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206 results on '"Italian Space Agency"'

1. Close Approaches of Debris to LARES Satellite During Its First Four Years of Operation

Author: Italian Space Agency, Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Paris, Claudio, Sindoni, Giampiero, di Sabato, Tommaso, Italian Space Agency, Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Paris, Claudio, Sindoni, Giampiero, and di Sabato, Tommaso
Abstract: Since its launch in February 2012, the LAser RElativity Satellite (LARES) of the Italian Space Agency experienced four close approaches with space debris. LARES orbits at an altitude of 1450 km, in a region where the density of space debris has a peak. However, the probability of an impact with a debris during the operational life of the satellite was reasonably low. The analysis of the close approaches identified three of the objects, that are from two peculiar population of objects. This paper discusses the problem of space debris in low orbit, the approaches occurred with LARES, and some possible scenarios related to space regulations and space law in case of an impact.
Published: 2017

2. COSMO-SkyMed Interoperability, Expandability and Multi-Sensor Capabilities: The Keys for Full Multi-Mission Spectrum Operations

Author: CALTAGIRONE ITALIAN SPACE AGENCY (ASI) ROME (ITALY), De Luca, Giuseppe F., Rum, Giovanni, Caltagirone, Francesco, De Carlo, Pasquale M., Marano, Graziano, Angino, Giuseppe, Piemontese, Matteo, CALTAGIRONE ITALIAN SPACE AGENCY (ASI) ROME (ITALY), De Luca, Giuseppe F., Rum, Giovanni, Caltagirone, Francesco, De Carlo, Pasquale M., Marano, Graziano, Angino, Giuseppe, and Piemontese, Matteo
Abstract: Historically, Earth Observation (EO) missions have largely been technology-driven. A promising idea for an instrument design has often been the starting point for a satellite mission specifically conceived to satisfy certain scientific requirements. This situation has led to a high number of scattered facilities each providing different specific, regional, thematic functions such as near-real-time data production and distribution, off-line archive and distribution, and added value services with complex data and information flows. This has created a high level of complexity for the users to find and access the EO data, and an infrastructural overcapacity in the basic data services. Some initiatives, such as GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), GEOSS (Global Environment Outlook Support System), aim to find a viable way to provide cost-effective solutions, simple access to Multi-Mission/Multi-Sensor (MM-MS) capabilities, and streamlined operations. COSMO-SkyMed is an Earth Observation system born to cope with dual-use (i.e. military and civilian) and Multi-mission requirements to further expand to other sensors. Within this perspective, it is a highly innovative system, presenting cutting-edge MM-MS capabilities and, as such, capable to fully cope with the above needs., Presented at the Meeting on Integration of Space-Based Assets within Full Spectrum Operations (Integration des moyens spatiaux dans toute la gamme des operations), held in Colorado Springs, CO, on 10-12 Oct 2005. Published in the Proceedings of the Meeting, p3-1 through 3-12, 2005. Prepared in collaboration with Italian Ministry of Defence, Rome, Italy. Prepared in cooperation with Alcatel Alenia Space, Rome, Italy. Document includes briefing charts in addition to text. See also ADM202138, RTO-MP-SCI-150. The original document contains color images.
Published: 2006

3. A monitoring campaign (2013-2020) of ESA's Mars Express to study interplanetary plasma scintillation

Author: P. Kummamuru, G. Molera Calvés, G. Cimò, S. V. Pogrebenko, T. M. Bocanegra-Bahamón, D. A. Duev, M. D. Md Said, J. Edwards, M. Ma, J. Quick, A. Neidhardt, P. de Vicente, R. Haas, J. Kallunki, G. Maccaferri, G. Colucci, W. J. Yang, L. F. Hao, S. Weston, M. A. Kharinov, A. G. Mikhailov, T. Jung, University of Tasmania, Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CAS - Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory, Technical University of Munich, Observatorio de Yebes (IGN), Chalmers University of Technology, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, National Institute for Astrophysics, Italian Space Agency, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: Physics - Space Physics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, solar wind, space weather, Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, interferometry, spacecraft tracking, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), plasma
Abstract: The radio signal transmitted by the Mars Express (MEX) spacecraft was observed regularly between the years 2013-2020 at X-band (8.42 GHz) using the European Very Long Baseline Interferometry (EVN) network and University of Tasmania's telescopes. We present a method to describe the solar wind parameters by quantifying the effects of plasma on our radio signal. In doing so, we identify all the uncompensated effects on the radio signal and see which coronal processes drive them. From a technical standpoint, quantifying the effect of the plasma on the radio signal helps phase referencing for precision spacecraft tracking. The phase fluctuation of the signal was determined for Mars' orbit for solar elongation angles from 0 - 180 deg. The calculated phase residuals allow determination of the phase power spectrum. The total electron content (TEC) of the solar plasma along the line of sight is calculated by removing effects from mechanical and ionospheric noises. The spectral index was determined as $-2.43 \pm 0.11$ which is in agreement with Kolomogorov's turbulence. The theoretical models are consistent with observations at lower solar elongations however at higher solar elongation ($>$160 deg) we see the observed values to be higher. This can be caused when the uplink and downlink signals are positively correlated as a result of passing through identical plasma sheets., The paper has 13 figures and one table. It has been accepted for publication in PASA and the article will receive its DOI in a week's time
Published: 2023

4. Satellite Radar and Camera Time Series Reveal Transition from Aligned to Distributed Crater Arrangement during the 2021 Eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma (Spain)

Author: Valeria Muñoz, Thomas R. Walter, Edgar U. Zorn, Alina V. Shevchenko, Pablo J. González, Diego Reale, Eugenio Sansosti, Italian Space Agency, Cabildo de Tenerife, and Airbus
Subjects: remote sensing, SAR, time-lapse camera, volcano monitoring, fissure eruption, crater row, La Palma, Canary Islands, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract: Magma-filled dikes may feed erupting fissures that lead to alignments of craters developing at the surface, yet the details of activity and migrating eruptions at the crater row are difficult to monitor and are hardly understood. The 2021 Tajogaite eruption at the Cumbre Vieja, La Palma (Spain), lasted 85 days and developed a pronounced alignment of craters that may be related to changes within the volcano edifice. Here, we use COSMO-SkyMed satellite radar data and ground-based time-lapse photographs, offering a high-resolution dataset to explore the locations and characteristics of evolving craters. Our results show that the craters evolve both gradually and suddenly and can be divided into three main phases. Phase 1, lasting the first 6 weeks of the eruption, was characterized by a NW–SE linear evolution of up to seven craters emerging on the growing cone. Following two partial collapses of the cone to the northwest and a seismicity increase at depth, Phase 2 started and caused a propagation of the main activity toward the southeastern side, together with the presence of up to 11 craters along this main NW–SE trend. Associated with strong deep and shallow earthquakes, Phase 3 was initiated and continued for the final 2 weeks of the eruption, expressed by the development of up to 18 craters, which became dominant and clustered in the southeastern sector in early December 2021. In Phase 3, a second and oblique alignment and surface fracture was identified. Our findings that crater and eruption changes coincide together with an increase in seismic activity at depth point to a deep driver leading to crater and morphology changes at the surface. These also suggest that crater distributions might allow for improved monitoring of changes occurring at depth, and vice versa, such that strong seismicity changes at depth may herald the migration and new formation of craters, which have major implications for the assessment of tephra and lava flow hazards on volcanoes., We thank Nicole Richter, Carla Valenzuela Malebrán and Mahdi Motagh, for support in the field, and Simone Cesca and Claus Milkereit for discussion on seismology. COSMOSkyMed (CSK) data have been provided by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) under a license to use within the CEOS Volcano Demonstrator. The authors thank Susanna Ebmeier (Univ. Leeds) and Maria Virelli (ASI) for their support with CSK data provision. The authors are grateful to PEVOLCA for enabling access to the Exclusion Zone of La Palma during the 2021 eruption, UAS flight permission and station maintenance. The Pleiades tri-stereo data were kindly provided by Airbus via an ESA Third Party Mission Proposal (ID-69959).
Published: 2022
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5. Exploring the Maze of Cycloserine Conformers in the Gas Phase Guided by Microwave Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry

Author: Cristina Puzzarini, Iker León, Elena R. Alonso, Marco Fusè, Vincenzo Barone, José L. Alonso, Alonso, E. R., Fuse', M., Leon, I., Puzzarini, C., Alonso, J. L., Barone, V., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Castilla y León, European Research Council, European Commission, Italian Space Agency, Fundación Biofísica Bizkaia, Alonso, Elena R., Puzzarini, Cristina, Alonso, José L., Barone, Vincenzo, Alonso E.R., Fuse M., Leon I., Puzzarini C., Alonso J.L., and Barone V.
Subjects: Energy, Chemistry, Cycloserine, Cycloserine Conformer, Microwave Spectroscopy, Ring (chemistry), Quantum chemistry, Chemical structure, Potential energy, Quantum-chemical Calculations, Computational chemistry, medicine, Moiety, Molecule, Rotational spectroscopy, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular structure, Conformational isomerism, Hyperfine structure, Spectroscopy, Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica, medicine.drug
Abstract: Cycloserine has in common with isoxazolidines the saturated five-membered ring, which is an important scaffold for drug design, exhibiting diverse biological activities. The most remarkable feature of these compounds is the presence of the N-O bond framed in a cyclic moiety. The lack of an accurate characterization of this structural feature in an isolated system calls for a state-of-the-art theoretical-experimental study. A quantum-chemical investigation of cycloserine unveiled the presence of 11 local energy minima, with only two of them being separated by significant barriers. This picture has been experimentally confirmed: two species have been unequivocally detected in the gas phase by means of laser ablation microwave spectroscopy, also disentangling the complicated hyperfine structure originating from the presence of two nitrogen atoms. A thorough characterization of cycloserine and isoxazolidine, benchmarked by the semiexperimental investigation of hydroxylamine, provided the first accurate determination of their structures and pointed out that the rev-DSD-PBEP86 functional is competitive with respect to explicitly correlated coupled-cluster computations. This outcome paves the way toward accurate studies of large flexible molecules., This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (CTQ2016-76393-P and PID2019-111396GB-I00), Junta de Castilla y León (grants VA077U16 and VA244P20), and the European Research Council ERC-2013-SyG, no. 610256 NANOCOSMOS, MIUR ‘PRIN 2017’ (grant number 2017A4XRCA), and by the Italian Space Agency (ASI; ‘Life in Space’ project, no. 2019-3-U.0). E.R.A. acknowledges the Fundación Biofísica Bizkaia for a postdoctoral grant.
Published: 2021

6. Dwarf planet (1) Ceres surface bluing due to high porosity resulting from sublimation

Author: S. Potin, Bernard Schmitt, Maria Cristina De Sanctis, Simone De Angelis, M. Ferrari, Robin Sultana, Olivier Poch, Pierre Beck, Stefan Schröder, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES), Italian Space Agency (ASI) through grant ASI I/004/12/2, European Project: 654208,Europlanet-2020 RI, European Project: ERC-CoG2017-771691,SOLARYS, and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Science, Dwarf planet, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], General Physics and Astronomy, Color, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bluing, Article, Astrobiology, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Impact crater, 0103 physical sciences, Spectral slope, Highly porous, Planetary science, phyllosilicates, Porosity, Ejecta, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, General Chemistry, Mineralogy, Dawn mission, 13. Climate action, Reflectance spectra measurements, highly porous, sublimation residue, Ceres, Sublimation (phase transition), Asteroids, comets and Kuiper belt, Geology
Abstract: The Dawn mission found that the dominant colour variation on the surface of dwarf planet Ceres is a change of the visible spectral slope, where fresh impact craters are surrounded by blue (negative spectral-sloped) ejecta. The origin of this colour variation is still a mystery. Here we investigate a scenario in which an impact mixes the phyllosilicates present on the surface of Ceres with the water ice just below. In our experiment, Ceres analogue material is suspended in liquid water to create intimately mixed ice particles, which are sublimated under conditions approximating those on Ceres. The sublimation residue has a highly porous, foam-like structure made of phyllosilicates that scattered light in similar blue fashion as the Ceres surface. Our experiment provides a mechanism for the blue colour of fresh craters that can naturally emerge from the Ceres environment., The origin of blue ejecta around the fresh craters of dwarf planet Ceres is unknown. Here, the authors show that the blue color results from high porosity of the surface, induced by sublimation of ice-phyllosilicate mixture produced by impacts.
Published: 2021

7. Spectroscopic and Computational Characterization of 2-Aza-1,3-butadiene, a Molecule of Astrochemical Significance

Author: Ningjing Jiang, Mattia Melosso, Luca Bizzocchi, Silvia Alessandrini, Jean-Claude Guillemin, Luca Dore, Cristina Puzzarini, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (SNS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This study was supported by the University of Bologna (RFO funds) as well as by the Italian Space Agency (ASI, 'Life in Space' project, N. 2019-3-U.0). N.J. thanks the China Scholarships Council (CSC) for financial support. J.C.G. thanks the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and the Program 'Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire' (INSU-CNRS) for grants., Jiang, Ningjing, Melosso, Mattia, Bizzocchi, Luca, Alessandrini, Silvia, Guillemin, Jean-Claude, Dore, Luca, and Puzzarini, Cristina
Subjects: Butadiene, Polarity, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular structure, Energy levels, Spectroscopy, butadiene, heterodienes, spectroscopy, structure, insterstellar medium
Abstract: International audience; Being N-substituted unsaturated species, azabutadienes are molecules of potential relevance in astrochemistry, ranging from the interstellar medium to Titan’s atmosphere. 2-Azabutadiene and butadiene share a similar conjugated π system, thus allowing investigation of the effects of heteroatom substitution. More interestingly, 2-azabutadiene can be used to proxy the abundance of interstellar butadiene. To enable future astronomical searches, the rotational spectrum of 2-azabutadiene has been investigated up to 330 GHz. The experimental work has been supported and guided by accurate computational characterization of the molecular structure, energetics, and spectroscopic properties of the two possible forms, trans and gauche. The trans species, more stable by about 7 kJ/mol than gauche-2-azabutadiene, has been experimentally observed, and its rotational and centrifugal distortion constants have been obtained with remarkable accuracy, while theoretical estimates of the spectroscopic parameters are reported for gauche-2-azabutadiene.
Published: 2022

8. Combining IR and X‐ray microtomography data sets: Application to Itokawa particles and to Paris meteorite

Author: Akira Tsuchiyama, David Troadec, Tomoki Nakamura, Rosario Brunetto, Zahia Djouadi, Christophe Sandt, Anne Cécile Buellet, Alessandra Rotundi, Donia Baklouti, Ferenc Borondics, Alice Aléon-Toppani, Andrew King, Stefano Rubino, Z. Dionnet, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire de Physiogénomique / NeuroTranscriptomes et Paléogénétique (LPG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tohoku University [Sendai], Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), SMIS Beamline, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Centrale de Micro Nano Fabrication - IEMN (CMNF - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Kyoto], Kyoto University, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, This work is supported by the 'IDI 2015' project funded by the IDEX Paris-Saclay (Grant ANR-11-IDEX- 0003-02). The FT-IR microspectroscopy activities are supported by grants from Région Ile-de-France (DIM-ACAV) and SOLEIL. This work has been funded by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES-France, Hayabusa2 mission) and by the ANR project CLASSY (Grant ANR-17-CE31-0004-02) of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche. This work was partly supported by the French RENATECH network. We wish to thank the Italian Space Agency (ASI, Italy) contract no. I/024/12/2 and MIUR, contracts PNRA16-00029 and PRIN2015-20158W4JZ7. We are grateful to the JAXA Curator for allocating the Hayabusa particles. We thank T. Yada and L. Bonal for useful discussion, B. Zanda for providing the Paris meteorite sample, and the ANATOMIX team (SOLEIL) for their help with Avizo., Renatech Network, ANR-11-IDEX-0003,IPS,Idex Paris-Saclay(2011), ANR-17-CE31-0004,CLASSY,Composition des surfaces du Système Solaire de bas albédo(2017), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centrale de Micro Nano Fabrication - IEMN (CMNF-IEMN), and Kyoto University [Kyoto]
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Geophysics, X-ray microtomography, Materials science, Meteorite, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Mineralogy, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; In the near future, a new generation of sample return missions (Hayabusa2, OSIRIS-REx, MMX, etc.) will collect samples from small solar system bodies. To maximize the scientific outcome of laboratory studies and minimize the loss of precious extraterrestrial samples, an analytical sequence from less destructive to more destructive techniques needs to be established. In this work, we present a combined X-ray and IR microtomography applied to five Itokawa particles and one fragment of the primitive carbonaceous chondrite Paris. We show that this analytical approach is able to provide a 3-D physical and chemical characterization of individual extraterrestrial particles, using the measurement of their 3-D structure and porosity, and the detection of mineral and organic phases, and their spatial co-localization in 3-D. We propose these techniques as an efficient first step in a multitechnique analytical sequence on microscopic samples collected by space missions.
Published: 2020

