Search

The Gamow-Teller strength distribution covering the entire $\beta$-decay window, up to 10.312(4) MeV, of $^{80g+m}$Ga was measured for the first time in photo-fission of UC$_x$ induced by 50 MeV electron beam. The new data show significant enhancement in the high-energy region with a jump-structure. Simultaneously, the $\gamma$ de-exciting behavior of $\beta$-populated states presents a competition between de-excitation to 2$_1^+$ [$\beta_2$ = 0.155(9)] and to 2$_2^+$ [$\beta_2$ = 0.053$_{0.009}^{0.008}$)] in $^{80}$Ge. Based on these facts and combined with a realistic shell model calculation and systematic analysis of logft ratio between precursor $\beta$-decay to 2$_2^+$ and to 2$_1^+$ of Ga isotopes, we conclude that these phenomena evidence simultaneous impacts of nuclear shell structure and collectivity on B(GT) and its distribution and, therefore, the half-life of the precursor. These data prove that the nucleus as a multi-nucleon correlated quantum system reacts as a whole when $\beta$-decay occurs in contrast to simple single-particle excitation. Additionally, the comparison with the theoretical results evidence how challenging is the description of the experimental data obtained, and render this experimental outcome a sound test for the theoretical models.

For the first time, half-lives and energy spectra of forbidden $\beta$ decays are calculated within the realistic shell model. Namely, we approach this issue starting from a realistic nucleon-nucleon potential and deriving effective Hamiltonians and decay operators. Our goal is to explore the sensitivity of the shape of calculated energy spectra to the renormalization of forbidden $\beta$ -decay operators, an operation that allows to take into account those configurations that are not explicitly included in the chosen model space. The region that has been considered for this investigation are nuclei outside the $^{78}$Ni core, more precisely we have studied the second-forbidden $\beta$ decays of $^{94}$Nb and $^{99}$Tc, and fourth-forbidden $\beta$ decays of $^{113}$Cd and $^{115}$In, that are currently of a renewed experimental interest in terms of novel spectroscopic techniques. Our results evidence that the introduction of a renormalized $\beta$-decay operator leads to a marked improvement of the reproduction of experimental half-lives. As regards the spectra of both second-forbidden and fourth-forbidden decays, we have found that their calculated shapes are in good agreement with the observed ones, even if scarcely responsive to the renormalization of the decay operator. We carry out also a detailed inspection of the different components of the calculated spectra for a deeper insight about their role in reproducing the experimental shapes., Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Phys Rev. C

For the first time, we approach in this work the problem of the renormalization of the Gamow-Teller decay operator for nuclear shell-model calculations by way of many-body perturbation theory, starting from a nuclear Hamiltonian and electroweak currents derived consistently by way of the chiral perturbation theory. These are the inputs we need to construct microscopically the effective shell-model Hamiltonians and decay operators. The goal is to assess the role of both electroweak currents and many-body correlations as the origins of the well-known problem of the quenching of the axial coupling constant gA. To this end, the calculation of observables related to the Gamow-Teller transitions has been performed for several nuclear systems outside the 40Ca and 56Ni closed cores and compared with the available data., Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, to be published in Physical Review C

For the first time, the calculation of the nuclear matrix element of the double-$\beta$ decay of $^{100}$Mo, with and without the emission of two neutrinos, is performed in the framework of the nuclear shell model. This task is accomplished starting from a realistic nucleon-nucleon potential, then the effective shell-model Hamiltonian and decay operators are derived within the many-body perturbation theory. The exotic features which characterize the structure of Mo isotopes -- such as shape coexistence and triaxiality softness -- push the shell-model computational problem beyond its present limits, making it necessary to truncate the model space. This has been done with the goal to preserve as much as possible the role of the rejected degrees of freedom in an effective approach that has been introduced and tested in previous studies. This procedure is grounded on the analysis of the effective single-particle energies of a large-scale shell-model Hamiltonian, that leads to a truncation of the number of the orbitals belonging to the model space. Then, the original Hamiltonian generates a new one by way of a unitary transformation onto the reduced model space, to retain effectively the role of the excluded single-particle orbitals. The predictivity of our calculation of the nuclear matrix element for the neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay of $^{100}$Mo is supported by the comparison with experiment of the calculated spectra, electromagnetic transition strengths, Gamow-Teller transition strengths and the two-neutrino double-beta nuclear matrix elements., Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C

