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The aim of this study was to verify the pattern and the spatial and temporal behavior of the corn earworm and corn-silk fly in the corn crop. Hybrid corn was planted without chemical insect control in one hectare, this area was divided into 100 plots of 100 m². For the occurrence of Euxesta spp. all parts of the plants were visually analyzed, whereas for Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) 10 ears were removed at random from each plot, totaling 1,000 ears per sample. Population fluctuation was related to the phenological stages of corn. For spatial behavior, the dispersion indices, frequency distribution models and geostatistics (Krigagem) were analyzed. The corn earworm (small and large) and corn-silk fly showed aggregate pattern and spatial behavior. The reach of caterpillars 1 cm, with spatial dependence being considered moderate. The corn-silk fly had a maximum area of influence of 1.33 ha with moderate and weak spatial dependence. The maps demonstrated that these insects occur dispersed throughout the corn area, but with aggregations influenced by the adjacent areas and edges of the crop. The largest occurrence of corn earworms was at the R3 stage. It was also found that the corn-silk fly followed the occurrence of the corn earworm. It is concluded that the studied pests have an aggregate spatial tendency in the corn crop and with the influence of adjacent areas, in addition to presenting related population peaks in the reproductive period of the corn crop.

The state of Pará has oil palm plantings of different ages and distinct genotypes. The understanding of which factors influence the occurrence and abundance of defoliating caterpillars in palm groves is paramount for control strategies based on integrated pest management (IPM). This study quantified the effect of oil palm age independently, and that of oil palm age and genotype, on the occurrence and abundance of defoliating caterpillars. Data were collected from 1994–2014 and consisted of counting the average number of caterpillars/leaf/parcel. For Opsiphanes invirae and Talima sp., leaf 17 was sampled; for Acharia spp., Euclea sp., Euprosterna elaeasa, Natada sp., and Automeris liberia, leaf 25 was sampled. For Oiketicus kirbyi, Antaeotricha sp., and Brassolis sophorae no specific leaf was considered. Palm trees were classified into three groups: young palm trees (0–8 years after planting), adult palm trees (9–19 years after planting), and old palm trees (over 20 years after planting). Talima sp. showed the highest population peak followed by O. invirae, Acharia spp., Elaeis elaeasa and Euclea sp. This study concludes that genotype has an impact on the infestation by defoliating caterpillars. Also, oil palms at reproductive age are more prone to higher infestation levels than young trees. While population levels of defoliating caterpillars are low in general, outbreaks are frequent. Importantly, intraspecific genotypes are more vulnerable than interspecific genotypes to infestations by defoliating caterpillars. This study contributes to the bioecological knowledge on defoliating caterpillars on oil palm and therefore provides important information to strengthen integrated pest management practices.

Crop pests have negative impacts on yield. This paper proposes a spatiotemporal geostatistical modeling to compare data of adult Syrphidae fly count and corn leaf aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) colonies in corn crops. The use of a geostatistical model that allows the space-time variation makes the approach more interesting because it is a more complete model. Multiple regression was used to model the trend component for the variable response adult Syrphidae fly count and corn leaf aphid colonies, with the coordinates serving as covariates and the spatiotemporal variations around the deviation are described by a random spacetime residual field. Finally, the prediction map obtained by kriging may be a biological indicator of possible corn leaf aphid colonies in the corn crop. It was possible to verify that the occurrence of the pest provided a significant increase in adult predators and seminatural habitats may favor populations of natural enemies.

Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are phytophagous insects that transmit diseases and cause damage to this crop. Thus, the main goal of this study was to verify the spatiotemporal behavior of the leafhoppers Tapajosa ocellata (Osborn, 1926), Dechacona missionum (Berg, 1879), and Dalbulus maidis (DeLong, 1923) in a corn field in Igarape-Acu, northeastern Para, northern Brazil. An area of 1.0 ha was used for the development of the study. A mango agroecosystem, a pasture, and secondary forest fragment are adjacent to the experimental area. The sampling of leafhoppers occurred during the 2015 and 2016 harvests. For sampling, 10 random plants per plot were analyzed, totaling 1000 plants per sample. In order to verify the occurrence of leafhoppers, all aerial parts of the plants were analyzed visually. The spatiotemporal behavior of leafhoppers and influence of adjacent areas and phenological stages of corn were verified through geostatistics. From the composition of semivariograms, interpolation maps were constructed by kriging. The results showed that, in 2015, there was a higher incidence of D. maidis compared to the following year. In 2016, 352 individuals of T. ocellata and 66 of D. missionum were observed. Regarding the spatial distribution, it was found that the smallest area of influence of T. ocellata, D. missionum, and D. maidis was 0.09, 0.08, and 0.05 ha, respectively. The spatial distribution of leafhoppers showed an aggregate behavior concentrated close to adjacent areas with a predominance of grasses. Population fluctuation demonstrated that the highest incidence of leafhoppers occurs in the vegetative stages of corn.

