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Patterns of the relationship between the development of learning ability as one of the general abilities and metacognitive traits of personality are considered in the article. The necessity of appeal to this issue arises from the peculiarities of the current state of research in the theory of abilities and modern metacognitivism. Despite the ever-increasing number of studies in the field of general abilities and learning ability in particular and in the field of metacognitive processes of the personality, the possible interconnection of this class of processes and the level of learning ability and, therefore, the interpretation of this interconnection are rarely considered. To date these crucial areas are not in sufficient contact with each other. The purpose of this study is to identify and interpret the possible relationship of the level of learning ability with metacognitive processes and qualities of the individual and their organization. The research procedure was based on a comparison of the individual measures of the development of learning ability as a general ability with the diagnostics of the main parameters of the metacognitive sphere of personality, including features of its organization and implementation in relation to the methodology of structural-psychological analysis. This procedure is based on the determination of matrices of intercorrelation and the subsequent interpretation of correlograms of the metacognitive parameters of a person. The main result is that there exists a mutual dependence of characteristics of the level of learning ability and basic parameters of the metacognitive sphere of personality (metacognitive processes and traits). This dependence lies in the fact that an increase in the level of development of learning ability increases the intensity of separate metacognitive personal qualities and the general level of their structural organization. An interpretation of the data is presented. According to it, learning ability, as a significant factor in the level of development of metacognitive processes and personality traits, acquires an additional and quite powerful resource to enhance at the same time its own level because of the organization of these processes and traits.

Objective: After Fontan palliation, patients with single-ventricle physiology are committed to chronic circulatory inefficiency for the duration of their lives. This is due in large part to the lack of a subpulmonary ventricle. A low-pressure rise cavopulmonary assist device can address the subpulmonary deficit and offset the Fontan paradox. We investigated the feasibility of a Fontan pump that is self-powered by tapping reserve pressure energy in the systemic arterial circulation. Methods: A double-inlet, double-outlet rotary pump was designed to augment Fontan flow through the total cavopulmonary connection. Pump power is supplied by a systemic arterial shunt and radial turbine, with a closed-loop shunt return to the common atrium (QP:QS 1:1). Computational fluid dynamic analysis and lumped parameter modeling of pump impact on the Fontan circulation was performed. Results: Findings indicate that a pump that can augment all 4 limbs of total cavopulmonary connection flow (superior vena cava/inferior vena cava inflow; left pulmonary artery/right pulmonary artery outflow) using a systemic arterial shunt powered turbine at a predicted cavopulmonary pressure rise of +2.5 mm Hg. Systemic shunt flow is 1.43 lumped parameter model, 22% cardiac output. Systemic venous pressure is reduced by 1.4 mm Hg with improved ventricular preload and cardiac output. Conclusions: It may be possible to tap reserve pressure energy in the systemic circulation to improve Fontan circulatory efficiency. Further studies are warranted to optimize, fabricate, and test pump designs for hydraulic performance and hemocompatibility. Potential benefits of an autonomous Fontan pump include durable physiologic shift toward biventricular health, freedom from external power, autoregulating function and exercise responsiveness, and improved quality and duration of life.

Live tularemia vaccine is one of the most effective bacterial vaccines. However, it also has high residual virulence for laboratory animals and may cause adverse reactions in individuals with compromised immune systems. The development of a safe and effective tularemia vaccine is impeded by insufficient understanding of the protection correlates. The aim of this work is to review the literature on the development of post-vaccinal immune responses to live tularemia vaccines and recombinant vaccine candidate strains and to determine the immunological correlates of protection in the formation of specific immunity to Francisella tularensis. This review describes the main aspects of the development of innate and adaptive immune responses to the administration of live tularemia vaccines based on attenuated strains of F. tularensis 15 NIIEG and F. tularensis LVS in humans and in experimental tularemia infection in a mouse model. Studying the mechanisms of adaptive immunity and identifying immunological correlates of protection in experimental tularemia in a murine model is crucial for researching new vaccine strains and improving laboratory methods for assessing the T-cell component of immunity. The main focus is on the study of cellular mechanisms underlying the formation of protective immunity in experimental tularemia, the determination of immunological criteria for its evaluation and the role of identified indicators in long-term protection after the end of the active phase of the immune response induced by immunization with vaccines based on attenuated F. tularensis strains. We discuss the effects of vaccination on the differentiation, functional activity, and duration of specific central and effector CD4+ and CD8+ memory T-cells circulation in humans and mice.