The even-even Ti isotopic chain, from A = 42 to 70, has been studied within the nuclear shell-model framework by employing an effective Hamiltonian which is derived by way of many-body perturbation theory from a chiral potential with two- and three-body forces, and includes three-body contributions which account for Pauli principle violations in nuclei with more than two valence particles. We consider 40Ca as a closed core and a model space spanned by the neutron and proton 0f1p orbitals with the addition of the 0g9/2 orbital for neutrons. Calculated two-neutron separation energies and excitation energies of the yrast 2+ states are reported and compared with the experimental data, which are available up to 62Ti. The present study intends to investigate the effects of the adopted effective interactions on the evolution of the shell structure., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures

Neutrinoless double beta decay searches are currently among the major foci of experimental physics. The observation of such a decay will have important implications in our understanding of the intrinsic nature of neutrinos and shed light on the limitations of the Standard Model. The rate of this process depends on both the unknown neutrino effective mass and the nuclear matrix element associated with the given neutrinoless double-beta decay transition. The latter can only be provided by theoretical calculations, hence the need of accurate theoretical predictions of the nuclear matrix element for the success of the experimental programs. This need drives the theoretical nuclear physics community to provide the most reliable calculations of the nuclear matrix elements. Among the various computational models adopted to solve the many-body nuclear problem, the shell model is widely considered as the basic framework of the microscopic description of the nucleus. Here, we review the most recent and advanced shell-model calculations of the nuclear matrix elements considering the light-neutrino-exchange channel for nuclei of experimental interest. We report the sensitivity of the theoretical calculations with respect to variations in the model spaces and the shell-model nuclear Hamiltonians., Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Universe as a contribution to the Special Issue "Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay''

Starting from chiral two-nucleon (2NF) and chiral three-nucleon (3NF) potentials, we present a detailed study of 17Ne, a Borromean system, with the Gamow shell model which can capture continuum effects. More precisely, we take advantage of the normal-ordering approach to include the 3NF and the Berggren representation to treat bound, resonant and continuum states on equal footing in a complex-momentum plane. In our framework, 3NF is essential to reproduce the Borromean structure of 17Ne, while the continuum is more crucial for the halo property of the nucleus. The two-proton halo structure is demonstrated by calculating the valence proton density and correlation density. The astrophysically interesting $3/2^-$ excited state has its energy above the threshold of the proton emission, and therefore the two-proton decay should be expected from the state.

Three-nucleon force and continuum play important roles in reproducing the properties of atomic nuclei around driplines. Therefore it is valuable to build up a theoretical framework where both effects can be taken into account to solve the nuclear Schr\"odinger equation. To this end, in this letter, we have expressed the chiral three-nucleon force within the continuum Berggren representation, so that bound, resonant and continuum states can be treated on an equal footing in the complex-momentum space. To reduce the model dimension and computational cost, the three-nucleon force is truncated at the normal-ordered two-body level and limited in the $sd$-shell model space, with the residual three-body term being neglected. We choose neutron-rich oxygen isotopes as the test ground because they have been well studied experimentally, with the neutron dripline determined. The calculations have been carried out within the Gamow shell model. The quality of our results in reproducing the properties of oxygen isotopes around the neutron dripline shows the relevance of the interplay between three-nucleon force and the coupling to continuum states. We also analyze the role played by the chiral three-nucleon force, by dissecting the contributions of the $2\pi$ exchange, $1\pi$ exchange and contact terms.

The aim of this work is to present an overview of the derivation of the effective shell-model Hamiltonian and decay operators within many-body perturbation theory, and to show the results of selected shell-model studies based on their utilisation. More precisely, we report some technical details that are needed by non-experts to approach the derivation of shell-model Hamiltonians and operators starting from realistic nuclear potentials, in order to provide some guidance to shell-model calculations where the single-particle energies, two-body matrix elements of the residual interaction, effective charges and decay matrix elements, are all obtained without resorting to empirical adjustments. On the above grounds, we will present results of studies of double-beta decay of heavy-mass nuclei where shell-model ingredients are derived from theory, so to assess the reliability of such a way to shell-model investigations. Attention will be also focussed on the relevant aspects that are connected to the behavior of the perturbative expansion, whose knowledge is needed to establish limits and perspectives of this approach to nuclear structure calculations., Comment: 39 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables, to be published in Frontiers in Physics as a contribution to the Research Topic "The Future of Nuclear Structure: Challenges and Opportunities in the Microscopic Description of Nuclei"