9. Inner southern magnetosphere observation of Mercury via SERENA ion sensors in BepiColombo mission

Author: S. Orsini, A. Milillo, H. Lichtenegger, A. Varsani, S. Barabash, S. Livi, E. De Angelis, T. Alberti, G. Laky, H. Nilsson, M. Phillips, A. Aronica, E. Kallio, P. Wurz, A. Olivieri, C. Plainaki, J. A. Slavin, I. Dandouras, J. M. Raines, J. Benkhoff, J. Zender, J.-J. Berthelier, M. Dosa, G. C. Ho, R. M. Killen, S. McKenna-Lawlor, K. Torkar, O. Vaisberg, F. Allegrini, I. A. Daglis, C. Dong, C. P. Escoubet, S. Fatemi, M. Fränz, S. Ivanovski, N. Krupp, H. Lammer, François Leblanc, V. Mangano, A. Mura, R. Rispoli, M. Sarantos, H. T. Smith, M. Wieser, F. Camozzi, A. M. Di Lellis, G. Fremuth, F. Giner, R. Gurnee, J. Hayes, H. Jeszenszky, B. Trantham, J. Balaz, W. Baumjohann, M. Cantatore, D. Delcourt, M. Delva, M. Desai, H. Fischer, A. Galli, M. Grande, M. Holmström, I. Horvath, K. C. Hsieh, R. Jarvinen, R. E. Johnson, A. Kazakov, K. Kecskemety, H. Krüger, C. Kürbisch, Frederic Leblanc, M. Leichtfried, E. Mangraviti, S. Massetti, D. Moissenko, M. Moroni, R. Noschese, F. Nuccilli, N. Paschalidis, J. Ryno, K. Seki, A. Shestakov, S. Shuvalov, R. Sordini, F. Stenbeck, J. Svensson, S. Szalai, K. Szego, D. Toublanc, N. Vertolli, R. Wallner, A. Vorburger, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering [Espoo], School of Electrical Engineering [Aalto Univ], Aalto University-Aalto University, Physics Institute [Bern], University of Bern, Italian Space Agency, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Space Technology Ireland Limited, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), UTSA Department of Physics and Astronomy [San Antonio], The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Hellenic Space Center (HSC), Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton University, Department of Astrophysical Sciences [Princeton], Department of Physics [Umeå], Umeå University, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), OHB-Italia SpA, AMDL srl, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Institute of Experimental Physics SAS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Aberystwyth University, University of Arizona, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), University of Virginia [Charlottesville], Laboratory for Plasma Physics (LPP), Ecole Royale Militaire / Koninklijke Militaire School (ERM KMS), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [Tokyo], Graduate School of Science [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), National Institute for Astrophysics, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Uppsala University, Southwest Research Institute, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Université de Toulouse, European Space Research and Technology Centre, Observatoire de Paris, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Space Technology Ireland, Ltd., Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA/ESTEC), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, UMR7095, AMDL Srl, University of Colorado Boulder, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Université d'Orléans, Johns Hopkins University, Institutet för rymdfysik, Esa Kallio Group, University of Virginia, Université Paris-Saclay, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Finnish Meteorological Institute, The University of Tokyo, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, IRAP, Universität Bern - University of Bern, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), and Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS)
Subjects: Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, Multidisciplinary, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, General Chemistry, 000 Computer science, knowledge & systems, 620 Engineering, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract: Mercury’s southern inner magnetosphere is an unexplored region as it was not observed by earlier space missions. In October 2021, BepiColombo mission has passed through this region during its first Mercury flyby. Here, we describe the observations of SERENA ion sensors nearby and inside Mercury’s magnetosphere. An intermittent high-energy signal, possibly due to an interplanetary magnetic flux rope, has been observed downstream Mercury, together with low energy solar wind. Low energy ions, possibly due to satellite outgassing, were detected outside the magnetosphere. The dayside magnetopause and bow-shock crossing were much closer to the planet than expected, signature of a highly eroded magnetosphere. Different ion populations have been observed inside the magnetosphere, like low latitude boundary layer at magnetopause inbound and partial ring current at dawn close to the planet. These observations are important for understanding the weak magnetosphere behavior so close to the Sun, revealing details never reached before.
Published: 2022

10. Investigating Mercury's Environment with the Two-Spacecraft BepiColombo Mission

Author: Oleg Korablev, M. Fujimoto, Léa Griton, Cesare Grava, Masafumi Hirahara, Hirotsugu Kojima, S. Barabash, Wolfgang Baumjohann, A. Martindale, Chuanfei Dong, François Leblanc, Chris Carr, S. T. Lindsay, Yasumasa Kasaba, M. Kobayashi, Herbert Lichtenegger, Philippe-A. Bourdin, Karri Muinonen, J. S. Oliveira, Jan-Erik Wahlund, Ferdinand Plaschke, Christina Plainaki, S. M. P. McKenna-Lawlor, Dominique Delcourt, Eric Quémerais, Xianzhe Jia, Dusan Odstrcil, James A. Slavin, V. Mangano, M. G. Pelizzo, Benoit Langlais, Joe Zender, Emma J. Bunce, Ichiro Yoshikawa, Peter Wurz, Stavro Ivanovski, Stefano Massetti, George C. Ho, Y. Saito, Juhani Huovelin, Suzanne M. Imber, Sae Aizawa, Alessandro Mura, Jim M. Raines, Ayako Matsuoka, F. Sahraoui, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, Pierre Henri, Rami Vainio, Matthew K. James, Rosemary M. Killen, Stefano Orsini, Shahab Fatemi, Tomas Karlsson, Monica Laurenza, Esa Kallio, Christoph Lhotka, Michiko Morooka, Johannes Benkhoff, David A. Rothery, Yasuhito Narita, Michel Moncuquet, Anna Milillo, Alexey A. Berezhnoy, Satoshi Yagitani, Adam Masters, F. Califano, Manuel Grande, Stefano Livi, Daniel Heyner, Emilia Kilpua, G. Murakami, Jan Deca, S. de la Fuente, R. Moissl, Bernard V. Jackson, Kanako Seki, N. André, M. Dósa, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Space Research Centre [Leicester], University of Leicester, Department of Space and Plasma Physics [Stockholm], KTH School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH )-Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Space Technology Ireland Limited, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Sternberg Astronomical Institute [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, University of Colorado [Boulder], European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton University, Department of Astrophysical Sciences [Princeton], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering [Espoo], School of Electrical Engineering [Aalto Univ], Aalto University-Aalto University, Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center [Sendai] (PPARC), Tohoku University [Sendai], Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Planetary Exploration Research Center [Chiba] (PERC), Chiba Institute of Technology (CIT), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Centro de Investigação da Terra e do Espaço da UC (CITEUC), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Italian Space Agency, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [Tokyo], Graduate School of Science [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Space Research Laboratory [Turku] (SRL), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Turku], University of Turku-University of Turku, Physics Institute [Bern], University of Bern, Department of Physics [Imperial College London], Institute of Mathematical and Physical Sciences [Aberystwyth], University of Wales, Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research [Nagoya] (ISEE), Nagoya University, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Graduate School of the Natural Science and Technology [Kanazawa], Kanazawa University (KU), Department of Complexity Science and Engineering [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), European Space Agency (ESA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), University of California, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), The Royal Society, Science and Technology Facilities Council, INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, European Space Research and Technology Centre, IRAP, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Technical University of Braunschweig, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Space Technology Ireland, Open University Milton Keynes, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, University of Pisa, University of Colorado Boulder, European Space Astronomy Centre, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Southwest Research Institute, Uppsala University, Université d'Orléans, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, University of California San Diego, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Tohoku University, University of Helsinki, Chiba Institute of Technology, Université de Nantes, Sorbonne Université, University of Graz, National Research Council of Italy, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, The University of Tokyo, University of Turku, Aberystwyth University, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Kanazawa University, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, BepiColombo, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mercury’s environment, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, Interplanetary dust cloud, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Exosphere, Magnetosphere, Aerospace engineering, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Scientific instrument, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Spacecraft, business.industry, 520 Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, Mercury (element), Solar wind, Planetary science, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Mercury's environment, Mercury’s environment · Magnetosphere · Exosphere · BepiColombo, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission will provide simultaneous measurements from two spacecraft, offering an unprecedented opportunity to investigate magnetospheric and exospheric dynamics at Mercury as well as their interactions with the solar wind, radiation, and interplanetary dust. Many scientific instruments onboard the two spacecraft will be completely, or partially devoted to study the near-space environment of Mercury as well as the complex processes that govern it. Many issues remain unsolved even after the MESSENGER mission that ended in 2015. The specific orbits of the two spacecraft, MPO and Mio, and the comprehensive scientific payload allow a wider range of scientific questions to be addressed than those that could be achieved by the individual instruments acting alone, or by previous missions. These joint observations are of key importance because many phenomena in Mercury's environment are highly temporally and spatially variable. Examples of possible coordinated observations are described in this article, analysing the required geometrical conditions, pointing, resolutions and operation timing of different BepiColombo instruments sensors., Comment: 78 pages, 14 figures, published
Published: 2022
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11. Magnetic reconnection as a mechanism to produce multiple thermal proton populations and beams locally in the solar wind

Author: B. Lavraud, R. Kieokaew, N. Fargette, P. Louarn, A. Fedorov, N. André, G. Fruit, V. Génot, V. Réville, A. P. Rouillard, I. Plotnikov, E. Penou, A. Barthe, L. Prech, C. J. Owen, R. Bruno, F. Allegrini, M. Berthomier, D. Kataria, S. Livi, J. M. Raines, R. D’Amicis, J. P. Eastwood, C. Froment, R. Laker, M. Maksimovic, F. Marcucci, S. Perri, D. Perrone, T. D. Phan, D. Stansby, J. Stawarz, S. Toledo-Redondo, A. Vaivads, D. Verscharen, I. Zouganelis, V. Angelini, V. Evans, T. S. Horbury, H. O’Brien, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AKKA Technologies, Charles University [Prague] (CU), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Imperial College London, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] (Unical), Italian Space Agency, Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and The Royal Society
Subjects: astro-ph.SR, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Proton, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Physics - Space Physics, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Sun: magnetic fields, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Magnetic reconnection, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Solar wind, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, solar wind, physics.space-ph, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Mechanism (sociology)
Abstract: Context.Spacecraft data revealed early on the frequent observation of multiple near-thermal proton populations in the solar wind. Decades of research on their origin have focused on processes such as magnetic reconnection in the low corona and wave-particle interactions in the corona and locally in the solar wind.Aims.This study aims to highlight the fact that such multiple thermal proton populations and beams are also produced by magnetic reconnection occurring locally in the solar wind.Methods.We used high-resolution Solar Orbiter proton velocity distribution function measurements, complemented by electron and magnetic field data, to analyze the association of multiple thermal proton populations and beams with magnetic reconnection during a period of slow Alfvénic solar wind on 16 July 2020.Results.At least six reconnecting current sheets with associated multiple thermal proton populations and beams, including a case of magnetic reconnection at a switchback boundary, were found on this day. This represents 2% of the measured distribution functions. We discuss how this proportion may be underestimated, and how it may depend on solar wind type and distance from the Sun.Conclusions.Although suggesting a likely small contribution, but which remains to be quantitatively assessed, Solar Orbiter observations show that magnetic reconnection must be considered as one of the mechanisms that produce multiple thermal proton populations and beams locally in the solar wind.
Published: 2021

12. The spectral imaging facility: Setup characterization

Author: Mugnuolo, Raffaele [Italian Space Agency, ASI, Spatial Geodesy Center, Matera (Italy)]
Published: 2015
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13. The surface of (4) Vesta in visible light as seen by Dawn/VIR

Author: Federico Tosi, S. Fonte, C. T. Russel, M. C. De Sanctis, Filippo Giacomo Carrozzo, Batiste Rousseau, Carol A. Raymond, Mauro Ciarniello, Eleonora Ammannito, P. Scarica, Andrea Raponi, Alessandro Frigeri, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Italian Space Agency, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California, and ASI-INAF grant I/004/12/0
Subjects: asteroids, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Infrared, Lithology, data analysis, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, imaging spectroscopy, 01 natural sciences, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Impact crater, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Spectrometer, Surfaces - satellites of asteroids, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Meteorite, (4) Vesta -planets and satellites, Space and Planetary Science, Asteroid, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Radiance, Geology, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Visible spectrum
Abstract: We analyzed the surface of Vesta at visible wavelengths, using the data of the Visible and InfraRed mapping spectrometer (VIR) on board the Dawn spacecraft. We mapped the variations of various spectral parameters on the entire surface of the asteroid, and also derived a map of the lithology. We took advantage of the recent corrected VIR visible data to map the radiance factor at 550 nm, three color composites, two spectral slopes, and a band area parameter relative to the 930 nm crystal field signature in pyroxene. Using the howardite-eucrite-diogenite (HED) meteorites data as a reference, we derived the lithology of Vesta using the variations of the 930 nm and 506 nm (spin-forbidden) band centers observed in the VIR dataset. Our spectral parameters highlight a significant spectral diversity at the surface of Vesta. This diversity is mainly evidenced by impact craters and illustrates the heterogeneous subsurface and upper crust of Vesta. Impact craters also participate directly in this spectral diversity by bringing dark exogenous material to an almost entire hemisphere. Our derived lithology agrees with previous results obtained using a combination of infrared and visible data. We therefore demonstrate that it is possible to obtain crucial mineralogical information from visible wavelengths alone. In addition to the 506 nm band, we identified the 550 nm spin-forbidden one. As reported by a laboratory study for synthetic pyroxenes, we also do not observe any shift of the band center of this feature across the surface of Vesta, and thus across different mineralogies, preventing use of the 550 nm spin-forbidden band for the lithology derivation. Finally, the largest previously identified olivine rich-spot shows a peculiar behavior in two color composites but not in the other spectral parameters., Comment: 23 pages, 11+7 figures
Published: 2021

14. Volatiles and Refractories in Surface-Bounded Exospheres in the Inner Solar System

Author: Alexey A. Berezhnoy, Rosemary M. Killen, Jasper Halekas, B. D. Teolis, Cesare Grava, Masaki N. Nishino, Jim M. Raines, Mehdi Benna, Christina Plainaki, Audrey Vorburger, François Leblanc, Ronald J. Vervack, Menelaos Sarantos, Orenthal J. Tucker, Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), University of Maryland [Baltimore], Sternberg Astronomical Institute [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Institute of Physics [Kazan] (IoP), Kazan Federal University (KFU), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Iowa City], University of Iowa [Iowa City], HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Italian Space Agency, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], and Open Access funding provided by Universität Bern. Grava was supported by LRO, funded by NASA through contract NNG05EC87C. Berezhnoy was supported by RFBR grant No. 18-03-00726. Halekas was supported by SSERVI and NASA grant 80NSSC20K0311. Raines was supported by the NASA Discovery Data Analysis Program, grants NNX15AL01G and 80NSSC19K0204. Vervack was supported by NASA grant 80NSSC18K0857 (subcontract to JH-APL).
Subjects: Volatiles, Solar System, Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Solar wind, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Article, Astrobiology, Physics::Geophysics, Neon, Neutrals, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Moon, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Helium, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ions, Argon, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Refractories, Noble gas, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mercury, Planetary science, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Magnetosphere, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Exosphere
Abstract: Volatiles and refractories represent the two end-members in the volatility range of species in any surface-bounded exosphere. Volatiles include elements that do not interact strongly with the surface, such as neon (detected on the Moon) and helium (detected both on the Moon and at Mercury), but also argon, a noble gas (detected on the Moon) that surprisingly adsorbs at the cold lunar nighttime surface. Refractories include species such as calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum, all of which have very strong bonds with the lunar surface and thus need energetic processes to be ejected into the exosphere. Here we focus on the properties of species that have been detected in the exospheres of inner Solar System bodies, specifically the Moon and Mercury, and how they provide important information to understand source and loss processes of these exospheres, as well as their dependence on variations in external drivers.
Published: 2021