The aim of the work was to evaluate the ability of monoclonal antibodies to inhibit the interaction of the receptor binding domain (RBD) in S protein of SARS-CoV-2 virus variants, Wuhan-Hu-1 and BQ 1.1, with the angiotensin-converting receptor 2 (ACE2). Materials and methods. In this study, recombinant RBDs of Wuhan-Hu-1 and BQ 1.1 variants were used as antigens. For mouse monoclonal antibody (mMCA) production, hybridomas were cultured in vivo in BALB/c mice. mMCAs were isolated from ascitic fluid by ammonium sulfate treatment followed by purification through column affinity chromatography with Protein G Sepharose sorbent. The specific activity of mMCAs was assessed by immunoblot with recombinant RBD of Wuhan-Hu-1 variant. To identify the most promising mMCA, the neutralizing activity of mMCA was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) via immobilizing RBD on the surface of a microplate and using ACE2 in the form of horseradish peroxidase conjugate. Recombinant antigens were produced in ExpiCHO-S cell line (Gibco, USA). Results and discussion. Three mMCAs have been described as a result of the study: 5C3, 3F11, 1E6. All antibodies belong to immunoglobulins of subclass G and specifically interact with the RBD in S protein of SARS-CoV-2 virus. The most effective inhibition of the interaction between ACE2 and the RBD of BQ 1.1 strain was observed for murine MCA 3F11 (65 %), while the interaction with the RBD of Wuhan-Hu-1 strain was inhibited by mMCA 5C3 (91 %). The identified characteristics allow for considering the antibodies as potential candidates for the development of antibody-based therapeutics, thus expanding the possibilities of therapy for SARS-CoV-2 virus infection.

The purpose of the study is to identify the age-related dynamics of the manifestation of coordination among junior and pre-pubescent karate boys (7-11 years old) training in the karate section at the initial stage of preparation. Materials and methods. The study involved 65 children of younger and prepubertal age. They underwent testing of coordination abilities in order to determine the level of development and identify the features of their manifestation in accordance with age and skill level. The selected sample was divided into five ages 7, 8, 9, 10 11 years old, with 13 children in each group. The children and their parents were aware of all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The technical level of the children corresponded to the students of the 10th, 9th, 8th grades of Kyu (orange, orange with a blue stripe and blue belt color). To solve the tasks, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, timing of educational tasks, testing of coordination abilities, pedagogical ascertaining experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant effect of the age factor on the level of indicators of coordination abilities for: differentiation of spatial-dynamic parameters of movements (F = 95.712; p = 0.000); reorganization of motor actions (F = 111.410; p = 0.000); differentiation of spatial-temporal parameters (F = 50.863; p = 0.000); coordination of hand movements (F = 96.764; p = 0.000); maintaining postural stability (F = 38.274; p = 0.000); maintaining vestibular stability (F = 61.291; p = 0.000). Conclusions. Based on the results of studies indicators of various manifestations of coordination, statistically significant age differences are observed between groups of boys aged 7 to 10 years (p < 0.05). At 10-11 years old, there are no significant statistically significant differences in all indicators (p > 0.05), except for dynamic balance (p < 0.05).

Abstract Human tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is an intriguing multifunctional enzyme involved in various diseases, including celiac disease and neurological disorders. Although a number of tTG inhibitors have been developed, the molecular determinants governing ligand binding remain incomplete due to the lack of high-resolution structural data in the vicinity of its active site. In this study, we obtained the complete high-resolution model of tTG by in silico methods based on available PDB structures. We discovered significant differences in the active site architecture between our and known tTG models, revealing an additional loop which affects the ligand binding affinity. We assembled a library of new potential tTG inhibitors based on the obtained complete model of the enzyme. Our library substantially expands the spectrum of possible drug candidates targeting tTG and encompasses twelve molecular scaffolds, eleven of which are novel and exhibit higher binding affinity then already known ones, according to our in silico studies. The results of this study open new directions for structure-based drug design of tTG inhibitors, offering the complete protein model and suggesting a wide range of new compounds for further experimental validation.

Aim of the study was to identify the incidence of arterial stiffness in normotensive patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in the Trans-Baikal region, to study polymorphism of genes for some cytokines and prognostic factors for increased arterial stiffness in this disease. Material and methods. We examined 100 patients with AS, natives of the Transbaikal region, HLA-В27 positive and 100 healthy controls, HLA-B27 negative; all included in the study were Caucasian. Arterial hypertension was an exclusion criterion. Determination of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes IL1B (‒31T/C, rs1143627), IL10 (‒592C/A, rs1800872), IL10 (‒819C/T, rs1800871), TNF (‒308G/A, rs1800629) was carried out in all patients with AS and healthy individuals. 74 patients with AS and 40 patients in the control group underwent applanation tonometry using SphygmoCor (AtCor Medical, Australia). Results. Pulse wave velocity on the carotid-femoral segment in patients with AS was 6.5 [4.1; 11.7] m/s, in the control group – 5.2 [3.9; 7.0] m/s (p = 0.0001). In 18 patients with AS (24.32 %) it was more than the age norm, these patients made up the group with elevated arterial stiffness. In patients with AS, carriage of the homozygous AA genotype of the IL10 gene (rs1800872, ‒592C/A) was 2.18 times more common, the homozygous GG genotype of the TNF gene (rs1800629, ‒308G/A) was 1.23 times more common, and the heterozygous ST genotype of the IL10 gene (rs1800871, ‒819C/T) was 1.5 times more common than in the control group. Prognostic factors for increased arterial stiffness in patients with AS were carriage of the IL10 rs1800871 polymorphism, age, and the radiological stage of changes in the sacroiliac joints. Conclusions. Increased arterial stiffness was detected in 24.3 % of normotensive patients with AS. The CT genotype of the IL10 gene (rs1800871, ‒819C/T), AA genotype of the of the IL10 gene (rs1800872, ‒592C/A), the G allele and the GG genotype of the TNF gene (rs1800629, позиция ‒308G/A) are associated with the development of AS in Caucasians. Multivariate regression analysis identified clinical and genetic factors that predict an increase in arterial stiffness in patients with AS, natives of the Trans-Baikal Territory.

