Search

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the practical aspects of training for parents and teachers of chronically ill children who are under long-term treatment in medical institutions. The paper identifies knowledge, attitudes and practices associated with both formal and non-formal education programs for teachers and parents of children undergoing long-term in-patient treatment. Innovative practices used in Moscow City University are presented, including educational techniques, methods and formats for training teachers and parents of children undergoing long-term treatment together with the results of parent surveys and interviews. The paper describes the benefits of a specially designed program of parent professional retraining to provide tutor support for children with long-term illnesses. Integrating the best informal training practices and formal training modules, this program allows for successful tutoring for children with long-term illnesses.

The article substantiates the expediency of introducing an extended and multilevel classification of territorial communities in Ukraine on the basis of the use of various classification signs and features, as well as the development of appropriate instruments (methodical approach) to the formation of a generalized classification. Based on the generalization of the current approaches to existing varieties of territories by analyzing individual directions of their functioning and life support, instruments have been developed for the formation of a generalized classification of territorial communities in Ukraine on the basis of a combination of a wide range of features, which will further form universal recommendations for defining models and directions of spatial development of communities and develop targeted instruments for their development and support, depending on the specifics and features. The peculiarity of the developed classification of territorial communities of Ukraine is the allocation of three main blocks of classification features: block of resource conditions of spatial development, the purpose of which is to identify those resources of various types that the community has to ensure for its development; a block of achieving the development capacity, which is designed to assess the efficiency of resource use and substantiate the feasibility of special government support for community development; a block of the problem-oriented development, which identifies the main problems of the community that exist or may become relevant during the period of implementation of the community development strategy. The result of the practical application of the proposed instruments for the classification of territorial communities should be the creation of conditions for each of them ion order to determine the level of capacity for self-development, formation of development priorities, use of directions and opportunities of government support in the process of developing a model, strategy and plans for its implementation, application of the program-project approach to the spatial development of territorial communities in Ukraine, depending on the extant, relevant needs and future prospects for the development of the country and its territories, including in the period of post-war recovery and restoration.

The study of combustion processes in the KAMAZ engine of the 820.60 series, running on compressed natural gas with forced ignition, is proposed to be carried out using the indexing method on a stationary laboratory installation. The composition of the equipment necessary for recording the combustion process and subsequent analysis has been determined. The criteria for the parameters of the pressure sensor, the characteristics of the analog-to-digital converter, the characteristics of detonation sensors and gas-air mixture composition sensors were taken into account. The installation locations of the sensors and the schemes for their coordination with the data acquisition system and the software functions for recording and processing signals have been determined.

5 groups were formed from quails of the Manchurian breed. The control group - the main diet, and the experimental ones were given 0.25% (1 experimental group (EG)); 0.5% (2EG); 0.75 (3EG) and 1% (4EG) Baikal EM-2 solution at the rate of 3 ml per head. Histological studies were performed at the age of 147 days. Egg production per average laying hen in the experimental groups was on average 11.7% higher compared to the control group, the average live weight of quails in the experimental groups is 1.2% higher. In the duodenum, in all experimental groups, there was a better development of villi by 19.8-58.6% (P≤0.001), and in the skinny, the height of the villi was significantly higher in EG1, EG2, and EG4 by 19%-48%. The crypt layer significantly increased in the duodenum of 4EG by 13.9% (P≤0.05). The muscular elements of the duodenum were better developed in the experimental groups. In the cecum, the size of the layers did not differ. We assume that the experienced bird achieved high zootechnical results due to the better development of the villi of the small intestine.

This music score was submitted for the Kaleidoscope 2020 Call for Scores, an open access collaboration with the UCLA Music Library.