VIABILIDADE TÉCNICA DA PRODUÇÃO DE PEPINO JAPONÊS SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO THAYANA CRISTINA DE ANDRADE RODRIGUES1; JOAQUIM ALVES DE LIMA JUNIOR2; RODRIGO OTÁVIO RODRIGUES DE MELO SOUZA3; CANDIDO FERREIRA DE OLIVEIRA NETO4 E IVAN CARLOS FERNANDES MARTINS5 1Engª Agrônoma, Mestre em Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia – UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Av. Pres. Tancredo Neves nº 2501, Terra Firme, CEP:66077-830, Belém-PA, Brasil, E-mail: thayana23@gmail.com. 2Professor Adjunto, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, campus Capanema, Rua João Pessoa nº 121, Centro, CEP:68700-030, Capanema-PA, Brasil, E-mail: joaquim.junior@ufra.edu.br. 3Professor Associado, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Av. Pres. Tancredo Neves nº 2501, Terra Firme, CEP:66077-830, Belém-PA, Brasil, E-mail: rodrigo.souza@ufra.edu.br. 4Professor Associado, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Av. Pres. Tancredo Neves nº 2501, Terra Firme, CEP:66077-830, Belém-PA, Brasil, E-mail: candido.neto@ufra.edu.br. 5Professor Adjunto, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, campus Capanema, Rua João Pessoa nº 121, Centro, CEP:68700-030, Capanema-PA, Brasil, E-mail: ivan.martins@ufra.edu.br. 1 RESUMO A deficiência hídrica é normalmente o fator que mais limita a produtividade e qualidade de hortaliças. Neste cenário, a irrigação surge como um importante fator de produção, além de promotor da máxima produtividade e da qualidade do produto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar um manejo adequado da irrigação por gotejamento, com minitanque evaporimétrico, para o desenvolvimento e produção do pepino japonês em ambiente protegido. O ensaio foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, município de Igarapé – Açu/PA. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, aplicando-se lâminas de 30, 60, 90,120 e 150% baseadas na evaporação do minitanque. Observou-se que de modo geral, tanto a deficiência quanto o excesso hídrico afetaram negativamente as variáveis analisadas. Os melhores índices de produtividade e crescimento foram encontrados nas lâminas de 90 e 120% da ECA e a maior eficiência do uso da água, obtida com as menores lâminas de irrigação, sendo o valor máximo, de 2842,53 kg ha-1 mm-1, encontrado no tratamento com 30 % da ECA. Palavras-chave: Cucumis sativus L.; evaporação; gotejamento; manejo de água. RODRIGUES, T.C.A.; LIMA JÚNIOR, J.A.; DE MELO SOUZA, R.O.R.; OLIVEIRA NETO, C. F.; MARTINS, I.C.F. TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OF JAPANESE CUCUMBER PRODUCTION SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT IRRIGATION BLADES 2 ABSTRACT Water deficiency is usually the factor that most limits the productivity and quality of vegetables. In this scenario, irrigation appears as an important factor of production, besides promoting the maximum productivity and product quality. The objective of this work was to identify an adequate management of drip irrigation, with reduced pan, for the development and production of japanese cucumber in a protected environment. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Rural Federal University of Amazônia, county of Igarapé - Açu - PA. A randomized block design with five treatments and four replicates was used, with slides of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150% based on the evaporation of a modified pan. It was observed that, in general, both the deficiency and the water excess negatively affected the analyzed variables. The best productivity and growth indexes were found in the 90% and 120% ECA slides and the highest water use efficiency obtained with the lowest irrigation depths. The maximum value was 2842.53 kg ha-1 mm- 1, found in the treatment with 30% ECA. Keywords: Cucumis sativus L.; drip irrigation; evaporation; water management