15. Simulations numériques sur les cas test de contrôle actif du tremblement transsonique

Author: Julien Dandois, Hans Maseland, Mauro Minervino, Jochen Wild, Vitaly Soudakov, Petr Vrchota, Stefan Wallin, Fulvio Sartor, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Meudon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, DLR Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Department of Mechanics (KTH), Netherlands Aerospace Centre (NLR), Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TSAGI), Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute, and Aeronautical Research and Test Institute (VZLU)
Subjects: TRAILING EDGE DEVICE, Computer science, RANS, Flow (psychology), Aerospace Engineering, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, FLOW CONTROL, Computational fluid dynamics, 01 natural sciences, BUFFET, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], benchmark, buffet control, 0203 mechanical engineering, Flight envelope, 0103 physical sciences, Trailing edge, Transportflugzeuge, AFLONEXT, Aerospace engineering, [PHYS]Physics [physics], TRANSONIC BUFFET, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, business.industry, TREMBLEMENT, Aerodynamics, Lift (force), Flow control (fluid), CFD, business, Transonic
Abstract: International audience; This paper will present the main results of the aerodynamic design and analysis for flow control applied to trailing edge of wings and profiles. This work has been conducted in the framework of the European project AFLoNext aiming at developing technologies allowing for an improvement of the performance and loads situation in the operational domain. The technologies are expected to provide an increase in aerodynamic efficiency and a structural weight reduction for the design flight conditions with a potential for 1-2% fuel savings and corresponding emission reduction. Numerical simulations are performed on 2D and 3D test cases. Where available, a comparison with experimental data is performed. High-speed flow is considered, in order to investigate a transonic configuration representative of cruise conditions. Trailing edge devices (TED) such as fluidic Gurney flaps or micro-jets for circulation control are used for assessing the possibility of delaying the buffet onset or increasing the maximum achievable lift, thus extending the flight envelope of an aircraft. The purpose of the present paper is to present the result of the work performed by the different partners involved in the project.
Published: 2019

16. Exploring the Shallow Subsurface of Mars with the Ma_MISS Spectrometer on the ExoMars Rover Rosalind Franklin

Author: M. C. De Sanctis, F. Altieri, E. Ammannito, S. De Angelis, B. Ehlmann, M. Ferrari, A. Frigeri, S. Fonte, M. Formisano, M. Giardino, A. Apuzzo, J. Brossier, N. Costa, L. Rossi, G. Vizzini, G. V. Ciarletti, F. Westall, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Italian Space Agency, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Dipartimento di Scienze [Roma], Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cardon, Catherine
Subjects: [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract: An essential part of the Exomars 2022 payload is the Mars Multispectral Imager for Subsurface Studies (Ma_MISS) experiment hosted by the drill system. Ma_MISS is a visible and near-infrared (0.4–2.3 μm) miniaturized spectrometer with an optical head inside the drill tip capable of observing the drill borehole with a spatial resolution of 120 μm. Here we report on how the Ma_MISS hyperspectral information provides in situ investigation of the subsurface at very fine resolution, prior to the collection of the samples that will be manipulated and crushed for further analysis by the analytical laboratory on the rover. Ma_MISS is the instrument that will closely investigate the subsurface mineralogical characteristics in its original geologic context at depths never reached before in Mars exploration. Ma_MISS recognizes all the major spectral features of the clays, basaltic, and minor phases expected at the ExoMars landing site, Oxia Planum. The high spatial resolution on the borehole wall is such that single grains of about 100 μm can be distinguishable in the assemblage of minerals observed by Ma_MISS. The spatial distribution of the mineralogies within the borehole walls is associated with the rocks and the processes that put these materials in place and possibly altered them with time, characterizing the habitats found in the stratigraphic record, indicating which ones are the most suitable to have held or to be holding nowadays traces of life.
Published: 2022

17. Ma_MISS ON EXOMARS ROVER: THE INVESTIGATION OF THE MARTIAN SUB-SURFACE

Author: De Sanctis, M., Altieri, F., Ammannito, E., De Angelis, S., Ferrari, M., Fonte, S., Formisano, M., Frigeri, A., Giardino, M., Mugnuolo, R., Pirrotta, S., Di Iorio, T., Capaccioni, F., Capria, M. T., Ciarletti, Valérie, Elhamnn, B., Lavagna, M., Ercoli Finzi, A., Federico, C., Magni, G., Piccioni, G., Westall, F, Stephan, K., Cousin, C., Bibring, Jean-Pierre, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Italian Space Agency, Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), University of St Andrews [Scotland], Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardon, Catherine, Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile = Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES)
Subjects: Planetengeologie, [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Exomars MaMISS
Abstract: International audience; The main goal of the Ma_MISS instrument is to study the Martian sub-surface environment. Access to the Martian subsurface is crucial to constrain nature, timing and duration of alteration and sedimentation processes on Mars, as well as habitability conditions. Subsurface deposits likely host and preserve water ice and hydrated materials diagnostic for understanding the water geochemical environment (both in the liquid and solid state) at the landing site.
Published: 2021

18. SERENA: Particle Instrument Suite for Determining the Sun-Mercury Interaction from BepiColombo

Author: Hans Nilsson, R. S. Gurnee, Wolfgang Baumjohann, Howard Smith, Menelaos Sarantos, Mark Phillips, Iannis Dandouras, S. Shuvalov, V. Grishin, D. Moissenko, Stavro Ivanovski, Johan Svensson, John Hayes, Markus Fränz, Stefano Orsini, Francesco Lazzarotto, S. Persyn, Stefano Selci, Rosemary M. Killen, S. M. P. McKenna-Lawlor, V. Mangano, Diana Gamborino, Sándor Szalai, B. Trantham, P. Wilson, M. Oja, M. Cantatore, François Leblanc, Peter Wurz, H. Jeszenszky, Dominique Delcourt, Chuanfei Dong, Helmut Lammer, A. Shestakov, A. Aronica, A. Loose, S. Barabash, H. Fischer, E. De Angelis, M. Famá, M. Wieser, C. Nunez, Harald Krüger, Kerrington D. Smith, George C. Ho, G. Laky, L. Cremonesi, Mats Holmström, Manuel Grande, C. Kürbisch, Raffaella Noschese, D. Toublanc, Fabio Camozzi, C. P. Escoubet, L. Szalai, Francesco Mattioli, P. Wahlstroem, D. Maschietti, James A. Slavin, N. Vertolli, L. Colasanti, Frederic Allegrini, F. Giner, Jean-Jacques Berthelier, W. C. Gibson, Roberto Leoni, Dennis Haggerty, Stefano Massetti, Fabrizio Nuccilli, R. Wallner, S. Zampieri, Anna Milillo, Magda Delva, G. Fremuth, A. M. Di Lellis, Raymond Goldstein, Sara Cibella, Esa Kallio, Greg Miller, Walter Schmidt, Alessandro Gaggero, J. A. Scheer, M. I. Desai, Philippe Garnier, U. Bührke, Shahab Fatemi, Karoly Kecskemety, D. Brienza, Marco D'Alessandro, Adrian Kazakov, M. Leichtfried, Karoly Szego, Stefano Livi, A. Olivieri, F. Tominetti, A. D. Jacques, Alfredo Morbidini, Istvan Dr Horvath, Nikolaos Paschalidis, Daniele Piazza, Ioannis A. Daglis, Alessandro Mura, C. Urdiales, Herbert Lichtenegger, Christina Plainaki, Jim M. Raines, J. Balaz, Rosanna Rispoli, K. C. Hsieh, Kanako Seki, F. Leblanc, Roberto Sordini, J. Ryno, O. L. Vaisberg, A. Varsani, M. D. Bush, Klaus Torkar, M. Ferris, G. Cremonese, Robert E. Johnson, Norbert Krupp, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Italian Space Agency, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Physics Institute [Bern], University of Bern, HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering [Espoo], School of Electrical Engineering [Aalto Univ], Aalto University-Aalto University, Space Technology Ireland Limited, Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Department of Physics [Athens], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton University, Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC (RSSD), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Institut für Weltraumforschung = Space Research institute [Graz] (IWF), Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto di Struttura della Materia (CNR-ISM), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica [ARGENTINA] (CNEA), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Institute of Mathematical and Physical Sciences [Aberystwyth], University of Wales, University of Arizona, Department of Materials Science and Engineering [Charlottesville] (MS), University of Virginia, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [Tokyo], Graduate School of Science [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), EISCAT Scientific Association [Sweden], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Institut für Weltraumforschung [Graz] (IWF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Universität Bern [Bern], University of Virginia [Charlottesville], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), National Institute for Astrophysics, Southwest Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Uppsala University, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, UMR7095, IRAP, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Space Technology Ireland, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, United States Department of Energy, European Space Research and Technology Centre, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, AMDL Srl, University of Colorado Boulder, Slovak Academy of Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Université d'Orléans, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Aberystwyth University, Université Paris-Saclay, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Tofwerk AG, The University of Tokyo, EISCAT Headquarters, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Article, Astrobiology, law.invention, Particle instrumentation, Mercury’s environment, Orbiter, Interplanetary dust cloud, law, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, BepiColombo space mission, Neutral particle, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Spacecraft, business.industry, 520 Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, Mercury (element), Solar wind, Planetary science, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Physics::Space Physics, Environmental science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business
Abstract: The ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission to Mercury will provide simultaneous measurements from two spacecraft, offering an unprecedented opportunity to investigate magnetospheric and exospheric particle dynamics at Mercury as well as their interactions with solar wind, solar radiation, and interplanetary dust. The particle instrument suite SERENA (Search for Exospheric Refilling and Emitted Natural Abundances) is flying in space on-board the BepiColombo Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and is the only instrument for ion and neutral particle detection aboard the MPO. It comprises four independent sensors: ELENA for neutral particle flow detection, Strofio for neutral gas detection, PICAM for planetary ions observations, and MIPA, mostly for solar wind ion measurements. SERENA is managed by a System Control Unit located inside the ELENA box. In the present paper the scientific goals of this suite are described, and then the four units are detailed, as well as their major features and calibration results. Finally, the SERENA operational activities are shown during the orbital path around Mercury, with also some reference to the activities planned during the long cruise phase.
Published: 2021

19. Feasibility of satellite-to-ground continuous-variable quantum key distribution

Author: Paolo Villoresi, Anthony Leverrier, Giuseppe Vallone, Victor Roman Rodriguez, Daniele Dequal, Luis Trigo Vidarte, Eleni Diamanti, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Information Quantique [LIP6] (QI), LIP6, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Optique Quantique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Cryptologie symétrique, cryptologie fondée sur les codes et information quantique (COSMIQ), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), We acknowledge support from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No.820466 (CiViQ) and from the European COST Action MP1403' Nanoscale Quantum Optics'. VRR acknowledges support from the DGA. DD acknowledges support from the Italian Space Agency., and Universita degli Studi di Padova
Subjects: Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, QC1-999, Distributed computing, FOS: Physical sciences, Quantum key distribution, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Secure communication, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], Encoding (memory), 0103 physical sciences, Telecommunications link, Computer Science (miscellaneous), 010306 general physics, Quantum information science, Key exchange, Quantum Physics, business.industry, Physics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics, QA75.5-76.95, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Transmission (telecommunications), Electronic computers. Computer science, Orbit (dynamics), Quantum Physics (quant-ph), business
Abstract: Establishing secure communication links at a global scale is a major potential application of quantum information science but also extremely challenging for the underlying technology. While milestone experiments using satellite-to-ground links and exploiting singe-photon encoding for implementing quantum key distribution have shown recently that this goal is achievable, it is still necessary to further investigate practical solutions compatible with classical optical communication systems. Here we examine the feasibility of establishing secret keys in a satellite-to-ground downlink configuration using continuous-variable encoding, which can be implemented using standard telecommunication components certified for space environment and able to operate at high symbol rates. Considering a realistic channel model and state-of-the-art technology, and exploiting an orbit subdivision technique for mitigating fluctuations in the transmission efficiency, we find positive secret key rates for a low-Earth-orbit scenario, while finite-size effects can be a limiting factor for higher orbits. Our analysis determines regions of values for important experimental parameters where secret key exchange is possible and can be used as a guideline for experimental efforts in this direction., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2021

20. An improved study of HCO+ and He system: Interaction potential, collisional relaxation, and pressure broadening

Author: Luca Dore, Luca Bizzocchi, Francesca Tonolo, Vincenzo Barone, Cristina Puzzarini, Mattia Melosso, François Lique, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (SNS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bologna (RFO funds), Italian Space Agency (ASI) Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) [2019-3-U.0], Institut Universitaire de France, program National 'Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire' (PCMI) of CNRS/INSU, INC/INP, CEA French Atomic Energy Commission, CNES Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), program National \'Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire\' (PCMI) of CNRS/INSU, Tonolo F., Bizzocchi L., Melosso M., Lique F., Dore L., Barone V., and Puzzarini C.
Subjects: Work (thermodynamics), Atomic and molecular collision, Abundance (chemistry), FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Interaction potential, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, collisional relaxation, Ion, pressure broadening, 0103 physical sciences, Scattering parameters, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Quantum dynamics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010304 chemical physics, Scattering, quantum-chemical calculations, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, HCO+ and He system, Interstellar medium, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Potential energy surface, Relaxation (physics), Atomic and molecular collisions, Atomic physics, Molecular physics
Abstract: In light of its ubiquitous presence in the interstellar gas, the chemistry and reactivity of the HCO+ ion requires special attention. The availability of up-to-date collisional data between this ion and the most abundant perturbing species in the interstellar medium is a critical resource in order to derive reliable values of its molecular abundance from astronomical observations. This work intends to provide improved scattering parameters for the HCO+ and He collisional system. We have tested the accuracy of explicitly correlated coupled-cluster methods for mapping the short- and long-range multi-dimensional potential energy surface of atom-ion systems. A validation of the methodology employed for the calculation of the potential well has been obtained from the comparison with experimentally derived bound-state spectroscopic parameters. Finally, by solving the close-coupling scattering equations, we have derived the pressure broadening and shift coefficients for the first six rotational transitions of HCO+ as well as inelastic state-to-state transition rates up to j = 5 in the 5-100 K temperature interval., 8 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2021

21. Design of the Actuation System for the Hexafly-Int Hypersonic Glider

Author: Andro, Jean-Yves, Rotärmel, Waldemar, Nebula, Francesco, Morani, Gianfranco, Steelant, Johan, DTIS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Stuttgart] (DLR), Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), and André, Cécile
Subjects: ACTUATOR, ACTIONNEUR, MATERIAU COMPOSITE MATRICE CERAMIQUE, CMC, SYSTEME CONTROLE THERMIQUE, CHAINE ACTIONNEMENT, ELEVON, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, MANAGEMENT THERMIQUE, ACTUATION SYSTEM, SYSTEME PROTECTION THERMIQUE, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation
Abstract: International audience; This paper describes the design process of the Actuation System for the HEXAFLY-Int hypersonic glider, composed by two control surfaces, hereafter named elevons. In the first part, the high-level architecture of the Actuation System is presented. Then, the requirements generation process is briefly laid out; attention is paid to the procedure used to obtain a reference trajectory compliant with both the mission requirements and the maximum hinge moment not to exceed, coming from the experimental tests. The second part deals with the mechanical design of the Actuation System of each control surface, which is mainly composed of a servo-actuator, a titanium actuation lane, a CMC torsion bar – elevon assembly. A particular attention is dedicated to the innovative design of the torsion bar in terms of CMC manufacturing and mechanical interface with the actuation lane to increase the maximum hinge moment and to minimize its torsional thermo-mechanical deformation for an easier control of the vehicle. This paper concludes with the results of the preliminary ground tests of the torsion bar – elevon assembly.
Published: 2019

