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Specific morphological and functional changes in the liver in acute obturative cholecystitis have been experimentally studied in 30 dogs and clinically examined in 21 patients. No morphological substrate of liver insufficiency were found in early period of acute obturative cholecystitis. Early changes in the liver are of reactive nature and have the features of active nonspecific hepatitis. The reactions of compensation and decompensation are changing each other periodically. The intensive reactions of compensation take place in the first 2 or 3 days of disease. The reactions of compensation weaken gradually. There is no correlation between changes in the liver and in blood serum. The early surgery and laparoscopic procedures in acute obturative cholecystitis are advocated.

The analysis of treatment of 769 patients with acute mastitis enabled the authors to recommend the method of active surgical treatment which allowed shortening the time of the hospital and following ambulant treatment of the patients. The immune reactivity was found to be decreased in patients with severe and continuous course of the disease. So, the complex therapy of such patients must include immunological drugs.

In the last decade 323 patients were operated on in the clinic for purulent bursitis; the abscess was opened and the dressing was changed daily. With the traditional method of treatment, the duration of management was 22.9 +/- 3.5 days in each patient. A method is suggested for the treatment of acute purulent bursitis by fraction irrigation of the purulent cavity by means of a drainage-irrigation system based on the puncture techniques. It was applied in 42 patients and shortened the duration of their treatment to 9.3 +/- 2.3 days, i. e. almost by 2.5 times. Moreover, a good functional and cosmetic effect was produced.

Rat experiments have revealed the relationship between the liver pathomorphosis and the small-intestinal fistulae situated at various levels (high, low, or medium-height). Vacuolar dystrophy of the hepatocytes was found to be the major pathology in fistulae of the small intestine.

The experiments on 60 mongrel rats with hepatic failure due to small intestinal fistulas of high and medium location were carried out for the examination of amino acid spectrum in the animal plasma. 16 free amino acids were studied by ion-exchange chromatography. It has been established that hepatic failure due to small intestinal fistulas is characterized by the reduction of the total amino acid content by 20-30%. These changes were brought about mainly by the reduction of glucoblastic and essential amino acids. A dramatic (400%) increase in His and a slight (20%) increase in Asp were noted in high fistulas. The changes were caused by profound losses through fistulas which markedly activated gluconeogenesis and led to full exhaustion of amino acid reserves. It was concluded that the question of diagnostic amino acid value should be considered taking into account the amount of losses and the activity of gluconeogenesis in the pathogenesis of hepatic failure.

Seven patients with submucosal lipomas of the colon of various localization were treated at the clinic over 25 years. Planned operations were carried out on 4 and emergency operations on 3 patients for complications (obstruction of the intestine by a tumor and intestinal hemorrhage due to ulceration of the tumor extended from the mucosa). The variety of the clinical course allows the precise diagnosis to be made in rare cases only by means of colonoscopy and target biopsy. In a precisely established diagnosis, saving organ-preserving operations can be undertaken.