The aim of this study was to verify the spatial and temporal behavior of corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch.) and hoverflies in corn crop in the municipality of Igarapé-Açu, northeast of Pará, Brazil, as well as the influence of adjacent areas on the occurrence of these insects. An experimental area of 1.0 ha (100 x 100 m) was used in the years 2015 and 2016, adjacent areas consisted of mango agroecosystem, pasture and secondary forest. The area was divided into grid with 100 plots of 100 m² (10 x 10 m). Ten plants were randomly selected, totaling 1,000 plants per sampling date. Corn leaf aphid colonies (= or> 15 aphid) and syrphid flies adult was visually analyzed throughout the aerial parts of the plants. The spatial behavior was analyzed by semivariogram modeling and kriging interpolation maps. The semivariograms and kriging maps were made by the R software for Windows. Gaussian, spherical and exponential models were the best fit for corn leaf aphid in both harvests, showing aggregate behavior. The strong and moderate spatial dependence index prevailed, with range ranging from 12.46 to 93.04 m for R. maidis. The syrphids flies showed spatial interaction with the corn leaf aphid and they also show aggregate behavior, confirmed by most adjustments in the spherical and exponential models. The spatial dependence index of the prevailing syrphids flies were moderate and weak, ranging from 14.00 to 101.33 m. Adjacent areas showed influence on occurrence and dispersal of both corn leaf aphid and syrphids flies.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-11T22:56:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The true bug Neomegalotomus parvus (Westwood) is known as an insect pest of some agricultural crops. However, is limited information on the behavior and influence of environmental factors on its occurrence in the field. This study aimed to determine the population dynamics and spatial distribution of N. parvus in soybean and corn crops with presence of a refuge area. Conducted this study in an area with soybean/corn crop succession, and with fallow period both where there was a beetle bank, to assess the spatial distribution pattern of N. parvus and to link their eventual aggregation and colonization to the presence of a beetle bank. We also evaluated the influence of rainfall, air temperature and the phenological stages of the crops on the temporal distribution of this true bug. The results showed that N. parvus has an aggregated pattern of spatial distribution and that aggregation and colonization is related to the agricultural field but does not benefit from the presence of the beetle bank. The higher abundance of N. parvus occurred during the corn crop period when the grains were physiologically mature and when there was reduced rainfall and milder temperatures. These results may contribute to the development of a management plan for N. parvus, where actions could be directed. Univ Fed Rural de Amazonia, Campus Capanema, Capanema, PA, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Embrapa Trigo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:21:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:31:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84782018000700150.pdf: 823653 bytes, checksum: f620601872a54e1de34ba6da51bc45a2 (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação This study validated the use of leaf 17 on the sampling of Opsiphanes invirae Hübner (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) through the quantification of caterpillar abundance on the different spirals leaves, in comparison to leaf 17, and, on the apical, intermediate and basal leaf regions. This study was performed in the state of Pará, between March-2014 and March-2015. Results confirmed that leaf 17 is the most adequate method for monitoring this defoliator pest. Superintendência do Desenvolvimento da Amazônia Laboratório de Entomologia Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Trav. Enéas Pinheiro, s/n Grupo Agropalma S/A Departamento de Ciências Exatas Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) Departamento de Ciências Exatas Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

The Ground beetles occurrence in agricultural areas can contribute to pest control as well as indicate environmental quality. This study aimed to evaluate the composition of the Carabidae community in an agricultural area of annual crops. Ninety-six pitfall traps were installed in a grid 10 meters apart. The experimental area had one hectare in a double-cropping system of soybean (summer) and corn (autumn-winter) followed by a fallow period. Ground beetle composition analysis was performed using ANAFAU software. We collected 42 species and 1537 specimens of Carabidae distributed in 14 tribes. Harpalini tribe was the most common compared to the others. Were considered predominant, in the fauna analysis, the species Calosoma alternans granulatum Perty, 1830, Selenophorus discopunctatus Dejean, 1829, Selenophorus alternans Dejean, 1829, Selenophorus sp.1, Tetracha brasiliensis (Kirby, 1819), Abaris basistriata Chaudoir, 1873 and Galerita collaris Dejean, 1826. Thus, a diverse and abundant Carabidae community was identified in that cropping system.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:30:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:32:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1413-70542016000100057.pdf: 2364698 bytes, checksum: 1dba1b68abb8ee7b2432395dbfb2bd29 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Universidade Estadual Paulista Abaris basistriata, a beetle species dominant in agroecosystems and natural habitats, may benefit from the establishment of nearby refuge areas or crop field centers. To confirm this hypothesis, we analyzed the spatial distribution of the species and verified the population dynamics of this predator in a soybean/corn rotation crop and a central refuge area. The 1-ha experimental area was divided in half by a range of herbaceous plants (2 m in width and 80 m in length). Beetle samples were collected using pitfall traps every fortnight during the in-season and every month during the off-season (a total of 27 sampling occurrences). Population fluctuation was analyzed by correlating the total number of specimens with plant phenology. We used multiple regression analysis with variable (stepwise) selection to examine the influence of meteorological factors on species occurrence. To determine the spatial distribution, data were analyzed using dispersion indices and probabilistic models based on the Coleoptera frequency distribution. Distribution visualization was assessed using a linear interpolation map. A total of 143 A. basistriata specimens were collected, with 83 from the soybean/corn area and 60 from the refuge area. Periods of large population size occurred during a season with high rainfall and high maximum and minimum temperatures. On the basis of the spatial distribution analysis of A. basistriata, it is likely that the beetles occur in an aggregate form, preferably in the refuge area. Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia/UFRA Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/FCAV Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/FCAV