We report in this paper a study in terms of the nuclear shell model about the location of the calcium isotopes drip line. The starting point is considering the realistic two-body potential derived by Entem and Machleidt within chiral perturbation theory at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO), as well as a chiral three-body force at next-to-next-to-leading order (N2LO) whose structure and low-energy constants are consistent with the two-body potential. Then we construct the effective single-particle energies and residual interaction needed to diagonalize the shell-model Hamiltonian. The calculated two-neutron separation energies agree nicely with experiment until 56Ca, which is the heaviest isotope whose mass has been measured, and do not show any sign of two-neutron emission until 70Ca. We discuss the role of the choice of the model space in determining the neutron drip line, and also the dependence of the results on the parameters of the shell-model Hamiltonian., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, to be published in Physical Review C

We approach the calculation of the nuclear matrix element of the neutrinoless double-beta decay process, considering the light-neutrino-exchange channel, by way of the realistic shell model. To this end, we start from a realistic nucleon-nucleon potential and then derive the effective shell-model Hamiltonian and neutrinoless double-beta decay operator within the many-body perturbation theory. We focus on investigating the perturbative properties of the effective shell-model operator of such a decay process, aiming to establish the degree of reliability of our predictions. The contributions of the so-called short-range correlations and of the correction of Pauli-principle violations to the effective shell-model operator, the latter introduced in many-valence nucleon systems, are also taken into account. The subjects of our study are a few candidates to the neutrinoless double-beta decay detection, in a mass interval ranging from A=48 up to A=136, whose spin- and spin-isospin-dependent decay properties we have studied in previous works. Our results will be finally compared with shell-model calculations for the same set of nuclei., Comment: 13 pages, 15 figures, 1 table, to be published in Physical Review C

Radioactive $^{129}$Sb, which can be treated as a proton plus semi-magic $^{128}$Sn core within the particle-core coupling scheme, was studied by Coulomb excitation. Reduced electric quadrupole transition probabilities, $B(E2)$, for the $2^+$ $\times$ $\pi g_{{7/2}}$ multiplet members and candidate $\pi d_{{5/2}}$ state were measured. The results indicate that the total electric quadrupole strength of $^{129}$Sb is a factor of 1.39(11) larger than the $^{128}$Sn core, which is in stark contrast to the expectations of the empirically successful particle-core coupling scheme. Shell-model calculations performed with two different sets of nucleon-nucleon interactions suggest that this enhanced collectivity is due to constructive quadrupole coherence in the wavefunctions stemming from the proton-neutron residual interactions, where adding one nucleon to a core near a double-shell closure can have a pronounced effect. The enhanced electric quadrupole strength is an early signal of the emerging nuclear collectivity that becomes dominant away from the shell closure., Comment: Accepted, Physical Review Letters

We approach the calculation of the nuclear matrix element of the neutrinoless double-beta decay process, considering the light-neutrino-exchange channel, by way of the realistic shell-model. In particular the focus of our work is spotted on the role of the short-range correlations, which should be taken into account because of the short-range repulsion of the realistic potentials. Our shell-model wave functions are calculated using an effective Hamiltonian derived from the high-precision CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential, the latter renormalized by way of the so-called V-low-k approach. The renormalization procedure decouples the repulsive high-momentum component of the potential from the low-momentum ones by the introduction of a cutoff Lambda, and is employed to renormalize consistently the two-body neutrino potentials to calculate the nuclear matrix elements of candidates to this decay process in mass interval ranging from A=76 up to A=136. We study the dependence of the decay operator on the choice of the cutoff, and compare our results with other approaches that can be found in present literature., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, submitted to the Conference Proceedings of the 27th International Nuclear Physics Conference, 29 July -2 August 2019, Glasgow (UK)

In nuclear structure calculations, the choice of a limited model space, due to computational needs, leads to the necessity to renormalize the Hamiltonian as well as any transition operator. Here, we present a study of the renormalization procedure and effects of the Gamow-Teller operator within the framework of the realistic shell model. Our effective shell-model operators are obtained, starting from a realistic nucleon-nucleon potential, by way of the many-body perturbation theory in order to take into account the degrees of freedom that are not explicitly included in the chosen model space. The theoretical effective shell-model Hamiltonian and transition operators are then employed in shell-model calculations, whose results are compared with data of Gamow-Teller transition strengths and double-beta half-lives for nuclei which are currently of interest for the detection of the neutrinoless double-beta decay process, in a mass interval ranging from A=48 up to A=136. We show that effective operators are able to reproduce quantitatively the spectroscopic and decay properties without resorting to an empirical quenching neither of the axial coupling constant gA, nor of the spin and orbital gyromagnetic factors. This should assess the reliability of applying present theoretical tools to this problematic., Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. C