Wars not only disrupt economic stability but also displace numerous enterprises, altering the socioeconomic landscape of affected regions. This study aims to analyze the case of relocated businesses in Ukraine, particularly their needs and adaptation in the host regions. An expert survey method was applied for 58 relocated micro-, small, and medium enterprises. The survey and review of secondary sources allowed distinguishing that security is the main driver of relocation (65% of respondents). Although for more than half of the respondents, relocation led to an increase in business activity in the host region, their ability to cover their own needs at the expense of their own funds fell, which led to the demand for external sources of financing. The biggest challenges are the cultural and doing business differences, loss of suppliers, and energy costs. In addition to financing, the TOP-3 needs include access to new markets (60%), the need for new equipment (57%), and special local permits (47%). Host regional authorities, as well as foreign donors, played a crucial role in adaptation to their region. In turn, businesses also note their contribution to the development of the host regions through tax contributions and providing jobs for the population and higher-quality products. Businesses demonstrate their openness to cooperation with foreign donors more than with local sponsors. These results are helpful for policymaking regarding regional development and the post-war rebuilding of Ukraine.

Метою дослідження є розробка мультиагентної імітаційної моделі для прогнозування поширення інфекційних захворювань, зокрема COVID-19. В умовах пандемії COVID-19 виникла нагальна потреба у створенні інструментів для прогнозування та аналізу динаміки епідемій, а також оцінки ефективності управлінських рішень. Використання математичних моделей у цьому процесі дозволяє адекватно описувати динаміку поширення інфекцій, що є важливим для прийняття обґрунтованих рішень. У статті розглядаються традиційні підходи до моделювання епідемій, такі як модель «хижак–жертва» та компартментальна модель SIR (Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered). Модель «хижак–жертва» описує взаємодію між двома видами в екосистемі за допомогою диференціальних рівнянь, що дозволяє моделювати динаміку популяцій. Компартментальна модель SIR поділяє населення на три групи: вразливі, інфіковані та одужалі, що дозволяє аналізувати поширення інфекційних захворювань. Проте ці моделі мають обмеження, зокрема через припущення про однорідність популяції та сталість параметрів. Для більш точного моделювання складних епідемічних процесів було розроблено мультиагентну імітаційну модель. У цій моделі агенти взаємодіють у визначеній області, імітуючи реальні умови поширення інфекції. Агенти поділяються на три класи: здорові, інфіковані та одужалі. Рух агентів моделюється за допомогою випадкового блукання у двовимірному просторі з урахуванням можливості контакту між ними, що може призвести до зараження. Інфіковані агенти після певного періоду захворювання переходять у клас одужалих і більше не можуть інфікуватися. Результати моделювання показали, що мультиагентна модель дозволяє більш точно прогнозувати динаміку поширення інфекцій. Було проведено численні експерименти, які продемонстрували адекватність моделі у відтворенні процесу інфікування, пікових значень захворюваності та періоду одужання. Досліджено вплив різних параметрів, таких як тривалість захворювання, на динаміку епідемії. Отримані результати підтверджують, що врахування індивідуальних характеристик та поведінкових особливостей агентів покращує точність моделювання. Це дозволяє використовувати мультиагентну імітаційну модель для розробки ефективних стратегій контролю та прогнозування поширення інфекційних захворювань, що може бути корисним для прийняття управлінських рішень у реальних умовах пандемії.

The review provides an analysis of clinical studies and current clinical guidelines from the MEDLINE database on the PubMed platform regarding the treatment of choledocholithiasis. Choledocholithiasis occurs in almost 20 % of patients with gallstone disease and is characterized by frequent dangerous complications, in particular, bile duct obstruction, cholangitis, and biliary pancreatitis. Therefore, common bile duct exploration is an important component of surgical treatment for gallstone disease, but discussions about the optimal treatment for choledocholithiasis have been ongoing for many years. Currently, there is no generally accepted standard of treatment, and various methods and approaches to the staging and sequence of surgical interventions on the gallbladder and common bile duct are used. In recent years, the leading methods of choledocholithiasis treatment are minimally invasive endoscopic and/or laparoscopic interventions, which have almost completely replaced open surgeries. For common bile duct exploration and normalization of biliary excretion, endoscopic transpapillary (retrograde) access is used mostly, which is characterized by a high risk of post-procedural immediate and long-term complications. Endoscopic management of common bile duct stones requires an additional intervention — laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is most often performed at the second stage or simultaneously with endoscopic intervention. The optimal staging and sequencing of interventions requires further research. A good alternative to endoscopic interventions on common bile duct is its laparoscopic exploration through the cystic duct or by choledochotomy (antegrade), which can be performed simultaneously with cholecystectomy. However, this technique has not yet been widely adopted, and immediate and long-term results are conflicting that require further research into the effectiveness and safety of the method. The effectiveness of surgical treatment for choledocholithiasis depends not only on the individual characteristics of a patient, including biliary anatomy, the form and severity of the disease, but also on the local experience and availability of appropriate equipment, which must be taken into account when planning treatment.