22. A CFD benchmark of active flow control for buffet prevention

Author: Sartor, Fulvio, Minervino, Mauro, Wild, Jochen, Wallin, Stefan, Maseland, Hans, Dandois, Julien, Soudakov, Vitaly, Vrchota, Petr, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Meudon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, DLR Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Department of Mechanics (KTH), Netherlands Aerospace Centre (NLR), Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TSAGI), Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute, and Aeronautical Research and Test Institute (VZLU)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], TRANSONIC BUFFET, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], TRAILING EDGE DEVICE, RANS, TREMBLEMENT, FLOW CONTROL, AFLONEXT, BUFFET
Abstract: International audience; This paper will present the main results of the aerodynamic design and analysis for flow control applied to trailing edge of wings and profiles. This work has been conducted in the framework of the European project AFLoNext aiming at developing technologies allowing for an improvement of the performance and loads situation in the operational domain. The technologies are expected to provide an increase in aerodynamic efficiency and a structural weight reduction for the design flight conditions with a potential for 1-2% fuel savings and corresponding emission reduction. Numerical simulations are performed on 2D and 3D test cases. Where available, a comparison with experimental data is performed. High-speed flow is considered, in order to investigate a transonic configuration representative of cruise conditions. Trailing edge devices (TED) such as fluidic Gurney flaps or micro-jets for circulation control are used for assessing the possibility of delaying the buffet onset or increasing the maximum achievable lift, thus extending the flight envelope of an aircraft. The purpose of the present paper is to present the result of the work performed by the different partners involved in the project.
Published: 2019

23. Innovative Methods and Products of the ' Urbanization and Artificialization' Scientific Expertise Centre

Author: Puissant, Anne, Le Bris, Arnaud, Thierion, Vincent, Corpetti, Thomas, Catry, Thibault, Gadal, Sébastien, Briottet, Xavier, Cression, Rémy, Baghdadi, Nicolas, Sellé, Arnaud, Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut de Modélisation et d'Analyses en géo-environnement et santé - Espace Développement (IMAGES-Espace DEV), UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), CNES THEIA CES Artificialisation-Urbanisation, European Space Agency - Italian Space Agency - European Commission, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Europe, [SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics, Land data service, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Sentinel 2, Urban land cover, Sentinel 1, Urbanisation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Remote sensing, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, THEIA
Abstract: International audience; The THEIA Land Data and Services Centre (www.theia-land.fr) is a consortium of 12 French public institutions involved in Earth observation and environmental sciences (CEA, CEREMA, CIRAD, CNES, IGN, INRA, CNRS, IRD, Irstea, Météo France, AgroParisTech, and ONERA). THEIA has been initiated in 2012 with the objective of increasing the use of space data by the scientific community and the public actors. THEIA structured the French scientific community 1) through a mutualized Service and Data Infrastructure (SDI) distributed between several centers, allowing access to a variety of products; 2) through the setup of Regional Animation Networks (RAN) to federate and animate users (scientists and public / private actors) and 3) through Scientific Expertise Centres (SEC) clustering virtual research groups on a thematic domain. One of this SEC is the "Urbanization and Artificialization” Centre clustering experts in multi-sensor urban remote sensing. THEIA in collaboration with ODATIS (Data and Service for the Ocean), ForM@Ter (Data and Service for the Solid Earth), and AERIS (Data and Service for the Atmosphere) form the "Earth System" Research Infrastructure. The objective of this poster is to present recent (>2016) innovations of the URBAN SEC in terms of (1) development of algorithms useful for urban remote sensing using optical and SAR sensors, (2) validation of the urban products provided by the THEIA Land Service and Data Infrastructure, and (3) demonstration of user-tailored applications for urban studies. The Urban Expert Centre brings together researchers and engineers from several institutes: LIVE - Strasbourg, IGN-LaSTIG - Univ. Paris Est, CESBIO – Toulouse, LETG - Rennes, Irstea – Montpellier, TETIS - Montpellier, INP Bordeaux, IRD, ESPACE-DEV - Montpellier, ESPACE - Nice, ONERA. Research results and methods linked to (1) the detection and mapping of the urban footprint at an annual frequency; (2) the identification of urban fabrics, (3) the mapping of green networks within the cities. In parallel, the group proposes to summarize and identify relevant indicators (parameters) dedicated to urban planning and management.
Published: 2019

24. Accretion in strong field gravity with eXTP

Author: De Rosa, Alessandra, Uttley, Phil, Gou, Lijun, Liu, Yuan, Bambi, Cosimo, Barret, Didier, Belloni, Tomaso, Berti, Emanuele, Bianchi, Stefano, Caiazzo, Ilaria, Casella, Piergiorgio, Feroci, Marco, Ferrari, Valeria, Gualtieri, Leonardo, Heyl, Jeremy, Ingram, Adam, Karas, Vladimir, Lu, Fangjun, Luo, Bin, Matt, Giorgio, Motta, Sara, Neilsen, Joseph, Pani, Paolo, Santangelo, Andrea, Shu, Xinwen, Wang, Junfeng, Wang, Jian-Min, Xue, Yongquan, Xu, Yupeng, Yuan, Weimin, Yuan, Yefei, Zhang, Shuang-Nan, Zhang, Shu, Agudo, Ivan, Amati, Lorenzo, Andersson, Nils, Baglio, Cristina, Bakala, Pavel, Baykal, Altan, Bhattacharyya, Sudip, Bombaci, Ignazio, Bucciantini, Niccolò, Capitanio, Fiamma, Ciolfi, Riccardo, Cui, Wei K., D'Ammando, Filippo, Dauser, Thomas, Del Santo, Melania, De Marco, Barbara, Di Salvo, Tiziana, Done, Chris, Dovčiak, Michal, Fabian, Andrew C., Falanga, Maurizio, Gambino, Angelo Francesco, Gendre, Bruce, Grinberg, Victoria, Heger, Alexander, Homan, Jeroen, Iaria, Rosario, Jiang, Jiachen, Jin, Chichuan, Koerding, Elmar, Linares, Manu, Liu, Zhu, Maccarone, Thomas J., Malzac, Julien, Manousakis, Antonios, Marin, Frédéric, Marinucci, Andrea, Mehdipour, Missagh, Méndez, Mariano, Migliari, Simone, Miller, Cole, Miniutti, Giovanni, Nardini, Emanuele, O'Brien, Paul T., Osborne, Julian P., Petrucci, Pierre Olivier, Possenti, Andrea, Riggio, Alessandro, Rodriguez, Jerome, Sanna, Andrea, Shao, Lijing, Sobolewska, Malgosia, Sramkova, Eva, Stevens, Abigail L., Stiele, Holger, Stratta, Giulia, Stuchlik, Zdenek, Svoboda, Jiri, Tamburini, Fabrizio, Tauris, Thomas M., Tombesi, Francesco, Török, Gabriel, Urbanec, Martin, Vincent, Frederic, Wu, Qingwen, Yuan, Feng, in't Zand, Jean J. M., Zdziarski, Andrzej A., Zhou, Xinlin, Rosa, Alessandra De, Cui, Wei, D’Ammando, Filippo, Fabian, Andrew, Maccarone, Thomas, O’Brien, Paul, Osborne, Julian, Stevens, Abigail, Tauris, Thomas, in’ t Zand, Jean, Zdziarski, Andrzej, School of Physics and Astronomy [Southampton], University of Southampton, Sécurité des Données et des Systèmes (SDS), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale d'Orléans (LIFO), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Centre Val de Loire (INSA CVL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Centre Val de Loire (INSA CVL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Fudan University [Shanghai], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Department of Physics and Astronomy [U Mississippi], The University of Mississippi [Oxford], IASF, Area di Ricerca di Tor Vergata, Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), Lanzhou University, Dipartimento de Fisica Roma Tre (DF-Roma3), Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Sichuan University, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Medical School (University of Nanjing), Nanjing University (NJU), Faculty of Philosophy and Science, Silesian University in Opava, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Instituto di Astrofisica (IASF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Radioastronomia (IRA), Department of Physics, Durham University, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071 China, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Wuhan Branch], Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences (CAMK), Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari (OAC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Ethoikos, Radicondoli, ASI Science Data Center (ASDC), Italian Space Agency, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), eXTP, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Centre Val de Loire (INSA CVL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of High Energy Physics [Beijing], Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ASU / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE), Sichuan University [Chengdu] (SCU), U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Radioastronomia [Bologna] (IRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), De Rosa, Alessandra, Uttley, Phil, Gou, LiJun, Liu, Yuan, Bambi, Cosimo, Barret, Didier, Belloni, Tomaso, Berti, Emanuele, Bianchi, Stefano, Caiazzo, Ilaria, Casella, Piergiorgio, Feroci, Marco, Ferrari, Valeria, Gualtieri, Leonardo, Heyl, Jeremy, Ingram, Adam, Karas, Vladimir, Lu, FangJun, Luo, Bin, Matt, Giorgio, Motta, Sara, Neilsen, Joseph, Pani, Paolo, Santangelo, Andrea, Shu, XinWen, Wang, JunFeng, Wang, Jian-Min, Xue, YongQuan, Xu, YuPeng, Yuan, WeiMin, Yuan, YeFei, Zhang, Shuang-Nan, Zhang, Shu, Agudo, Ivan, Amati, Lorenzo, Andersson, Nil, Baglio, Cristina, Bakala, Pavel, Baykal, Altan, Bhattacharyya, Sudip, Bombaci, Ignazio, Bucciantini, Niccoló, Capitanio, Fiamma, Ciolfi, Riccardo, Cui, Wei K., D’Ammando, Filippo, Dauser, Thoma, Del Santo, Melania, De Marco, Barbara, Di Salvo, Tiziana, Done, Chri, Dovčiak, Michal, Fabian, Andrew C., Falanga, Maurizio, Gambino, Angelo Francesco, Gendre, Bruce, Grinberg, Victoria, Heger, Alexander, Homan, Jeroen, Iaria, Rosario, Jiang, JiaChen, Jin, ChiChuan, Koerding, Elmar, Linares, Manu, Liu, Zhu, Maccarone, Thomas J., Malzac, Julien, Manousakis, Antonio, Marin, Frédéric, Marinucci, Andrea, Mehdipour, Missagh, Méndez, Mariano, Migliari, Simone, Miller, Cole, Miniutti, Giovanni, Nardini, Emanuele, O’Brien, Paul T., Osborne, Julian P., Petrucci, Pierre Olivier, Possenti, Andrea, Riggio, Alessandro, Rodriguez, Jerome, Sanna, Andrea, Shao, LiJing, Sobolewska, Malgosia, Sramkova, Eva, Stevens, Abigail L., Stiele, Holger, Stratta, Giulia, Stuchlik, Zdenek, Svoboda, Jiri, Tamburini, Fabrizio, Tauris, Thomas M., Tombesi, Francesco, Torok, Gabriel, Urbanec, Martin, Vincent, Frederic, Wu, QingWen, Yuan, Feng, in’ t Zand, Jean J. M., Zdziarski, Andrzej A., Zhou, XinLin, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), National Science Centre, Poland (NCN), High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Rosa, Alessandra De, Gou, Lijun, Lu, Fangjun, Shu, Xinwen, Wang, Junfeng, Xue, Yongquan, Xu, Yupeng, Yuan, Weimin, Yuan, Yefei, Jiang, Jiachen, Jin, Chichuan, Shao, Lijing, Wu, Qingwen, and Zhou, Xinlin
Subjects: ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, Accretion, accretion, black holes physics, X-ray, Physics and Astronomy (all), black holes physic, Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Black holes physics, Polarimetry, FOS: Physical sciences, BLACK-HOLE SPIN, General Physics and Astronomy, Strong field, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSION, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), XMM-NEWTON, Physics, LENS-THIRRING PRECESSION, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], IRON K, Accretion (astrophysics), X ray, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ULTRA-FAST OUTFLOWS, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, SPECTRAL FEATURES, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], X-RAY BINARIES
Abstract: In this paper we describe the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission for studies related to accretion flows in the strong field gravity regime around both stellar-mass and supermassive black-holes. eXTP has the unique capability of using advanced 'spectral-timing-polarimetry' techniques to analyze the rapid variations with three orthogonal diagnostics of the flow and its geometry, yielding unprecedented insight into the inner accreting regions, the effects of strong field gravity on the material within them and the powerful outflows which are driven by the accretion process., Accepted for publication on Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. (2019)
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. NIR reflectance spectroscopy of hydrated and anhydrous sodium carbonates at different temperatures

Author: M. C. De Sanctis, P. Beck, S. Potin, S. De Angelis, Giuseppe Piccioni, Bernard Schmitt, Federico Tosi, Cristian Carli, Olivier Brissaud, Fabrizio Capaccioni, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Italian Space Agency (ASI), Centre National d'Etude Spatiale (CNES), European Project: 654208,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,EPN2020-RI(2015), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica - Roma (IASF-Roma), ITA, and FRA
Subjects: natron, Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, sodium carbonates, infrared spectra, Analytical chemistry, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Infrared spectroscopy, low temperature, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Europa satellite, 0103 physical sciences, carbonate salts, Spectroscopy, Enceladus, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Natron, Ceres asteroid, Astronomy and Astrophysics, minerals, Thermonatrite, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Reflectance spectra measurements, thermonatrite, Anhydrous, Carbonate, Sodium carbonate, natrite
Abstract: Recent space-based observations have revealed or suggested the existence of various types of carbonate salts in several Solar System bodies, such as Mars, Ceres, Enceladus, and Europa. Natrite is the main component of the crater Occator's faculae observed in detail by the Dawn spacecraft on the dwarf planet Ceres. Sodium carbonates are thought to form as precipitates in brines, originating in aqueous environments in the subsurface of Ceres and icy bodies. Here we report about near-infrared (0.8-4.2 μm) reflectance spectroscopic investigations on three compounds, namely natrite (anhydrous Na2CO3), monohydrated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3∙H2O, thermonatrite) and decahydrate sodium carbonate (Na2CO3∙10H2O, natron). Spectral measurements have been carried out in the overall temperature range 93-279 K, representative of planetary surfaces. The analysis of diagnostic spectral signatures shows different temperature-dependent trends for several band parameters, as well as different behavior as a function of the grain size for a given temperature. While spectra of natrite are characterized by several CO3 absorptions, broad and strong absorption features due to H2O dominate the spectra of heavily hydrated natron. The intermediate sample (monohydrated) shows multiple bands due to the overlap of CO3 and H2O vibrational modes. Our temperature-dependent laboratory spectra are compared with Dawn-VIR spectra of Ceres and with Galileo-NIMS spectra of Europa.
Published: 2019