The article is concerned with topical issues of spatial development of territorial communities of Ukraine in the context of decentralization, taking into account the uncertainty caused by martial law and the pandemic. The purpose of this article is to develop a methodical approach to substantiating the directions of spatial development of territorial communities based on the conception, principles, scientific methods, taking into account the criteria of their efficiency and factors of spatial development of territorial communities. To substantiate the directions of spatial development of territorial communities, a methodical approach is developed, which is based on a problem-oriented approach to substantiating the instrumentarium of spatial development of territorial communities and on a cognitive map of causal relationships of spatial development, a model of solutions to the problem of development of territorial communities, which takes into account development scenarios depending on the type of community. The criteria for the efficiency of spatial development of territorial communities can be the following: criteria for the potential of self-development of territorial communities (self-government, self-financing, self-organization); performance criteria – the results of the implementation of programs for the implementation of strategies for the development of territorial communities, development projects, etc. In order to ensure the vital functions of territorial communities under martial law and increase their ability to solve problems in the new realities, when substantiating the directions of spatial development of territories, the following should be taken into account: development of the potential of self-development of the territorial community; problem-oriented management of human resources of the community; organization of training for representatives of territorial communities on the implementation of mechanisms to support enterprises and internally displaced persons; formation of budgets of territorial communities during martial law and post-war status; preservation of the country’s intellectual potential in the post-war period; preservation of the country’s production potential, which will provide both the territorial communities with essential goods and the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine – with contemporary means of security and food products; financial support for community life; improvement of regulatory policy; ensuring economic and food security of territorial communities, etc.

The article examines the marketing communications used by enterprises of the travel industry. The purpose of the article is to study the latest marketing communications and develop directions for their application in the enterprises of the tourism and hotel business. The necessity of formation and implementation of marketing communication policy that meets the specifics and goals of the enterprise in order to achieve a high level of competitiveness and desired result of activity is substantiated. The features and structure of the complex of marketing communications of tourism industry enterprises containing the following elements: advertising, sales promotion, personal sales, public relations, and direct marketing are determined. The necessity of introducing the latest technologies in this sphere is proved, since in the modern world of global computerization it is simply necessary to use modern technological resources, in particular the Internet, especially in such a sensitive and competitive industry. According to the results of the analysis and generalization of the study of Travelport company, which is one of the outstanding providers of electronic distribution services in the travel industry, a rating of marketing communications used in the tourism and hotel business is compiled. Based on the results of the study, the need for an integrated approach to the planning and implementation of communication processes, based on the consistency of actions of all means of marketing communications within a single strategy to achieve the set marketing goals, is established. As an innovative marketing communication instrument, enterprises of the tourism and hotel business are offered the use of integrated marketing communications (IMC), which are holistic communication systems and allow to cover all aspects of the marketing complex, which further contributes to the most effective action on the consumer. So, depending on the direction of activity, the availability of human resources and financial condition, the company chooses a way to present itself in social networks through the most effective communication instrument, tailored to suit the market needs

The article deals with the topical problem of spatial development of territorial communities. The study aims at creating a methodical approach to identifying the problems in the functioning of territorial communities, the former being caused by unstable conditions, and the areas of spatial development of territories using a problem-oriented approach. The application of a problem-oriented approach to the spatial development of territorial communities is substantiated. The approach provides a set of actions in public administration and influences aimed at solving theoretical or practical problems of efficiently using local community resources by gaining new competitive advantages, creating favorable living conditions, ensuring population loyalty through actively solving the already existing and possible problems in community functioning. Within the problem-oriented framework, the spatial development of united territorial communities involves an approach based on the hypothesis that using the strategic capacity of a territorial community is not a problem-free process, and the arising problems require analysis and sound management decisions at the community level and within the powers of local authorities. A methodical approach to identifying problems with the functioning of territorial communities in an unstable environment is suggested. Namely, it involves analyzing the following issues: a) development level of united territorial communities through evaluating their resource provision and self-assessment of their development level, which helps to draw conclusions as for the effectiveness of using the community resources; b) legislative support for the spatial development of territorial communities; and c) the existing mechanisms, methods, and instruments of the state policy on the spatial development of Ukrainian territories. A cognitive map of interrelations between the existing problems of the spatial development of territorial communities has been drafted, in which four groups of problems are identified, in particular: 1) problems within the spatial development of territorial communities, and those connected with Ukraine’s territorial system; 2) problems of socio-economic development based on self-sufficiency; 3) problems in the local self-government system; 4) problems of rural development.