We present a study of the role played by realistic three-body forces in providing a reliable monopole component of the effective shell-model Hamiltonian. To this end, starting from a nuclear potential built up within the chiral perturbation theory, we derive effective shell-model Hamiltonians with and without the contribution of the three-body potential and compare the results of shell-model calculations with a set of observables that evidence shell-evolution properties. The testing ground of our investigation are nuclei belonging to fp shell, since the shell evolution towards shell closures in 48Ca and 56Ni provides a paradigm for shell-model Hamiltonians. Our analysis shows that only by including contributions of the three-body force the monopole component of the effective shell-model Hamiltonian is then able to reproduce the experimental shell evolution towards and beyond the closure at N=28., Comment: 13 pages, 22 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. C

We present predictions for the equation of state of symmetric nuclear and pure neutron matter based on recent high-quality nucleon-nucleon potentials from leading order to fifth order in the chiral expansion. We include as well the next-to-next-to-leading order (N2LO) chiral three-nucleon force whose low-energy constants cD and cE are fitted to the binding energies of 3H and 3He as well as the \b{eta}-decay lifetime of 3H. The ground state energy per particle is computed in the particle- particle ladder approximation up to a few times saturation density. Due to the soft character of the interactions, uncertainties due to the convergence in many-body perturbation theory are small. We find that nuclear matter saturation is reproduced quantitatively at N3LO and N4LO, and therefore we encourage the application of these interactions in finite nuclei, where the description of ground- state energies and charge radii of medium-mass nuclei may be improved., Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures

In this paper we present an evolution of our derivation of the shell-model effective Hamiltonian, namely introducing effects of three-body contributions. More precisely, we consider a three-body potential at next-to-next-to-leading order in chiral perturbation theory, and the induced three-body forces that arise from many-body correlations among valence nucleons. The first one is included, in the derivation of the effective Hamiltonian for one- and two-valence nucleon-systems, at first order in the many-body perturbation theory. Namely, we include only the three-body interaction between one or two valence nucleons and those belonging to the core. For nuclei with more than two valence particles, both induced - turned on by the two-body potential - and genuine three-body forces come into play. Since it is difficult to perform shell-model calculations with three-body forces, these contributions are estimated for the ground-state energy only. In order to establish the reliability of our approximations, we focus attention on nuclei belonging to the p shell, aiming to benchmark our calculations against those performed with the ab initio no-core shell-model. The obtained results are satisfactory, and pave the way to the application of our approach to nuclear systems with heavier masses., Comment: 10 pages, 15 figures, to be published on Physical Review C

The low-lying structures of the midshell $\nu g_{9/2}$ Ni isotopes $^{72}$Ni and $^{74}$Ni have been investigated at the RIBF facility in RIKEN within the EURICA collaboration. Previously unobserved low-lying states were accessed for the first time following $\beta$ decay of the mother nuclei $^{72}$Co and $^{74}$Co. As a result, we provide a complete picture in terms of the seniority scheme up to the first $(8^+)$ levels for both nuclei. The experimental results are compared to shell-model calculations in order to define to what extent the seniority quantum number is preserved in the first neutron $g_{9/2}$ shell. We find that the disappearance of the seniority isomerism in the $(8^+_1)$ states can be explained by a lowering of the seniority-four $(6^+)$ levels as predicted years ago. For $^{74}$Ni, the internal de-excitation pattern of the newly observed $(6^+_2)$ state supports a restoration of the normal seniority ordering up to spin $J=4$. This property, unexplained by the shell-model calculations, is in agreement with a dominance of the single-particle spherical regime near $^{78}$Ni.

We report on the calculation of Gamow-Teller and double-beta decay properties for nuclei around 132Sn within the framework of the realistic shell model. The effective shell-model Hamiltonian and Gamow-Teller transition operator are derived by way of many-body perturbation theory, without resorting to empirical effective quenching factor for the Gamow-Teller operator. The results are then compared with the available experimental data, in order to establish the reliability of our approach. This is a mandatory step, before we apply the same methodology, in forthcoming studies, to the calculation of the neutrinoless double-beta decay nuclear matrix element for nuclei that are currently considered among the best candidates for the detection of this process., Comment: 10 pages, 13 figures, 6 tables, 1 appendix, to be published in Physical Review C