26. Observatory science with eXTP

Author: in't Zand, Jean J. M., Bozzo, Enrico, Qu, Jinlu, Li, Xiang-Dong, Amati, Lorenzo, Chen, Yang, Donnarumma, Immacolata, Doroshenko, Victor, Drake, Stephen A., Hernanz, Margarita, Jenke, Peter A., Maccarone, Thomas J., Mahmoodifar, Simin, De Martino, Domitilla, De Rosa, Alessandra, Rossi, Elena M., Rowlinson, Antonia, Sala, Gloria, Stratta, Giulia, Tauris, Thomas M., Wilms, Joern, Wu, Xuefeng, Zhou, Ping, Agudo, Iván, Altamirano, Diego, Atteia, Jean-Luc, Andersson, Nils A., Baglio, M. Cristina, Ballantyne, David R., Baykal, Altan, Behar, Ehud, Belloni, Tomaso, Bhattacharyya, Sudip, Bianchi, Stefano, Bilous, Anna, Blay, Pere, Braga, Joao, Brandt, Søren, Brown, Edward F., Bucciantini, Niccolò, Burderi, Luciano, Cackett, Edward M., Campana, Riccardo, Campana, Sergio, Casella, Piergiorgio, Cavecchi, Yuri, Chambers, Frank, Chen, Liang, Chen, Yu-Peng, Chenevez, Jérôme, Chernyakova, Maria, Jin, Chichuan, Ciolfi, Riccardo, Costantini, Elisa, Cumming, Andrew, D'Aì, Antonino, Dai, Zi-Gao, D'Ammando, Filippo, De Pasquale, Massimiliano, Degenaar, Nathalie, Del Santo, Melania, D'Elia, Valerio, Di Salvo, Tiziana, Doyle, Gerry, Falanga, Maurizio, Fan, Xilong, Ferdman, Robert D., Feroci, Marco, Fraschetti, Federico, Galloway, Duncan K., Gambino, Angelo F., Gandhi, Poshak, Ge, Mingyu, Gendre, Bruce, Gill, Ramandeep, Götz, Diego, Gouiffès, Christian, Grandi, Paola, Granot, Jonathan, Güdel, Manuel, Heger, Alexander, Heinke, Craig O., Homan, Jeroen, Iaria, Rosario, Iwasawa, Kazushi, Izzo, Luca, Ji, Long, Jonker, Peter G., José, Jordi, Kaastra, Jelle S., Kalemci, Emrah, Kargaltsev, Oleg, Kawai, Nobuyuki, Keek, Laurens, Komossa, Stefanie, Kreykenbohm, Ingo, Kuiper, Lucien, Kunneriath, Devaky, Li, Gang, Liang, En-Wei, Linares, Manuel, Longo, Francesco, Lu, Fangjun, Lutovinov, Alexander A., Malyshev, Denys, Malzac, Julien, Manousakis, Antonios, McHardy, Ian, Mehdipour, Missagh, Men, Yunpeng, Méndez, Mariano, Mignani, Roberto P., Mikusincova, Romana, Miller, M. Coleman, Miniutti, Giovanni, Motch, Christian, Nättilä, Joonas, Nardini, Emanuele, Neubert, Torsten, O'Brien, Paul T., Orlandini, Mauro, Osborne, Julian P., Pacciani, Luigi, Paltani, Stéphane, Paolillo, Maurizio, Papadakis, Iossif E., Paul, Biswajit, Pellizzoni, Alberto, Peretz, Uria, Pérez Torres, Miguel A., Perinati, Emanuele, Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda, Reig, Pablo, Riggio, Alessandro, Rodriguez, Jerome, Rodríguez-Gil, Pablo, Romano, Patrizia, Różańska, Agata, Sakamoto, Takanori, Salmi, Tuomo, Salvaterra, Ruben, Sanna, Andrea, Santangelo, Andrea, Savolainen, Tuomas, Schanne, Stéphane, Schatz, Hendrik, Shao, Lijing, Shearer, Andy, Shore, Steven N., Stappers, Ben W., Strohmayer, Tod E., Suleimanov, Valery F., Svoboda, Jir̆í, Thielemann, F.-K., Tombesi, Francesco, Torres, Diego F., Torresi, Eleonora, Turriziani, Sara, Vacchi, Andrea, Vercellone, Stefano, Vink, Jacco, Wang, Jian-Min, Wang, Junfeng, Watts, Anna L., Weng, Shanshan, Weinberg, Nevin N., Wheatley, Peter J., Wijnands, Rudy, Woods, Tyrone E., Woosley, Stan E., Xiong, Shaolin, Xu, Yupeng, Yan, Zhen, Younes, George, Yu, Wenfei, Yuan, Feng, Zampieri, Luca, Zane, Silvia, Zdziarski, Andrzej A., Zhang, Shuang-Nan, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shuo, Zhang, Xiao, Zingale, Michael, in ’t Zand, Jean, Drake, Stephen, Jenke, Peter, Maccarone, Thomas, Rossi, Elena, Tauris, Thomas, Andersson, Nils, Ballantyne, David, Brown, Edward, Cackett, Edward, D’Aì, Antonino, D’Ammando, Filippo, D’Elia, Valerio, Ferdman, Robert, Galloway, Duncan, Gambino, Angelo, Heinke, Craig, Jonker, Peter, Kaastra, Jelle, Lutovinov, Alexander, Mignani, Roberto, O’Brien, Paul, Osborne, Julian, Papadakis, Iossif, Pérez Torres, Miguel, Shore, Steven, Stappers, Ben, Strohmayer, Tod, Suleimanov, Valery, Torres, Diego, Watts, Anna, Weinberg, Nevin, Wheatley, Peter, Woods, Tyrone, Woosley, Stan, Zdziarski, Andrzej, in ’t Zand, Jean J. M., Bozzo, Enrico, Qu, JinLu, Li, Xiang-Dong, Amati, Lorenzo, Chen, Yang, Donnarumma, Immacolata, Doroshenko, Victor, Drake, Stephen A., Hernanz, Margarita, Jenke, Peter A., Maccarone, Thomas J., Mahmoodifar, Simin, de Martino, Domitilla, De Rosa, Alessandra, Rossi, Elena M., Rowlinson, Antonia, Sala, Gloria, Stratta, Giulia, Tauris, Thomas M., Wilms, Joern, Wu, XueFeng, Zhou, Ping, Agudo, Iván, Altamirano, Diego, Atteia, Jean-Luc, Andersson, Nils A., Baglio, M. Cristina, Ballantyne, David R., Baykal, Altan, Behar, Ehud, Belloni, Tomaso, Bhattacharyya, Sudip, Bianchi, Stefano, Bilous, Anna, Blay, Pere, Braga, João, Brandt, Søren, Brown, Edward F., Bucciantini, Niccolò, Burderi, Luciano, Cackett, Edward M., Campana, Riccardo, Campana, Sergio, Casella, Piergiorgio, Cavecchi, Yuri, Chambers, Frank, Chen, Liang, Chen, Yu-Peng, Chenevez, Jérôme, Chernyakova, Maria, Jin, ChiChuan, Ciolfi, Riccardo, Costantini, Elisa, Cumming, Andrew, D’Aì, Antonino, Dai, Zi-Gao, D’Ammando, Filippo, De Pasquale, Massimiliano, Degenaar, Nathalie, Del Santo, Melania, D’Elia, Valerio, Di Salvo, Tiziana, Doyle, Gerry, Falanga, Maurizio, Fan, XiLong, Ferdman, Robert D., Feroci, Marco, Fraschetti, Federico, Galloway, Duncan K., Gambino, Angelo F., Gandhi, Poshak, Ge, MingYu, Gendre, Bruce, Gill, Ramandeep, Götz, Diego, Gouiffès, Christian, Grandi, Paola, Granot, Jonathan, Güdel, Manuel, Heger, Alexander, Heinke, Craig O., Homan, Jeroen, Iaria, Rosario, Iwasawa, Kazushi, Izzo, Luca, Ji, Long, Jonker, Peter G., José, Jordi, Kaastra, Jelle S., Kalemci, Emrah, Kargaltsev, Oleg, Kawai, Nobuyuki, Keek, Lauren, Komossa, Stefanie, Kreykenbohm, Ingo, Kuiper, Lucien, Kunneriath, Devaky, Li, Gang, Liang, En-Wei, Linares, Manuel, Longo, Francesco, Lu, FangJun, Lutovinov, Alexander A., Malyshev, Deny, Malzac, Julien, Manousakis, Antonio, McHardy, Ian, Mehdipour, Missagh, Men, YunPeng, Méndez, Mariano, Mignani, Roberto P., Mikusincova, Romana, Miller, M. Coleman, Miniutti, Giovanni, Motch, Christian, Nättilä, Joona, Nardini, Emanuele, Neubert, Torsten, O’Brien, Paul T., Orlandini, Mauro, Osborne, Julian P., Pacciani, Luigi, Paltani, Stéphane, Paolillo, Maurizio, Papadakis, Iossif E., Paul, Biswajit, Pellizzoni, Alberto, Peretz, Uria, Pérez Torres, Miguel A., Perinati, Emanuele, Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda, Reig, Pablo, Riggio, Alessandro, Rodriguez, Jerome, Rodríguez-Gil, Pablo, Romano, Patrizia, Różańska, Agata, Sakamoto, Takanori, Salmi, Tuomo, Salvaterra, Ruben, Sanna, Andrea, Santangelo, Andrea, Savolainen, Tuoma, Schanne, Stéphane, Schatz, Hendrik, Shao, LiJing, Shearer, Andy, Shore, Steven N., Stappers, Ben W., Strohmayer, Tod E., Suleimanov, Valery F., Svoboda, Jirí, Thielemann, F.-K., Tombesi, Francesco, Torres, Diego F., Torresi, Eleonora, Turriziani, Sara, Vacchi, Andrea, Vercellone, Stefano, Vink, Jacco, Wang, Jian-Min, Wang, JunFeng, Watts, Anna L., Weng, ShanShan, Weinberg, Nevin N., Wheatley, Peter J., Wijnands, Rudy, Woods, Tyrone E., Woosley, Stan E., Xiong, ShaoLin, Xu, YuPeng, Yan, Zhen, Younes, George, Yu, WenFei, Yuan, Feng, Zampieri, Luca, Zane, Silvia, Zdziarski, Andrzej A., Zhang, Shuang-Nan, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shuo, Zhang, Xiao, Zingale, Michael, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), eXTP, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Information Biomédicale sino-français (CRIBS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Southeast University [Jiangsu]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), ASI Science Data Center (ASDC), Italian Space Agency, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'Anthropobiologie (LA), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Istituto di Radioastronomia [Bologna] (IRA), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Sciences & Technologie, IASF, Area di Ricerca di Tor Vergata, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Physics and Astronomy [Southampton], University of Southampton, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut für Astrophysik [Wien], Universität Wien, Sabanci University [Istanbul], The George Washington University (GW), Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH), Deakin University [Burwood], Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences (CAMK), Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), University of New Hampshire (UNH), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering [Trondheim] (MTP NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Ethoikos, Radicondoli, Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester [Manchester], Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Sichuan University [Chengdu] (SCU), University of Warwick [Coventry], U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), University College of London [London] (UCL), Medical School (University of Nanjing), Nanjing University (NJU), Beijing Municipal Climate Center, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Laboratorio de Investigación y Formación en Informática Avanzada [La Plata] (LIFIA), Facultad de Informática [La Plata], Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), NLD, Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos (ICCUB), MDM-2014-0369, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), European Research Council (ERC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), Royal Society, Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Science Centre, Poland (NCN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Society (UK), European Research Council, European Commission, National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Basic Research Program (China), National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Polish Academy of Sciences, Astronomy, Discrete Technology and Production Automation, in't Zand, Jean J. M., Qu, Jinlu, Tauris, Thomas M., Wilm, Joern, Wu, Xuefeng, Jin, Chichuan, D'Aì, Antonino, D'Ammando, Filippo, D'Elia, Valerio, Fan, Xilong, Ge, Mingyu, Lu, Fangjun, Mchardy, Ian, Men, Yunpeng, O'Brien, Paul T., Shao, Lijing, Svoboda, Jir̆í, Thielemann, F. -K., Wang, Junfeng, Weng, Shanshan, Xiong, Shaolin, Xu, Yupeng, Yu, Wenfei, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GAA - Grup d'Astronomia i Astrofísica, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Istituto di Radioastronomia (IRA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), George Washington University (GW), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering [Trondheim], Sichuan University, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, University of Geneva, CAS - Institute of High Energy Physics, Nanjing University, INAF/IASF Bologna, National Institute for Astrophysics, University of Tübingen, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, ICREA, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Texas Tech University, Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Leiden University, University of Amsterdam, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, University of Urbino, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, CAS - Purple Mountain Observatory, CSIC, IRAP, New York University Abu Dhabi, Georgia Institute of Technology, Middle East Technical University, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Roma Tre University, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet, Michigan State University, Osservatorio Astrofisico Di Arcetri, Florence, University of Cagliari, Wayne State University, Osservatorio Astronomico Roma, CAS - Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: cataclysmic binaries, Astronomy, FIELD CAMERAS OBSERVATIONS, space research instruments nuclear astrophysics flare stars accretion and accretion disks mass loss and stellar winds cataclysmic binaries X-ray binaries supernova remnants active galactic nuclei X-ray bursts gamma-ray bursts gravitational waves, General Physics and Astronomy, gamma-ray burst, space research instrument, 01 natural sciences, Gamma ray bursts, Observatory, Accretion and accretion disks, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, gravitational wave, accretion and accretion disk, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), supernova remnants, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], flare stars, gamma-ray bursts, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, accretion and accretion disks, active galactic nuclei, gravitational waves, mass loss and stellar winds, nuclear astrophysics, space research instruments, X-ray binaries, X-ray bursts, Physics and Astronomy (all), Space research instruments, X ray burst, Supernova, QUIET, High mass, X-ray binarie, Mass loss and stellar winds, Nuclear astrophysics, Gamma-ray bursts, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, PULSAR-WIND NEBULAE, FAST RADIO-BURSTS, Astrofísica nuclear, Active galactic nucleus, TIDAL DISRUPTION, Supernova remnants, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Polarimetry, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, ACCRETING NEUTRON-STARS, Gravitational waves, cataclysmic binarie, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, X-ray burst, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cataclysmic binaries, Active galactic nuclei, flare star, White dwarf, Flare stars, Stars, supernova remnant, QB460-466 Astrophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], mass loss and stellar wind, Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], X-RAY, Supernova remmants, X ray binaries, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], SEYFERT 1 GALAXY, nuclear astrophysic
Abstract: Disponible preprint en: arXiv:1812.04023v1 [astro-ph.HE] [v1] Mon, 10 Dec 2018 19:00:52 UTC (4,376 KB), In this White Paper we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission for studies related to Observatory Science targets. These include flaring stars, supernova remnants, accreting white dwarfs, low and high mass X-ray binaries, radio quiet and radio loud active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events, and gamma-ray bursts. eXTP will be excellently suited to study one common aspect of these objects: their often transient nature. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.© 2018, Science China Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature., This work was supported by the Royal Society, ERC Starting (Grant No. 639217), the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Global Fellowship (Grant No. 703916), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11233001, 11773014, 11633007, 11403074, 11333005, 11503008, and 11590781), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2015CB857100), NASA (Grant No. NNX13AD28A), an ARC Future Fellowship (Grant No. FT120100363), the National Science Foundation (Grant No. PHY-1430152), the Spanish MINECO (Grant No. AYA2016-76012-C3-1-P), the ICCUB (Unidad de Excelencia 'Maria de Maeztu') (Grant No. MDM-2014-0369), EU's Horizon Programme through a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Fellowship (Grant No. 702638), the Polish National Science Center (Grant Nos. 2015/17/B/ST9/03422, 2015/18/M/ST9/00541, 2013/10/M/ST9/00729, and 2015/18/A/ST9/00746), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA15020100), and the NWO Veni Fellowship (Grant No. 639.041.647).
Published: 2019

27. Flight Testing Designs in HEXAFLY-INT for High-Speed Transportation

Author: Steelant, Johan, Villace, Victor F., Kallenbach, Alexander, Wagner, Alexander, Andro, Jean-Yves, di Benedetto, Sara, Saracoglu, B., Chernyshev, S.L., Gubanov, A.A., Talyzin, V.A., Voevodenko, N.V., Kukshinov, N.V., Prokhorov, A.N., Grigoriev, N.V., Neely, A.J, Verstraete, D., Buttsworth, D., European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), DTIS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI), Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TSAGI), Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute, Central Institute of Aviation Motors [Moscou] (CIAM), Gromov Flight Research Institute (LII), School of Engineering and Information Technology (UNSW), The University of Sydney, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), and André, Cécile
Subjects: flight-testing, high-speed, CONCEPTION, hydrogen, HYDROGENE, HAUTE VITESSE, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, MULTI DISCIPLINARITE, ESSAI VOL, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, waverider, multi-disciplinarity, vehicle design
Abstract: International audience; Civil high-speed passenger transport only makes sense when deployed for long-haul intercontinental flights. Consequently, the related development and deployment of such a high-speed vehicle will most likely demand an international approach. The internationally funded HEXAFLY-INT project is a first step in the direction of civil high-speed transportation along with an international development where flighttesting is the focal point. The global aim is to flight test an experimental waverider-based vehicle concept above Mach 7 to verify its potential for a high cruise efficiency during a free-flight. In parallel, the concept will also be flight tested to prove the waverider concept is also able to take-off, to accelerate to subsonic speed and to land in an efficient and robust way. The feasibility for a 3m long vehicle was demonstrated during the European precursor project HEXAFLY. Its realization is now being enabled on an international scale preparing the grounds for global cooperation in case of a future deployment of a high-speed cruiser. These flight opportunities will increase drastically the Technology Readiness Level of developments realized in previous high-speed EC projects such as ATLLAS I & II and LAPCAT I & II. The present paper describes the various numerical and experimental investigations carried out so far by the different international partners.
Published: 2018

