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1. Five simultaneous artificial intelligence data challenges on ultrasound, CT, and MRI

Author

B. Bresson, N. Poussange, M. Majer, Marc Zins, D. Guenoun, Olivier Hauger, S. Si-Mohamed, D. Istrati, Théo Estienne, M. Azoulay, S. Molière, Nathalie Lassau, E. Jehanno, C. Balleyguier, Caroline Caramella, A. Bergère, M. Boisserie, J. Behr, F. Dubrulle, J.-F. Meder, François Cornelis, E. Poncelet, A. Paisant, Raphaëlle Renard-Penna, N. Peyron Faure, H. Cauliez, Caroline Malhaire, T. Caramella, A. Perrey, P. de Vomecourt, François Bidault, C. Bordonne, S. Montagne, Alain Luciani, S. Caius Giurca, G. Garcia, M. Faivre-Pierre, Nicolas Amoretti, F. Desmots, Anne Cotten, M. Abitbol, V. Herreros, Aurélie Jalaguier-Coudray, Olivier Rouvière, J.-F. Budzik, J. Cagnol, Laure Fournier, Valérie Juhan, M. Faruch, C. Cyteval, T. Jacques, J. Bocquet, R. Lotte, T. Willaume, J.-L. Drape, S. Brunelle, A. Blum, M. Garetier, L. Di Marco, F. Pigneur, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Imagerie multimodale en cancérologie. (IR4M/U8081 éq.3), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités (IR4M), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique (RaMo-IT), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Direction de la Transformation Numérique et des Systèmes d’Information, Mathématiques et Informatique pour la Complexité et les Systèmes (MICS), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay, Comité de Cancérologie (CCAFU), Association Française d'Urologie, Département de radiothérapie [Gustave Roussy], Service de Radiologie et Imagerie Musculosquelettique, Centre de Consultations et d’Imagerie de l’Appareil Locomoteur, Service de Radiologie (LILLE - Radio), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de radiologie [CHRU Besancon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Clinique du sport de Bordeaux-Mérignac, Clinique Saint-Jean - Toulon, Polytech'Paris - Sorbonne Université, Sorbonne Université (SU), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), inconnu temporaire UPEMLV, Inconnu, Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale [Rennes] = Radiology [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Application des ultrasons à la thérapie (LabTAU), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de résonance magnétique des systèmes biologiques (CRMSB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Clermont Tonnerre, Service de Santé des Armées, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Department of Radiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université de Lyon, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Service Imagerie de la femme, CH de Valenciennes, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris], Centre Hospitalier de Lens, Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER, Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Clinique du Val d'Ouest, Centre d’ Imagerie du Chinonais, Hôpital Européen [Fondation Ambroise Paré - Marseille], Institut du Sein, Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Pathologie Infectieuse et Tropicale [HIA Laveran, Marseille], Hôpital d'instruction des armées Laveran, Clinique du Pont Saint-Vaast, Douai, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche Thérapeutique en Ophtalmologie (CERTO), Association RETINA France, Partenaires INRAE-Partenaires INRAE, Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Département de Radiologie, Armentières (59), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier Saint-Joseph [Paris], Service de neuroradiologie [Paris], Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Marrow Adiposity & Bone Lab - Adiposité Médullaire et Os - ULR 4490 (MABLab (ex-pmoi)), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Radiologie Viscèrale, CHRU de Jean-Minjoz, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Résonance magnétique des systèmes biologiques (RMSB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Groupe hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph - Hôpital, Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités (IR4M), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
Kidney Cortex, [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], Interprofessional Relations, education, Meniscal tears, Datasets as Topic, Computed tomography, Breast Neoplasms, Artificial intelligence (AI), 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0302 clinical medicine, Multidisciplinary approach, Artificial Intelligence, Ultrasound, Medicine, Data Protection Act 1998, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Thyroid Neoplasms, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Computer Security, Ultrasonography, Modalities, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Communication, Liver Neoplasms, Computed Tomography (CT), Deep learning, General Medicine, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Tibial Meniscus Injuries, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, General Data Protection Regulation, Thyroid Cartilage, Artificial intelligence, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

Summary Purpose The goal of this data challenge was to create a structured dynamic with the following objectives: (1) teach radiologists the new rules of General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), while building a large multicentric prospective database of ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and MRI patient images; (2) build a network including radiologists, researchers, start-ups, large companies, and students from engineering schools, and; (3) provide all French stakeholders working together during 5 data challenges with a secured framework, offering a realistic picture of the benefits and concerns in October 2018. Materials and methods Relevant clinical questions were chosen by the Societe Francaise de Radiologie. The challenge was designed to respect all French ethical and data protection constraints. Multidisciplinary teams with at least one radiologist, one engineering student, and a company and/or research lab were gathered using different networks, and clinical databases were created accordingly. Results Five challenges were launched: detection of meniscal tears on MRI, segmentation of renal cortex on CT, detection and characterization of liver lesions on ultrasound, detection of breast lesions on MRI, and characterization of thyroid cartilage lesions on CT. A total of 5,170 images within 4 months were provided for the challenge by 46 radiology services. Twenty-six multidisciplinary teams with 181 contestants worked for one month on the challenges. Three challenges, meniscal tears, renal cortex, and liver lesions, resulted in an accuracy > 90%. The fourth challenge (breast) reached 82% and the lastone (thyroid) 70%. Conclusion Theses five challenges were able to gather a large community of radiologists, engineers, researchers, and companies in a very short period of time. The accurate results of three of the five modalities suggest that artificial intelligence is a promising tool in these radiology modalities.

Published
2019

2. Second-Order Shape Derivative for Hyperbolic PDEs

Author

J. Cagnol and J.-P. Zolésio

Subjects
Pure mathematics, symbols.namesake, Dirichlet boundary condition, symbols, Order (group theory), Derivative, Differentiable function, Wave equation, Domain (mathematical analysis), Mathematics
Abstract

In this paper we study the second-order shape derivative for the solution to the wave equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We first prove the shape derivative exists for this problem. Specific complications arise when differentiating with respect to the domain hyperbolic PDEs; this requires an exclusive approach using the hidden regularity described in [7]. This study has been started in [1] and announced in [2]. We present here a new result where the data are no longer defined on the whole D and then restricted to the subsets of D but rather defined differently on each domain of D. Moreover, the differentiability is improved under stronger regularity of those functions. The Dirichlet boundary condition is now nonhomogeneous which was also necessary to consider the second-order shape derivative.

Published
2018

4. Factorization by invariant embedding of elliptic problems in a circular domain

Author

Jacques Henry, Bento Louro, Maria do Céu Soares, J. Cagnol, J.P. Zolesio, Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tools of automatic control for scientific computing, Models and Methods in Biomathematics (ANUBIS), INRIA Futurs, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, IFIP, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)

Subjects
010102 general mathematics, Mathematical analysis, Euler's factorization method, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Domain (mathematical analysis), Elliptic boundary value problem, 010101 applied mathematics, Singularity, Factorization, Riccati equation, Initial value problem, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], 0101 mathematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics
Abstract

We present a method to factorize a second order elliptic boundary value problem in a circular domain, in a system of uncoupled first order initial value problems. We use a space invariant embedding technique along the radius of the circle, in both an increasing and a decreasing way. This technique is inspired in the temporal invariant embedding used by J.-L. Lions for the control of parabolic systems. The singularity at the origin for the initial value problems is studied.

Published
2005

5. Five simultaneous artificial intelligence data challenges on ultrasound, CT, and MRI.

Author

Lassau N, Estienne T, de Vomecourt P, Azoulay M, Cagnol J, Garcia G, Majer M, Jehanno E, Renard-Penna R, Balleyguier C, Bidault F, Caramella C, Jacques T, Dubrulle F, Behr J, Poussange N, Bocquet J, Montagne S, Cornelis F, Faruch M, Bresson B, Brunelle S, Jalaguier-Coudray A, Amoretti N, Blum A, Paisant A, Herreros V, Rouviere O, Si-Mohamed S, Di Marco L, Hauger O, Garetier M, Pigneur F, Bergère A, Cyteval C, Fournier L, Malhaire C, Drape JL, Poncelet E, Bordonne C, Cauliez H, Budzik JF, Boisserie M, Willaume T, Molière S, Peyron Faure N, Caius Giurca S, Juhan V, Caramella T, Perrey A, Desmots F, Faivre-Pierre M, Abitbol M, Lotte R, Istrati D, Guenoun D, Luciani A, Zins M, Meder JF, and Cotten A

Subjects
Breast Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Communication, Computer Security, Humans, Interprofessional Relations, Kidney Cortex diagnostic imaging, Liver Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neoplasm Invasiveness diagnostic imaging, Thyroid Cartilage diagnostic imaging, Thyroid Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Thyroid Neoplasms pathology, Tibial Meniscus Injuries diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ultrasonography, Artificial Intelligence, Datasets as Topic
Abstract

Purpose: The goal of this data challenge was to create a structured dynamic with the following objectives: (1) teach radiologists the new rules of General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), while building a large multicentric prospective database of ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and MRI patient images; (2) build a network including radiologists, researchers, start-ups, large companies, and students from engineering schools, and; (3) provide all French stakeholders working together during 5 data challenges with a secured framework, offering a realistic picture of the benefits and concerns in October 2018., Materials and Methods: Relevant clinical questions were chosen by the Société Francaise de Radiologie. The challenge was designed to respect all French ethical and data protection constraints. Multidisciplinary teams with at least one radiologist, one engineering student, and a company and/or research lab were gathered using different networks, and clinical databases were created accordingly., Results: Five challenges were launched: detection of meniscal tears on MRI, segmentation of renal cortex on CT, detection and characterization of liver lesions on ultrasound, detection of breast lesions on MRI, and characterization of thyroid cartilage lesions on CT. A total of 5,170 images within 4 months were provided for the challenge by 46 radiology services. Twenty-six multidisciplinary teams with 181 contestants worked for one month on the challenges. Three challenges, meniscal tears, renal cortex, and liver lesions, resulted in an accuracy>90%. The fourth challenge (breast) reached 82% and the lastone (thyroid) 70%., Conclusion: Theses five challenges were able to gather a large community of radiologists, engineers, researchers, and companies in a very short period of time. The accurate results of three of the five modalities suggest that artificial intelligence is a promising tool in these radiology modalities., (Copyright © 2019 Soci showét showé françaises de radiologie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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