We present a procedure that is helpful to reduce the computational complexity of large-scale shell-model calculations, by preserving as much as possible the role of the rejected degrees of freedom in an effective approach. Our truncation is driven first by the analysis of the effective single-particle energies of the original large-scale shell-model hamiltonian, so to locate the relevant degrees of freedom to describe a class of isotopes or isotones, namely the single-particle orbitals that will constitute a new truncated model space. The second step is to perform an unitary transformation of the original hamiltonian from its model space into the truncated one. This transformation generates a new shell-model hamiltonian, defined in a smaller model space, that retains effectively the role of the excluded single-particle orbitals. As an application of this procedure, we have chosen a realistic shell-model hamiltonian defined in a large model space, set up by seven and five proton and neutron single-particle orbitals outside 88Sr, respectively. We study the dependence of shell-model results upon different truncations of the original model space for the Zr, Mo, Ru, Pd, Cd, and Sn isotopic chains, showing the reliability of this truncation procedure., Comment: 10 pages, 15 figures, to be published in Physical Review C

Realistic nuclear potentials, derived within chiral perturbation theory, are a major breakthrough in modern nuclear structure theory, since they provide a direct link between nuclear physics and its underlying theory, namely the QCD. As a matter of fact, chiral potentials are tailored on the low-energy regime of nuclear structure physics, and chiral perturbation theory provides on the same footing two-nucleon forces as well as many-body ones. This feature fits well with modern advances in ab-initio methods and realistic shell-model. Here, we will review recent nuclear structure calculations, based on realistic chiral potentials, for both finite nuclei and infinite nuclear matter., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, plenary talk presented at "Nucleus-Nucleus 2015" Conference, 21-26 June 2015, Catania, to be published in the "Conference Proceedings" Series of the Italian Physical Society

A realistic shell-model study is performed for neutron-deficient tin isotopes up to mass A=108. All shell-model ingredients, namely two-body matrix elements, single-particle energies, and effective charges for electric quadrupole transition operators, have been calculated by way of the many-body perturbation theory, starting from a low-momentum interaction derived from the high-precision CD-Bonn free nucleon-nucleon potential. The focus has been put on the enhanced quadrupole collectivity of these nuclei, which is testified by the observed large B(E2;0+ -> 2+)s. Our results evidence the crucial role played by the Z=50 cross-shell excitations that need to be taken into account explicitly to obtain a satisfactory theoretical description of light tin isotopes. We find also that a relevant contribution comes from the calculated neutron effective charges, whose magnitudes exceed the standard empirical values. An original double-step procedure has been introduced to reduce effectively the model space in order to overcome the computational problem., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables

The role of three-nucleon forces (3NF) in the description of nuclear structure properties is nowadays a main topic in the field of microscopic many-nucleon calculations. We investigate the relative weight between effective two- and three-nucleon forces in neutron-rich nuclei beyond the doubly-closed 132Sn core within the realistic shell-model framework, studying the evolution of the spectroscopic properties of N=82 isotopes and heavy tin isotopes. This problem is tackled indirectly without explicitly taking into account effective 3NF through the comparison of the results of shell-model calculations obtained from realistic on-shell-equivalent low-momentum potentials., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, talk presented at ARIS2014, Tokyo June 1-6 2014, to be published in the JPS Conference Proceedings

We calculate the nuclear and neutron matter equations of state from microscopic nuclear forces at different orders in chiral effective field theory and with varying momentum-space cutoff scales. We focus attention on how the order-by-order convergence depends on the choice of resolution scale and the implications for theoretical uncertainty estimates on the isospin asymmetry energy. Specifically we study the equations of state using consistent NLO and N2LO (next-to-next-to-leading order) chiral potentials where the low-energy constants cD and cE associated with contact vertices in the N2LO chiral three-nucleon force are fitted to reproduce the binding energies of 3H and 3He as well as the beta-decay lifetime of 3H. At these low orders in the chiral expansion there is little sign of convergence, while an exploratory study employing the N3LO two-nucleon force together with the N2LO three-nucleon force give first indications for (slow) convergence with low-cutoff potentials and poor convergence with higher-cutoff potentials. The consistent NLO and N2LO potentials described in the present work provide the basis for estimating theoretical uncertainties associated with the order-by-order convergence of nuclear many-body calculations in chiral effective field theory., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review C

This paper is an homage to the seminal work of Gerry Brown and Tom Kuo, where shell model calculations were performed for 18O and 18F using an effective interaction derived from the Hamada-Johnston nucleon-nucleon potential. That work has been the first successful attempt to provide a description of nuclear structure properties starting from the free nucleon-nucleon potential. We shall compare the approach employed in the 1966 paper with the derivation of a modern realistic shell-model interaction for sd-shell nuclei, evidencing the progress that has been achieved during the last decades., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Nuclear Physics A, contribution to the Gerry Brown's Memorial Volume