Background. The process of storing sperm in a deeply frozen state causes structural and functional disorders of spermatozoa, which reduces their fertilizing ability. The main mechanism of the negative effect of cryopreservation on spermatozoa is the development of oxidative stress. Molecular hydrogen has some advantages as a potential antioxidant molecule - it is a selective effect on certain reactive oxygen species, the ability to overcome cell membranes, the absence of toxic effects. Purpose. To study the effect of molecular hydrogen on the functional status of native and deconserved sperm cells of breeding bulls. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the ejaculates of bulls before cryopreservation and after defrosting. The native sperm diluted with the "BioXcell" diluent, the native sperm diluted with the "BioXcell" diluent enriched with molecular hydrogen, the sperm after deep freezing and the sperm after deep freezing pretreated with molecular hydrogen were studied. The intensity of free radical processes and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined in spermatozoa. Results. After cryopreservation of sperm, the processes of lipid peroxidation in spermatozoa are significantly activated. The content of malondialdehyde, diene and triene conjugates increases. The use of molecular hydrogen to correct the quality of sperm production after cryopreservation gave positive results. A decrease in the concentration of primary and intermediate products of lipid peroxidation was noted. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in spermatozoa significantly increases. Conclusion. Molecular hydrogen has the potential as a new and effective antioxidant, the widespread use of which is possible for veterinary purposes. Sponsorship information. The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 23-26-00205.

The article examines the theoretical foundations and practical implementation of the legal responsibility of military personnel for improper performance of duties during physical fitness testing. The study of judicial practice in this area is also an important stage, as it allows us to understand how specific legal norms and sanctions for their violation are applied in practice. On the basis of this analysis, it is possible to formulate recommendations for improving the legislation and the practice of its application in order to improve the effectiveness of the system of legal responsibility of military personnel for improper performance of duties during physical fitness testing. The analysis of national legislation regarding the legal responsibility of military personnel for improper performance of duties during physical fitness testing allows us to determine that such violations can be considered both disciplinary and administrative offenses. The article defines the legal responsibility of military personnel. The analysis of normative legal acts in the field of legal responsibility of military personnel for improper performance of duties during physical fitness testing was carried out, with the help of which the procedural features of legal liability of military personnel, in particular, for improper performance of duties during physical fitness testing, were clarified. It has been established that disciplinary or administrative responsibility may be applied for improper performance of duties during physical fitness testing. The study includes an analysis of most of the national legislation that regulates the issue of legal liability of military personnel for improper performance of official duties during physical fitness testing. The practice of applying the specified norms was determined, the judicial practice in the specified area was analyzed, and the corresponding conclusions were formulated.

The active usage of the concept of «media design» in the modern information space highlights the problem of its definition and lexicographical fixation. Among various types of dictionaries, consolidated ones are singled out. Special attention is drawn to those in which definitions of field concepts or philological interpretations of specific terms that denote them are gathered through information search methods and are compiled and ordered from scientific and lexicographical works. The article analyzes the main features and definitions of the concept of «media design» as documented in scientific and lexicographical works and reference sources. The specifics of the functioning of the corresponding term, its origin, and use in professional texts are revealed. The method of systematization and comparison of the collected material helped identify contextual synonyms used by design professionals. Through definitive analysis, the main features of the concept of «media design» are clarified, and its definition is proposed. The application of data visualization method enabled the creation of a presentation and video clip for a visual representation of information about media design and related concepts. The inventoried material has been adapted for a dictionary article in the electronic educational resource (EER) «Lexical Minimum of Mеdia Scientist» (as one of the research areas of the collective topic «Media Studies in Scientific and Educational Discourses»), which is being developed and filled by faculty members and students of the Faculty of Journalism at the Boris Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University. According to the developed template of the dictionary article, the primary data were systematized, unified and converted to EER. The author's definitions of the concept of «media design» form five vectors of relations (three vectors of systemic and two vectors of non-systemic relations) through which scholars interpret the analyzed concept, requiring standardization and lexicographical fixation in dictionaries.

Abstract Heteropolysaccharides are among the most widely distributed compounds in nature, acting as both tissue building blocks and as a source of nutrients. Their physicochemical and biological properties have been studied thoroughly; however, the microstructural properties of heteropolysaccharides are still poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the micro-structural peculiarities of agarose, gum arabic, hyaluronic and alginic acids by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM). Herein, attention is paid to layered complexity of the microstructure differentiating surface, under surface, inner, and substrate interface layers. The scale and pattern of the polysaccharide’s microstructure depend on the concentration, changing from lamellae to cell-like porous structures. This work provides the insight into micro- and nanoscale mechanisms of self-healing and substrate-induced reorganisation. Thus, investigation of the self-healing mechanism revealed that this diffusion-based process starts from the fibres, turning into lamellae, following by cell-like structures with smaller dimensions. Investigation of the substrate-induced reorganisation ability showed that nano-to-micro (scale) porous substrate causes reorganisation in the interface layer of the studied heteropolysaccharides. This work contributes to understanding the structural peculiarities of heteropolysaccharides by looking at them through a supramolecular, micro-level prism.