A irrigação é uma tecnologia que requer investimentos significativos e está associada à utilização intensiva de insumos agrícolas, tornando importante o estudo econômico dos componentes envolvidos na agricultura irrigada. Neste intuito, objetivou‑se realizar uma análise econômica com base na teoria dos custos de produção, obtida ao comparar a receita média ou preço recebido pelo produto com os custos totais médios gerados no sistema produtivo da pimenta cv. Lupita sobre diferentes lâminas de irrigação. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (FEIGA), município de Igarapé‑Açu‑PA, adotado o espaçamento de 1,2 m entre linhas e 0,80 m entre plantas. O delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC) com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, os tratamentos corresponderam a cinco lâminas de água aplicadas em função de percentagens da lâmina evaporada do tanque classe “A”, ou seja: T30 = 30%, T60 = 60%, T90 = 90%, T120 = 120%, T150 = 150%. Para o procedimento de estimativa do custo de produção, realizou‑se a soma dos valores de todos os recursos e operações utilizados no processo produtivo, desde a produção das mudas até a terceira colheita ocorrida aos 120 dias após o transplantio. Foi feito o cálculo da depreciação e do custo alternativo. Para estimar o custo de produção neste trabalho, os valores foram aproximados em reais (R$). Constatou-se que a produtividade foi afetada pelos níveis de reposição de água, com a máxima alcançada aos 101% da percentagem da lâmina evaporada, e que os custos totais variaram inversamente com relação aos lucros. O melhor desempenho econômico foi identificado aos 101% da ECA.

The interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) and the aphid parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae McIntoch (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Nymphs of Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were first exposed to parasitoid females for 24 h and then 0, 24, and 48 h afterwards sprayed with a solution of B. bassiana. Likewise, aphids were also sprayed with B. bassiana and then exposed to parasitoids at 0, 24, and 48 h afterwards. Parasitism rate varied from 13 to 66.5%, and were significantly lower in treatments where the two agents were exposed within a 0-24 h time interval compared with the control (without B. bassiana). Parasitoid emergence was negatively affected in treatments with B. bassiana spraying and subsequent exposure to D. rapae. Decreases in longevity of adult females of the D. rapae F1 generation were observed in treatments with B. bassiana spraying. The application of these two biological control agents can be used in combination on the control of M. persicae, wherein this use requires effective time management to avoid antagonistic interactions.

Haplaxius crudus is the primary vector of the phytoplasma that causes the Lethal Yellowing of Coconut, a disease that has become a barrier to the establishment of large coconut plantations in the world. The objective of this study was to determine the spatial distribution pattern and population dynamics of H. crudus adults by correlating them with the abiotic factors, such as temperature and rainfall in commercial dwarf coconut palm plantations. Collection of American palm cixiid was carried out using yellow sticky traps fixed to the abaxial part of the coconut leaves. The sampled plants were georeferenced to obtain the geographic coordinates and geostatistical analysis, besides the planialtimetric survey of the experimental plot for the preparation of the map that shows the topographic conformation of the terrain. Insects were found at the study site throughout the year, showing greater abundance in months when the average monthly temperatures and rainfall were not significant. The climatic factors showed a correlation with the total of insects, positive for the temperature, with 0.733 and negative for the precipitation with -0.606. The spatial distribution of H. crudus displayed an aggregate pattern, explained by the spherical model. The infestation focus occurred in the periphery of the plot, near a Brachiaria humidicola pasture. It was concluded that the infestation of the H. crudus showed a behavior directly related to the local climatic conditions and the aggregate spatial distribution explained by the spherical model, therefore, forming shrubs with a radius of 154 to 190 m, with areas of influence between 7.45 and 17.80 ha, which coincide with the lower part of the terrain.

The fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda) causes damage and reduction in maize production and is considered a pest difficult to control, thus determining its spatial distribution pattern contributes to the development of suitable sampling and control strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of Spodoptera frugiperda in maize culture under the conditions of the wasteland of southern Pernambuco state. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of Brejao - ‘Instituto Agronomico do Pernambuco’ (IPA) from April to May 2012. The study area consisted of 100 plots of 60 m2, where 10 plants per plot were weekly sampled at random. In each plant, the number of small and large larvae of S. frugiperda was counted on the leaves and the husk of ears. According to the data observed, the aggregation indices (variance/mean ratio, Morisita’s index, Green’s Index, and Exponential k of a negative binomial distribution) indicated aggregate distribution for both small and large caterpillars, and the negative binomial distribution was the most appropriate model to represent the distribution pattern of small larvae of this pest in the field. In maize crop in the wasteland of southern Pernambuco state, S. frugiperda presents aggregate pattern of distribution and tends to spread from the points of aggregation and colonize form the border into the center of cultures.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:54:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0006-87052012000400004.pdf: 1481623 bytes, checksum: 0bef5ea080ce5bcbe767a830f5ea5090 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:54:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0006-87052012000400004.pdf: 1481623 bytes, checksum: 0bef5ea080ce5bcbe767a830f5ea5090 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:54:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0006-87052012000400004.pdf: 1481623 bytes, checksum: 0bef5ea080ce5bcbe767a830f5ea5090 (MD5) S0006-87052012000400004.pdf.txt: 34929 bytes, checksum: ff6b23159cafef98b48b6cb31d40e689 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:15:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0006-87052012000400004.pdf: 1481623 bytes, checksum: 0bef5ea080ce5bcbe767a830f5ea5090 (MD5) S0006-87052012000400004.pdf.txt: 34929 bytes, checksum: ff6b23159cafef98b48b6cb31d40e689 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:15:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0006-87052012000400004.pdf: 1481623 bytes, checksum: 0bef5ea080ce5bcbe767a830f5ea5090 (MD5) S0006-87052012000400004.pdf.txt: 34929 bytes, checksum: ff6b23159cafef98b48b6cb31d40e689 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a diversidade e abundância de adultos de Carabidae e Staphylinidae em duas áreas, constituídas por fragmentos florestais e culturas de soja/milho sob sistemas de plantio convencional e direto, e analisar a distribuição e a preferência desses insetos para o habitat. Os besouros foram amostrados com o uso de 48 armadilhas de solo do tipo Pitfall. em ambas as áreas experimentais, foram instalados dois transectos paralelos de armadilhas; cada transecto teve 100 m na culturas e 100 m no fragmento florestal. Na borda entre a cultura e o fragmento de floresta foram instaladas quatro armadilhas, que ficaram distantes entre si por 1 m e as outras armadilhas, a cada 10 m. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise faunística e a preferência das espécies para o habitat foi obtida pela análise cluster. Pelos resultados, observa-se que o tipo de sistema de cultivo (convencional ou plantio direto) pode ter influenciado a diversidade de espécies de Carabidae e Staphylinidae. A análise de cluster evidenciou que os carabídeos tiveram preferência por um habitat específico. Neste estudo, a distribuição de carabídeos e estafilinídeos nos três habitats mostraram que estes besouros têm potencial para se dispersarem em grandes distâncias no interior da cultura. The present study had as objective determine the diversity and abundance of adults Carabidae and Staphylinidae in two areas, constituted by forest fragment and soybean/corn crops under conventional tillage and no-tillage systems and to analyze the distribution and preference of those beetles for the habitat. The beetles were sampled with 48 pitfall traps. In both experimental areas, two parallel transects of pitfall traps were installed. Each transect had 100 m in the crop and 100 m in the forest fragment. Four traps were close to each other (1 m) in the edge between the crop and the forest fragment, the other traps were installed each 10 m. The obtained data were submitted to the faunistic analysis and the preference of the species by habitat was obtained by cluster analysis. The results demonstrated that the type of crop system (conventional tillage or no-tillage) might have influenced the diversity of species of Carabidae and Staphylinidae. The cluster analysis evidenced that the carabids may prefer a specific habitat. In the present study, the distribution of carabids and staphylinids in the three habitats showed that these beetles have potential to be dispersed at great distances inside the crop. Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Fitossanidade Instituto Biológico Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sanidade Vegetal UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Fitossanidade

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-28T14:12:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000314077600029.pdf: 2055638 bytes, checksum: eaaeb1986144db9638dd63aa5e86a672 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:53:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000314077600029.pdf: 2055638 bytes, checksum: eaaeb1986144db9638dd63aa5e86a672 (MD5) WOS000314077600029.pdf.txt: 20775 bytes, checksum: fa8fe4b920d8f19b83d2e6f2301c15d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:14:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000314077600029.pdf: 2055638 bytes, checksum: eaaeb1986144db9638dd63aa5e86a672 (MD5) WOS000314077600029.pdf.txt: 20775 bytes, checksum: fa8fe4b920d8f19b83d2e6f2301c15d7 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:14:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000314077600029.pdf: 2055638 bytes, checksum: eaaeb1986144db9638dd63aa5e86a672 (MD5) WOS000314077600029.pdf.txt: 20775 bytes, checksum: fa8fe4b920d8f19b83d2e6f2301c15d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-01 The objective of this study was to elucidate population fluctuations of spider and ant species in forest fragments and adjacent soybean and corn crops under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems, and their correlations with meteorological factors. From Nov 2004 to Apr 2007 sampling of these arthropods at Guaira, São Paulo state was done biweekly during the cropping season and monthly during the periods between crops. To obtain samples at each experimental site, pitfall traps were distributed in 2 transects of 200 m of which 100 m was in the crop, and 100 m was in the forest fragment. Temperature and rainfall were found to have major impacts on fluctuations in population densities of ants of the genus, Pheidole, in soybean and corn crops both grown with conventional tillage and no tillage systems. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Fitossanidade, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Fitossanidade, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