This paper presents a short overview of the shell-model approach with realistic effective interactions to the study of exotic nuclei. We first give a sketch of the current state of the art of the theoretical framework of this approach, focusing on the main ingredients and most relevant recent advances. Then, we present some selected results for neutron-rich nuclei in various mass regions, namely oxygen isotopes, $N=40$ isotones, and nuclei around $^{132}$Sn, to show the merit as well as the limits of these calculations., Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, talk presented at the XIV Convegno Su Problemi Di Fisica Nucleare Teorica, Cortona, 2013, to be published on Journal of Physics: conference Series

We compute the energy per particle of infinite symmetric nuclear matter from chiral N3LO (next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order) two-body potentials plus N2LO three-body forces. The low-energy constants of the chiral three-nucleon force that cannot be constrained by two-body observables are fitted to reproduce the triton binding energy and the 3H-3He Gamow-Teller transition matrix element. In this way, the saturation properties of nuclear matter are reproduced in a parameter-free approach. The equation of state is computed up to third order in many-body perturbation theory, with special emphasis on the role of the third-order particle-hole diagram. The dependence of these results on the cutoff scale and regulator function is studied. We find that the inclusion of three-nucleon forces consistent with the applied two-nucleon interaction leads to a reduced dependence on the choice of the regulator only for lower values of the cutoff., Comment: 9 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, to be published in Physical Review C. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1209.5537

We calculate perturbatively the energy per nucleon in infinite nuclear matter with a chiral N3LO (next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order) two-body potential plus a N2LO three-body force (3BF). The 3BF low-energy constants which cannot be constrained by two-body observables are chosen such as to reproduce the A=3 binding energies and the triton Gamow-Teller matrix element. This enables to study the nuclear matter equation of state in a parameter-free approach., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, talk presented at "XIV Convegno su Problemi di Fisica Nucleare Teorica", Cortona October 29-31, 2013. Submitted to Journal of Physics: Conferences Series

We perform realistic shell-model calculations for nuclei with valence nucleons outside 48Ca, employing two different model spaces. The matrix elements of the effective two-body interaction and electromagnetic multipole operators have been calculated within the framework of the many-body perturbation theory, starting from a low-momentum potential derived from the high-precision CD-Bonn free nucleon-nucleon potential. The role played by the neutron orbital 1d5/2 has been investigated by comparing experimental data on yrast quadrupole excitations of isotopic chains north-east of 48Ca with the results of calculations including or not including this single-particle state in the model space., Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables, to be published in Physical Review C

We have performed shell-model calculations of binding energies of nuclei around $^{132}$Sn. The main aim of our study has been to find out if the behavior of odd-even staggering across N=82 is explainable in terms of the shell model. In our calculations, we have employed realistic low-momentum two-body effective interactions derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential that have already proved quite successful in describing the spectroscopic properties of nuclei in the $^{132}$Sn region. Comparison shows that our results fully explains the trend of the experimental staggering., Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure

We have performed shell-model calculations for the two one valence-neutron isotones $^{135}$Te and $^{137}$Xe and the two one valence-proton isotopes $^{135,137}$Sb. The main aim of our study has been to investigate the evolution of single-particle states with increasing nucleon number. To this end, we have focused attention on the spectroscopic factors and the effective single-particle energies. In our calculations, we have employed a realistic low-momentum two-body effective interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential that has already proved quite successful in describing the spectroscopic properties of nuclei in the $^{132}$Sn region. Comparison shows that our results reproduce very well the available experimental data. This gives confidence in the evolution of the single-particle states 4 figures predicted by the present study., Comment: 7 pages, 4figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C

We have performed shell-model calculations for the nucleus $^{137}$Xe, which was recently studied experimentally using the $^{136}$Xe($d,p$) reaction in inverse kinematics. The main aim of our study has been to investigate the single-neutron properties of the observed states, focusing attention on the spectroscopic factors. We have employed a realistic low-momentum two-body effective interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential that has already proved quite successful in describing the spectroscopic properties of nuclei in the $^{132}$Sn region. Comparison shows that our calculations reproduce very well the experimental excitation energies and yield spectroscopic factors that come close to those extracted from the data., Comment: 7 pages, 1 table, submitted to Physical Review C

We calculate the energy per particle in infinite neutron matter perturbatively using chiral N3LO two-body potentials plus N2LO three-body forces. The cutoff dependence of the predictions is investigated by employing chiral interactions with different regulators. We find that the inclusion of three-nucleon forces, which are consistent with the applied two-nucleon interaction, leads to a strongly reduced regulator dependence of the results., Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, to be published in Physical Review C