The main pathophysiological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the accumulation of aggregated alpha‐synuclein (αSyn). Microglial activation is an early event in PD and may play a key role in pathological αSyn aggregation and transmission, as well as in clearance of αSyn and immunotherapy efficacy. Our aim was to investigate how different proposed mechanisms of anti‐αSyn immunotherapy may contribute to pathology reduction in various PD‐like mouse models. Our mechanistic model of PD pathology in mouse includes αSyn production, aggregation, degradation and distribution in neurons, secretion into interstitial fluid, internalization, and subsequent clearance by neurons and microglia. It describes the influence of neuroinflammation on PD pathogenesis and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Multiple data from mouse PD models were used for calibration and validation. Simulations of anti‐αSyn passive immunotherapy adequately reproduce preclinical data and suggest that (1) immunotherapy is efficient in the reduction of aggregated αSyn in various models of PD‐like pathology; (2) prevention of aSyn spread only does not reduce the pathology; (3) a decrease in microglial inflammatory activation and aSyn aggregation may be alternative therapy approaches in PD‐like pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biogenic polyamines are ubiquitous compounds. Dysregulation of their metabolism is associated with the development of various pathologies, including cancer, hyperproliferative diseases, and infections. The canonical pathway of polyamine catabolism includes acetylation of spermine and spermidine and subsequent acetylpolyamine oxidase (PAOX)-mediated oxidation of acetylpolyamines (back-conversion) or their direct efflux from the cell. PAOX is considered to catalyze a non-rate-limiting catabolic step. Here, we show that PAOX transcription levels are extremely low in various tumor- and non-tumor cell lines and, in most cases, do not change in response to altered polyamine metabolism. Its enzymatic activity is undetectable in the majority of cell lines except for neuroblastoma and low passage glioblastoma cell lines. Treatment of A549 cells with N1,N11-diethylnorspermine leads to PAOX induction, but its contribution to polyamine catabolism remains moderate. We also describe two alternative enzyme isoforms and show that isoform 4 has diminished oxidase activity and isoform 2 is inactive. PAOX overexpression correlates with the resistance of cancer cells to genotoxic antitumor drugs, indicating that PAOX may be a useful therapeutic target. Finally, PAOX is dispensable for the replication of various viruses. These data suggest that a decrease in polyamine levels is achieved predominantly by the secretion of acetylated spermine and spermidine rather than by back-conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widespread use of the oral poliovaccine from Sabin strains (tOPV) radically reduced poliomyelitis incidence worldwide. However, OPV became a source of neurovirulent vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs). Currently, circulating type 2 VDPVs (cVDPV2) are the leading cause of poliomyelitis. The novel OPV type 2 vaccine (nOPV2), based on genetically modified Sabin strain with increased genetic stability and reduced risk of cVDPV formation, has been used to combat cVDPV2 outbreaks, including one in Tajikistan in 2021. In order to identify the importation of cVDPV2 and nOPV2-derivates, stool samples from 12,127 healthy migrant children under 5 years of age arriving from Tajikistan were examined in Russia (March 2021–April 2022). Viruses were isolated in cell culture and identified via intratype differentiation RT-PCR, VP1 and whole-genome sequencing. cVDPV2 isolates closely related with the Tajikistan one were isolated from two children, and nOPV2-derived viruses were detected in specimens from 106 children from 37 regions of Russia. The duration of nOPV2 excretion ranged from 24 to 124 days post-vaccination. nOPV2 isolates contained 27 mutations per genome (0.36%) on average, with no critical genetic changes, which confirms the genetic stability of nOPV2 during field use. The possibility of epidemiologically significant poliovirus introduction into polio-free countries has been confirmed. The screening of special populations, including migrants, is required to maintain epidemiological well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]