The present study had as objective determine the diversity and abundance of adults Carabidae and Staphylinidae in two areas, constituted by forest fragment and soybean/corn crops under conventional tillage and no-tillage systems and to analyze the distribution and preference of those beetles for the habitat. The beetles were sampled with 48 pitfall traps. In both experimental areas, two parallel transects of pitfall traps were installed. Each transect had 100 m in the crop and 100 m in the forest fragment. Four traps were close to each other (1 m) in the edge between the crop and the forest fragment, the other traps were installed each 10 m. The obtained data were submitted to the faunistic analysis and the preference of the species by habitat was obtained by cluster analysis. The results demonstrated that the type of crop system (conventional tillage or no-tillage) might have influenced the diversity of species of Carabidae and Staphylinidae. The cluster analysis evidenced that the carabids may prefer a specific habitat. In the present study, the distribution of carabids and staphylinids in the three habitats showed that these beetles have potential to be dispersed at great distances inside the crop.Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a diversidade e abundância de adultos de Carabidae e Staphylinidae em duas áreas, constituídas por fragmentos florestais e culturas de soja/milho sob sistemas de plantio convencional e direto, e analisar a distribuição e a preferência desses insetos para o habitat. Os besouros foram amostrados com o uso de 48 armadilhas de solo do tipo Pitfall. Em ambas as áreas experimentais, foram instalados dois transectos paralelos de armadilhas; cada transecto teve 100 m na culturas e 100 m no fragmento florestal. Na borda entre a cultura e o fragmento de floresta foram instaladas quatro armadilhas, que ficaram distantes entre si por 1 m e as outras armadilhas, a cada 10 m. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise faunística e a preferência das espécies para o habitat foi obtida pela análise cluster. Pelos resultados, observa-se que o tipo de sistema de cultivo (convencional ou plantio direto) pode ter influenciado a diversidade de espécies de Carabidae e Staphylinidae. A análise de cluster evidenciou que os carabídeos tiveram preferência por um habitat específico. Neste estudo, a distribuição de carabídeos e estafilinídeos nos três habitats mostraram que estes besouros têm potencial para se dispersarem em grandes distâncias no interior da cultura.

Faunistic and statistical analyses of species diversity of the mimercofauna and araneofauna associated with variously managed agricultural fields and adjacent forest fragments and their interactions with Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) are needed to identify the key species affecting the dynamics within the arthropod population affecting the agroecosystem. This knowledge is needed to devise more effective integrated pest management programs. In this study, a population survey of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and spiders (Araneae) was performed. The aims of this work were to determine the dominant species, to examine the fauna through several indexes and to evaluate the occurrence of adverse interaction between these arthropods and Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera). The experimental areas were located in Guaira City, Sao Paulo, Brazil, which consists of forest fragments and soybean/corn crops under no-tillage and conventional systems. The arthropods were sampled by pitfall traps from Nov 2004 to Apr 2007. The traps were distributed along 2 transects of 200 m long with 100 m each in 2 fields in corn/soybean rotations and 100 m in the forest fragments adjacent to these agricultural fields. The fauna were characterized by diversity indices, evenness, similarity, abundance, dominance, frequency and consistency and interspecific interactions by Pearson’s correlation. The ants, Pheidole spp. and Camponotus blandus, and the spider, Trochosa sp. were dominant in the no-till and conventionally tilled corn/soybean fields. The diversities of spider and ant species were high in the forest fragments, and at the forest-crop interface. Indeed ant species were highly and similarly diverse in all of the habitats, whereas the diversity of ant species was substantially less in no-till than in conventionally tilled corn/soybean fields. The density of the ant, Pheidole sp.1, correlated negatively with that of spiders, carabids, and staphylinids in the no-till soybean/corn fields.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-02T12:39:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-12-01Bitstream added on 2015-02-02T13:07:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1983-40632010000400021.pdf: 224704 bytes, checksum: b2d0d7122ede86c296cf219b5697c5a1 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Com o objetivo de estudar a abundância e a diversidade de artrópodes predadores associados à cultura do algodoeiro e analisar a influência de fatores meteorológicos, interações entre inimigos naturais e a dinâmica populacional de coccinelídeos associados à sua principal presa, o pulgão Aphis gossypii, um experimento foi realizado na região de Ipameri (GO), no Campus da Universidade Estadual de Goiás. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos, constituídos pelas cultivares DeltaOPAL, FMX 966, FMX 993, FMX 910 e NuOPAL, em quatro repetições. Dentre os artrópodes observados na cultura do algodoeiro, os coccinelídeos e as aranhas foram os mais abundantes, nas cultivares avaliadas. As aranhas ocorreram em todo o ciclo do algodoeiro. Já os coccinelídeos aumentaram sua população, gradativamente, até 55 DAE, apresentando pico populacional aos 34 DAE, coincidindo com o pico populacional dos pulgões A. gossypii. Dentre os coccinelídeos observados nas cultivares em estudo, verificou-se que Scymnus spp. foi o gênero mais abundante no algodoeiro. Os pentatomídeos e forficulídeos predominaram dos 99 aos 128 dias após a emergência do algodão, período que corresponde à maior densidade de pragas-alvo destes insetos. Verificou-se que não houve influência dos fatores meteorológicos e nem interação negativa entre os artrópodes predadores. With the objective of studying the abundance and diversity of predaceous arthropods associated with cotton crop, and analyze the influence of meteorological factors, interactions between natural enemies and population dynamics of coccinellids associated with their principal prey, the aphid Aphis gossypii, an experiment was carried out in the region of Ipameri, Goiás State, Brazil, at the Universidade Estadual de Goiás campus. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five treatments, consisting of the DeltaOPAL, FMX 966, FMX 993, FMX 910, and NuOPAL cultivars, in four replications. Among the arthropods sampled in the cotton crop, the coccinellids and spiders were the most abundant ones in the cultivars evaluated. Spiders occurred throughout the cotton cycle, while the coccinellids population increased gradually until 55 DAE, showing a population peak at 34 DAE, coinciding with the population peak of aphids (Aphis gossypii). Among the coccinellids observed in the cultivars under study, Scymnus spp. was the most abundant in cotton. The pentatomid and forficulid occurred from 99 to 128 days after the emergence of cotton, which corresponds to the highest density of target pest insects. It was not found influence of meteorological factors or negative interactions among predaceous arthropods. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Fitossanidade Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Fitossanidade