We compare nuclear and neutron matter predictions based on two different ab initio approaches to nuclear forces and the nuclear many-body problem. The first consists of a realistic meson-theoretic nucleon-nucleon potential together with the relativistic counterpart of the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory of nuclear matter. The second is based on chiral effective field theory, with density-dependent interactions derived from leading order chiral three-nucleon forces. We find the results to be very close and conclude that both approaches contain important features governing the physics of nuclear and neutron matter., Comment: PDFLATEX, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1107.3339, arXiv:1111.0695, arXiv:1002.0146

This paper discusses the derivation of an effective shell-model hamiltonian starting from a realistic nucleon-nucleon potential by way of perturbation theory. More precisely, we present the state of the art of this approach when the starting point is the perturbative expansion of the Q-box vertex function. Questions arising from diagrammatics, intermediate-states and order-by-order convergences, and their dependence on the chosen nucleon-nucleon potential, are discussed in detail, and the results of numerical applications for the p-shell model space starting from chiral next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order potentials are shown. Moreover, an alternative graphical method to derive the effective hamiltonian, based on the Z-box vertex function recently introduced by Suzuki et al., is applied to the case of a non-degenerate (0+2) hbaromega model space. Finally, our shell-model results are compared with the exact ones obtained from no-core shell-model calculations., Comment: 40 pages, 22 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in Annals of Physics

We have performed shell-model calculations for nuclei below 100Sn, focusing attention on the two N=Z nuclei 96Cd and 92Pd, the latter having been recently the subject of great experimental and theoretical interest. We have considered nuclei for which the 0g9/2 orbit plays a dominant role and employed a realistic low-momentum two-body effective interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential. This implies that no phenomenological input enters our effective Hamiltonian. The calculated results for 92Pd are in very good agreement with the available experimental data, which gives confidence in our predictions for 96Cd. An analysis of the wave functions of both 96Cd and 92Pd is performed to investigate the role of the isoscalar spin-aligned coupling., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, to be published in Physical Review C

The advent of nucleon-nucleon potentials derived from chiral perturbation theory, as well as the so-called V-low-k approach to the renormalization of the strong short-range repulsion contained in the potentials, have brought renewed interest in realistic shell-model calculations. Here we focus on calculations where a fully microscopic approach is adopted. No phenomenological input is needed in these calculations, because single-particle energies, matrix elements of the two-body interaction, and matrix elements of the electromagnetic multipole operators are derived theoretically. This has been done within the framework of the time-dependent degenerate linked-diagram perturbation theory. We present results for some nuclei in different mass regions. These evidence the ability of realistic effective hamiltonians to provide an accurate description of nuclear structure properties., Comment: 6 pages, 9 figures, talk presented at INPC2010, Vancouver, July 4 -9 2010. Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Series

We report on a shell-model study of Sn isotopes beyond N=82 employing a realistic effective interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential renormalized through use of the V-low-k approach. At present, the most exotic Sn isotope for which some experimental information exists is 134Sn with an N/Z ratio of 1.68. It is the aim of our study to compare the results of our calculations with the available experimental data and to make predictions for the neighboring heavier isotopes which may be within reach of the next generation of radioactive ion beam facilities. The very good agreement between theory and experiment obtained for 134Sn gives confidence in the predictive power of our realistic shell-model calculations., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, talk presented at 10th International Spring Seminar on Nuclear Physics "New Quests in Nuclear Structure", Vietri sul Mare, may 21-25, 2010. To be published on Journal of Physics Conference Series

We study the neutron-rich calcium isotopes performing shell-model calculations with a realistic effective interaction. This is derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential renormalized by way of the V-low-k approach, considering 48Ca as an inert core and including the neutron 0g9/2 orbital. We compare our results with experiment and with the results of a previous study where 40Ca was assumed as a closed core and the standard 1p0f model space was employed. The calculated spectroscopic properties are in both cases in very good agreement with the available experimental data and enable a discussion on the role of the g9/2 single-particle state in the heavy-mass Ca isotopes., Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables, talk presented at 10th International Spring Seminar on Nuclear Physics "New Quests in Nuclear Structure", Vietri sul Mare, may 21-25, 2010. To be published on Journal of Physics Conference Series