Background. Potato breeding involves planned artificial hybridization between previously selected parental lines. A way to make potato breeding more efficient is to use the diversity of the germplasm and broaden the gene pool of parental lines. Interspecific potato hybrids originated on the elite potato germplasm display a set of valuable traits. The current challenge is to assess the performance of potato hybrids under specific soil and climate conditions to clarify their breeding value.The objective of the study was to evaluate potato hybrids in the environments of Kamchatka Territory according to a set of traits, identify the best parental lines, develop new hybrid combinations, and select promising breeding material.Materials and methods. Eleven potato hybrids from VIR were studied over three years (2020–2022) in the fields of Kamchatka Research Institute of Agriculture. The hybrids were benchmarked against two reference potato cultivars, ‘Fresco’ and ‘Vulkan’, belonging to the early and mid-early maturity groups, respectively. Crosses between the hybrids and 28 potato cultivars were carried out in the greenhouse. The new hybrid material was tested in a preliminary trial nursery for yield and earliness.Results. Hybrid 117-2 was better in yield (899 g/plant) than cvs. ‘Vulkan’ and ‘Fresco’ (700–739 g/plant). Hybrids 94-5, 99-10- 1, 8-1-2004, 8-3-2004, 8-5-2004, 135-3-2005, 135-5-2005, 99-6-6, and 134-2-2006 in most traits matched the potato cultivars, manifesting good berry formation and seed setting when crossed. Out of 140 crosses between 11 hybrids and 28 cultivars, 35 crosses between 10 hybrids and 13 cultivars were successful. Most hybrids were effectively used in crossings as maternal forms.Conclusion. VIR’s hybrids 94-5, 8-1-2004, and 8-5-2004 proved the most promising as source material for the development of new early potatoes under the conditions of Kamchatka Territory.

The modern education system is subject to changes, accompanied by the introduction of a number of innovations, because it must adapt to the requirements of a dynamically developing society. Among such innovations is the introduction of an effective contract in the state universities as an innovative mechanism for stimulating the work of scientific and pedagogical workers. The need for criteria-based assessment of the effectiveness of a higher school teacher, depending on the individual results of his work, has actualized the importance of studying the problem of an effective contract model in higher education and identified the research problem: what is the essence of an effective contract as an innovative mechanism for stimulating the work of scientific and pedagogical workers? The purpose of the research is to reveal the essence of an effective contract as an innovative aspect of stimulating the professional activity of a university teacher and its main components. The following research methods were used: analysis, synthesis, description, interpretation, comparison. Systematic and logical approaches were used. The results of the research: 1) the concept of «performance-based contract of employment» in the legal and scientific-pedagogical field has been described; 2) a brief overview of the concept of an performance-based contract of employment abroad and in Russia has been carried out; 3) the principles for developing criteria for professional achievements of teaching staff have been substantiated. Key conclusions: 1) performance-based contract of employment is a balanced decomposition of criteria and performance indicators of the professional activity of a higher school teacher; 2) foreign and domestic concepts of a performance-based contract of employment are largely similar and include a set of interrelated components that reveal all aspects of a teacher’s professional activity: teaching, methodological, scientific,educational and sports; 3) the main principles of criteria-based assessment of scientific and pedagogical workers are: complexity, objectivity, quantitative assessment, adaptability, stimulation and motivation.

Adaptive potential is an important indicator of the efficiency of the cardiovascular system. A possible cause of tension in adaptation processes may be situational anxiety, while the question of predictors of its occurrence and its impact on the cognitive abilities of medical students remains incompletely studied.Purpose of the work: to study the relationship between indicators of adaptation of the cardiovascular system and the level of situational anxiety, as well as to analyze individual parameters of attention and social intelligence among second-year medical university students.Object and methods. The study assessed the state of the cardiovascular system, the level of situational anxiety, the level of development of social intelligence and the level of attention in 22 students of both sexes. Results. Adaptation potential is 8.56±0.354 points, which indicates unsatisfactory adaptation of students. Analysis of the index of functional changes showed a satisfactory state of adaptation mechanisms, while 27% of students noted tension in the adaptation mechanisms of the cardiovascular system, which may indicate an excessive influence of stress factors on the functional capabilities of the body. In addition, correlations were identified between: IFI and the level of situational anxiety, situational anxiety and the level of development of social intelligence, and between the indicator of situational anxiety and the duration of work with Schulte tables.Conclusions. The study made it possible to assess the state of students’ adaptation mechanisms and identify the reason for the tension of these mechanisms – the development of anxiety states.

The article analyzes the impact of cognitive biases regarding the perception of information and its consequences for the decisions of market participants and the formation of the overall picture of the financial market. It is noted that a number of cognitive biases are associated with the circulation of information in the market and the peculiarities of its perception. The main cognitive biases regarding the perception of information in the financial market have been identified: bias of disseminated information (in the context of financial decision-making and market dynamics can lead to an increase in the impact of this information on market decisions); the oddity effect (investors may react emotionally to such events, leading to sharp fluctuations in asset prices, panic or euphoria in the market, depending on the nature of these events); generation effect (investors can better remember and more reliably perceive information that they themselves have created or expressed, compared to information they have received from other sources); Google effect (due to the ease of obtaining information on the Internet, investors may become less cautious about storing key financial data in their memory); the disinformation effect (investors may receive new information after they have already formed their opinion about a particular financial event or trend, and this new information may lead to misinterpretation or overestimation of the facts that have occurred); sentiment effect (investors who are in a positive mood may pay more attention to positive information, which can lead to more optimistic investment decisions); the effect of complexity of information processing (investors can remember and better understand complex and in-depth analyses that require more time and attention to process); information bias (investors may be inclined to constantly monitor news, updates, and analysis, even if this information does not have a direct impact on their current or future investment decisions); the effect of «hostile» media (investors can react to financial news and analysis according to their own biases). It is noted that in order to avoid the negative consequences of cognitive biases in the financial market, it is important to develop financial literacy, the ability to think critically and have self-control in the process of making financial decisions.