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:45:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0085-56262009000300019.pdf: 325851 bytes, checksum: 8c07ba910b6f117a565453424b30112b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:45:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0085-56262009000300019.pdf: 325851 bytes, checksum: 8c07ba910b6f117a565453424b30112b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:34:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0085-56262009000300019.pdf: 325851 bytes, checksum: 8c07ba910b6f117a565453424b30112b (MD5) S0085-56262009000300019.pdf.txt: 46520 bytes, checksum: 491ac931a4ac42139974706bd0869642 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:14:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0085-56262009000300019.pdf: 325851 bytes, checksum: 8c07ba910b6f117a565453424b30112b (MD5) S0085-56262009000300019.pdf.txt: 46520 bytes, checksum: 491ac931a4ac42139974706bd0869642 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:14:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0085-56262009000300019.pdf: 325851 bytes, checksum: 8c07ba910b6f117a565453424b30112b (MD5) S0085-56262009000300019.pdf.txt: 46520 bytes, checksum: 491ac931a4ac42139974706bd0869642 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a fauna de carabídeos e estafilinídeos por meio de vários índices e obter a flutuação populacional das espécies dominantes em fragmento florestal e cultura de soja/milho sob sistemas de plantio direto e convencional. As amostragens dos coleópteros foram realizadas no período de novembro/2004 a abril/2007 em Guaíra, São Paulo, sendo quinzenal durante o período de safra e mensal nas entressafras. Para a obtenção das amostras utilizou-se armadilhas de solo distribuídas em dois transectos de 200 m de comprimento, sendo 100 m na cultura e 100 m no fragmento. A fauna foi caracterizada pelos índices de diversidade e equitabilidade e pela abundância. No sistema de plantio direto capturou-se maior número de espécies de carabídeos e estafilinídeos e os índices de equitabilidade e diversidade indicaram que a comunidade desses besouros mostrou-se melhor estruturada quando comparado com a observada no sistema de plantio convencional. Entre as espécies de carabídeos destacou-se Abaris basistriatus por ter se caracterizado como dominante na cultura e fragmento florestal das duas áreas experimentais. As espécies Scarites sp. 4 e A. basistriatus geralmente apresentaram picos populacionais quando a cultura de soja contava menos de 30 dias da implantação, as demais espécies apresentaram picos populacionais que ocorreram em períodos variados das safras. A precipitação pluvial foi o fator meteorológico que obteve a maioria dos coeficiente positivos em seguida o fator temperatura mínima. The objective of this study was to analyze carabid and staphylinid fauna through several faunistic indexes and to obtain the population fluctuation of the dominant species in forest fragment and soybean-corn crop in no-tillage and conventional cropping system. The samplings of the coleopteran were carried out from November/2004 to April/2007, in Guaíra, São Paulo, being biweekly during the crop period and monthly in the off-season crop. For obtaining the samples it was used pitfall traps, distributed in two transects of 200 m long being 100 m in the culture and 100 m in the fragment. The fauna was characterized by indexes of diversity, equitability, and abundance. In no-tillage system the larger number of carabid and staphylinid species and the equitability and diversity indexes indicated that the community of those beetles shows a better structure when compared with the conventional cropping system. Among the carabid species Abaris basistriatus stood out for having been characterized as dominant in crop and forest fragment of the two experimental areas. The species Scarites sp. 4 and A. basistriatus generally presented population peaks when the crop soybean counted less than 30 days of the implantation, the other species presented population peaks that were observed in varied times of the crops. Pluvial precipitation was the meteorological variable that obtained the largest number of positive correlations followed by minimum temperature. Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento Fitossanidade Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento Fitossanidade Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Ciências Exatas