We have studied neutron-rich carbon isotopes in terms of the shell model employing a realistic effective hamiltonian derived from the chiral N3LOW nucleon-nucleon potential. The single-particle energies and effective two-body interaction have been both determined within the framework of the time-dependent degenerate linked-diagram perturbation theory. The calculated results are in very good agreement with the available experimental data, providing a sound description of this isotopic chain toward the neutron dripline. The correct location of the dripline is reproduced., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables, to be published in Physical Review C

New experimental information has been recently obtained on the odd-odd nucleus 134-I. We interpret the five observed excited states up to the energy of ~3 MeV on the basis of a realistic shell-model calculation, and make spin-parity assignments accordingly. A very good agreement is found between the experimental and calculated energies., Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure

We have studied neutron-rich calcium isotopes in terms of the shell model employing a realistic effective interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential. The short-range repulsion of the potential is renormalized by way of the V-low-k approach. The calculated results are in very good agreement with the available experimental data, thus supporting our predictions for the hitherto unknown spectra of 53-56Ca nuclei. In this context, the possible existence of an N=34 shell closure is discussed., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review C

We discuss shell-model calculations based on the use of low-momentum interactions derived from the free-space nucleon-nucleon potential. A main feature of this approach is the construction of a smooth potential, V-low-k, defined within a given momentum cutoff. As a practical application of the theoretical framework, we present some selected results of our current study of nuclei around doubly magic 132Sn and 208Pb which have been obtained starting from the CD-Bonn potential. Focusing attention on the similarity between the spectroscopy of these two regions, we show that it emerges quite naturally from our effective interactions without use of any adjustable parameter., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures

Starting from the striking similarity of proton-neutron multiplets in 134Sb and 210Bi, we perform a shell-model study of nuclei with two additional protons or neutrons to find out to what extent this analogy persists. We employ effective interactions derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential renormalized by use of the V-low-k approach. The calculated results for 136Sb, 212Bi, 136I, and 212At are in very good agreement with the available experimental data. The similarity between 132Sn and 208Pb regions is discussed in connection with the effective interaction, emphasizing the role of core polarization effects., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables

We have performed shell-model calculations for the even- and odd-mass N=82 isotones, focusing attention on low-energy states. The single-particle energies and effective two-body interaction have been both determined within the framework of the time-dependent degenerate linked-diagram perturbation theory, starting from a low-momentum interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential. In this way, no phenomenological input enters our effective Hamiltonian, whose reliability is evidenced by the good agreement between theory and experiment., Comment: 7 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, to be published in Physical Review C

We report on a study of exotic nuclei around doubly magic 132Sn in terms of the shell model employing a realistic effective interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential. The short-range repulsion of the latter is renormalized by constructing a smooth low-momentum potential, V-low-k, that is used directly as input for the calculation of the effective interaction. In this paper, we focus attention on proton-neutron multiplets in the odd-odd nuclei 134Sb, 136Sb. We show that the behavior of these multiplets is quite similar to that of the analogous multiplets in the counterpart nuclei in the 208Pb region, 210Bi and 212Bi., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, talk presented at "Nuclear Physics and Astrophyisics: From Stable Beams to Exotic Nuclei", June 25-30, 2008, Cappadocia, Turkey

A review is presented of the development and current status of nuclear shell-model calculations in which the two-body effective interaction is derived from the free nucleon-nucleon potential. The significant progress made in this field within the last decade is emphasized, in particular as regards the so-called V-low-k approach to the renormalization of the bare nucleon-nucleon interaction. In the last part of the review we first give a survey of realistic shell-model calculations from early to present days. Then, we report recent results for neutron-rich nuclei near doubly magic 132Sn and for the whole even-mass N=82 isotonic chain. These illustrate how shell-model effective interactions derived from modern nucleon-nucleon potentials are able to provide an accurate description of nuclear structure properties., Comment: 71 pages, to be published in Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

We report on a study of neutron-rich nuclei around doubly magic 132Sn in terms of the shell model employing a realistic effective interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential. The short-range repulsion of the bare potential is renormalized by constructing a low-momentum potential, V-low-k, that is used directly as input for the calculation of the effective interaction. We present results for the four nuclei beyond the N=82 shell closure 134Sn, 134Sb, 136Sb, and 136Te. Comparison shows that our results are in very good agreement with the experimental data presently available for these exotic nuclei. We also present our predictions of the hitherto unknown spectrum of 136Sn., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, published in the Proceedings of the 9th International Spring Seminar on Nuclear Physics ``Changing Facets of Nuclear Structure'', Vico Equense, 20-24 May 2007. Edited by A. Covello, World Scientific, Singapore, 2008. p. 253 - 262