28. Thermal Management of the Hexafly-Int Hypersonic Glider

Author: Andro, Jean-Yves, Scigliano, Roberto, Kallenbach, Alexander, Steelant, Johan, DTIS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, DLR Institute of Communications and Navigation [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] (KN), German Aerospace Center (DLR), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), and André, Cécile
Subjects: THERMAL PROTECTION SYSTEM (TPS), THERMAL MANAGEMENT, SYSTEME CONTROLE THERMIQUE, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], [INFO.INFO-DS] Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], [SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, MANAGEMENT THERMIQUE, THERMAL CONTROL SYSTEM (TCS), SYSTEME PROTECTION THERMIQUE, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents the sizing and choice of the technological solutions used for the thermal management of the critical hot parts, the main structure and the equipment of the Hexafly-Int hypersonic glider. Air conditioning into the fairing is used during pre-flight operations so as to maintain the temperature of the vehicle with its equipment below 20°C. During the flight, the thermal integrity of the nose is based on a heat sink approach by using massive blocks of metallic materials coated by zirconium whereas the wing leading edges and the flaps are made in C/C-SiC material. Among different assessed solutions, the temperature of the main titanium structure is maintained below 700°C thanks to an extra high emissivity painting applied on its external face. Equipment is protected from radiative heat transfer of the main structure thanks to a light flexible microporous insulator named Aeroguard® which exhibits extra high insulation performance at low pressure into the stratosphere. This internal thermal protection system is kept in place on the internal faces of the main structure thanks to thin flexible wires which allow fast depressurization of the insulator and mechanical strength to vibrations during the ascent phase of the flight. All equipment is also protected from conductive heat transfer coming from the hot main structure by using low thermal conductivity fixations based on Vespel® material. A special thermal management is dedicated to telemetry electronic boxes so as to absorb their dissipated power into a heat sink based on phase changing material.
Published: 2018

29. Advanced OoA and automated technologies for the manufacturing of a composite outer wing box

Author: Gianpaolo Cacciapuoti, Marco Barile, Philippe Barabinot, Fulvio Romano, Paolo Vollaro, Jean-Luc Godard, Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, NOVOTECH Aerospace Advanced Technology, SICAMB, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Meudon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, IMAST - Polymeric and Composite Materials and Structures, and Siemens Industry Software SAS (Chatillon)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Wing, Materials science, AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURE, Composite number, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Mechanical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, COST REDUCTION, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 0203 mechanical engineering, lcsh:TA1-2040, ENERGY UTILIZATION, 021105 building & construction, STRUCTURAL PANELS, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Abstract: International audience; This work resumes the results achieved until today in the European project AirGreen 2 of Clean Sky 2 programme, deriving from the application of two different dry preforming processes for the manufacturing of a composite outer wing box of the next generation turboprop aircrafts. Liquid Resin Infusion and Out of Autoclave techniques, by Hand-Layup and Automated Fiber Placement, are considered. The optimisation and validation of the manufacturing processes have been done according to key performance indexes: weight and cost reduction, lower energy consumption, high productivity and minimal reworking time, less intensive labour, minimal scrap and less waste of materials. The work has been performed through manufacturing tests and optimisation of the process parameters, implementation of several bagging techniques, numerical simulations of the infusion process and material characterization tests in operative conditions, from coupons level up to details and elements level (flat stiffened panels). Pro and cons, suggestions and technical considerations useful for the next step of the project (final manufacturing of large parts and components) are assessed.
Published: 2018

30. Elastic net multinomial logistic regression for fault diagnostics of on-board aeronautical systems

Author: Francesco Cannarile, V. Quaranta, G. Diodati, Michele Compare, Enrico Zio, Piero Baraldi, Dipartimento di Energia [Milano] (DENG), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, Centro Italiano Ricerche Aerospaziali (CIRA ), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Centre de recherche sur les Risques et les Crises (CRC), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)
Subjects: Elastic net regularization, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Computer science, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Fault (power engineering), 01 natural sciences, Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR), [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Fault diagnostics, 0103 physical sciences, Aerospace industry, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), ELastic NET (ELNET), Shaker blower, Shaker, [SHS.GEST-RISQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/domain_shs.gest-risq, Aerospace, Multinomial logistic regression, business.industry, Experimental data, Condition monitoring, Aerospace industry ELastic NET (ELNET) Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR), On board, Data mining, business, computer
Abstract: The objective of this work is the development of a fault diagnostic system for a shaker blower used in on-board aeronautical systems. Features extracted from condition monitoring signals and selected by the ELastic NET (ELNET) algorithm, which combines l 1 -penalty with the squared l 2 -penalty on model parameters, are used as inputs of a Multinomial Logistic regression (MLR) model. For validation, the developed approach is applied to experimental data acquired on a shaker blower system (as representative of aeronautical on-board systems) and on three additional experimental datasets of literature. The satisfactory diagnostic performances obtained show the potential of the method for developing sound diagnostic classifiers from a very large set of features, even when only few training data are available.
Published: 2019

31. Effects of riblets on the performances of a regional aircraft configuration in NLF conditions

Author: Renato Tognaccini, Donato de Rosa, Frédéric Moens, Benedetto Mele, Pietro Catalano, Catalano, Pietro, de Rosa, Donato, Mele, Benedetto, Tognaccini, Renato, Moens, Frederic, Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, University of Naples Federico II, DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Meudon], and ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, DRAG REDUCTION, 0203 mechanical engineering, LAMINAR FLOW, 0103 physical sciences, AVIATION, 02 engineering and technology, SKIN-FRICTION DRAG, 01 natural sciences, Geology, 010305 fluids & plasmas
Abstract: International audience; The application of the riblets to a typical regional turbo-prop configuration is discussed in this paper. The effect of the riblets is modelled as a singular roughness problem by a proper boundary condition proposed by University of Napoli. The model is described and first its application to 2D flows is presented. Then a typical wing-body of a regional aircraft is considered. The configuration has been designed to have a natural laminar flow for a large extent of the wing in cruise conditions. Riblets are applied at flow specifications representative of cruise in combination with the laminar flow technology and in climb/descent conditions. The save of fuel achievable in a typical operative day of such an aircraft has been also estimated.
Published: 2018

32. Planck intermediate results

Author: Aghanim, N., Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. F., Challinor, A., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P.L., Combet, C., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Finelli, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Knox, L., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Le Jeune, M., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lilley, M., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Ma, Y. Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Millea, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Narimani, A., Natoli, P., Oxborrow, C. A., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Patrizii, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Suur-Uski, A. S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, F., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., White, Martin J., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Red Española de Supercomputación, Center for Science (Finland), Academy of Finland, German Research Foundation, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Canadian Space Agency, DTU Space (Denmark), Swiss Space Office, Research Council of Norway, Science Foundation Ireland, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), European Research Council, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Department of Energy (US), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), European Space Agency, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Université Paris-Sud, Leiden University, University of Cambridge, International School for Advanced Studies, University of Bologna, CNRS, CSIC, University of Padova, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, University of Milan, University of Manchester, University of Oviedo, University of Toronto, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of Ferrara, Cardiff University, Observatoire de Paris, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University of Southern California, Université Grenoble Alpes, California Institute of Technology, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Bologna, Sapienza University of Rome, Astronomical Observatory of Padua, Imperial College London, European Space Astronomy Centre, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, University of Oslo, African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Simon Fraser University, University of Chicago, University of La Laguna, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Princeton University, Sun Yat-Sen University, University of Helsinki, University of California Davis, University of Sussex, University of California Santa Barbara, Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University College London, Italian Space Agency, University of Nottingham, University of British Columbia, Technical University of Denmark, Haverford College, Heidelberg University, Radboud University Nijmegen, University of Granada, Topological Quantum Fluids, ESTEC, University of Trieste, University of Rome Tor Vergata, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Adelaide, University of California San Diego, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: theory [Cosmology], Cosmological parameters, Cosmology: observations, observations [Cosmology], Submillimeter: ISM, Cosmic background radiation, Dust, extinction
Abstract: Planck Collaboration., The characterization of the Galactic foregrounds has been shown to be the main obstacle in thechallenging quest to detect primordial B-modes in the polarized microwave sky. We make use of the Planck-HFI 2015 data release at high frequencies to place new constraints on the properties of the polarized thermal dust emission at high Galactic latitudes. Here, we specifically study the spatial variability of the dust polarized spectral energy distribution (SED), and its potential impact on the determination of the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r. We use the correlation ratio of the angular power spectra between the 217 and 353 GHz channels as a tracer of these potential variations, computed on different high Galactic latitude regions, ranging from 80% to 20% of the sky. The new insight from Planck data is a departure of the correlation ratio from unity that cannot be attributed to a spurious decorrelation due to the cosmic microwave background, instrumental noise, or instrumental systematics. The effect is marginally detected on each region, but the statistical combination of all the regions gives more than 99% confidence for this variation in polarized dust properties. In addition, we show that the decorrelation increases when there is a decrease in the mean column density of the region of the sky being considered, and we propose a simple power-law empirical model for this dependence, which matches what is seen in the Planck data. We explore the effect that this measured decorrelation has on simulations of the BICEP2-Keck Array/Planck analysis and show that the 2015 constraints from these data still allow a decorrelation between the dust at 150 and 353 GHz that is compatible with our measured value. Finally, using simplified models, we show that either spatial variation of the dust SED or of the dust polarization angle are able to produce decorrelations between 217 and 353 GHz data similar to the values we observe in the data., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, J.A., and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / ERC grant agreement No. 267934.
Published: 2017

33. Dynamics of aspherical dust grains in a cometary atmosphere: I. Axially symmetric grains in a spherically symmetric atmosphere

Author: Jean-François Crifo, Stavro Ivanovski, Alessandra Rotundi, Marco Fulle, V. V. Zakharov, V. Della Corte, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' = University of Naples (PARTHENOPE), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Italian Space Agency (ASI), and Universita degli studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' [Napoli]
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Comet, Rotation around a fixed axis, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Dust, Aerodynamics, Mechanics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Dynamics, Atmosphere, Aerodynamic force, Interplanetary dust cloud, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Comets, Coma, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Axial symmetry, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; In-situ measurements of individual dust grain parameters in the immediate vicinity of a cometary nucleus are being carried by the Rosetta spacecraft at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. For the interpretations of these observational data, a model of dust grain motion as realistic as possible is requested. In particular, the results of the Stardust mission and analysis of samples of interplanetary dust have shown that these particles are highly aspherical, which should be taken into account in any credible model. The aim of the present work is to study the dynamics of ellipsoidal shape particles with various aspect ratios introduced in a spherically symmetric expanding gas flow and to reveal the possible differences in dynamics between spherical and aspherical particles. Their translational and rotational motion under influence of the gravity and of the aerodynamic force and torque is numerically integrated in a wide range of physical parameters values including those of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The main distinctions of the dynamics of spherical and ellipsoidal particles are discussed. The aerodynamic characteristics of the ellipsoidal particles, and examples of their translational and rotational motion in the postulated gas flow are presented
Published: 2017

34. Meteorites as Catalysts for Prebiotic Chemistry

Author: Giorgia Botta, Ernesto Di Mauro, Raffaele Saladino, Michela Delfino, Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, University of Tuscia, Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and This work is supported by the Italian Space Agency 'MoMa project' and by ASI-INAF n. I/015/07/0 'Esplorazione del Sistema Solare'.
Subjects: carboxylic acids, molecular evolution, nucleobases, amino acids, prebiotic chemistry, MESH: Amino Acids, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Origin of Life, MESH: Evolution, Chemical, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, Nucleobase, MESH: Biogenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, Chondrite, 0103 physical sciences, Organic chemistry, Amino Acids, MESH: Meteoroids, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Achondrite, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Evolution, Chemical, MESH: Peptides, Organic Chemistry, Temperature, Meteoroids, MESH: Purines, General Chemistry, MESH: Catalysis, MESH: Temperature, Amino acid, MESH: Prebiotics, Prebiotic chemistry, Prebiotics, Meteorite, chemistry, Purines, Peptides, Pyrolysis
Abstract: OH (2:1 v/v), and sulfu-ric acid. In the case of chondrites, achondrites, and stony-iron meteorites, the samples were also pyrolyzed at 6008C.After the treatment, the powders did not release any traceof organic substances. The synthesis of large number of com-pounds was observed (Scheme 1): nucleobases and their an-alogues, carboxylic acids, amino acids, and low-molecular-weight derivatives (miscellanea). We dub these reactionsmeteorite-catalyzed syntheses. Given the complexity of themixtures, analysis was limited to products 1ngmL
Published: 2013

35. A first assessment of the strength of cometary particles collected in-situ by the COSIMA instrument onboard ROSETTA

Author: Klaus Hornung, Sihane Merouane, Martin Hilchenbach, Yves Langevin, Eva Maria Mellado, Vincenzo Della Corte, Jochen Kissel, Cecile Engrand, Rita Schulz, Jouni Ryno, Johan Silen, null the COSIMA team, Institut für Strömungsmechanik und Aerodynamik (LRT-7), Universität der Bundeswehr München [Neubiberg], Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM AS), Université Paris-Saclay-Univ. Paris-Sud-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), ESA Scientific Support Office, European Space Agency (ESA), Finnish Meteorological Institute Observation Services, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Italian Space Agency within the ASI-INAF agreements I/032/05/0 and I/024/12/0., COSIMA was built by a consortium led by the Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany in collaboration with Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace, Orléans, France, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS/Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland, Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany, von Hoerner und Sulger GmbH, Schwetzingen, Germany, Universität der Bundeswehr, Neubiberg, Germany, Institut für Physik, Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf, Seibersdorf, Austria, Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Graz, Austria and is led by the Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Göttingen, Germany., ITA, FRA, and DEU
Subjects: In situ, Physics, Cometary dust, ta115, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Spacecraft, Impact fragmentation, Mechanical strength, Rosetta mission, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], business.industry, Dust particles, Comet, Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Fragment size, 0103 physical sciences, Mass analyzer, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: COSIMA was built by a consortium led by the Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany in collaboration with Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace, Orléans, France, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS/Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland, Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany, von Hoerner und Sulger GmbH, Schwetzingen, Germany, Universität der Bundeswehr, Neubiberg, Germany, Institut für Physik, Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf, Seibersdorf, Austria, Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Graz, Austria and is led by the Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Göttingen, Germany. The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR, Grant 50 QP 1302), France (CNES), Austria, Finland and the ESA Technical Directorate; International audience; Soon after the arrival of the ROSETTA spacecraft at Comet 67/P Churyumov-Gerasimenko the onboard instrument COSIMA (“Cometary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer”) collected a large number of cometary dust particles on targets from gold black of thickness between 10 and 30 μm. Inspection by its camera subsystem revealed that many of them consist of smaller units of typically some tens of micrometers in size. The collection process left the smaller dust particles in an essentially unaltered state whereas most particles larger than about 100 μm got fragmented into smaller pieces. Using the observed fragment size distributions, the present paper includes a first assessment of the strength for those dust particles that were disrupted upon impact.
Published: 2016

36. Iqueye, a single photon-counting photometer applied to the ESO new technology telescope

Author: P. Zoccarato, Filippo Messina, Giampiero Naletto, Pietro Bolli, Claudio Pernechele, Fabrizio Tamburini, Simone Marchi, Ivan Capraro, Sergio Billotta, Cesare Barbieri, Enrico Verroi, C. Germanà, Da Deppo, Giovanni Bonanno, G. Anzolin, Massimiliano Belluso, A. Di Paola, C. Facchinetti, S. Fornasier, T. Occhipinti, Enrico Giro, Mirco Zaccariotto, Luca Zampieri, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (INAF-OAR), Italian Space Agency, Institute of Photonic, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (ICFO), INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (INAF-OACt), INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, CNR-INFM Luxor, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
Subjects: Physics, Aperture, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Context (language use), Photometer, New Technology Telescope, Photon counting, law.invention, Telescope, Optical pulsar, Optics, Single-photon avalanche diode, Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, photometers, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], business, Remote sensing
Abstract: International audience; Context: A new extremely high speed photon-counting photometer, Iqueye, has been installed and tested at the New Technology Telescope, in La Silla. Aims: This instrument is the second prototype of a ``quantum'' photometer being developed for future Extremely Large Telescopes of 30-50 m aperture. Methods: Iqueye divides the telescope aperture into four portions, each feeding a single photon avalanche diode. The counts from the four channels are collected by a time-to-digital converter board, where each photon is appropriately time-tagged. Owing to a rubidium oscillator and a GPS receiver, an absolute rms timing accuracy better than 0.5 ns during one-hour observations is achieved. The system can sustain a count rate of up to 8 MHz uninterruptedly for an entire night of observation. Results: During five nights of observations, the system performed smoothly, and the observations of optical pulsar calibration targets provided excellent results.
Published: 2009