Background. Intensive milk production technology creates a number of factors that can put an animal into a state of technological stress. The effect of stress is reflected in nonspecific resistance, which represents the body's ability to resist the effects of adverse factors by maintaining protective forces at the proper level. Neutrophils are one of the first protective cellular barriers that are rapidly mobilized when exposed to stress factors. To decipher the changes taking place in response to the action of stressors, the involvement of various evaluation tools is required. One of the possible methodological approaches is the use of various visualization methods that provide access to spatio-temporal information at the level of individual organelles and Purpose. The study of the morpho-functional state of neutrophils under technological stress in cattle by laser interference and electron scanning microscopy. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on 30 clinically healthy highly productive black-and-white cows. A combination of impacts was considered as technological stress: the rearrangement of animals and the change of service personnel. Neutrophils were analyzed by laser interference and electron scanning microscopy. Results. A change in the morphological structure and functional activity of neutrophils after the action of technological stress is shown. The analysis of interferograms revealed an increase in the heterogeneity of neutrophils due to the appearance of degeneratively altered cell forms with an increase in the number of functionally active neutrophils. Electron scanning microscopy revealed the appearance of NEToses and neutrophils with emptied granules and vacuolization of the cytoplasm after technological stress. Conclusion. The revealed morphofunctional changes in neutrophils prove the strain of adaptation mechanisms under technological stress. This circumstance must be taken into account in order to prevent disruption of the adaptive capabilities of the organism of highly productive animals.

The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of the process of learning to throw a small ball for 9-year-old boys. Materials and methods. The study involved 27 9-year-old boys, divided into three groups of 9 people in random order. Children and their parents were aware of all the features of the study and gave consent to participate in the experiment. The influence of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of the process of learning to throw a small ball at a target in 9-year-old boys was studied. In a pedagogical experiment, the effect of 6, 12 and 18 repetitions with a rest interval of 60 s on the increase in the level of training in exercises of 9-year-old boys was studied. In the first group, boys repeated the task 6 times with a rest interval of 60 s, in the second group - 12 times with a rest interval of 60 s, in the third group 18 times with a rest interval of 60 s. In the process of teaching throwing exercises in a lesson, the level of training (“completed”, “failed to complete”) was assessed using an alternative method, and the probability of completing the exercise was calculated (p = n/m, where n is the number of successfully completed attempts, m is the total number of attempts). The method of algorithmic prescriptions was used in teaching 9-year-old boys. The transition to the next exercise was carried out after three successful attempts. Throwing a ball at a vertical target was studied. The research materials were processed in the statistical analysis program - IBM SPSS 20. In the process of discriminant analysis, a prognostic model for group membership was created. Results. Discriminant analysis made it possible to determine the influence of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of developing the skills of throwing a small ball at a target; answer the question how reliably the repetition modes differ in terms of the effectiveness of the formation of motor skills, what class the object belongs to based on the discriminant values of the variables. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of group centroids, it was determined that 18 repetitions (6 sets of 3 times with a rest interval of 60 s) has a significant impact on the increase in the level of learning in physical education lessons. The group classification results show that 63.0% of the original grouped observations were correctly classified.

The russian war against Ukraine caused a large wave of displaced people both inside and outside the country. According to UNHCR as of 2023, more than 1.6 million Ukrainian citizens applied for protection status in Poland and 4.9 million people received internally displaced status in Ukraine. This paper aims to analyse the data from a 2023 survey of internally displaced Ukrainians and those who are considered refugees to identify how their financial patterns have changed and what measures can be applied for adjustment to a new environment. The results show that there are no significant changes in patterns of financial behaviour, however, both groups demonstrate coping strategies: more than 50% in both groups shorten their financial horizon plans. Their expenditures are focused mostly on essential needs. In both countries, Ukrainians invest less because of the decrease in their income. As well, the majority in both groups do not invest at all. Bank deposits remain the most popular investment for Ukrainians (in Ukraine is more than 25%, and in Poland is more than 15%). The real estate objects in Ukraine are less attractive because of security as before 2022. At the same time, Ukrainians are searching for alternative ways of investment. Ukrainians demonstrate a high level of using different digital technologies for different purposes, including personal finance. The fintech solutions are recommended to facilitate better decision-making in personal finance and change the patterns of financial behaviour. Fintech can increase the financial inclusion of IDPs in Ukraine and migrants in Poland and direct money flows for investment for further their pension payments.