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:52:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0006-87052009000400020.pdf: 791441 bytes, checksum: 910f48d54de3f7bcc60e3da33b23d512 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:52:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0006-87052009000400020.pdf: 791441 bytes, checksum: 910f48d54de3f7bcc60e3da33b23d512 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:51:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0006-87052009000400020.pdf: 791441 bytes, checksum: 910f48d54de3f7bcc60e3da33b23d512 (MD5) S0006-87052009000400020.pdf.txt: 43651 bytes, checksum: 078df2ec22f9b8da9a8a2f9fd86f2edd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:13:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0006-87052009000400020.pdf: 791441 bytes, checksum: 910f48d54de3f7bcc60e3da33b23d512 (MD5) S0006-87052009000400020.pdf.txt: 43651 bytes, checksum: 078df2ec22f9b8da9a8a2f9fd86f2edd (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:13:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0006-87052009000400020.pdf: 791441 bytes, checksum: 910f48d54de3f7bcc60e3da33b23d512 (MD5) S0006-87052009000400020.pdf.txt: 43651 bytes, checksum: 078df2ec22f9b8da9a8a2f9fd86f2edd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) O conhecimento da diversidade e distribuição de artrópodes associados ao solo contribui para o desenvolvimento de sistemas agrícolas sustentáveis. O presente estudo foi realizado em Jaboticabal (SP), durante o período de fevereiro a abril de 2004. O objetivo foi analisar a comunidade de Carabidae, Staphylinidae, Formicidae e Araneae através de índices faunísticos e determinar a distribuição espacial e a interação interespecífica de espécies predominantes em soja (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), milho (Zea mays L.) e seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). Os artrópodes foram amostrados com armadilhas de solo distribuídas a cada 10 m em dois transectos de 210 m de comprimento, que atravessaram o seringal e avançaram 60 m no interior das culturas. A fauna foi caracterizada pelos índices de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener, de equitabilidade e de similaridade de Morisita. As diferenças entre a ocorrência das espécies predominantes nos hábitats foram determinadas por análise de variância e a interação interespecífica por correlação de Pearson. A soja e o milho cultivados em sistema de plantio direto propiciaram comunidades de carabídeos, formigas e aranhas mais bem estruturadas que o seringal. Entre as 88 espécies capturadas, 20 espécies foram predominantes cuja distribuição espacial mostrou que Odontocheila nodicornis (Dejean), Glenus chrysis Gravenhorst, Castianeira sp. e oito espécies de formigas foram mais abundantes no seringal em comparação às culturas de soja e do milho. A abundância dos carabídeos Calosoma granulatum Perty e O. nodicornis diminuiu conforme aumentou a densidade dos formicídeos Pheidole sp.1 e Odontomachus chelifer Latreille respectivamente. The knowledge of the diversity and distribution of ground arthropods contributes for the development of sustainable agricultural systems. This work was carried out at the Paulista State University, Jaboticabal campus, State of São Paulo, Brazil, during the period from February to April 2004. The objective was to analyse the community of Carabidae, Staphylinidae, Formicidae e Araneae through faunistic indexes, to determine the spatial distribution and interespecific interactions of predominant species in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), corn (Zea mays L.) and rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). The arthropods were sampled by pitfall traps distributed each 10 m in two transects of 210 m which crossed the rubber trees and advancing 60 m in the crop lines. The fauna was characterized by Shannon-Wiener diversity index, evenness and Morisita similarity index. The differences among the occurrence of predominant species in the habitats were determined by variance analysis, and the interespecific interaction by Pearson correlation. The soybean and corn under no-tillage system provided better structured carabids, ants and spiders communities than the rubber trees. Among 88 captured species, 20 species were predominant and the spatial distribution of them showed that Odontocheila nodicornis (Dejean), Glenus chrysis Gravenhorst, Castianeira sp. and eight ant species were more abundant in the rubber tree compared to soybean and corn. The abundance of the carabids Calosoma granulatum Perty and O. nodicornis decreased with increased density of the formicids Pheidole sp.1 and Odontomachus chelifer Latreille, respectively. UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Fitossanidade UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Ciências Exatas CNPq Produtividade em Pesquisa UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Fitossanidade UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Ciências Exatas

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:33:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-06-05. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-14T11:32:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1808-16572020000100202.pdf: 249487 bytes, checksum: f3fd48fafd1304d14b86972985da7297 (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) A agricultura orgânica destaca-se pelo emprego de práticas que beneficiam o meio ambiente e aumentam a sustentabilidade na agricultura. No presente estudo, a couve-de-folha, Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC., foi submetida a tratamentos de adubação química e orgânica à base de torta de mamona e esterco bovino para se verificar a influência dos fertilizantes na ocorrência de insetos pragas e inimigos naturais. Os insetos foram amostrados por meio de exame visual de plantas e armadilhas tipo alçapão. Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) e Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) foram os insetos fitófagos que ocorreram significativamente em maior número em couve sob adubação química que orgânica, enquanto Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Méneville) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) e aranhas (Arachnida: Araneae) foram abundantes em couve sob adubo orgânico. O estudo evidenciou que o uso de torta de mamona e esterco bovino como adubo de couve-de-folha pode reduzir o uso de inseticidas e fornecer alimentos de qualidade. Organic agriculture is distinguished by practices that benefit the environment and support sustainable agriculture. In the present study, leafy kale, Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC., was submitted to chemical and organic (castor bean cake and bovine manure) fertilization treatments aiming to verify the influence of these fertilizers on the occurrence of insect pests and natural enemies. The insects were sampled by visual examination of plants and pitfall traps. Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were the phytophagous insects that occurred more significantly in kale, under chemical rather than organic fertilization, whereas Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Méneville) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) were abundant in kale under organic fertilizer. The study showed that castor bean cake and bovine manure as leafy kale fertilizers can reduce the use of insecticides and provide quality food. Instituto Biológico, Laboratório de Parasitologia Vegetal Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias CNPq: 304930/2009-1