37. Natural Laminar Flow Transonic Wing Design Applied to Future Innovative Green Regional Aircraft

Author: Salah El Din, I., Godard, J.L., Rodde, A.M., Moens, F., Andreutti, G., de Rosa, D., Di Muzio, M., Gemma, R., Baldassin, E., Calvi, N., Averardo, M.A., ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Meudon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, Alenia Aermacchi, and André, Cécile
Subjects: CFD AERODYNAMICS, NATURAL LAMINAR FLOW, [SPI.MECA.MEFL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], HIGH LIFT DEVICES, CIVIL AIRCRAFT, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) is, in aerodynamics, one of the key technologies that could lead to the most important improvement in aircraft performance at cruise, with significant reduction of fuel consumption and consequently of environmental pollutants emission.Within the GRA ITD project this technology has been applied and assessed to Regional Aircraft concepts of 130 passengers for a range of 3,000 nm, cruise Mach 0.74 and Flight level 35,000 ft, with rear fuselage engine installation. Aircraft preliminary design studies have delivered challenging top-level performance requirements, at cruise and low speed, general geometrical characteristics and weight assessment.In order to meet such requirements the wing design has been achieved in three steps: aerodynamic design at cruise trying to maximise the benefit of NLF technology, aeroelastic and structural design by multi-disciplinary optimisation (MDO), aerodynamic and kinematic design of high lift devices (HLD).The aerodynamic wing design was performed with the objective of an extended laminar flow at cruise, with constraints on buffet margins and maximum lift in low speed conditions. This design was done with high fidelity CFD methods. Different design loops were performed. Despite the limitations due to low speed constraints, it was possible to obtain laminar flow extent over 60% chord and lift-to-drag ratio around 25 for the wing-fuselage configuration at cruise design point. Surface roughness, being a critical issue for laminar flows, was investigated and manufacturing requirements were defined.A further step in the design was the development of wing aeroelastic model. It was done by an MDO process to reduce wing bending moment design loads through tailored torsional stiffness, so to minimise wing box structural weight, by taking into account aerodynamics, static/dynamic loads and aeroelasticity.The next step was the numerical aerodynamic design and the definition of preliminary kinematic systems of several HLDs, matching the maximum lift requirement at landing. A slotted flap concept combined with a Krueger slat was selected after a down-selection process, relying on the results of 3D CFD/CAA analyses, 2D WT tests results and by also considering structural impact, complexity issues, maturity level, etc.The aerodynamic and aeroelastic wing designs will be validated through transonic WT tests on a (1:3) scale half-wing innovative flexible model reproducing the wing structural static deformation, to assess laminar flow extent at cruise and load control & alleviation devices performances in high-speed off-design conditions under a realistic high-Reynolds experimental environment.
Published: 2014

38. M2 muscarinic receptor activation regulates schwann cell differentiation and myelin organization

Author: Uggenti, Carolina, De Stefano, M Egle, Costantino, Michele, Loreti, Simona, Pisano, Annalinda, Avallone, Bice, Talora, Claudio, Magnaghi, Valerio, Tata, Ada Maria, Carolina, Uggenti, M., Egle De Stefano, Michele, Costantino, Simona, Loreti, Annalinda, Pisano, Avallone, Bice, Claudio, Talora, Valerio, Magnaghi, Ada Maria, Tata, Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Department of Biology, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Farmaceutical and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Contract grant sponsor: Progetti di Ricerca 'Sapienza,' Universiy of Roma, contract grant number: C26A122HYC to (A.M.T.). Contract grant sponsor: Association Francaise Contre les Myopathies, and contract grant number: 14163/2012 (to V.M.). Contract grant sponsor: ASI (Italian Space Agency) (toM.E.D.S.)
Subjects: MESH: Signal Transduction, MESH: Axons, MESH: Myelin Sheath, Neurogenesis, Arecoline, acetylcholine, MESH: Peripheral Nervous System Agents, MESH: Mice, Knockout, muscarinic receptors, MESH: Nerve Degeneration, MESH: Arecoline, MESH: Myelin Proteins, Animals, MESH: Animals, RNA, Messenger, Rats, Wistar, MESH: Receptor, Muscarinic M4, Cells, Cultured, Myelin Sheath, MESH: RNA, Messenger, MESH: Receptor, Muscarinic M2, Mice, Knockout, Receptor, Muscarinic M2, Receptor, Muscarinic M4, electron microscopy, myelin protein, MESH: Rats, Wistar, MESH: Transcription Factors, Peripheral Nervous System Agents, muscarinic receptors, Schwann cells, acetylcholine, myelin proteins, transcription factors, Sciatic Nerve, Axons, MESH: Neurogenesis, MESH: Sciatic Nerve, nervous system, myelin proteins, schwann cells, transcription factors, Schwann cells, Nerve Degeneration, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Schwann Cells, MESH: Schwann Cells, Myelin Proteins, MESH: Cells, Cultured, Signal Transduction, Transcription Factors
Abstract: International audience; Glial cells express acetylcholine receptors. In particular, rat Schwann cells express different muscarinic receptor subtypes, the most abundant of which is the M2 subtype. M2 receptor activation causes a reversible arrest of the cell cycle. This negative effect on Schwann cell proliferation suggests that these cells may possibly progress into a differentiating program. In this study we analyzed the in vitro modulation, by the M2 agonist arecaidine, of transcription factors and specific signaling pathways involved in Schwann cell differentiation. The arecaidine-induced M2 receptor activation significantly upregulates transcription factors involved in the promyelinating phase (e.g., Sox10 and Krox20) and downregulates proteins involved in the maintenance of the undifferentiated state (e.g., c-jun, Notch-1, and Jagged-1). Furthermore, arecaidine stimulation significantly increases the expression of myelin proteins, which is accompanied by evident changes in cell morphology, as indicated by electron microscopy analysis, and by substantial cellular re-distribution of actin and cell adhesion molecules. Moreover, ultrastructural and morphometric analyses on sciatic nerves of M2/M4 knockout mice show numerous degenerating axons and clear alterations in myelin organization compared with wild-type mice. Therefore, our data demonstrate that acetylcholine mediates axon-glia cross talk, favoring Schwann cell progression into a differentiated myelinating phenotype and contributing to compact myelin organization.
Published: 2014

39. Network science landers for Mars

Author: Antoine Mocquet, Ralf Jaumann, Ari-Matti Harri, Yves Langevin, Domenico Giardini, J. Simola, O. Marsal, S. Di Pippo, Francesco Angrilli, P. H. Lognonné, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, G. Musmann, Jean-Pierre Barriot, Jean-Jacques Berthelier, S. B. Calcutt, G.W. Leppelmeier, Søren Ejling Larsen, K. Kumpulainen, Jouni Polkko, J. L. Bertaux, J. Runavot, Jean-Claude Cerisier, James E. Tillman, D. Guerrier, Véronique Dehant, Tilman Spohn, W. Schumacher, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Michel Menvielle, T. Siili, William B. Banerdt, David Crisp, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut für Planetologie [Münster], Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude des environnements terrestre et planétaires (CETP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Institut für Geophysik [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie [Braunschweig], Italian Space Agency, Aerospatiale Inc., Space Systems Finland Ltd, Risø National Laboratory, Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], and University of Washington [Seattle]
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Spacecraft, business.industry, Mars landing, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mars Exploration Program, Exploration of Mars, law.invention, Astrobiology, Orbiter, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, law, Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter, Martian surface, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Timekeeping on Mars, business
Abstract: International audience; The NetLander Mission will deploy four landers to the Martian surface. Each lander includes a network science payload with instrumentation for studying the interior of Mars, the atmosphere and the subsurface, as well as the ionospheric structure and geodesy. The NetLander Mission is the first planetary mission focusing on investigations of the interior of the planet and the large-scale circulation of the atmosphere. A broad consortium of national space agencies and research laboratories will implement the mission. It is managed by CNES (the French Space Agency), with other major players being FMI (the Finnish Meteorological Institute), DLR (the German Space Agency), and other research institutes. According to current plans, the NetLander Mission will be launched in 2005 by means of an Ariane V launch, together with the Mars Sample Return mission. The landers will be separated from the spacecraft and targeted to their locations on the Martian surface several days prior to the spacecraft's arrival at Mars. The landing system employs parachutes and airbags. During the baseline mission of one Martian year, the network payloads will conduct simultaneous seismological, atmospheric, magnetic, ionospheric, geodetic measurements and ground penetrating radar mapping supported by panoramic images. The payloads also include entry phase measurements of the atmospheric vertical structure. The scientific data could be combined with simultaneous observations of the atmosphere and surface of Mars by the Mars Express Orbiter that is expected to be functional during the NetLander Mission's operational phase. Communication between the landers and the Earth would take place via a data relay onboard the Mars Express Orbiter.
Published: 1999

40. Substrains of Inbred Mice Differ in Their Physical Activity as a Behavior

Author: Viviana Moresi, Dario Coletti, Elvira Rossi, Emanuele Berardi, Zhenlin Li, Sergio Adamo, Paola Aulino, Génétique et Physiopathologie des Tissus Musculaires (GPTM), Adaptation Biologique et Vieillissement = Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UPMC Emergence, AFM, ANR [2009WBFZYM\₀01], Italian Space Agency (ASI), OSMA, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Time Factors, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, physical activity, lcsh:Medicine, lcsh:Technology, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases, lcsh:Science, General Environmental Science, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mouse strain, Behavior, Animal, Muscle adaptation, General Medicine, Immunohistochemistry, Mitochondria, Female, Oxidation-Reduction, cancer cachexia, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, Period (gene), Population, Physical activity, balb/c, Biology, Motor Activity, voluntary activity, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cachexia, exercise adaptation, mouse strains, 03 medical and health sciences, Time frame, Endurance training, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Muscle Strength, education, 030304 developmental biology, lcsh:T, Body Weight, lcsh:R, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Immunology, Physical Endurance, lcsh:Q, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Recent studies strengthen the belief that physical activity as a behavior has a genetic basis. Screening wheel-running behavior in inbred mouse strains highlighted differences among strains, showing that even very limited genetic differences deeply affect mouse behavior. We extended this observation to substrains of the same inbred mouse strain, that is, BALB/c mice. We found that only a minority of the population of one of these substrains, the BALB/c J, performs spontaneous physical activity. In addition, the runners of this substrain cover a significantly smaller distance than the average runners of two other substrains, namely, the BALB/c ByJ and the BALB/c AnNCrl. The latter shows a striking level of voluntary activity, with the average distance run/day reaching up to about 12 kilometers. These runners are not outstanders, but they represent the majority of the population, with important scientific and economic fallouts to be taken into account during experimental planning. Spontaneous activity persists in pathological conditions, such as cancer-associated cachexia. This important amount of physical activity results in a minor muscle adaptation to endurance exercise over a three-week period; indeed, only a nonsignificant increase in NADH transferase+ fibers occurs in this time frame. D. Coletti is supported by UPMC Emergence 2011 and by AFM 2012. Z. Li is supported by ANR and by AFM. PRIN 2009 (Project no. 2009WBFZYM 001) and Italian Space Agency (ASI), OSMA project, grant to S. Adamo are also acknowledged. The authors are indebted to Carla Ramina for her precious technical assistance. They gratefully thank Richard Lowry, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology Emeritus at the Vassar College for his web-based, user-friendly tool for performing statistical computation, VassarStats, which They used for statistical analysis. The mice used throughout this study were a generous gift of Janvier SAS (Le Genest St Isle, St Berthevin Cedex, France).
Published: 2013

41. Generation of RNA molecules by a base-catalysed click-like reaction

Author: Giorgia Botta, Giovanna Costanzo, Ernesto Di Mauro, Alessandra Giorgi, Raffaele Saladino, Anita Scipioni, Samanta Pino, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Biology [Rome] (IPBM), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome]-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Agrobiologia ed Agrochimica, Università della Tuscia, Department of Biochemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Dipartimento di Chimica, Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], and This work was supported by the Italian Space Agency 'MoMa project' and by ASI-INAF I/015/07/0 'Esplorazione del Sistema Solare'
Subjects: Formamide, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, rna polymerization, 5′-cgmp, MESH: Molecular Structure, 5'-cgmp, cyclic gmp, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Catalysis, Polymerization, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, MESH: RNA, 3', Organic chemistry, Nucleotide, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology, MESH: Click Chemistry, base catalysis, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Molecular Structure, 010405 organic chemistry, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Organic Chemistry, RNA, stacking interactions, MESH: Catalysis, 3′, Combinatorial chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Monomer, MESH: Polymerization, chemistry, click reaction, Click chemistry, Molecular Medicine, Dimethylformamide, Click Chemistry, Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory
Abstract: National audience; The problem of the abiotic origin of RNA from prebiotically plausible compounds remains unsolved. As a potential partial solution, we report the spontaneous polymerization of 3',5'-cyclic GMP in water, in formamide, in dimethylformamide, and (in water) in the presence of a Brønsted base such as 1,8-diazabicycloundec-7-ene. The reaction is untemplated, does not require enzymatic activities, is thermodynamically favoured and selectively yields 3',5'-bonded ribopolymers containing as many as 25 nucleotides. We propose a reaction pathway on the basis of 1) the measured stacking of the 3',5'-cyclic monomers, 2) the activation by Brønsted bases, 3) the determination (by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, by (31)P NMR, and by specific ribonucleases) of the molecular species produced. The reaction pathway has several of the attributes of a click-like reaction.
Published: 2012

42. New insights into mantle convection true polar wander and rotational bulge readjustment

Author: Roberto Sabadini, Yanick Ricard, Gabriele Cambiotti, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra 'Ardito Desio', Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GOCE-Italy project by ASI (Italian Space Agency), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)
Subjects: true polar wander, Offset (computer science), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, geoid, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Inertia, 01 natural sciences, rotation, Mantle (geology), Mantle convection, Geochemistry and Petrology, Bulge, Planet, Geoid, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), True polar wander, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, mantle dynamics, Geophysics, inertia, Geodesy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Geology
Abstract: International audience; The Earth's rotation axis is constantly tracking the main inertia axis of the planet that evolves due to internal and surface mass rearrangements. This motion called True Polar Wander (TPW) is due to mantle convection on the million years time scale. Most studies assumed that on this long time scale the planet readjusts without delay and that the Earth's rotation axis and the Maximum Inertia Direction of Mantle Convection (MID-MC) coincide. We herein overcome this approximation that leads to inaccurate TPW predictions and we provide a new treatment of Earth's rotation discussing both analytical and numerical solutions. We obtain an average TPW rate in the range [0.5°-1.5°] Myr− 1 and a sizeable offset of several degrees between the rotation axis and the MID-MC. This is in distinct contrast with the general belief that these two axes should coincide or that the delay of the readjustment of the rotational bulge can be neglected in TPW studies. We thus clarify a fundamental issue related to mantle mass heterogeneities and to TPW dynamics.
Published: 2011

43. GRB 110205A: Anatomy of a long gamma-ray burst

Author: Bruce Gendre, Myrtille Laas-Bourez, Frédéric Vachier, Giulia Stratta, F. Kugel, François Colas, M. Boer, Alain Klotz, C. Rinner, Jean-Luc Atteia, Jean Strajnic, ASI Science Data Center (ASDC), Italian Space Agency, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Observatoire Chante-Perdrix, School of Physics, University of Western Australia, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar evolution, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Shock (mechanics), Afterglow, Interstellar medium, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-ray burst, gamma-ray burst: individual: GRB 110205A, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare
Abstract: The Swift burst GRB 110205A was a very bright burst visible in the Northern hemisphere. GRB 110205A was intrinsically long and very energetic and it occurred in a low-density interstellar medium environment, leading to delayed afterglow emission and a clear temporal separation of the main emitting components: prompt emission, reverse shock, and forward shock. Our observations show several remarkable features of GRB 110205A : the detection of prompt optical emission strongly correlated with the BAT light curve, with no temporal lag between the two ; the absence of correlation of the X-ray emission compared to the optical and high energy gamma-ray ones during the prompt phase ; and a large optical re-brightening after the end of the prompt phase, that we interpret as a signature of the reverse shock. Beyond the pedagogical value offered by the excellent multi-wavelength coverage of a GRB with temporally separated radiating components, we discuss several questions raised by our observations: the nature of the prompt optical emission and the spectral evolution of the prompt emission at high-energies (from 0.5 keV to 150 keV) ; the origin of an X-ray flare at the beginning of the forward shock; and the modeling of the afterglow, including the reverse shock, in the framework of the classical fireball model., 21 pages, 5 figure (all in colors), accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2011

