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The aim of this paper is to explore implementation of measures and existing obstacles from the trade facilitation (TF) domain in the CEFTA 2006 countries. Besides the overall importance and the role of the TF for global economy, as every region has its own specificities, authors of this paper have tried to give an overview from the micro aspect, especially important for small and medium-sized enterprises in the export/import sector. These enterprises are faced with many barriers when participating in the trade process, mostly connected with the lack of customs clearance efficacy (efficiency) and with less effective work of other border agencies. The lack of procedures and their inconsistency in implementation, duplication of procedures, requesting unnecessary documents and their mutual non-recognition, as well as deliberate extension of the process duration continuously cause the loss of goods quality and quantity, and decrease the motivation for dealing with trade. It is obvious that the period of new chances for the world trade has arrived after the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) had been adopted in 2013, as the first agreement since the creation of the WTO, and the first one after almost two decades of its work. But how it really works for an individual trade enterprise, especially when it is situated in the CEFTA 2006 region, will be illustrated in this paper in the example of the trade facilitation issue in auto-parts and beverages sectors.

Transnational companies had become the most important players in global business having significant impact on international trade. In the paper we will show the main changes and rising importance of TNCs` foreign affiliates in world trade, referred to as the process of the transnationalization. Even if the history of TNCs is a century and a half long, their importance is particularly significant in the last few decades. One of the important tendencies is rising intra-company trade, the trade between parent companies and their foreign affiliates, but also the process of phasing out the production and moving of some of the production phases abroad even outside the TNC, known as off shoring. Even if the TNCs are important sources of private capital true foreign direct investments we have to notice rising importance of the state-owned TNCs, mostly from developing and transnational economies. TNCs are very important global actors but are particularly important for some national economies where their affiliates have significant influence on national turnover. In the final segment of the paper we will analyse using quantitative methods the interdependence of share of TNC in national economy and imports content of exports. For this purpose statistical methods of Correlation and Linear Regression were used. Our analysis is based on the data for 9 OECD countries and we can expect a high level of positive association between these two variables, especially in the economies where the activity of TNCs is strong.

The development of international trade was very impressive in the second half of 20th century. But even with these great development opportunities that growth of international trade can bring the small number of developed economies had succeeded to ripe benefits from it in order to develop their economies and reduce poverty. Even with the establishment of the World Trade Organization it was apparent that developing countries need assistance in order to integrate fully in international trade system. The Aid for Trade, which is a part of Official Development Assistance focusing on trade, has an aim to help developing countries build their trade capacity and the transport infrastructure so they can use trade as a powerful engine for economic growth. This paper set out to describe this new programme of trade aid developed under the auspices of WTO, as a multilateral project, to point out the readiness of donor countries and aims of beneficiary countries. But we will explore the linkages of Aid for Trade programme with bilateral and regional aid initiatives in the area of trade. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 179029: Srbija u savremenim međunarodnim odnosima: Strateski pravci razvoja i ucvrscivanja položaja Srbije u međunarodnim integrativnim procesima - spoljnopoliticki, međunarodni ekonomski, pravni i bezbedonosni aspekti]

The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) is one of the World Trade Organization's most important agreements. This accord is the first and only set of multilateral rules covering international trade in services. It is a framework for international trade in services and a legal basis for resolving conflicting national interests. For the past two decades, trade in services has grown faster than merchandise trade. Currently, they represent more than two thirds of the World Gross Domestic Product. As the term services covers a wide range of intangible and heterogeneous products and activities, there has been an increasing demand for detailed, relevant and internationally comparable statistical information on trade in services. In the last ten years, the share of transportation services in international trade in commercial services was steady and amounted to about one quarter.

The establishment of the International Trade Organisation was aimed at completing the process of institutionalisation of the international economic relations. The process began at Bretton Woods in 1944 with the establishment of The International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. This integration entity was planned to become a foundation of the post-war order, and was going to have a broader influence and importance than the economic one. A third pillar of the International Trade Organization has never been established, but that is why the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) came into life. It is one of those agreements, whose nearly fifty-year duration had surpassed even the duration of some states. By carrying out trade negotiations, GATT adopted to new needs. However, the moment its integrity got questioned and such a special idea began to die out, the way was found to preserve the GATT achievements and to have the innovative approach join them. This was done with the establishment of the World Trade Organisation, as an international organisation that manages multilateral agreements in the area of trade (GATT), the trade of services (GATS) and the trade aspects of the intellectual property rights. The institution is of multinational and supranational character. It has its own structure that includes the Ministerial Conferences, the General Council and the Secretariat. The WTO continues a long tradition in GATT of seeking to make decisions not by voting but by consensus, although there are also "circles of decision making" that are gradually narrowing down with the degree of the achieved economic power. The WTO is today a primary concept whose main task is to work on bringing into practice the long-standing idea of free trade. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to abide by the basic principles which the WTO has four of. They are: non-discrimination, reciprocity, market approach and fair competition. If one draws a parallel between a product?s life cycle and GATT?s life, one can understand why GATT itself had reached its peak, but was also gradually surpassed. This is why the establishment of the World Trade Organization was a new opportunity to attain all that that GATT had not managed to attain, and to set new goals for the new century. With the establishment of the WTO, GATT was transformed into an organization, and its scopes were considerably broadened. According to the author, there are several challenges before the WTO. Primarily, the process of solving problems on a multilateral level should be continued. Also facing the still powerful forces fighting for the preservation of protectionism, more pronounced in industrial countries although present in developing ones, should be continued. Even if liberalized non-discriminatory trade and investment policy are achieved, the WTO will maintain its importance as a forum for talks on new areas and issues. Perhaps the biggest challenge in the WTO?s future is to work on further integration of developing countries into the world economic trends. The process of decision making itself is perhaps the best opportunity to show to the developing countries that something has changed, the author concludes.