In the context of a significant reduction in international mobility for Russian scientists, the importance of domestic programs is increasing. This study aims to assess the scale of domestic academic mobility programs, create a profile of those interested in participating in such programs, and describe the outcomes of such participation using young candidates of sciences as an example. The study is based on the results of representative surveys conducted among Russian teachers, researchers, and graduate students as part of the Monitoring of the Economy of Education in June-October 2022, as well as in-depth interviews conducted with participants of Russian postdoc programs by the authors in June-September 2022. It was found that the level of domestic mobility for teachers and researchers is low: only 3% of them underwent long-term internships within the country in 2019-2021, and 3% of graduate students participated in Russian postdoc programs. The potential mobility level is also low: one-third of Russian teachers (30%) are not willing to change their place of residence for a new job. Participants of Russian postdoc programs highlight numerous positive effects of these programs, including significant growth in qualifications, acquisition of new competencies, and expansion of professional networks. However, the development of domestic academic mobility is hindered by various institutional barriers such as the closed academic environment and cautious attitude towards mobility, as well as lack of support during relocation.

Huntington’s disease (HD) is caused by an expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene; the exact pathogenesis of HD currently remains unclear. One of the promising directions in the study of HDs is to determine the molecular mechanism underlying the development and role of microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aimed to identify the profile of miRNAs in an HD human cell line model as diagnostic biomarkers for HD. To study HD, the human SH-SY5Y HD cell model is based on the expression of two different forms: pEGFP-Q23 and pEGFP-Q74 of HTT. The expression of Htt protein was confirmed using aggregation assays combined with immunofluorescence and Western blotting methods. miRNA levels were measured in SH-SY5Y neuronal cell model samples stably expressing Q23 and Q74 using the extraction-free HTG EdgeSeq protocol. A total of 2083 miRNAs were detected, and 354 (top 18 miRNAs) miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed (DE) (p

Мета. Вивчити особливості цвітіння та плодоношення шовковиці плодової в умовах Правобережної частини Лісостепу України Методи. Дослідження проводили в зоні Лісостепу на експериментальній базі Інституту садівництва НААН упродовж 2021–2023 рр. Предметом слугував рослинний матеріал різних сортозразків шовковиці плодової селекційних форм від насіннєвого потомства сорту ‘Крупноплідна’; як контроль використовували рослини самоплідної шовковиці. Морфологічний опис структурних елементів генеративних органів та дослідження життєздатності пилку проводили згідно з опублікованими методиками. Плодоношення селекційних форм оцінювали за п’ятибаловою шкалою. Результати. Встановлено, що всі досліджувані рослини мають здатність до проростання пилку. Найбільше життєздатного пилку (75,1%) виявлено в селекційній чоловічій формі №5 за 12­годинної експозиції та концентрації сахарози, що становила 50%. 24­годинна експозиція спричиняла зниження до 63,1% енергії проростання. Остання була найменшою в пилкових зернах рослин триплоїдного сортозразка за обох використаних концентрацій сахарози. Порівняльна характеристика морфологічних ознак і насіннєвої продуктивності (в розрахунку на одне супліддя) селекційних форм M. alba показала генетичну різноманітність рослин сортозразків виду, що проявляється в різниці фенотипових ознак через мінливість діапазону їхнього вияву. Висновки. Найвищі показники проростання пилку шовковиці білої одержано для селекційної форми № 5 – 79,1 ± 0,36% (чоловічого екземпляра), за 25­відсоткової концентрації сахарози в поживному середовищі. Кількість плодів, що утворилися на дворічних пагонах, – 21–91 шт. Оцінка плодоношення селекційних форм становила 4–5 балів, а їхні супліддя були 2,26–3,97 см завдовжки (великі). Загалом, вивчення морфології генеративних органів селекційних форм M. alba, кожна з яких утворює виповнене насіння з високою енергією проростання (91–98%), показало непорушність репродуктивних функцій шовковиці, що вказує на успішне проходження рослинами всіх етапів органогенезу.

The conditions of the digital economy set a new context for social security management. The use of digital technologies can help streamline processes, increase efficiency, and ensure a rapid and accurate response to social challenges. That is why the presented study is up-to-date and of relevace. The aim of the publication is to define the main features of the social security management system in the digital economy, taking into account the local level, that is, the level of the city. The main methods of the carried out study are: analysis and synthesis – to define the main components of social security management at the local level, as well as the main features of the digital economy in the context of social security; deduction and induction – to define the components of social security at different levels of management; method of comparison – to define the features of the levels of social security management; graphical method – for visual display of the provided results. The main results of the carried out study can be considered the following identified features of social security in the digital economy: development and implementation of platforms for the provision of social services online, which simplifies citizens’ access to social support; the use of digital identifiers for citizens in social protection systems and the issuance of electronic cards to access the services; ensuring a high level of cybersecurity to protect personal data and prevent cyber threats; application of analytical tools to identify social trends, forecasting the needs and development of social programs; the use of artificial intelligence to optimize the allocation of resources and determine priorities in the social sphere; introduction of chatbots and virtual assistants for consultations and provision of information on social services; implementing digital solutions in social protection programs to make them more flexible and efficient; automation of the processes of assigning and paying social benefits to speed up the provision of support; introduction of electronic systems for the exchange of medical information and electronic medical records; ensuring the possibility of remote medical consultations and electronic prescriptions; creation of electronic platforms for education and advanced training for the unemployed and low-income groups; development of electronic labor markets and platforms for online employment. The digital economy opens up new opportunities for improving the management of social security, simplifies access to social services and allows for more effective resolution of social problems. At the same time, it is important to take into account the aspects of cybersecurity, privacy, and accessibility of digital solutions for all segments of the population.

Currently, increasing evidence shows the mutual influence of aldosterone and adipose tissue. Aldosterone excess has been reported in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Aldosterone has a direct effect on adipose tissue increasing anabolic activity and expression of mineralocorticoid receptors. In turn, excessive activation of MCR leads to stimulation of adipogenesis and an increase in the volume of adipose tissue. Aldosterone excess can be considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor that affects such processes as cardiac fibrosis, nephrosclerosis, and arteriosclerosis. There is convincing evidence of higher prevalence and severity of impaired glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism disorders among patients with primary hyperaldosteronism. Similar pathological changes are also observed in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome. This review presents scientific data on the metabolic effects of aldosterone, in particular its effect on adipose tissue function, glucose and lipid metabolism. Treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists may provide substantial benefit in the management of metabolic syndrome, contribute to the stabilisation of glucose and lipid metabolism, improve clinical status of patients with cardiovascular diseases and reduce the risk of complications. However, available evidence from the conducted studies is not sufficient to justify introduction of such therapy into clinical practice.

Hyperandrogenism is the most prevalent cause of menstrual cycle abnormalities and infertility in women. Here, we present a case of a 32-year-old woman with a 7-year history of menstrual irregularity and infertility. Laboratory test results revealed elevated 17-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone 21-deoxycortisol. Abdominal computed tomography found a 3,9х2,9х2,6 cm left adrenal tumor. Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia was diagnosed initially, however, treatment with supraphysiological doses of dexamethasone proved ineffective and progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels remained high. Genetic testing revealed no 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed with subsequent pathological report being compatible with an adrenal cortical adenoma. 17-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone 21-deoxycortisol levels returned to the normal range postoperatively and the patient’s menstrual cycle normalized without additional medication. Steroid metabolites producing adenomas are also extremely rare with only a few cases found in patients without previous CAH diagnosis. When a patient with clinically and biochemically diagnosed NCCAH demonstrate no typical features and shows poor response to steroid therapy, the patient should receive multisteroid LC–MS/MS assay for glucocorticoids and androgens, adrenal and ovarian imaging and undergo CYP21A2 gene mutation analysis.

In modern society knowledge of Creative Pedagogy ensures high potential of educational activities and achievement of a high level of education quality. The education system is faced with the task of qualitatively preparing a modern graduate for further education and work. Solving this problem requires the search and implementation of new teaching methods, which are a meaningful component of Creative Pedagogy. Scientific works do not fully present a comprehensive analysis of Creative Pedagogy. They primarily reveal only some aspects related to the creativity of a teacher and the principles of organizing a creative environment. The weak theoretical development of the issue under consideration allowed us to formulate the following research problem: what are the essential characteristics of Creative Pedagogy? The purpose of the article is to substantiate theoretical approaches to the definition of “Creative Pedagogy”. Solving the stated goal required the use of theoretical research methods (analysis of scientific literature, synthesis of existing knowledge on the problem under study, generalization). The empirical basis of the study is represented by analytical materials and information resources on the Internet.The results of the research include 1) the concept of “Creative Pedagogy” is considered as an innovative direction of the new education paradigm; 2) the potential of Creative Pedagogy in educational activities has been revealed; 3) the pedagogical conditions for the creative orientation of pedagogical activity have been determined; 4) the basic principles of creating a creative educational environment have been outlined.Key findings: The study extends pedagogical theory toward understanding the content of Creative Pedagogy; the presented basic principles can be used by teachers when organizing a creative educational environment, and the proposed creative teaching methods can be used to stimulate the cognitive activity of students.

Researchers from Western countries and some Russian scientists initially enthusiastically classified anti-government protests and uprisings in the 2010s in a number of Arab countries in the Middle East and North Africa as «Arab Spring» or «Arab Awakening».However, the consequences of these «springs» and «awakenings» in some countries of the abovementioned region caused less delight and more anxiety. Indeed, if Tunisia after its «Arab Spring» returned to stable development, in Egypt one general (Hosni Mubarak) was replaced by another (Abdul-Fattah al-Sisi), then in Yemen, and especially in Libya, as a consequence of the «Arab awakenings» civil wars occurred, that are still ongoing, and threaten the complete disintegration of the above-mentioned countries.Based on the above, it is quite obvious that the analysis of the causes, the content of the main stages and consequences of the evolution of the internal political situation in Libya after the overthrow of the regime of M. Gaddafi in October 2011 is not only an urgent scientific, but also a political task. The purpose of the article is to analyze the reasons for the destabilization of the internal political situation in Libya since October 2011, the content of its key stages and consequences. When writing the text of the article, the following scientific methods were used: problem-chronological, comparativehistorical, periodization method, historical-genetic, historical-retrospective, etc. The development of the internal political situation in Libya since October 2011 has led the Libyan state to total disintegration. The Libyan statehood, which until October 2011 was not particularly strong and stable, is confidently drifting towards fragmentation and autonomy within not only individual regions, but even individual cities.