44. Exploration of possible GNSS signals in S-band

Author: Mateu, Isidre, Boulanger, Cyrille, Issler, Jean-Luc, Ries, Lionel, Avila-Rodriguez, Jose-Angel, Wallner, Stefan, Kraus, Thomas, Eissfeller, Bernd, Mulassano, Paolo, Caporale, Mario, Germaine, Sylvain, Guyomard, Jean-Yves, Bastide, Frédéric, Godet, Jeremie, Hayes, Dominic, Serant, Damien, Thevenon, Paul, Julien, Olivier, Hein, Günter, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institute of Geodesy and Navigation, Istituto Superiore Mario Boella de Torino, Italian Space Agency, ANFR, European Commission, European Commission [Brussels], Ecole Nationale de l'Aviation Civile (ENAC), European Space Agency, European Space Agency (ESA), and Porte, Laurence
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-DB] Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; Satellite navigation has become such a worldwide priority that many countries are actively deploying or considering their own systems or modernizing those that already exist. As a consequence, the number of signals transmitted in L band will be significantly increased in the next few years so that only scant spectrum will be available for new systems or signals. Since current signals will have to be maintained many years in order to guarantee backward compatibility for legacy receivers, we can foresee that the search for new frequency allocations will be ranked at the highest level with a view to future evolutions of current systems. In this context S-band spectrum between 2483.5 and 2500 MHz, which is already allocated to the radio determination satellite service (RDSS), can be used for satellite navigation - although the allocation in the Radio Regulations is only primary in parts of Asia, Africa and the Americas - is a particularly interesting possibility as synergies with future mobile communication systems in the band immediately above could be exploited to provide both navigation and communication services using one unique S-band terminal with an efficient, common antenna. Only at the next World Radiocommunications Conference in 2012 will the decision be made whether to make the existing patchwork of RDSS allocations global, but the studies completed so far show this to be promising. A global allocation will provide an important opportunity for a worldwide convergence between systems of the mobile satellite service (MSS) and the radio determination/navigation satellite service (RDSS / RNSS). This paper aims to analyze the suitability of this band for navigation purposes as well as the effects that the introduction of these kind of signals would produce on the other radio services present in the same and adjacent bands. We will also present the results obtained from link and error budget calculations and interference assessment that have been performed using various hypothethical of navigation signals in S band. Opportunities for Galileo-2 signals are currently being studied having in mind possible additional frequencies in C and/or S band and/or L band, in complement to the E5a, E5b, E6 and E1 legacy OS, SoL, CS and PRS signals. The paper will give special attention to possible synergies between a hypothetical Galileo-2 S-band signal, IRNSS/GINS and Beidou/COMPASS, which will use L and S bands, other RNSS/RDSS systems and mobile satellite service systems such as GLOBALSTAR-2. These signals will be compared, and synergies between them explored. Several possible waveforms centred on a frequency close to 2491 MHz will be analysed in terms of intersystem interference and in terms of navigation and data transmission performance. The analysed waveforms in Sband will be BPSK(1*1.023 Mcps), BPSK(4*1.023 Mcps), BPSK(8*1.023 Mcps), BOC(1,1) and MBOC.. Power flux density (pfd) and interference computations showing compatibility between a potential Galileo-2 Sband component, S-band GNSS signals, GLOBALSTAR, mobile services (MS) and fixed services (FS) will be presented.
Published: 2009

45. A multiwavelength study of Swift GRB 060111B constraining the origin of its prompt optical emission

Author: Alain Klotz, F. Ienna, Martin Henze, Daniel A. Perley, S. Cutini, Frédéric Vachier, Alexei Pozanenko, Sylvio Klose, Vasilij Rumyantsev, Irek Khamitov, Stéphane Arnouts, S. Basa, V. Biryukov, Bruce Gendre, F. Verrecchia, Jean-Luc Atteia, Mansur Ibrahimov, D. Sharapov, Michel Boer, Stephen T. Holland, G. Stratta, ASI Science Data Center (ASDC), Italian Space Agency, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de l'Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (LATT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg (TLS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, TÜBITAK National Observatory, Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (CrAO), Crimean Laboratory of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Sternberg Astronomical Institute [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU)-Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Canada France Hawaii Telescope corporation, Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation, Department of Astronomy [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], gamma rays: bursts, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Light curve, methods: data analysis, Redshift, Afterglow, Lorentz factor, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Spectral energy distribution, Gamma-ray burst, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: In this work, we present the results obtained from a multi-wavelength campaign, as well as from the public Swift/BAT, XRT, and UVOT data of GRB 060111B for which a bright optical emission was measured with good temporal resolution during the prompt phase. We identified the host galaxy at R~25 mag; its featureless spectral continuum and brightness, as well as the non-detection of any associated supernova 16 days after the trigger and other independent redshift estimates, converge to z~1-2. From the analysis of the early afterglow SED, we find that non-negligible host galaxy dust extinction, in addition to the Galactic one, affects the observed flux in the optical regime. The extinction-corrected optical-to-gamma-ray spectral energy distribution during the prompt emission shows a flux density ratio $F_{\gamma}/F_{opt}$=0.01-0.0001 with spectral index $\beta_{\gamma,opt}> \beta_{\gamma}$, strongly suggesting a separate origin of the optical and gamma-ray components. This result is supported by the lack of correlated behavior in the prompt emission light curves observed in the two energy domains. The properties of the prompt optical emission observed during GRB 060111B favor interpretation of this optical light as radiation from the reverse shock in a thick shell limit and in the slow cooling regime. The expected peak flux is consistent with the observed one corrected for the host extinction, likely indicating that the starting time of the TAROT observations is very near to or coincident with the peak time. The estimated fireball initial Lorentz factor is >260-360 at z=1-2, similar to the Lorentz factors obtained from other GRBs. GRB 060111B is a rare, good test case of the reverse shock emission mechanism in both the X-ray and optical energy ranges., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 15 pages,10 figures and 7 tables
Published: 2009

46. A Terrella Device for Simulating Aurora-Like Phenomena in a Box

Author: Mauro Messerotti, R. Baccomi, D. Iugovaz, Jean Lilensten, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Division of Trieste, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Laboratoire de Planétologie de Grenoble (LPG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI), the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), the Trieste Division of the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN) and the Department of Physics of the Trieste University
Subjects: Physics, Terrella, Aurora, Meteorology, Bar (music), business.industry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space weather, 01 natural sciences, International Heliophysical Year, Magnetic field, Heliosphere, Space and Planetary Science, Magnet, 0103 physical sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Vacuum chamber, Aerospace engineering, 010306 general physics, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar–terrestrial relations
Abstract: International audience; A Terrella device was developed and setup in Trieste in 2006 to be used as an experimental training device during practicum sessions of the Advanced International School on Space Weather at ICTP. The Terrella consisted of a vacuum chamber, where an aluminum sphere with an embedded permanent magnet bar mimics the Earth (Terrella) and its magnetic field, and a system of electrodes is set to a high potential difference to generate an electron flow (particle wind) that ionizes the residual air around the sphere. This results in aurora-like glowing patterns whose geometry is dependent on the orientation and distance of the bar magnet, so that various configurations can be experimented. This Terrella device proved to be an effective tool not only for academic but also for outreach purposes. We will briefly present both applications, focusing in particular on the latter, and on the planned use for IHY EPO activities.
Published: 2009

47. Transient and cyclical hygrothermoelastic stress in laminated composite plates: Modelling and experimental assessment

Author: Marco Gigliotti, Frédéric Jacquemin, Jérôme Molimard, Alain Vautrin, Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Mécanique et Procédés d'Elaboration (MPE-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SMS, Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Maximum curvatures, 02 engineering and technology, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Stress (mechanics), Thermoelastic damping, Optics, 0203 mechanical engineering, Projection method, General Materials Science, Transient response, Instrumentation, Fick's law, Fringe projection method, Deformation (mechanics), business.industry, Transient/cyclical hygrothermal stress, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Curvature measurement, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Plate theory, Displacement field, Transient (oscillation), 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; The present paper is devoted to the modelling and the simulation of hygrothermoelastic stresses in composite laminated plates: the hygrothermal fields are established by employing the Fick's law for transient and cyclical environmental conditions, then the classical laminated plate theory, adapted for taking into account such conditions, is used. The experimental assessment of hygrothermoelastic stresses is performed by measuring the deformation of unsymmetric plates and by adopting the fringe projection method, a full-field optical technique capable to reconstruct the deformed shape of stressed bodies, without any hypothesis on their displacement field. Measurements are performed for plates under pure thermal and transient hygrothermal solicitations. Good agreement is found between numerical simulations and experimental results. The experimental technique turns out to be useful also to identify, through the measurement of curvatures in unsymmetric plates, the thermoelastic properties of the material, coefficients of thermal and hygroscopic expansion.
Published: 2007

48. Modelling and Experimental Characterisation of Hygrothermoelastic Stress in Polymer Matrix Composites

Author: Frédéric Jacquemin, Marco Gigliotti, Jérôme Molimard, Alain Vautrin, Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Mécanique et Procédés d'Elaboration (MPE-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SMS, Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: hygrothermal stress fields, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Moisture, Deformation (mechanics), temperature and moisture fields, Diffusion, Organic Chemistry, Composite number, nonlinear deformations of composite plates, 02 engineering and technology, Composite laminates, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, cyclical hygrothermal load, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Stress (mechanics), Nonlinear system, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 0203 mechanical engineering, Plate theory, Materials Chemistry, Composite material, transient hygrothermal load, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; The present paper is concerned with the modelling and the simulation of hygrothermal deformation of composite laminates. The temperature and moisture fields are established by employing the Fick's law for transient and cyclical environmental conditions, then the Classical Plate Theory (CLT) adapted for taking into account such conditions is applied. The hygrothermoelastic law of the composite is supposed to be constant but the diffusion coefficients depend on the temperature. The paper shows the ability of the model to handle complex environmental loading, close to service conditions. Finally, a model of plate with moderate rotations is introduced to predict the nonlinear deformations of unsymmetric plates under temperature and moisture cycling conditions.
Published: 2007

49. Paracrine Effects of IGF-1 Overexpression on the Functional Decline Due to Skeletal Muscle Disuse: Molecular and Functional Evaluation in Hindlimb Unloaded MLC/mIgf-1 Transgenic Mice

Author: Antonella Liantonio, Gianluca Gramegna, Romeo Betto, Elena Germinario, Emanuele Rizzuto, Daniela Danieli-Betto, Antonio Musarò, Annamaria De Luca, Jean-François Desaphy, Claudio Digennaro, Diana Conte Camerino, Gabriella Dobrowolny, Giulia Maria Camerino, Maria Cannone, Sabata Pierno, Michela De Bellis, Department of Pharmacy & Drug Sciences, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Licryl Laboratory (CNR-IPCF UOS Cosenza), Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] (Unical), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Padova, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council [Italy] (CNR), Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic [Roma] (DAHFMO), Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], and This work was supported by the Italian Space Agency grants to D. Conte Camerino (project OSMA ‘Osteoporosis and Muscle Atrophy’).
Subjects: Anatomy and Physiology, CHANNEL REGULATION, Muscle Functions, GROWTH-FACTOR-I, FOXO TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS, CHLORIDE CONDUCTANCE, CHANNEL REGULATION, GENE-EXPRESSION, ATROPHY, HYPERTROPHY, PROTEIN, ACTIVATION, PROTEIN, lcsh:Medicine, Hindlimb, ACTIVATION, Weight-Bearing, Cytosol, 0302 clinical medicine, Drug Discovery, Molecular Cell Biology, Myosin, Biomacromolecule-Ligand Interactions, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, lcsh:Science, Muscle Components, Musculoskeletal System, GENE-EXPRESSION, 0303 health sciences, FOXO TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS, Multidisciplinary, Behavior, Animal, Mechanisms of Signal Transduction, Muscle atrophy, Electrophysiology, Muscular Atrophy, Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch, medicine.anatomical_structure, CHLORIDE CONDUCTANCE, Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch, Muscle, medicine.symptom, Research Article, Biotechnology, Signal Transduction, Muscle Contraction, Muscle contraction, medicine.medical_specialty, Myosin Light Chains, Myosin light-chain kinase, Biochemical Phenomena, Rest, Biophysics, Endocrine System, Mice, Transgenic, Biology, Signaling Pathways, ATROPHY, Muscle Types, 03 medical and health sciences, Atrophy, Chloride Channels, Internal medicine, GROWTH-FACTOR-I, Paracrine Communication, medicine, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Muscle, Skeletal, 030304 developmental biology, Soleus muscle, lcsh:R, Body Weight, Skeletal muscle, medicine.disease, Rats, HYPERTROPHY, Endocrinology, Gene Expression Regulation, lcsh:Q, Calcium, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Slow-twitch muscles, devoted to postural maintenance, experience atrophy and weakness during muscle disuse due to bed-rest, aging or spaceflight. These conditions impair motion activities and can have survival implications. Human and animal studies demonstrate the anabolic role of IGF-1 on skeletal muscle suggesting its interest as a muscle disuse countermeasure. Thus, we tested the role of IGF-1 overexpression on skeletal muscle alteration due to hindlimb unloading (HU) by using MLC/mIgf-1 transgenic mice expressing IGF-1 under the transcriptional control of MLC promoter, selectively activated in skeletal muscle. HU produced atrophy in soleus muscle, in terms of muscle weight and fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) reduction, and up-regulation of atrophy gene MuRF1. In parallel, the disuse-induced slow-to-fast fiber transition was confirmed by an increase of the fast-type of the Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC), a decrease of PGC-1α expression and an increase of histone deacetylase-5 (HDAC5). Consistently, functional parameters such as the resting chloride conductance (gCl) together with ClC-1 chloride channel expression were increased and the contractile parameters were modified in soleus muscle of HU mice. Surprisingly, IGF-1 overexpression in HU mice was unable to counteract the loss of muscle weight and the decrease of fiber CSA. However, the expression of MuRF1 was recovered, suggesting early effects on muscle atrophy. Although the expression of PGC-1α and MHC were not improved in IGF-1-HU mice, the expression of HDAC5 was recovered. Importantly, the HU-induced increase of gCl was fully contrasted in IGF-1 transgenic mice, as well as the changes in contractile parameters. These results indicate that, even if local expression does not seem to attenuate HU-induced atrophy and slow-to-fast phenotype transition, it exerts early molecular effects on gene expression which can counteract the HU-induced modification of electrical and contractile properties. MuRF1 and HDAC5 can be attractive therapeutic targets for pharmacological countermeasures and then deserve further investigations.
Published: 2013

50. Assessment of approximate models to evaluate transient and cyclical hygrothermoelastic stress in composite plates

Author: Frédéric Jacquemin, Marco Gigliotti, Alain Vautrin, Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), Italian Space Agency, Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Mécanique et Procédés d'Elaboration (MPE-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SMS, Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Engineering, Fick’s law, Field (physics), Composite number, 02 engineering and technology, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Stress (mechanics), 0203 mechanical engineering, Lamination theory, Materials Science(all), Modelling and Simulation, General Materials Science, Fick's law, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Applied Mathematics, Transient/cyclical hygrothermal stress, Structural engineering, Analytical 3D solution, Simplified CLT solution, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Modeling and Simulation, Transient (oscillation), 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; The present paper aims at assessing an approximate model to evaluate hygrothermoelastic stress in composite laminated plates. The approximate model is based on straight hypotheses (classical lamination theory of plates) and is able to simulate the effects of complex hygrothermal conditionings, such as those encountered in the life of real structures. For the purpose of the assessment, a 3D analytical solution for hygrothermally stressed plates is employed. The approximate model for plates is also compared to an analytical model for cylinders under transient and cyclical hygrothermal loads [Jacquemin, F., Vautrin, A., 2002a. Modelling of the moisture concentration field due to cyclical hygrothermal conditions in thick laminated pipes. European Journal of Mechanics – A/Solids 21, 845–855; Jacquemin, F., Vautrin, A., 2002b. A closed-form solution for the internal stresses in thick composite cylinders induced by cyclical environmental conditions. Composite Structures 58, 1–9]. This is done in order to assess the capabilities and the limits of a simplified model for plates to represent also the behaviour of cylinders.
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