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1. Measurement of energy resolution with the NEXT-White silicon photomultipliers

Author

The NEXT collaboration, T. Contreras, B. Palmeiro, H. Almazán, A. Para, G. Martínez-Lema, R. Guenette, C. Adams, V. Álvarez, B. Aparicio, A. I. Aranburu, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, F. Auria-Luna, S. Ayet, C. D. R. Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, M. del Barrio-Torregrosa, A. Bayo, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, A. Brodolin, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, A. Castillo, S. Cebrián, E. Church, L. Cid, C. A. N. Conde, F. P. Cossío, E. Dey, G. Díaz, T. Dickel, C. Echevarria, M. Elorza, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, L. M. P. Fernandes, P. Ferrario, A. L. Ferreira, F. W. Foss, Z. Freixa, J. García-Barrena, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, R. González, J. W. R. Grocott, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, J. A. Hernando Morata, P. Herrero-Gómez, V. Herrero, C. Hervés Carrete, Y. Ifergan, B. J. P. Jones, F. Kellerer, L. Larizgoitia, A. Larumbe, P. Lebrun, F. Lopez, N. López-March, R. Madigan, R. D. P. Mano, A. P. Marques, J. Martín-Albo, M. Martínez-Vara, R. L. Miller, K. Mistry, J. Molina-Canteras, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, K. E. Navarro, P. Novella, A. Nuñez, D. R. Nygren, E. Oblak, J. Palacio, I. Parmaksiz, A. Pazos, J. Pelegrin, M. Pérez Maneiro, M. Querol, A. B. Redwine, J. Renner, I. Rivilla, C. Rogero, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, M. Seemann, I. Shomroni, P. A. O. C. Silva, A. Simón, S. R. Soleti, M. Sorel, J. Soto-Oton, J. M. R. Teixeira, S. Teruel-Pardo, J. F. Toledo, C. Tonnelé, J. Torrent, A. Trettin, A. Usón, P. R. G. Valle, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. Waiton, and A. Yubero-Navarro

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The NEXT-White detector, a high-pressure gaseous xenon time projection chamber, demonstrated the excellence of this technology for future neutrinoless double beta decay searches using photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) to measure energy and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to extract topology information. This analysis uses 83m Kr data from the NEXT-White detector to measure and understand the energy resolution that can be obtained with the SiPMs, rather than with PMTs. The energy resolution obtained of (10.9 ± 0.6)%, full-width half-maximum, is slightly larger than predicted based on the photon statistics resulting from very low light detection coverage of the SiPM plane in the NEXT-White detector. The difference in the predicted and measured resolution is attributed to poor corrections, which are expected to be improved with larger statistics. Furthermore, the noise of the SiPMs is shown to not be a dominant factor in the energy resolution and may be negligible when noise subtraction is applied appropriately, for high-energy events or larger SiPM coverage detectors. These results, which are extrapolated to estimate the response of large coverage SiPM planes, are promising for the development of future, SiPM-only, readout planes that can offer imaging and achieve similar energy resolution to that previously demonstrated with PMTs.

Published
2024
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2. Demonstration of event position reconstruction based on diffusion in the NEXT-white detector

Author

J. Haefner, K. E. Navarro, R. Guenette, B. J. P. Jones, A. Tripathi, C. Adams, H. Almazán, V. Álvarez, B. Aparicio, A. I. Aranburu, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, F. Auria-Luna, S. Ayet, C. D. R. Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, M. del Barrio-Torregrosa, A. Bayo, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, A. Brodolin, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrián, E. Church, L. Cid, C. A. N. Conde, T. Contreras, F. P. Cossío, E. Dey, G. Díaz, T. Dickel, M. Elorza, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, L. M. P. Fernandes, P. Ferrario, A. L. Ferreira, F. W. Foss, E. D. C. Freitas, Z. Freixa, J. Generowicz, A. Goldschmidt, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, R. González, J. Grocott, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, J. A. Hernando Morata, P. Herrero-Gómez, V. Herrero, C. Hervés Carrete, Y. Ifergan, L. Labarga, L. Larizgoitia, A. Larumbe, P. Lebrun, F. Lopez, N. López-March, R. Madigan, R. D. P. Mano, A. P. Marques, J. Martín-Albo, G. Martínez-Lema, M. Martínez-Vara, Z. E. Meziani, R. L. Miller, K. Mistry, J. Molina-Canteras, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, P. Novella, A. Nuñez, D. R. Nygren, E. Oblak, J. Palacio, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, I. Parmaksiz, J. Pelegrin, M. Pérez Maneiro, M. Querol, A. B. Redwine, J. Renner, I. Rivilla, J. Rodríguez, C. Rogero, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, I. Shomroni, A. Simón, S. R. Soleti, M. Sorel, J. Soto-Oton, J. M. R. Teixeira, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, A. Trettin, A. Usón, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. Waiton, and J. T. White

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Noble element time projection chambers are a leading technology for rare event detection in physics, such as for dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay searches. Time projection chambers typically assign event position in the drift direction using the relative timing of prompt scintillation and delayed charge collection signals, allowing for reconstruction of an absolute position in the drift direction. In this paper, alternate methods for assigning event drift distance via quantification of electron diffusion in a pure high pressure xenon gas time projection chamber are explored. Data from the NEXT-White detector demonstrate the ability to achieve good position assignment accuracy for both high- and low-energy events. Using point-like energy deposits from $$^{83\textrm{m}}$$ 83 m Kr calibration electron captures ( $$E\sim 45$$ E ∼ 45 keV), the position of origin of low-energy events is determined to 2 cm precision with bias $$< 1~$$ < 1 mm. A convolutional neural network approach is then used to quantify diffusion for longer tracks ( $$E\ge ~1.5$$ E ≥ 1.5 MeV), from radiogenic electrons, yielding a precision of 3 cm on the event barycenter. The precision achieved with these methods indicates the feasibility energy calibrations of better than 1% FWHM at Q $$_{\beta \beta }$$ β β in pure xenon, as well as the potential for event fiducialization in large future detectors using an alternate method that does not rely on primary scintillation.

Published
2024
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3. Demonstration of neutrinoless double beta decay searches in gaseous xenon with NEXT

Author

The NEXT collaboration, P. Novella, M. Sorel, A. Usón, C. Adams, H. Almazán, V. Álvarez, B. Aparicio, A. I. Aranburu, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, F. Auria-Luna, S. Ayet, C. D. R. Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, M. del Barrio-Torregrosa, A. Bayo, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, S. Bounasser, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrián, E. Church, L. Cid, C. A. N. Conde, T. Contreras, F. P. Cossío, E. Dey, G. Díaz, T. Dickel, M. Elorza, J. Escada, R. Esteve, A. Fahs, R. Felkai, L. M. P. Fernandes, P. Ferrario, A. L. Ferreira, F. W. Foss, E. D. C. Freitas, Z. Freixa, J. Generowicz, A. Goldschmidt, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, R. González, J. Grocott, R. Guenette, J. Haefner, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, J. A. Hernando Morata, P. Herrero-Gómez, V. Herrero, C. Hervés Carrete, J. Ho, P. Ho, Y. Ifergan, B. J. P. Jones, L. Labarga, L. Larizgoitia, A. Larumbe, P. Lebrun, F. Lopez, D. Lopez Gutierrez, N. López-March, R. Madigan, R. D. P. Mano, A. P. Marques, J. Martín-Albo, G. Martínez-Lema, M. Martínez-Vara, Z. E. Meziani, R. L. Miller, K. Mistry, J. Molina-Canteras, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, K. Navarro, A. Nuñez, D. R. Nygren, E. Oblak, M. Odriozola-Gimeno, J. Palacio, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, I. Parmaksiz, J. Pelegrin, M. Pérez Maneiro, M. Querol, A. B. Redwine, J. Renner, I. Rivilla, J. Rodríguez, C. Rogero, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, A. Simón, S. R. Soleti, C. Stanford, J. M. R. Teixeira, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, J. F. C. A. Veloso, T. T. Vuong, J. Waiton, and J. T. White

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Rare Decay, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The NEXT experiment aims at the sensitive search of the neutrinoless double beta decay in 136Xe, using high-pressure gas electroluminescent time projection chambers. The NEXT-White detector is the first radiopure demonstrator of this technology, operated in the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc. Achieving an energy resolution of 1% FWHM at 2.6 MeV and further background rejection by means of the topology of the reconstructed tracks, NEXT-White has been exploited beyond its original goals in order to perform a neu- trinoless double beta decay search. The analysis considers the combination of 271.6 days of 136Xe-enriched data and 208.9 days of 136Xe-depleted data. A detailed background modeling and measurement has been developed, ensuring the time stability of the radiogenic and cosmogenic contributions across both data samples. Limits to the neutrinoless mode are obtained in two alternative analyses: a background-model-dependent approach and a novel direct background-subtraction technique, offering results with small dependence on the background model assumptions. With a fiducial mass of only 3.50 ± 0.01 kg of 136Xe-enriched xenon, 90% C.L. lower limits to the neutrinoless double beta decay are found in the T 1 / 2 0 ν $$ {T}_{1/2}^{0\nu } $$ > 5.5 × 1023 − 1.3 × 1024 yr range, depending on the method. The presented techniques stand as a proof-of-concept for the searches to be implemented with larger NEXT detectors.

Published
2023
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4. Ba+2 ion trapping using organic submonolayer for ultra-low background neutrinoless double beta detector

Author

P. Herrero-Gómez, J. P. Calupitan, M. Ilyn, A. Berdonces-Layunta, T. Wang, D. G. de Oteyza, M. Corso, R. González-Moreno, I. Rivilla, B. Aparicio, A. I. Aranburu, Z. Freixa, F. Monrabal, F. P. Cossío, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, C. Rogero, and NEXT collaboration

Subjects
Science
Abstract

One of the possible events signaling a neutrinoless double beta decay is a Xe atom decaying into a Ba ion and two electrons. Aiming at the realisation of a detector for such a process, the authors show that Ba ions can be efficiently trapped (chelated) in vacuum by an organic molecule layer on a surface.

Published
2022
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5. Sensitivity of a tonne-scale NEXT detector for neutrinoless double-beta decay searches

Author

The NEXT collaboration, C. Adams, V. Álvarez, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, C. D. R Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrián, E. Church, C. A. N. Conde, T. Contreras, A. A. Denisenko, G. Díaz, J. Díaz, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, L. M. P. Fernandes, P. Ferrario, A. L. Ferreira, F. Foss, E. D. C. Freitas, Z. Freixa, J. Generowicz, A. Goldschmidt, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, R. González, D. González-Díaz, S. Gosh, R. Guenette, R. M. Gutiérrez, J. Haefner, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, J. A. Hernando Morata, P. Herrero, V. Herrero, J. Ho, Y. Ifergan, B. J. P. Jones, M. Kekic, L. Labarga, A. Laing, P. Lebrun, N. López-March, M. Losada, R. D. P. Mano, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, M. Martínez-Vara, G. Martínez-Lema, A. D. McDonald, Z. E. Meziani, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, C. Newhouse, P. Novella, D. R. Nygren, E. Oblak, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, J. Pérez, M. Querol, A. Redwine, J. Renner, L. Ripoll, I. Rivilla, Y. Rodríguez García, J. Rodríguez, C. Rogero, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, A. Simón, M. Sorel, C. Stanford, J. M. R. Teixeira, P. Thapa, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, A. Usón, J. F. C. A. Veloso, T. T. Vuong, R. Webb, R. Weiss-Babai, J. T. White, K. Woodruff, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The Neutrino Experiment with a Xenon TPC (NEXT) searches for the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of 136Xe using high-pressure xenon gas TPCs with electroluminescent amplification. A scaled-up version of this technology with about 1 tonne of enriched xenon could reach in less than 5 years of operation a sensitivity to the half-life of 0νββ decay better than 1027 years, improving the current limits by at least one order of magnitude. This prediction is based on a well-understood background model dominated by radiogenic sources. The detector concept presented here represents a first step on a compelling path towards sensitivity to the parameter space defined by the inverted ordering of neutrino masses, and beyond.

Published
2021
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6. Boosting background suppression in the NEXT experiment through Richardson-Lucy deconvolution

Author

The NEXT collaboration, A. Simón, Y. Ifergan, A. B. Redwine, R. Weiss-Babai, L. Arazi, C. Adams, H. Almazán, V. Álvarez, B. Aparicio, A. I. Aranburu, I. J. Arnquist, C. D. R Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrián, E. Church, C. A. N. Conde, T. Contreras, F. P. Cossío, A. A. Denisenko, G. Díaz, J. Díaz, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, L. M. P. Fernandes, P. Ferrario, A. L. Ferreira, F. Foss, E. D. C. Freitas, Z. Freixa, J. Generowicz, A. Goldschmidt, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, R. González, D. González-Díaz, S. Gosh, R. Guenette, R. M. Gutiérrez, J. Haefner, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, J. A. Hernando Morata, P. Herrero, V. Herrero, J. Ho, B. J. P. Jones, M. Kekic, L. Labarga, A. Laing, P. Lebrun, N. López-March, M. Losada, R. D. P. Mano, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, M. Martínez-Vara, G. Martínez-Lema, A. D. McDonald, Z.-E. Meziani, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, C. Newhouse, P. Novella, D. R. Nygren, E. Oblak, M. Odriozola-Gimeno, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, J. Pérez, M. Querol, J. Renner, L. Ripoll, I. Rivilla, Y. Rodríguez García, J. Rodríguez, C. Rogero, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, M. Sorel, C. Stanford, J. M. R. Teixeira, P. Thapa, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, A. Usón, J. F. C. A. Veloso, T. T. Vuong, R. Webb, J. T. White, K. Woodruff, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Next-generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiments aim for half-life sensitivities of ∼ 1027 yr, requiring suppressing backgrounds to < 1 count/tonne/yr. For this, any extra background rejection handle, beyond excellent energy resolution and the use of extremely radiopure materials, is of utmost importance. The NEXT experiment exploits differences in the spatial ionization patterns of double beta decay and single-electron events to discriminate signal from background. While the former display two Bragg peak dense ionization regions at the opposite ends of the track, the latter typically have only one such feature. Thus, comparing the energies at the track extremes provides an additional rejection tool. The unique combination of the topology-based background discrimination and excellent energy resolution (1% FWHM at the Q-value of the decay) is the distinguishing feature of NEXT. Previous studies demonstrated a topological background rejection factor of ∼ 5 when reconstructing electron-positron pairs in the 208Tl 1.6 MeV double escape peak (with Compton events as background), recorded in the NEXT-White demonstrator at the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, with 72% signal efficiency. This was recently improved through the use of a deep convolutional neural network to yield a background rejection factor of ∼ 10 with 65% signal efficiency. Here, we present a new reconstruction method, based on the Richardson-Lucy deconvolution algorithm, which allows reversing the blurring induced by electron diffusion and electroluminescence light production in the NEXT TPC. The new method yields highly refined 3D images of reconstructed events, and, as a result, significantly improves the topological background discrimination. When applied to real-data 1.6 MeV e − e + pairs, it leads to a background rejection factor of 27 at 57% signal efficiency.

Published
2021
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7. Demonstration of background rejection using deep convolutional neural networks in the NEXT experiment

Author

The NEXT collaboration, M. Kekic, C. Adams, K. Woodruff, J. Renner, E. Church, M. Del Tutto, J. A. Hernando Morata, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, V. Álvarez, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, C. D. R. Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrián, C. A. N. Conde, T. Contreras, G. Díaz, J. Díaz, M. Diesburg, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, A. F. M. Fernandes, L. M. P. Fernandes, P. Ferrario, A. L. Ferreira, E. D. C. Freitas, J. Generowicz, S. Ghosh, A. Goldschmidt, D. González-Díaz, R. Guenette, R. M. Gutiérrez, J. Haefner, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, P. Herrero, V. Herrero, Y. Ifergan, B. J. P. Jones, L. Labarga, A. Laing, P. Lebrun, N. López-March, M. Losada, R. D. P. Mano, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, G. Martínez-Lema, M. Martínez-Vara, A. D. McDonald, Z.-E. Meziani, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, P. Novella, D. R. Nygren, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, J. Pérez, M. Querol, A. B. Redwine, L. Ripoll, Y. Rodríguez García, J. Rodríguez, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, A. Simón, C. Sofka, M. Sorel, T. Stiegler, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, A. Usón, J. F. C. A. Veloso, R. Webb, R. Weiss-Babai, J. T. White, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are widely used state-of-the-art computer vision tools that are becoming increasingly popular in high-energy physics. In this paper, we attempt to understand the potential of CNNs for event classification in the NEXT experiment, which will search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 136Xe. To do so, we demonstrate the usage of CNNs for the identification of electron-positron pair production events, which exhibit a topology similar to that of a neutrinoless double-beta decay event. These events were produced in the NEXT-White high-pressure xenon TPC using 2.6 MeV gamma rays from a 228Th calibration source. We train a network on Monte Carlo-simulated events and show that, by applying on-the-fly data augmentation, the network can be made robust against differences between simulation and data. The use of CNNs offers significant improvement in signal efficiency and background rejection when compared to previous non-CNN-based analyses.

Published
2021
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8. Low-diffusion Xe-He gas mixtures for rare-event detection: electroluminescence yield

Author

The NEXT collaboration, A. F. M. Fernandes, C. A. O. Henriques, R. D. P. Mano, D. González-Díaz, C. D. R Azevedo, P. A. O. C. Silva, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, E. D. C. Freitas, L. M. P. Fernandes, C. M. B. Monteiro, C. Adams, V. Álvarez, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrián, E. Church, C. A. N. Conde, T. Contreras, G. Díaz, J. Díaz, M. Diesburg, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, P. Ferrario, A. L. Ferreira, J. Generowicz, S. Ghosh, A. Goldschmidt, R. Guenette, R. M. Gutiérrez, J. Haefner, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, J. A. Hernando Morata, P. Herrero, V. Herrero, Y. Ifergan, S. Johnston, B. J. P. Jones, M. Kekic, L. Labarga, A. Laing, P. Lebrun, N. López-March, M. Losada, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, G. Martínez-Lema, A. D. McDonald, F. Monrabal, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, P. Novella, D. R. Nygren, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, J. Pérez, F. Psihas, M. Querol, J. Renner, J. Repond, S. Riordan, L. Ripoll, Y. Rodríguez García, J. Rodríguez, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, A. Simón, C. Sofka, M. Sorel, T. Stiegler, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, A. Usón, J. F. C. A. Veloso, R. Webb, R. Weiss-Babai, J. T. White, K. Woodruff, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Particle correlations and fluctuations, Photon production, Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Rare decay, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract High pressure xenon Time Projection Chambers (TPC) based on secondary scintillation (electroluminescence) signal amplification are being proposed for rare event detection such as directional dark matter, double electron capture and double beta decay detection. The discrimination of the rare event through the topological signature of primary ionisation trails is a major asset for this type of TPC when compared to single liquid or double-phase TPCs, limited mainly by the high electron diffusion in pure xenon. Helium admixtures with xenon can be an attractive solution to reduce the electron diffu- sion significantly, improving the discrimination efficiency of these optical TPCs. We have measured the electroluminescence (EL) yield of Xe–He mixtures, in the range of 0 to 30% He and demonstrated the small impact on the EL yield of the addition of helium to pure xenon. For a typical reduced electric field of 2.5 kV/cm/bar in the EL region, the EL yield is lowered by ∼ 2%, 3%, 6% and 10% for 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% of helium concentration, respectively. This decrease is less than what has been obtained from the most recent simulation framework in the literature. The impact of the addition of helium on EL statistical fluctuations is negligible, within the experimental uncertainties. The present results are an important benchmark for the simulation tools to be applied to future optical TPCs based on Xe-He mixtures.

Published
2020
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9. Radiogenic backgrounds in the NEXT double beta decay experiment

Author

The NEXT collaboration, P. Novella, B. Palmeiro, M. Sorel, A. Usón, P. Ferrario, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, C. Adams, V. Álvarez, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, C. D. R Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrían, E. Church, C. A. N. Conde, T. Contreras, G. Díaz, J. Díaz, M. Diesburg, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, A. F. M. Fernandes, L. M. P. Fernandes, A. L. Ferreira, E. D. C. Freitas, J. Generowicz, S. Ghosh, A. Goldschmidt, D. Gonźalez-Díaz, R. Guenette, R. M. Gutiérrez, J. Haefner, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, J. A. Hernando Morata, P. Herrero, V. Herrero, Y. Ifergan, S. Johnston, B. J. P. Jones, M. Kekic, L. Labarga, A. Laing, P. Lebrun, N. López-March, M. Losada, R. D. P. Mano, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, G. Martínez-Lema, A. D. McDonald, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, D. R. Nygren, A. Para, J. Pérez, F. Psihas, M. Querol, J. Renner, J. Repond, S. Riordan, L. Ripoll, Y. Rodríguez García, J. Rodríguez, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, A. Simón, C. Sofka, T. Stiegler, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, J. F. C. A. Veloso, R. Webb, R. Weiss-Babai, J. T. White, K. Woodruff, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Natural radioactivity represents one of the main backgrounds in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay. Within the NEXT physics program, the radioactivity- induced backgrounds are measured with the NEXT-White detector. Data from 37.9 days of low-background operations at the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc with xenon depleted in 136Xe are analyzed to derive a total background rate of (0.84±0.02) mHz above 1000 keV. The comparison of data samples with and without the use of the radon abatement system demonstrates that the contribution of airborne-Rn is negligible. A radiogenic background model is built upon the extensive radiopurity screening campaign conducted by the NEXT collaboration. A spectral fit to this model yields the specific contributions of 60Co, 40K, 214Bi and 208Tl to the total background rate, as well as their location in the detector volumes. The results are used to evaluate the impact of the radiogenic backgrounds in the double beta decay analyses, after the application of topological cuts that reduce the total rate to (0.25±0.01) mHz. Based on the best-fit background model, the NEXT-White median sensitivity to the two-neutrino double beta decay is found to be 3.5σ after 1 year of data taking. The background measurement in a Q ββ ±100 keV energy window validates the best-fit background model also for the neutrinoless double beta decay search with NEXT-100. Only one event is found, while the model expectation is (0.75±0.12) events.

Published
2019
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10. Demonstration of the event identification capabilities of the NEXT-White detector

Author

The NEXT collaboration, P. Ferrario, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, G. Díaz López, J. A. Hernando Morata, M. Kekic, J. Renner, A. Usón, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, C. Adams, V. Álvarez, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, C. D. R Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, F. I. G. M. Borges, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrían, E. Church, C. A. N. Conde, T. Contreras, J. Díaz, M. Diesburg, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, A. F. M. