Search

Your search keyword '"J. A. Nikkel"' showing total 24 results
Start Over Author "J. A. Nikkel"
24 results on '"J. A. Nikkel"'

1. Nonproportionality of NaI(Tl) scintillation detector for dark matter search experiments

Author

COSINE-100 Collaboration, S. M. Lee, G. Adhikari, N. Carlin, J. Y. Cho, J. J. Choi, S. Choi, A. C. Ezeribe, L. E. França, C. Ha, I. S. Hahn, S. J. Hollick, E. J. Jeon, H. W. Joo, W. G. Kang, M. Kauer, B. H. Kim, H. J. Kim, J. Kim, K. W. Kim, S. H. Kim, S. K. Kim, S. W. Kim, W. K. Kim, Y. D. Kim, Y. H. Kim, Y. J. Ko, D. H. Lee, E. K. Lee, H. Lee, H. S. Lee, H. Y. Lee, I. S. Lee, J. Lee, J. Y. Lee, M. H. Lee, S. H. Lee, Y. J. Lee, D. S. Leonard, N. T. Luan, B. B. Manzato, R. H. Maruyama, R. J. Neal, J. A. Nikkel, S. L. Olsen, B. J. Park, H. K. Park, H. S. Park, J. C. Park, K. S. Park, S. D. Park, R. L. C. Pitta, H. Prihtiadi, S. J. Ra, C. Rott, K. A. Shin, D. F. F. S. Cavalcante, A. Scarff, M. K. Son, N. J. C. Spooner, L. T. Truc, L. Yang, and G. H. Yu

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract We present a comprehensive study of the nonproportionality of NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors within the context of dark matter search experiments. Our investigation, which integrates COSINE-100 data with supplementary $$\gamma $$ γ spectroscopy, measures light yields across diverse energy levels from full-energy $$\gamma $$ γ peaks produced by the decays of various isotopes. These $$\gamma $$ γ peaks of interest were produced by decays supported by both long and short-lived isotopes. Analyzing peaks from decays supported only by short-lived isotopes presented a unique challenge due to their limited statistics and overlapping energies, which was overcome by long-term data collection and a time-dependent analysis. A key achievement is the direct measurement of the 0.87 keV light yield, resulting from the cascade following electron capture decay of $$\mathrm {^{22}Na}$$ 22 Na from internal contamination. This measurement, previously accessible only indirectly, deepens our understanding of NaI(Tl) scintillator behavior in the region of interest for dark matter searches. This study holds substantial implications for background modeling and the interpretation of dark matter signals in NaI(Tl) experiments.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Erratum to: The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Author

D. S. Akerib, C. W. Akerlof, D. Yu. Akimov, A. Alquahtani, S. K. Alsum, T. J. Anderson, N. Angelides, H. M. Araújo, A. Arbuckle, J. E. Armstrong, M. Arthurs, H. Auyeung, S. Aviles, X. Bai, A. J. Bailey, J. Balajthy, S. Balashov, J. Bang, M. J. Barry, D. Bauer, P. Bauer, A. Baxter, J. Belle, P. Beltrame, J. Bensinger, T. Benson, E. P. Bernard, A. Bernstein, A. Bhatti, A. Biekert, T. P. Biesiadzinski, H. J. Birch, B. Birrittella, K. E. Boast, A. I. Bolozdynya, E. M. Boulton, B. Boxer, R. Bramante, S. Branson, P. Brás, M. Breidenbach, C. A. J. Brew, J. H. Buckley, V. V. Bugaev, R. Bunker, S. Burdin, J. K. Busenitz, R. Cabrita, J. S. Campbell, C. Carels, D. L. Carlsmith, B. Carlson, M. C. Carmona-Benitez, M. Cascella, C. Chan, J. J. Cherwinka, A. A. Chiller, C. Chiller, N. I. Chott, A. Cole, J. Coleman, D. Colling, R. A. Conley, A. Cottle, R. Coughlen, G. Cox, W. W. Craddock, D. Curran, A. Currie, J. E. Cutter, J. P. da Cunha, C. E. Dahl, S. Dardin, S. Dasu, J. Davis, T. J. R. Davison, L. de Viveiros, N. Decheine, A. Dobi, J. E. Y. Dobson, E. Druszkiewicz, A. Dushkin, T. K. Edberg, W. R. Edwards, B. N. Edwards, J. Edwards, M. M. Elnimr, W. T. Emmet, S. R. Eriksen, C. H. Faham, A. Fan, S. Fayer, S. Fiorucci, H. Flaecher, I. M. Fogarty Florang, P. Ford, V. B. Francis, E. D. Fraser, F. Froborg, T. Fruth, R. J. Gaitskell, N. J. Gantos, D. Garcia, V. M. Gehman, R. Gelfand, J. Genovesi, R. M. Gerhard, C. Ghag, E. Gibson, M. G. D. Gilchriese, S. Gokhale, B. Gomber, T. G. Gonda, A. Greenall, S. Greenwood, G. Gregerson, M. G. D. van der Grinten, C. B. Gwilliam, C. R. Hall, D. Hamilton, S. Hans, K. Hanzel, T. Harrington, A. Harrison, J. Harrison, C. Hasselkus, S. J. Haselschwardt, D. Hemer, S. A. Hertel, J. Heise, S. Hillbrand, O. Hitchcock, C. Hjemfelt, M. D. Hoff, B. Holbrook, E. Holtom, J. Y-K. Hor, M. Horn, D. Q. Huang, T. W. Hurteau, C. M. Ignarra, M. N. Irving, R. G. Jacobsen, O. Jahangir, S. N. Jeffery, W. Ji, M. Johnson, J. Johnson, P. Johnson, W. G. Jones, A. C. Kaboth, A. Kamaha, K. Kamdin, V. Kasey, K. Kazkaz, J. Keefner, D. Khaitan, M. Khaleeq, A. Khazov, A. V. Khromov, I. Khurana, Y. D. Kim, W. T. Kim, C. D. Kocher, D. Kodroff, A. M. Konovalov, L. Korley, E. V. Korolkova, M. Koyuncu, J. Kras, H. Kraus, S. W. Kravitz, H. J. Krebs, L. Kreczko, B. Krikler, V. A. Kudryavtsev, A. V. Kumpan, S. Kyre, A. R. Lambert, B. Landerud, N. A. Larsen, A. Laundrie, E. A. Leason, H. S. Lee, J. Lee, C. Lee, B. G. Lenardo, D. S. Leonard, R. Leonard, K. T. Lesko, C. Levy, J. Li, Y. Liu, J. Liao, F.-T. Liao, J. Lin, A. Lindote, R. Linehan, W. H. Lippincott, R. Liu, X. Liu, C. Loniewski, M. I. Lopes, E. Lopez-Asamar, B. López Paredes, W. Lorenzon, D. Lucero, S. Luitz, J. M. Lyle, C. Lynch, P. A. Majewski, J. Makkinje, D. C. Malling, A. Manalaysay, L. Manenti, R. L. Mannino, N. Marangou, D. J. Markley, P. MarrLaundrie, T. J. Martin, M. F. Marzioni, C. Maupin, C. T. McConnell, D. N. McKinsey, J. McLaughlin, D.-M. Mei, Y. Meng, E. H. Miller, Z. J. Minaker, E. Mizrachi, J. Mock, D. Molash, A. Monte, M. E. Monzani, J. A. Morad, E. Morrison, B. J. Mount, A. St. J. Murphy, D. Naim, A. Naylor, C. Nedlik, C. Nehrkorn, H. N. Nelson, J. Nesbit, F. Neves, J. A. Nikkel, J. A. Nikoleyczik, A. Nilima, J. O’Dell, H. Oh, F. G. O’Neill, K. O’Sullivan, I. Olcina, M. A. Olevitch, K. C. Oliver-Mallory, L. Oxborough, A. Pagac, D. Pagenkopf, S. Pal, K. J. Palladino, V. M. Palmaccio, J. Palmer, M. Pangilinan, N. Parveen, S. J. Patton, E. K. Pease, B. P. Penning, G. Pereira, C. Pereira, I. B. Peterson, A. Piepke, S. Pierson, S. Powell, R. M. Preece, K. Pushkin, Y. Qie, M. Racine, B. N. Ratcliff, J. Reichenbacher, L. Reichhart, C. A. Rhyne, A. Richards, Q. Riffard, G. R. C. Rischbieter, J. P. Rodrigues, H. J. Rose, R. Rosero, P. Rossiter, R. Rucinski, G. Rutherford, J. S. Saba, L. Sabarots, D. Santone, M. Sarychev, A. B. M. R. Sazzad, R. W. Schnee, M. Schubnell, P. R. Scovell, M. Severson, D. Seymour, S. Shaw, G. W. Shutt, T. A. Shutt, J. J. Silk, C. Silva, K. Skarpaas, W. Skulski, A. R. Smith, R. J. Smith, R. E. Smith, J. So, M. Solmaz, V. N. Solovov, P. Sorensen, V. V. Sosnovtsev, I. Stancu, M. R. Stark, S. Stephenson, N. Stern, A. Stevens, T. M. Stiegler, K. Stifter, R. Studley, T. J. Sumner, K. Sundarnath, P. Sutcliffe, N. Swanson, M. Szydagis, M. Tan, W. C. Taylor, R. Taylor, D. J. Taylor, D. Temples, B. P. Tennyson, P. A. Terman, K. J. Thomas, J. A. Thomson, D. R. Tiedt, M. Timalsina, W. H. To, A. Tomás, T. E. Tope, M. Tripathi, D. R. Tronstad, C. E. Tull, W. Turner, L. Tvrznikova, M. Utes, U. Utku, S. Uvarov, J. Va’vra, A. Vacheret, A. Vaitkus, J. R. Verbus, T. Vietanen, E. Voirin, C. O. Vuosalo, S. Walcott, W. L. Waldron, K. Walker, J. J. Wang, R. Wang, L. Wang, W. Wang, Y. Wang, J. R. Watson, J. Migneault, S. Weatherly, R. C. Webb, W.-Z. Wei, M. While, R. G. White, J. T. White, D. T. White, T. J. Whitis, W. J. Wisniewski, K. Wilson, M. S. Witherell, F. L. H. Wolfs, J. D. Wolfs, D. Woodward, S. D. Worm, X. Xiang, Q. Xiao, J. Xu, M. Yeh, J. Yin, I. Young, C. Zhang, and P. Zarzhitsky

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Author

D. S. Akerib, C. W. Akerlof, D. Yu. Akimov, A. Alquahtani, S. K. Alsum, T. J. Anderson, N. Angelides, H. M. Araújo, A. Arbuckle, J. E. Armstrong, M. Arthurs, H. Auyeung, S. Aviles, X. Bai, A. J. Bailey, J. Balajthy, S. Balashov, J. Bang, M. J. Barry, D. Bauer, P. Bauer, A. Baxter, J. Belle, P. Beltrame, J. Bensinger, T. Benson, E. P. Bernard, A. Bernstein, A. Bhatti, A. Biekert, T. P. Biesiadzinski, H. J. Birch, B. Birrittella, K. E. Boast, A. I. Bolozdynya, E. M. Boulton, B. Boxer, R. Bramante, S. Branson, P. Brás, M. Breidenbach, C. A. J. Brew, J. H. Buckley, V. V. Bugaev, R. Bunker, S. Burdin, J. K. Busenitz, R. Cabrita, J. S. Campbell, C. Carels, D. L. Carlsmith, B. Carlson, M. C. Carmona-Benitez, M. Cascella, C. Chan, J. J. Cherwinka, A. A. Chiller, C. Chiller, N. I. Chott, A. Cole, J. Coleman, D. Colling, R. A. Conley, A. Cottle, R. Coughlen, G. Cox, W. W. Craddock, D. Curran, A. Currie, J. E. Cutter, J. P. da Cunha, C. E. Dahl, S. Dardin, S. Dasu, J. Davis, T. J. R. Davison, L. de Viveiros, N. Decheine, A. Dobi, J. E. Y. Dobson, E. Druszkiewicz, A. Dushkin, T. K. Edberg, W. R. Edwards, B. N. Edwards, J. Edwards, M. M. Elnimr, W. T. Emmet, S. R. Eriksen, C. H. Faham, A. Fan, S. Fayer, S. Fiorucci, H. Flaecher, I. M. Fogarty Florang, P. Ford, V. B. Francis, E. D. Fraser, F. Froborg, T. Fruth, R. J. Gaitskell, N. J. Gantos, D. Garcia, V. M. Gehman, R. Gelfand, J. Genovesi, R. M. Gerhard, C. Ghag, E. Gibson, M. G. D. Gilchriese, S. Gokhale, B. Gomber, T. G. Gonda, A. Greenall, S. Greenwood, G. Gregerson, M. G. D. van der Grinten, C. B. Gwilliam, C. R. Hall, D. Hamilton, S. Hans, K. Hanzel, T. Harrington, A. Harrison, J. Harrison, C. Hasselkus, S. J. Haselschwardt, D. Hemer, S. A. Hertel, J. Heise, S. Hillbrand, O. Hitchcock, C. Hjemfelt, M. D. Hoff, B. Holbrook, E. Holtom, J. Y-K. Hor, M. Horn, D. Q. Huang, T. W. Hurteau, C. M. Ignarra, M. N. Irving, R. G. Jacobsen, O. Jahangir, S. N. Jeffery, W. Ji, M. Johnson, J. Johnson, P. Johnson, W. G. Jones, A. C. Kaboth, A. Kamaha, K. Kamdin, V. Kasey, K. Kazkaz, J. Keefner, D. Khaitan, M. Khaleeq, A. Khazov, A. V. Khromov, I. Khurana, Y. D. Kim, W. T. Kim, C. D. Kocher, D. Kodroff, A. M. Konovalov, L. Korley, E. V. Korolkova, M. Koyuncu, J. Kras, H. Kraus, S. W. Kravitz, H. J. Krebs, L. Kreczko, B. Krikler, V. A. Kudryavtsev, A. V. Kumpan, S. Kyre, A. R. Lambert, B. Landerud, N. A. Larsen, A. Laundrie, E. A. Leason, H. S. Lee, J. Lee, C. Lee, B. G. Lenardo, D. S. Leonard, R. Leonard, K. T. Lesko, C. Levy, J. Li, Y. Liu, J. Liao, F.-T. Liao, J. Lin, A. Lindote, R. Linehan, W. H. Lippincott, R. Liu, X. Liu, C. Loniewski, M. I. Lopes, E. Lopez-Asamar, B. López Paredes, W. Lorenzon, D. Lucero, S. Luitz, J. M. Lyle, C. Lynch, P. A. Majewski, J. Makkinje, D. C. Malling, A. Manalaysay, L. Manenti, R. L. Mannino, N. Marangou, D. J. Markley, P. MarrLaundrie, T. J. Martin, M. F. Marzioni, C. Maupin, C. T. McConnell, D. N. McKinsey, J. McLaughlin, D.-M. Mei, Y. Meng, E. H. Miller, Z. J. Minaker, E. Mizrachi, J. Mock, D. Molash, A. Monte, M. E. Monzani, J. A. Morad, E. Morrison, B. J. Mount, A. St. J. Murphy, D. Naim, A. Naylor, C. Nedlik, C. Nehrkorn, H. N. Nelson, J. Nesbit, F. Neves, J. A. Nikkel, J. A. Nikoleyczik, A. Nilima, J. O’Dell, H. Oh, F. G. O’Neill, K. O’Sullivan, I. Olcina, M. A. Olevitch, K. C. Oliver-Mallory, L. Oxborough, A. Pagac, D. Pagenkopf, S. Pal, K. J. Palladino, V. M. Palmaccio, J. Palmer, M. Pangilinan, N. Parveen, S. J. Patton, E. K. Pease, B. P. Penning, G. Pereira, C. Pereira, I. B. Peterson, A. Piepke, S. Pierson, S. Powell, R. M. Preece, K. Pushkin, Y. Qie, M. Racine, B. N. Ratcliff, J. Reichenbacher, L. Reichhart, C. A. Rhyne, A. Richards, Q. Riffard, G. R. C. Rischbieter, J. P. Rodrigues, H. J. Rose, R. Rosero, P. Rossiter, R. Rucinski, G. Rutherford, J. S. Saba, L. Sabarots, D. Santone, M. Sarychev, A. B. M. R. Sazzad, R. W. Schnee, M. Schubnell, P. R. Scovell, M. Severson, D. Seymour, S. Shaw, G. W. Shutt, T. A. Shutt, J. J. Silk, C. Silva, K. Skarpaas, W. Skulski, A. R. Smith, R. J. Smith, R. E. Smith, J. So, M. Solmaz, V. N. Solovov, P. Sorensen, V. V. Sosnovtsev, I. Stancu, M. R. Stark, S. Stephenson, N. Stern, A. Stevens, T. M. Stiegler, K. Stifter, R. Studley, T. J. Sumner, K. Sundarnath, P. Sutcliffe, N. Swanson, M. Szydagis, M. Tan, W. C. Taylor, R. Taylor, D. J. Taylor, D. Temples, B. P. Tennyson, P. A. Terman, K. J. Thomas, J. A. Thomson, D. R. Tiedt, M. Timalsina, W. H. To, A. Tomás, T. E. Tope, M. Tripathi, D. R. Tronstad, C. E. Tull, W. Turner, L. Tvrznikova, M. Utes, U. Utku, S. Uvarov, J. Va’vra, A. Vacheret, A. Vaitkus, J. R. Verbus, T. Vietanen, E. Voirin, C. O. Vuosalo, S. Walcott, W. L. Waldron, K. Walker, J. J. Wang, R. Wang, L. Wang, W. Wang, Y. Wang, J. R. Watson, J. Migneault, S. Weatherly, R. C. Webb, W.-Z. Wei, M. While, R. G. White, J. T. White, D. T. White, T. J. Whitis, W. J. Wisniewski, K. Wilson, M. S. Witherell, F. L. H. Wolfs, J. D. Wolfs, D. Woodward, S. D. Worm, X. Xiang, Q. Xiao, J. Xu, M. Yeh, J. Yin, I. Young, C. Zhang, and P. Zarzhitsky

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) is a second-generation direct dark matter experiment with spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering sensitivity above $${1.4 \times 10^{-48}}\, {\hbox {cm}}^{2}$$ 1.4 × 10 - 48 cm 2 for a WIMP mass of $${40}\, \hbox {GeV}/{\hbox {c}}^{2}$$ 40 GeV / c 2 and a $${1000}\, \hbox {days}$$ 1000 days exposure. LZ achieves this sensitivity through a combination of a large $${5.6}\, \hbox {t}$$ 5.6 t fiducial volume, active inner and outer veto systems, and radio-pure construction using materials with inherently low radioactivity content. The LZ collaboration performed an extensive radioassay campaign over a period of six years to inform material selection for construction and provide an input to the experimental background model against which any possible signal excess may be evaluated. The campaign and its results are described in this paper. We present assays of dust and radon daughters depositing on the surface of components as well as cleanliness controls necessary to maintain background expectations through detector construction and assembly. Finally, examples from the campaign to highlight fixed contaminant radioassays for the LZ photomultiplier tubes, quality control and quality assurance procedures through fabrication, radon emanation measurements of major sub-systems, and bespoke detector systems to assay scintillator are presented.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Limits on Sub-GeV Dark Matter from the PROSPECT Reactor Antineutrino Experiment

Author

J. Koblanski, J. L. Palomino, Chao Zhang, M. P. Mendenhall, Minfang Yeh, A. J. Conant, A. B. Hansell, C. E. Gilbert, Christopher V. Cappiello, B. T. Foust, J. Wilhelmi, J. LaRosa, A. M. Meyer, R. Neilson, J. K. Gaison, J. Maricic, R. Milincic, G. Deichert, T. J. Langford, D. Venegas-Vargas, Jim Napolitano, C. D. Bryan, Xin Lu, P. E. Mueller, R. L. Varner, Nathaniel Bowden, R. Rosero, X. Zhang, Denis E. Bergeron, D. E. Jaffe, J. A. Nikkel, Xiaolu Ji, Hans P. Mumm, S. Hans, D. C. Jones, A. B. Balantekin, M. A. Tyra, A. Woolverton, O. Kyzylova, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, K. M. Heeger, C. E. Lane, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, P. Weatherly, M. V. Diwan, H. R. Band, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, P. T. Surukuchi, Dmitry A. Pushin, S. Jayakumar, B. Heffron, Xin Qian, and M. Andriamirado

Subjects
Physics, High energy, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Sidereal time, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

If dark matter has mass lower than around 1 GeV, it will not impart enough energy to cause detectable nuclear recoils in many direct-detection experiments. However, if dark matter is upscattered to high energy by collisions with cosmic rays, it may be detectable in both direct-detection experiments and neutrino experiments. We report the results of a dedicated search for boosted dark matter upscattered by cosmic rays using the PROSPECT reactor antineutrino experiment. We show that such a flux of upscattered dark matter would display characteristic diurnal sidereal modulation, and use this to set new experimental constraints on sub-GeV dark matter exhibiting large interaction cross-sections., 11 pages, 8 figures

Published
2021

5. PROSPECT-II physics opportunities

Author

M Andriamirado, A B Balantekin, H R Band, C D Bass, D E Bergeron, N S Bowden, C D Bryan, R Carr, T Classen, A J Conant, G Deichert, A Delgado, M V Diwan, M J Dolinski, A Erickson, B T Foust, J K Gaison, A Galindo-Uribari, C E Gilbert, C Grant, S Hans, A B Hansell, K M Heeger, B Heffron, D E Jaffe, S Jayakumar, X Ji, D C Jones, J Koblanski, P Kunkle, O Kyzylova, C E Lane, T J Langford, J LaRosa, B R Littlejohn, X Lu, J Maricic, M P Mendenhall, A M Meyer, R Milincic, P E Mueller, H P Mumm, J Napolitano, R Neilson, J A Nikkel, S Nour, J L Palomino, D A Pushin, X Qian, R Rosero, M Searles, P T Surukuchi, M A Tyra, R L Varner, D Venegas-Vargas, P B Weatherly, C White, J Wilhelmi, A Woolverton, M Yeh, C Zhang, X Zhang, and (The PROSPECT Collaboration)

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The precision reactor oscillation and spectrum experiment, PROSPECT, has made world-leading measurements of reactor antineutrinos at short baselines. In its first phase, conducted at the high flux isotope reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PROSPECT produced some of the strongest limits on eV-scale sterile neutrinos, made a precision measurement of the reactor antineutrino spectrum from 235U, and demonstrated the observation of reactor antineutrinos in an aboveground detector with good energy resolution and well-controlled backgrounds. The PROSPECT collaboration is now preparing an upgraded detector, PROSPECT-II, to probe yet unexplored parameter space for sterile neutrinos and contribute to a full resolution of the reactor antineutrino anomaly, a longstanding puzzle in neutrino physics. By pressing forward on the world’s most precise measurement of the 235U antineutrino spectrum and measuring the absolute flux of antineutrinos from 235U, PROSPECT-II will sharpen a tool with potential value for basic neutrino science, nuclear data validation, and nuclear security applications. Following a two-year deployment at HFIR, an additional PROSPECT-II deployment at a low enriched uranium reactor could make complementary measurements of the neutrino yield from other fission isotopes. PROSPECT-II provides a unique opportunity to continue the study of reactor antineutrinos at short baselines, taking advantage of demonstrated elements of the original PROSPECT design and close access to a highly enriched uranium reactor core.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Nonfuel Antineutrino Contributions in the High Flux Isotope Reactor

Author

A B, Balantekin, H R, Band, C D, Bass, D E, Bergeron, D, Berish, N S, Bowden, J P, Brodsky, C D, Bryan, T, Classen, A J, Conant, G, Deichert, M V, Diwan, M J, Dolinski, A, Erickson, B T, Foust, J K, Gaison, A, Galindo-Uribarri, C E, Gilbert, B T, Hackett, S, Hans, A B, Hansell, K M, Heeger, B, Heffron, D E, Jaffe, X, Ji, D C, Jones, O, Kyzylova, C E, Lane, T J, Langford, J, LaRosa, B R, Littlejohn, X, Lu, J, Maricic, M P, Mendenhall, R, Milincic, I, Mitchell, P E, Mueller, H P, Mumm, J, Napolitano, R, Neilson, J A, Nikkel, D, Norcini, S, Nour, J L, Palomino-Gallo, D A, Pushin, X, Qian, E, Romero-Romero, R, Rosero, P T, Surukuchi, M A, Tyra, R L, Varner, C, White, J, Wilhelmi, A, Woolverton, M, Yeh, A, Zhang, C, Zhang, and X, Zhang

Subjects
Article
Abstract

Reactor neutrino experiments have seen major improvements in precision in recent years. With the experimental uncertainties becoming lower than those from theory, carefully considering all sources of [Formula: see text] is important when making theoretical predictions. One source of [Formula: see text] that is often neglected arises from the irradiation of the nonfuel materials in reactors. The [Formula: see text] rates and energies from these sources vary widely based on the reactor type, configuration, and sampling stage during the reactor cycle and have to be carefully considered for each experiment independently. In this article, we present a formalism for selecting the possible [Formula: see text] sources arising from the neutron captures on reactor and target materials. We apply this formalism to the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the [Formula: see text] source for the the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Measurement (PROSPECT) experiment. Overall, we observe that the nonfuel [Formula: see text] contributions from HFIR to PROSPECT amount to 1% above the inverse beta decay threshold with a maximum contribution of 9% in the 1.8–2.0 MeV range. Nonfuel contributions can be particularly high for research reactors like HFIR because of the choice of structural and reflector material in addition to the intentional irradiation of target material for isotope production. We show that typical commercial pressurized water reactors fueled with low-enriched uranium will have significantly smaller nonfuel [Formula: see text] contribution.

Published
2020

7. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Author

Mikkel B. Johnson, B. Landerud, A. Biekert, B. N. Edwards, K. Hanzel, T. E. Tope, D. Curran, C. Chiller, J. Palmer, R. Leonard, P. Sutcliffe, E. D. Fraser, R. Bunker, J. So, A. A. Chiller, M. R. While, A. Dobi, D. Hamilton, M. G. D. van der Grinten, W. J. Wisniewski, J. Li, A. Fan, J.S. Saba, C. Lynch, Henrique Araujo, S. Luitz, J. Nesbit, M. Horn, C. D. Kocher, Catarina Silva, F. G. O’Neill, J. C. Davis, J. J. Silk, M. C. Carmona-Benitez, Simon Fayer, M. Pangilinan, K. O’Sullivan, D. Lucero, Q. Xiao, D. Hemer, B. Boxer, J. M. Lyle, C. Chan, C. E. Tull, J. Genovesi, A. Vaitkus, M. Arthurs, V. B. Francis, S. Kravitz, X. Liu, H. J. Birch, R. Linehan, S. Walcott, C. H. Faham, T. J. Anderson, A. B.M.R. Sazzad, D. White, A. Kamaha, M. S. Witherell, R. Studley, K. Sundarnath, R. Liu, H. Oh, L. Korley, H. Flaecher, R. Conley, K. Kamdin, P. Beltrame, S. Stephenson, C. Pereira, C. R. Hall, R. Cabrita, B. Holbrook, B. G. Lenardo, P. Majewski, T.M. Stiegler, I. B. Peterson, A. Manalaysay, A. Monte, C. Ghag, H. Kraus, C. Loniewski, J. Makkinje, X. Xiang, Robert A. Taylor, M. N. Irving, S. Uvarov, Michael Schubnell, J. Heise, R. Coughlen, A. Lambert, F. Froborg, L. Oxborough, D.C. Malling, S. Greenwood, J. Yin, S. J. Haselschwardt, H. J. Krebs, W. H. Lippincott, K. J. Palladino, R. E. Smith, V. A. Kudryavtsev, I. Olcina, C. M. Ignarra, A. Harrison, A. J. Bailey, Minfang Yeh, D. Bauer, W. Skulski, J. Keefner, O. Hitchcock, Ben Carlson, E. Leason, Benjamin Krikler, A. Cottle, E. Mizrachi, Michele Cascella, M. Khaleeq, M. Solmaz, T. J. Whitis, J. J. Wang, N. Angelides, S. Gokhale, K. Skarpaas, Daniel McKinsey, S. Dardin, S. Kyre, D. Santone, P. R. Scovell, T. Vietanen, S. Powell, Y. Wang, David Leonard, E. Morrison, N. Swanson, M. Sarychev, M. A. Olevitch, E. K. Pease, M. Elnimr, P. Brás, N.J. Gantos, R. G. Jacobsen, J. Migneault, Yeongduk Kim, W. Turner, S. D. Worm, Seth Hillbrand, T. Fruth, G. Gregerson, Wenzhao Wei, V. Kasey, L. Kreczko, J. R. Watson, A. Bhatti, D. Naim, Ethan Bernard, B. J. Mount, V. N. Solovov, C. Nedlik, K. Wilson, Elena Korolkova, G. R. C. Rischbieter, P. Ford, A. Stevens, D. J. Taylor, H. N. Nelson, F. Neves, S. Aviles, W. T. Emmet, K. Stifter, B. Birrittella, J. T. White, S. J. Patton, D. Molash, M. Severson, T. A. Shutt, A. Richards, D Kodroff, J. Lin, Kareem Kazkaz, T. P. Biesiadzinski, David Colling, J. Liao, J. Mock, J. A. Morad, E. Holtom, J. E. Y. Dobson, Bjoern Penning, C. E. Dahl, A. Dushkin, A. Konovalov, D. J. Markley, G. W. Shutt, N. Parveen, M. G. D. Gilchriese, Yanwen Liu, C. Carels, Martin Breidenbach, Kathrin C. Walker, V.V. Sosnovtsev, A. Naylor, K. T. Lesko, N. A. Larsen, C. Lee, A. Pagac, J. J. Cherwinka, N. Decheine, J. Bang, J. A. Nikoleyczik, Patrick Bauer, J.P. Rodrigues, S. Branson, T. J. R. Davison, B. Lopez Paredes, D. Pagenkopf, J. S. Campbell, M. Tan, K. C. Oliver-Mallory, M.J. Barry, J. Belle, D. Yu. Akimov, M. Timalsina, S. Shaw, Alexander Bolozdynya, W. Ji, Sridhara Dasu, D. Q. Huang, J. Edwards, F. L. H. Wolfs, K. E. Boast, J. Busenitz, Ren-Jie Wang, S. Fiorucci, N. Stern, C. Rhyne, V. Bugaev, A. Laundrie, G. Rutherford, G. Pereira, E. H. Miller, W. W. Craddock, S. Alsum, J.P. da Cunha, Richard J. Smith, A. Cole, W. Wang, Julie Harrison, I. Khurana, M. Utes, R. J. Gaitskell, J. Kras, D. Khaitan, R. L. Mannino, J. D. Wolfs, H. Auyeung, L. de Viveiros, E. Voirin, E. M. Boulton, N. I. Chott, I. Stancu, L. Tvrznikova, Richard Rosero, P. MarrLaundrie, D. R. Tronstad, T. Benson, Dongming Mei, T. J. Sumner, O. Jahangir, J. Va’vra, Ross G. White, L. Sabarots, A. Currie, A. R. Smith, W. L. Waldron, J. P. Coleman, E. Lopez-Asamar, Wolfgang Lorenzon, A. Piepke, Carl Gwilliam, S. Hans, T. Harrington, Laura Manenti, A. Greenall, F.-T. Liao, G. Cox, J. R. Bensinger, V. M. Gehman, H. J. Rose, Christopher Brew, X. Bai, P. Sorensen, A. Arbuckle, Y. Qie, R. C. Webb, R.M. Gerhard, T.W. Hurteau, K.J. Thomas, P. Rossiter, C. Hasselkus, W. G. Jones, J. Johnson, R. Gelfand, T. G. Gonda, C. O. Vuosalo, A. St. J. Murphy, Adam Bernstein, Chao Zhang, A. Nilima, R. M. Preece, T. K. Edberg, Q. Riffard, B. P. Tennyson, Yue Meng, C. Maupin, J. E. Cutter, J. Reichenbacher, J.Y-K. Hor, N. Marangou, D. Temples, Eli Gibson, M. Hoff, H. S. Lee, J. H. Buckley, Z. J. Minaker, M.I. Lopes, M. Koyuncu, P. A. Terman, J.R. Verbus, Bhawna Gomber, J. A. Nikkel, A. Alquahtani, I. M. Fogarty Florang, D. Seymour, A. V. Kumpan, Antonin Vacheret, C. Hjemfelt, M.R. Stark, S. Pierson, M. Racine, D. R. Tiedt, D. S. Akerib, A. Khazov, W. C. Taylor, J. Balajthy, A.V. Khromov, A. C. Kaboth, V. M. Palmaccio, Duncan Carlsmith, K. Pushkin, S. A. Hertel, S. N. Jeffery, E. Druszkiewicz, R. W. Schnee, S. Pal, R. Bramante, B. N. Ratcliff, M. E. Monzani, J. O'Dell, P. Zarzhitsky, L. Wang, P. Johnson, Matthew Szydagis, W. H. To, J. E. Armstrong, U. Utku, Mani Tripathi, D. Woodward, D. Garcia, W. R. Edwards, Carl W. Akerlof, Jilei Xu, C. Nehrkorn, Ian S. Young, J. McLaughlin, J. Thomson, S. R. Eriksen, R. Rucinski, T.J. Martin, C. Levy, Sergey Burdin, A. Baxter, A. Lindote, L. Reichhart, Juhyeong Lee, S. Balashov, C. T. McConnell, M. F. Marzioni, A. Tomás, W. T. Kim, S. Weatherly, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
BACKGROUNDS, Particle physics, Photomultiplier, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), FOS: Physical sciences, lcsh:Astrophysics, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics, Particles & Fields, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), WIMP, lcsh:QB460-466, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Gamma spectroscopy, Sensitivity (control systems), 010306 general physics, DETECTOR, physics.ins-det, 0206 Quantum Physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Physics, Science & Technology, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, IMPURITIES, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical Sciences, 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Content (measure theory), lcsh:QC770-798, CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
Abstract

LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) is a second-generation direct dark matter experiment with spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering sensitivity above $1.4 \times 10^{-48}$ cm$^{2}$ for a WIMP mass of 40 GeV/c$^{2}$ and a 1000 d exposure. LZ achieves this sensitivity through a combination of a large 5.6 t fiducial volume, active inner and outer veto systems, and radio-pure construction using materials with inherently low radioactivity content. The LZ collaboration performed an extensive radioassay campaign over a period of six years to inform material selection for construction and provide an input to the experimental background model against which any possible signal excess may be evaluated. The campaign and its results are described in this paper. We present assays of dust and radon daughters depositing on the surface of components as well as cleanliness controls necessary to maintain background expectations through detector construction and assembly. Finally, examples from the campaign to highlight fixed contaminant radioassays for the LZ photomultiplier tubes, quality control and quality assurance procedures through fabrication, radon emanation measurements of major sub-systems, and bespoke detector systems to assay scintillator are presented., Comment: 45 pages (79 inc. tables), 7 figures, 9 tables

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Nonfuel antineutrino contributions in the ORNL High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR)

Author

Xiaolu Ji, I. Mitchell, D. Norcini, A. Woolverton, C.E. Gilbert, J. Wilhelmi, Chao Zhang, Aiwu Zhang, S. Nour, M. P. Mendenhall, A. J. Conant, J. L. Palomino-Gallo, Anna Erickson, X. Lu, R. Neilson, E. Romero-Romero, C. E. Lane, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, D. Berish, R. Milincic, D. E. Jaffe, T. J. Langford, R. Rosero, A. B. Hansell, J. A. Nikkel, C. D. Bryan, J. LaRosa, Denis E. Bergeron, B. T. Foust, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, Jim Napolitano, M. A. Tyra, P. T. Surukuchi, X. Zhang, D. C. Jones, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, R. L. Varner, J. K. Gaison, B. Hackett, J. Maricic, Nathaniel Bowden, Hans P. Mumm, K. M. Heeger, Minfang Yeh, J. P. Brodsky, M. V. Diwan, P. E. Mueller, H. R. Band, G. Deichert, Xin Qian, Dmitry A. Pushin, B. Heffron, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, and S. Hans

Subjects
Physics, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, chemistry.chemical_element, Uranium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Inverse beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Irradiation, Reactor neutrino, 010306 general physics, High Flux Isotope Reactor
Abstract

Reactor neutrino experiments have seen major improvements in precision in recent years. With the experimental uncertainties becoming lower than those from theory, carefully considering all sources of ν ¯ e is important when making theoretical predictions. One source of ν ¯ e that is often neglected arises from the irradiation of the nonfuel materials in reactors. The ν ¯ e rates and energies from these sources vary widely based on the reactor type, configuration, and sampling stage during the reactor cycle and have to be carefully considered for each experiment independently. In this article, we present a formalism for selecting the possible ν ¯ e sources arising from the neutron captures on reactor and target materials. We apply this formalism to the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the ν ¯ e source for the the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Measurement (PROSPECT) experiment. Overall, we observe that the nonfuel ν ¯ e contributions from HFIR to PROSPECT amount to 1% above the inverse beta decay threshold with a maximum contribution of 9% in the 1.8-2.0 MeV range. Nonfuel contributions can be particularly high for research reactors like HFIR because of the choice of structural and reflector material in addition to the intentional irradiation of target material for isotope production. We show that typical commercial pressurized water reactors fueled with low-enriched uranium will have significantly smaller nonfuel ν ¯ e contribution.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment

Author

P. Sorensen, J. C. Davis, J. J. Silk, M. C. Carmona-Benitez, E. Holtom, T. J. Anderson, A. B.M.R. Sazzad, V.V. Sosnovtsev, J. J. Cherwinka, V. B. Francis, A. Naylor, L. Korley, K. Kamdin, W. Craddock, P. Beltrame, X. Xiang, A. Manalaysay, P. R. Scovell, D. Q. Huang, Ethan Bernard, B. P. Tennyson, Yue Meng, I. B. Peterson, A. Cottle, A. Biekert, A. Kamaha, M. S. Witherell, R. Studley, M. E. Monzani, J. S. Campbell, Alexander Bolozdynya, C. Chiller, M. G. D. van der Grinten, Matthew Szydagis, C. O. Vuosalo, M. Tan, E. H. Miller, V. Bugaev, B. Boxer, R. Coughlen, J. Liao, I. Stancu, L. de Viveiros, P. MarrLaundrie, A. Lambert, L. Kreczko, J. R. Watson, Michael Schubnell, A. Piepke, S. Greenwood, J. P. Coleman, A. Geffre, D. Bauer, G. W. Shutt, W. H. Lippincott, Y. Qie, Dongming Mei, L. Sabarots, S. Hans, Bhawna Gomber, W. Skulski, J. A. Nikkel, S. A. Hertel, A. Arbuckle, F.-T. Liao, S. R. Eriksen, Daniel McKinsey, E. Druszkiewicz, Jilei Xu, P. Sutcliffe, H. J. Rose, C. Nehrkorn, K. T. Lesko, N. A. Larsen, C. Lee, B. Landerud, Martin Breidenbach, D. Molash, Candace Lynch, W. G. Jones, M. A. Olevitch, Ian S. Young, M. Sarychev, B. N. Edwards, A. Pagac, L. Tvrznikova, P. Ford, S. Luitz, T. J. R. Davison, D. Pagenkopf, P. Majewski, G. Gregerson, Chao Zhang, Mary Severson, A. Currie, Ross G. White, Carl Gwilliam, S. J. Patton, A. J. Bailey, David Colling, Minfang Yeh, K. Wilson, P. Rossiter, S. Alsum, G. Pereira, V. M. Gehman, A. Dushkin, I. Khurana, Richard J. Smith, Benjamin Krikler, N. Marangou, John Heise, C. Loniewski, J. Bang, J. A. Nikoleyczik, J. Belle, D. Yu. Akimov, E. Mizrachi, C. Levy, M. R. While, A. Dobi, H. N. Nelson, X. Bai, J. Johnson, J. O'Dell, W. T. Kim, S. Weatherly, L. Wang, P. Johnson, Elena Korolkova, S. Pierson, W. T. Emmet, K. Stifter, B. Birrittella, T. Tope, A. Richards, Yufeng Wang, Ren-Jie Wang, J. Genovesi, C. Maupin, Kathrin C. Walker, G. R. C. Rischbieter, Eli Gibson, Yeongduk Kim, W. Turner, S. D. Worm, E. M. Boulton, G. Rutherford, S. Kyre, J. Mock, Seth Hillbrand, D. White, Q. Xiao, Sridhara Dasu, R. Leonard, J. Y.K. Hor, B. Holbrook, C. Nedlik, S. Fiorucci, J. Keefner, J. Kras, J. Yin, F. Froborg, F. Neves, D. Khaitan, S. J. Haselschwardt, L. Oxborough, D.S. Hamilton, O. Hitchcock, J.P. da Cunha, J.S. Saba, Henrique Araujo, I. Olcina, David Leonard, A. Bhatti, U. Utku, W. J. Wisniewski, S. Powell, M. Pangilinan, F.L.H. Wolfs, J. Barthel, D. Naim, D. Hemer, M. Timalsina, B. J. Mount, T. A. Shutt, S. Shaw, J. A. Morad, N. Swanson, J.P. Rodrigues, J. Nesbit, W.L. Waldron, J. E. Y. Dobson, J. Busenitz, C. R. Hall, N. Stern, C. Rhyne, A. Cole, R. J. Gaitskell, T. K. Edberg, Q. Riffard, O. Jahangir, B. G. Lenardo, D. Temples, C. Chan, C. E. Tull, A. Vaitkus, D. Garcia, S. Kravitz, T. G. Gonda, M. Elnimr, K. Pushkin, M. Horn, Kareem Kazkaz, H. Kraus, J. Li, C. H. Faham, T.M. Stiegler, A. Monte, C. D. Kocher, T. P. Biesiadzinski, C. Ghag, J. E. Armstrong, H. S. Lee, W. R. Edwards, K. J. Palladino, T. Benson, J. H. Buckley, Z. J. Minaker, Carl W. Akerlof, R. Bunker, M. Solmaz, M. Koyuncu, J.R. Verbus, J. M. Lyle, C. E. Dahl, E. Morrison, J. E. Cutter, J. Reichenbacher, H.J. Krebs, J. So, S. Branson, Peter Bauer, H. Auyeung, D. Seymour, Michele Cascella, A. A. Chiller, Mani Tripathi, Richard Rosero, D. R. Tronstad, R. Liu, M. Khaleeq, N. Decheine, M. N. Irving, Yunpeng Liu, S. Uvarov, J. McLaughlin, A. R. Smith, S. Dardin, J. Thomson, K. Sundarnath, Robert A. Taylor, Ben Carlson, T. Harrington, C. T. McConnell, E. K. Pease, A. Greenall, T. J. Whitis, M. F. Marzioni, C. Silva, V. Kasey, D. Rynders, R. C. Webb, J. Palmer, P. Brás, V. N. Solovov, T.J. Martin, R. Conley, P. A. Terman, A. Tomás, B. Lopez Paredes, K. E. Boast, J. T. White, D. Markley, A. Konovalov, A. Lindote, A. Alquahtani, L. Reichhart, D.C. Malling, K. C. Oliver-Mallory, E. Leason, Juhyeong Lee, D. Curran, Henning Flaecher, S. Balashov, A.V. Khromov, B. N. Ratcliff, J. Migneault, A. V. Kumpan, Simon Fayer, Antonin Vacheret, C. Hjemfelt, R. Linehan, M. Arthurs, S. Stephenson, V. M. Palmaccio, N. I. Chott, M.R. Stark, Duncan Carlsmith, Wenzhao Wei, M. Utes, Laura Manenti, A. Stevens, D. J. Taylor, R. E. Smith, V. A. Kudryavtsev, S. Walcott, C. M. Ignarra, N.J. Gantos, R. G. Jacobsen, M. Racine, A. Fan, Bjoern Penning, J. Va’vra, A. Harrison, H. Oh, J. Makkinje, W. Ji, R. Rucinski, Sergey Burdin, A. Baxter, D. Santone, E. Voirin, R.M. Gerhard, T.W. Hurteau, K.J. Thomas, X. Liu, R. Gelfand, T. Vietanen, A. Nilima, R. M. Preece, A. Laundrie, Mikkel B. Johnson, K. Hanzel, F. G. O'Neill, A. Khazov, W. C. Taylor, J. Balajthy, M.J. Barry, K. O’Sullivan, D. Lucero, A. C. Kaboth, R. L. Mannino, J. D. Wolfs, J. Lin, C. Pereira, N. Angelides, S. Gokhale, A. St. J. Murphy, Adam Bernstein, M. Hoff, M.I. Lopes, M. G. D. Gilchriese, C. Carels, I. M. Fogarty Florang, J. Edwards, S. N. Jeffery, R. W. Schnee, S. Pal, R. Bramante, T. Fruth, T. J. Sumner, W. H. To, Wolfgang Lorenzon, J. R. Bensinger, J. J. Wang, D. Woodward, C. Hasselkus, K. Skarpaas, D. R. Tiedt, D. S. Akerib, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Technology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 0299 Other Physical Sciences, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Physics, Particles & Fields, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, LEAD, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), XENON, Low energy, Xenon, WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Science & Technology, Underground, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Instruments & Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Physics, Dark matter detector, Time projection chamber, Science & Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Neutron capture, Physics, Nuclear, chemistry, Physical Sciences, 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Liquid xenon, EMISSION, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

We describe the design and assembly of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment, a direct detection search for cosmic WIMP dark matter particles. The centerpiece of the experiment is a large liquid xenon time projection chamber sensitive to low energy nuclear recoils. Rejection of backgrounds is enhanced by a Xe skin veto detector and by a liquid scintillator Outer Detector loaded with gadolinium for efficient neutron capture and tagging. LZ is located in the Davis Cavern at the 4850' level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. We describe the major subsystems of the experiment and its key design features and requirements. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. The Radioactive Source Calibration System of the PROSPECT Reactor Antineutrino Detector

Author

R. Rosero, Denis E. Bergeron, T. J. Langford, R. L. Varner, R. D. McKeown, Chao Zhang, M. P. Mendenhall, J. Ashenfelter, M. V. Diwan, Xin Qian, Nathaniel Bowden, X. Lu, Aiwu Zhang, J. Wilhelmi, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, D. Norcini, J. T. Matta, A. B. Telles, Y-R Yen, G. Deichert, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, Hans P. Mumm, Jim Napolitano, C.E. Gilbert, J. P. Brodsky, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, J. J. Cherwinka, R. Neilson, A. B. Hansell, K. M. Heeger, P. E. Mueller, B. Hackett, H. R. Band, B. T. Foust, S. Hans, C. E. Lane, X. Zhang, Dmitry A. Pushin, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, E. Romero-Romero, J. LaRosa, D. E. Jaffe, Minfang Yeh, S. Nour, P. T. Surukuchi, J. A. Nikkel, Anna Erickson, T. Wise, D. Berish, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, Dusan Sarenac, M. A. Tyra, Michael Febbraro, B. Viren, C. D. Bryan, A. J. Conant, J. K. Gaison, and D. J. Dean

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Radioactive source, Nuclear engineering, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Physics::Geophysics, law, Inverse beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, High Flux Isotope Reactor
Abstract

The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum (PROSPECT) Experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment designed to search for sterile neutrinos with a mass on the order of 1 eV/c$^2$ and to measure the spectrum of electron antineutrinos from a highly-enriched $^{235}$U nuclear reactor. The PROSPECT detector consists of an 11 by 14 array of optical segments in $^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator at the High Flux Isotope Reactor in Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Antineutrino events are identified via inverse beta decay and read out by photomultiplier tubes located at the ends of each segment. The detector response is characterized using a radioactive source calibration system. This paper describes the design, operation, and performance of the PROSPECT source calibration system.

Published
2019

11. Measurement of the Antineutrino Spectrum from ^{235}U Fission at HFIR with PROSPECT

Author

J, Ashenfelter, A B, Balantekin, H R, Band, C D, Bass, D E, Bergeron, D, Berish, N S, Bowden, J P, Brodsky, C D, Bryan, J J, Cherwinka, T, Classen, A J, Conant, A A, Cox, D, Davee, D, Dean, G, Deichert, M V, Diwan, M J, Dolinski, A, Erickson, M, Febbraro, B T, Foust, J K, Gaison, A, Galindo-Uribarri, C E, Gilbert, K E, Gilje, B T, Hackett, S, Hans, A B, Hansell, K M, Heeger, J, Insler, D E, Jaffe, X, Ji, D C, Jones, O, Kyzylova, C E, Lane, T J, Langford, J, LaRosa, B R, Littlejohn, X, Lu, D A, Martinez Caicedo, J T, Matta, R D, McKeown, M P, Mendenhall, J M, Minock, P E, Mueller, H P, Mumm, J, Napolitano, R, Neilson, J A, Nikkel, D, Norcini, S, Nour, D A, Pushin, X, Qian, E, Romero-Romero, R, Rosero, D, Sarenac, P T, Surukuchi, A B, Telles, M A, Tyra, R L, Varner, B, Viren, C, White, J, Wilhelmi, T, Wise, M, Yeh, Y-R, Yen, A, Zhang, C, Zhang, and X, Zhang

Abstract

This Letter reports the first measurement of the ^{235}U ν[over ¯]_{e} energy spectrum by PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum experiment, operating 7.9 m from the 85 MW_{th} highly enriched uranium (HEU) High Flux Isotope Reactor. With a surface-based, segmented detector, PROSPECT has observed 31678±304(stat) ν[over ¯]_{e}-induced inverse beta decays, the largest sample from HEU fission to date, 99% of which are attributed to ^{235}U. Despite broad agreement, comparison of the Huber ^{235}U model to the measured spectrum produces a χ^{2}/ndf=51.4/31, driven primarily by deviations in two localized energy regions. The measured ^{235}U spectrum shape is consistent with a deviation relative to prediction equal in size to that observed at low-enriched uranium power reactors in the ν[over ¯]_{e} energy region of 5-7 MeV.

Published
2019

12. Performance of a segmented $^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator detector for the PROSPECT experiment

Author

Dmitry A. Pushin, M. A. Tyra, C. E. Lane, J. P. Brodsky, R. Rosero, Minfang Yeh, Denis E. Bergeron, T. J. Langford, Chao Zhang, M. P. Mendenhall, R. D. McKeown, A. B. Hansell, H. R. Band, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, J. Ashenfelter, D. Norcini, J. J. Cherwinka, T. Wise, D. Berish, K. Gilje, Hans P. Mumm, J. Wilhelmi, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, P. E. Mueller, M. V. Diwan, B. T. Foust, R. Neilson, D. Davee, Nathaniel Bowden, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, F. Lopez, B. Hackett, K. M. Heeger, Y-R Yen, Ke Han, Jim Napolitano, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, A. Bykadorova Telles, J. T. Matta, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, A. B. Balantekin, E. Romero-Romero, O. Kyzylova, S. Hans, P. T. Surukuchi, X. Zhang, K. Commeford, G. Deichert, D. E. Jaffe, Aiwu Zhang, J. A. Nikkel, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, J. M. Wagner, A. J. Conant, J. K. Gaison, B. Heffron, Xin Qian, C. Trinh, J. LaRosa, C. D. Bryan, and J. M. Minock

Subjects
Scintillation, Materials science, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Attenuation length, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Neutron capture, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, Recoil, Neutrino detector, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron detection, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

This paper describes the design and performance of a 50 liter, two-segment $^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator detector that was designed and operated as prototype for the PROSPECT (Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum) Experiment. The two-segment detector was constructed according to the design specifications of the experiment. It features low-mass optical separators, an integrated source and optical calibration system, and materials that are compatible with the $^{6}$Li-doped scintillator developed by PROSPECT. We demonstrate a high light collection of 850$\pm$20 PE/MeV, an energy resolution of $\sigma$ = 4.0$\pm$0.2% at 1 MeV, and efficient pulse-shape discrimination of low $dE/dx$ (electronic recoil) and high $dE/dx$ (nuclear recoil) energy depositions. An effective scintillation attenuation length of 85$\pm$3 cm is measured in each segment. The 0.1% by mass concentration of $^{6}$Li in the scintillator results in a measured neutron capture time of $\tau$ = 42.8$\pm$0.2 $\mu s$. The long-term stability of the scintillator is also discussed. The detector response meets the criteria necessary for achieving the PROSPECT physics goals and demonstrates features that may find application in fast neutron detection., Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures; minor edits to design detail and references

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. First search for short-baseline neutrino oscillations at HFIR with PROSPECT

Author

R. Neilson, Lindsey J. Bignell, D. E. Jaffe, J. A. Nikkel, J. J. Cherwinka, K. Gilje, C. E. Gilbert, D. Davee, R. L. Varner, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, Minfang Yeh, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, K. Koehler, C. D. Bryan, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, B. Heffron, H. R. Band, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, A. B. Hansell, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, D. Norcini, A. Bykadorova Telles, R. Sharma, J. LaRosa, J. M. Wagner, C. E. Lane, B. T. Foust, C. Baldenegro, Xin Lu, G. Deichert, P. T. Surukuchi, D. J. Dean, H. Yao, Dusan Sarenac, Michael Febbraro, Ke Han, J. P. Brodsky, R. Rosero, J. Wilhelmi, Andrew A. Cox, M. V. Diwan, Jim Napolitano, Denis E. Bergeron, B. Viren, B. R. White, Aiwu Zhang, Hans P. Mumm, J. Bricco, R. D. McKeown, Chao Zhang, K. Commeford, M. P. Mendenhall, Christopher G. White, Wei Wang, J. T. Matta, T. Classen, F. Lopez, K. M. Heeger, X. Zhang, H. J. Miller, T. J. Langford, J. Ashenfelter, X. Ji, Nathaniel Bowden, S. Hans, B. Seilhan, Dmitry A. Pushin, Xin Qian, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, T. Wise, D. Berish, M. A. Tyra, P. E. Mueller, Y-R Yen, A. Glenn, B. T. Hackett, J. K. Gaison, M. Zhao, E. Romero-Romero, A. J. Conant, J. M. Minock, B. W. Goddard, and C. Trinh

Subjects
Physics, Fission products, Sterile neutrino, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fission, Oscillation, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics::Geophysics, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Inverse beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Physics::Chemical Physics, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, High Flux Isotope Reactor
Abstract

This Letter reports the first scientific results from the observation of antineutrinos emitted by fission products of $^{235}$U at the High Flux Isotope Reactor. PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment, consists of a segmented 4 ton $^6$Li-doped liquid scintillator detector covering a baseline range of 7-9 m from the reactor and operating under less than 1 meter water equivalent overburden. Data collected during 33 live-days of reactor operation at a nominal power of 85 MW yields a detection of 25461 $\pm$ 283 (stat.) inverse beta decays. Observation of reactor antineutrinos can be achieved in PROSPECT at 5$\sigma$ statistical significance within two hours of on-surface reactor-on data-taking. A reactor-model independent analysis of the inverse beta decay prompt energy spectrum as a function of baseline constrains significant portions of the previously allowed sterile neutrino oscillation parameter space at 95% confidence level and disfavors the best fit of the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly at 2.2$\sigma$ confidence level., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures; v3: Added additional supplemental files

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. The PROSPECT Reactor Antineutrino Experiment

Author

J. J. Cherwinka, Aiwu Zhang, K. Gilje, G. Deichert, C. Baldenegro, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, R. Sharma, P. T. Surukuchi, Wei Wang, E. Romero-Romero, D. Norcini, R. L. Varner, K. Commeford, B. Hackett, C. E. Lane, M. Zhao, Minfang Yeh, H. R. Band, A. B. Hansell, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, A. J. Conant, X. Lu, M. V. Diwan, J. M. Minock, B. T. Foust, J. Boyle, Christopher G. White, S. Nour, T. Classen, Anna Erickson, R. Rosero, B. W. Goddard, J. T. Matta, J. K. Gaison, C.E. Gilbert, H. J. Miller, A. Bykadorova Telles, T. Wise, T. J. Langford, D. Berish, Y-R Yen, Denis E. Bergeron, R. Neilson, D. J. Dean, A. Glenn, Michael Febbraro, J. Ashenfelter, R. D. McKeown, B. Viren, Lindsey J. Bignell, Jim Napolitano, J. Bricco, J. P. Brodsky, P. E. Mueller, D. E. Jaffe, M. A. Tyra, X. Ji, Nathaniel Bowden, X. Zhang, J. A. Nikkel, Ke Han, Chao Zhang, H. Yao, C. Trinh, M. P. Mendenhall, C. D. Bryan, K. Koehler, Hans P. Mumm, F. Lopez, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, K. M. Heeger, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, Andrew A. Cox, B. R. White, D. Davee, Dusan Sarenac, J. LaRosa, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, B. Heffron, J. M. Wagner, Xin Qian, J. Wilhelmi, B. Seilhan, Dmitry A. Pushin, and S. Hans

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sterile neutrino, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Parameter space, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Physics::Geophysics, Nuclear physics, Inverse beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation, High Flux Isotope Reactor
Abstract

The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment, PROSPECT, is designed to make both a precise measurement of the antineutrino spectrum from a highly-enriched uranium reactor and to probe eV-scale sterile neutrinos by searching for neutrino oscillations over meter-long baselines. PROSPECT utilizes a segmented $^6$Li-doped liquid scintillator detector for both efficient detection of reactor antineutrinos through the inverse beta decay reaction and excellent background discrimination. PROSPECT is a movable 4-ton antineutrino detector covering distances of 7m to 13m from the High Flux Isotope Reactor core. It will probe the best-fit point of the $\bar\nu_e$ disappearance experiments at 4$\sigma$ in 1 year and the favored regions of the sterile neutrino parameter space at more than 3$\sigma$ in 3 years. PROSPECT will test the origin of spectral deviations observed in recent $\theta_{13}$ experiments, search for sterile neutrinos, and address the hypothesis of sterile neutrinos as an explanation of the reactor anomaly. This paper describes the design, construction, and commissioning of PROSPECT and reports first data characterizing the performance of the PROSPECT antineutrino detector., Comment: 30 pages, 33 figures; updated with journal revision and reference

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Identification of Radiopure Titanium for the LZ Dark Matter Experiment and Future Rare Event Searches

Author

A.V. Khromov, P. Sorensen, D. Woodward, Duncan Carlsmith, M. Arthurs, J.S. Saba, Henrique Araujo, Yue Meng, M. G. D. Gilchriese, M. Horn, W. Skulski, S. A. Hertel, E. Druszkiewicz, E. H. Miller, D. White, C. Carels, K. Stifter, A. Manalaysay, L. Tvrznikova, M. S. Witherell, M. C. Carmona-Benitez, P. Rossiter, Laura Manenti, J. Va’vra, A. St. J. Murphy, B. Holbrook, C. R. Hall, B. Gomber, R. Coughlen, C. Levy, V.V. Sosnovtsev, Adam Bernstein, K. Kamdin, Ethan Bernard, T. J. R. Davison, J. J. Cherwinka, S. Hans, A. Currie, P.R. Scovell, P. Beltrame, E. Mizrachi, S. Fiorucci, K. J. Palladino, V. M. Gehman, Ben Carlson, T. J. Whitis, H. Kraus, R. W. Schnee, R. Bramante, M. Hoff, M.I. Lopes, I. J. Arnquist, J. Mock, W. R. Edwards, Carl W. Akerlof, D. J. Markley, J. Thomson, J. Yin, I. Olcina, F.L.H. Wolfs, K. Pushkin, S. J. Haselschwardt, H. J. Krebs, C. Chiller, S. Alsum, S. Shaw, M. G. D. van der Grinten, E. K. Pease, B. Lopez Paredes, S. Luitz, P. Brás, K. E. Boast, C. Silva, Elena Korolkova, A. Khazov, Andreas Piepke, T.J. Martin, W. L. Waldron, D. Q. Huang, A. Lindote, J. Belle, R.M. Gerhard, W.W. Craddock, T.W. Hurteau, K.J. Thomas, P. A. Terman, V. N. Solovov, D. Yu. Akimov, C. H. Faham, K. C. Oliver-Mallory, T.M. Stiegler, J. O'Dell, A. Cottle, B. Boxer, A. Konovalov, M. E. Monzani, W. C. Taylor, L. Reichhart, M.J. Barry, Juhyeong Lee, T. K. Edberg, C. Chan, I. Stancu, M. Timalsina, Wenzhao Wei, Michael Schubnell, D. Temples, D. J. Taylor, M. Solmaz, C. Ghag, R. M. Preece, S. Balashov, N.J. Gantos, R. G. Jacobsen, P. Majewski, M. Sarychev, R. Wang, J. Balajthy, K. Hanzel, H. S. Lee, Steven Worm, J. H. Buckley, A. J. Bailey, A. C. Kaboth, Matthew Szydagis, M. Koyuncu, J.R. Verbus, R. Bunker, W. H. Lippincott, Daniel McKinsey, T. Benson, A. V. Kumpan, Eric W. Hoppe, Antonin Vacheret, C. Hjemfelt, M.R. Stark, X. Bai, Minfang Yeh, B. N. Ratcliff, R. L. Mannino, T. Fruth, W. Ji, Seth Hillbrand, M. A. Olevitch, A. Richards, Jilei Xu, D. Khaitan, J. Lin, K. O’Sullivan, C. Nehrkorn, W. H. To, J. Reichenbacher, A. A. Chiller, J. A. Nikkel, W.T. Emmet, D. S. Akerib, R. Linehan, R. Watson, Mani Tripathi, David Leonard, Richard Rosero, J.P. Rodrigues, J. Busenitz, K. T. Lesko, C. Lee, C. Rhyne, R. J. Gaitskell, Kareem Kazkaz, Carl Vuosalo, T. P. Biesiadzinski, R. C. Webb, C. E. Dahl, T. J. Sumner, S. Kyre, F. Neves, R. Leonard, Wolfgang Lorenzon, H. J. Rose, S. Stephenson, Chao Zhang, W. J. Wisniewski, J.Y-K. Hor, Alexander Bolozdynya, V. Bugaev, Dongming Mei, F.-T. Liao, T. E. Tope, M. R. While, A. Dobi, H. N. Nelson, V. A. Kudryavtsev, S. Powell, D. R. Tiedt, B. J. Mount, T. A. Shutt, J. A. Morad, E. Holtom, J. E. Y. Dobson, C. M. Ignarra, C. T. McConnell, K. Skarpaas, M. F. Marzioni, A. Tomás, Sergey Burdin, X. Liu, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
Cryostat, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, ZEPLIN-III, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Cryogenics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Physics, Particles & Fields, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Xenon, 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle And Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, physics.ins-det, Physics, Science & Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, Detector, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Physical Sciences, Event (particle physics), Titanium, GERDA
Abstract

The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a detector containing a total of 10 tonnes of liquid xenon within a double-vessel cryostat. The large mass and proximity of the cryostat to the active detector volume demand the use of material with extremely low intrinsic radioactivity. We report on the radioassay campaign conducted to identify suitable metals, the determination of factors limiting radiopure production, and the selection of titanium for construction of the LZ cryostat and other detector components. This titanium has been measured with activities of $^{238}$U$_{e}$~$, Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. A low mass optical grid for the PROSPECT reactor antineutrino detector

Author

M. V. Diwan, J. J. Cherwinka, Hans P. Mumm, K. Gilje, D. Norcini, Michael Febbraro, B. Viren, J. T. Matta, D. E. Jaffe, K. M. Heeger, Y-R Yen, J. A. Nikkel, A. B. Hansell, K. H. Hermanek, X. Lu, T. J. Langford, D. Davee, J. Wilhelmi, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, A.E. Detweiler, J. Ashenfelter, Dmitry A. Pushin, A. J. Conant, A. B. Balantekin, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, O. Kyzylova, H. R. Band, E. Romero-Romero, C. D. Bass, B. T. Foust, M. J. Dolinski, Nathaniel Bowden, C.E. Gilbert, Minfang Yeh, P. E. Mueller, M. A. Tyra, D. J. Dean, C. E. Lane, R. Rosero, J. M. Minock, Xin Qian, Denis E. Bergeron, G. Deichert, R. L. Varner, R. D. McKeown, J. P. Brodsky, Chao Zhang, M. P. Mendenhall, S. Hans, R. Neilson, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, J. LaRosa, T. Wise, D. Berish, Y. Gebre, Jim Napolitano, Aiwu Zhang, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, P. T. Surukuchi, X. Zhang, B. Hackett, Dusan Sarenac, Ian Gustafson, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, J. K. Gaison, and C. D. Bryan

Subjects
Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Optics, business.industry, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), business, Low Mass, Grid, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and SPECTrum experiment, is a short-baseline reactor antineutrino experiment designed to provide precision measurements of the $^{235}$U product $\overline{\nu}_e$ spectrum of utilizing an optically segmented 4-ton liquid scintillator detector. PROSPECT's segmentation system, the optical grid, plays a central role in reconstructing the position and energy of $\overline{\nu}_e$ interactions in the detector. This paper is the technical reference for this PROSPECT subsystem, describing its design, fabrication, quality assurance, transportation and assembly in detail. In addition, the dimensional, optical and mechanical characterizations of optical grid components and the assembled PROSPECT target are also presented. The technical information and characterizations detailed here will inform geometry-related inputs for PROSPECT physics analysis, and can guide a variety of future particle detection development efforts, such as those using optically reflecting materials or filament-based 3D printing., Comment: 31 pages, 28 figures

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Lithium-loaded liquid scintillator production for the PROSPECT experiment

Author

R. L. Varner, X. Lu, M. V. Diwan, P. E. Mueller, B. Hackett, J. LaRosa, R. Neilson, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, A. J. Conant, A. B. Hansell, D. Davee, Aiwu Zhang, Lindsey J. Bignell, J. T. Matta, X. Zhang, J. J. Cherwinka, B. T. Foust, D. E. Jaffe, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, P. T. Surukuchi, Y-R Yen, G. Deichert, J. A. Nikkel, Dmitry A. Pushin, J. Wilhelmi, C. Camilo Reyes, T. J. Langford, Christopher G. White, C. D. Bryan, T. Classen, J. Ashenfelter, H. R. Band, Michael Febbraro, S. Campos, B. Hayes, J. K. Gaison, B. Viren, Nathaniel Bowden, M. A. Tyra, Dusan Sarenac, R. Diaz Perez, Xin Qian, C.E. Gilbert, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, T. Wise, D. Berish, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, S. Hans, J. P. Brodsky, R. Rosero, Denis E. Bergeron, R. D. McKeown, E. Romero-Romero, Minfang Yeh, D. Norcini, Hans P. Mumm, D. J. Dean, K. M. Heeger, Jim Napolitano, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, C. E. Lane, Chao Zhang, and M. P. Mendenhall

Subjects
Optical absorbance, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Materials science, Fabrication, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Analytical chemistry, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Photon yield, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, Yield (chemistry), 0103 physical sciences, Lithium, Instrumentation, Mass fraction, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

This work reports the production and characterization of lithium-loaded liquid scintillator (LiLS) for the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT). Fifty-nine 90 liter batches of LiLS (${}^6{\rm Li}$ mass fraction 0.082%$\pm$0.001%) were produced and samples from all batches were characterized by measuring their optical absorbance relative to air, light yield relative to a pure liquid scintillator reference, and pulse shape discrimination capability. Fifty-seven batches passed the quality assurance criteria and were used for the PROSPECT experiment., 16 pages, 15 figures

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Visualization study of counterflow in superfluid 4He using metastable helium molecules

Author

W, Guo, S B, Cahn, J A, Nikkel, W F, Vinen, and D N, McKinsey

Abstract

Heat is transferred in superfluid 4He via a process known as thermal counterflow. It has been known for many years that above a critical heat current the superfluid component in this counterflow becomes turbulent. It has been suspected that the normal-fluid component may become turbulent as well, but experimental verification is difficult without a technique for visualizing the flow. Here we report a series of visualization studies on the normal-fluid component in a thermal counterflow performed by imaging the motion of seeded metastable helium molecules using a laser-induced-fluorescence technique. We present evidence that the flow of the normal fluid is indeed turbulent at relatively large velocities. Thermal counterflow in which both components are turbulent presents us with a theoretically challenging type of turbulent behavior that is new to physics.

Published
2010

19. Project 8 Phase III Design Concept.

Author

A Ashtari Esfahani, S Böser, C Claessens, L de Viveiros, P J Doe, S Doeleman, M Fertl, E C Finn, J A Formaggio, M Guigue, K M Heeger, A M Jones, K Kazkaz, B H LaRoque, E Machado, B Monreal, J A Nikkel, N S Oblath, R G H Robertson, and L J Rosenberg

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Deep learning based event reconstruction for cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy

Author

A Ashtari Esfahani, S Böser, N Buzinsky, M C Carmona-Benitez, R Cervantes, C Claessens, L de Viveiros, M Fertl, J A Formaggio, J K Gaison, L Gladstone, M Grando, M Guigue, J Hartse, K M Heeger, X Huyan, A M Jones, K Kazkaz, M Li, A Lindman, A Marsteller, C Matthé, R Mohiuddin, B Monreal, E C Morrison, R Mueller, J A Nikkel, E Novitski, N S Oblath, J I Peña, W Pettus, R Reimann, R G H Robertson, L Saldaña, M Schram, P L Slocum, J Stachurska, Y-H Sun, P T Surukuchi, A B Telles, F Thomas, M Thomas, L A Thorne, T Thümmler, L Tvrznikova, W Van De Pontseele, B A VanDevender, T E Weiss, T Wendler, E Zayas, and A Ziegler

Subjects
neutrino mass, cyclotron radiation, Project 8, machine learning, deep learning, convolutional neural network, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

The objective of the cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES) technology is to build precise particle energy spectra. This is achieved by identifying the start frequencies of charged particle trajectories which, when exposed to an external magnetic field, leave semi-linear profiles (called tracks) in the time–frequency plane. Due to the need for excellent instrumental energy resolution in application, highly efficient and accurate track reconstruction methods are desired. Deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs) - particularly suited to deal with information-sparse data and which offer precise foreground localization—may be utilized to extract track properties from measured CRES signals (called events) with relative computational ease. In this work, we develop a novel machine learning based model which operates a CNN and a support vector machine in tandem to perform this reconstruction. A primary application of our method is shown on simulated CRES signals which mimic those of the Project 8 experiment—a novel effort to extract the unknown absolute neutrino mass value from a precise measurement of tritium β ^− -decay energy spectrum. When compared to a point-clustering based technique used as a baseline, we show a relative gain of 24.1% in event reconstruction efficiency and comparable performance in accuracy of track parameter reconstruction.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Viterbi decoding of CRES signals in Project 8

Author

A Ashtari Esfahani, Z Bogorad, S Böser, N Buzinsky, C Claessens, L de Viveiros, M Fertl, J A Formaggio, L Gladstone, M Grando, M Guigue, J Hartse, K M Heeger, X Huyan, J Johnston, A M Jones, K Kazkaz, B H LaRoque, M Li, A Lindman, C Matthé, R Mohiuddin, B Monreal, J A Nikkel, E Novitski, N S Oblath, J I Peña, W Pettus, R Reimann, R G H Robertson, G Rybka, L Saldaña, M Schram, P L Slocum, J Stachurska, Y-H Sun, P T Surukuchi, A B Telles, F Thomas, M Thomas, T Thümmler, L Tvrznikova, W Van De Pontseele, B A VanDevender, T E Weiss, T Wendler, E Zayas, and A Ziegler

Subjects
Viterbi algorithm, neutrino mass, hidden Markov model, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES) is a modern approach for determining charged particle energies via high-precision frequency measurements of the emitted cyclotron radiation. For CRES experiments with gas within the fiducial volume, signal and noise dynamics can be modelled by a hidden Markov model. We introduce a novel application of the Viterbi algorithm in order to derive informational limits on the optimal detection of cyclotron radiation signals in this class of gas-filled CRES experiments, thereby providing concrete limits from which future reconstruction algorithms, as well as detector designs, can be constrained. The validity of the resultant decision rules is confirmed using both Monte Carlo and Project 8 data.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy signal classification with machine learning in project 8

Author

A Ashtari Esfahani, S Böser, N Buzinsky, R Cervantes, C Claessens, L de Viveiros, M Fertl, J A Formaggio, L Gladstone, M Guigue, K M Heeger, J Johnston, A M Jones, K Kazkaz, B H LaRoque, A Lindman, E Machado, B Monreal, E C Morrison, J A Nikkel, E Novitski, N S Oblath, W Pettus, R G H Robertson, G Rybka, L Saldaña, V Sibille, M Schram, P L Slocum, Y-H Sun, T Thümmler, B A VanDevender, T E Weiss, T Wendler, and E Zayas

Subjects
neutrino mass, cyclotron radiation, machine learning, support vector machine, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES) technique pioneered by Project 8 measures electromagnetic radiation from individual electrons gyrating in a background magnetic field to construct a highly precise energy spectrum for beta decay studies and other applications. The detector, magnetic trap geometry and electron dynamics give rise to a multitude of complex electron signal structures which carry information about distinguishing physical traits. With machine learning models, we develop a scheme based on these traits to analyze and classify CRES signals. Proper understanding and use of these traits will be instrumental to improve cyclotron frequency reconstruction and boost the potential of Project 8 to achieve world-leading sensitivity on the tritium endpoint measurement in the future.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Locust: C++ software for simulation of RF detection

Author

A Ashtari Esfahani, S Böser, N Buzinsky, R Cervantes, C Claessens, L de Viveiros, M Fertl, J A Formaggio, L Gladstone, M Guigue, K M Heeger, J Johnston, A M Jones, K Kazkaz, B H LaRoque, A Lindman, E Machado, B Monreal, E C Morrison, J A Nikkel, E Novitski, N S Oblath, W Pettus, R G H Robertson, G Rybka, L Saldaña, V Sibille, M Schram, P L Slocum, Y-H Sun, J R Tedeschi, T Thümmler, B A VanDevender, M Wachtendonk, M Walter, T E Weiss, T Wendler, and E Zayas

Subjects
RF, radiation detection, simulation, antenna, C++, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The Locust simulation package is a new C++ software tool developed to simulate the measurement of time-varying electromagnetic fields using RF detection techniques. Modularity and flexibility allow for arbitrary input signals, while concurrently supporting tight integration with physics-based simulations as input. External signals driven by the Kassiopeia particle tracking package are discussed, demonstrating conditional feedback between Locust and Kassiopeia during software execution. An application of the simulation to the Project 8 experiment is described. Locust is publicly available at https://github.com/project8/locust_mc .

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results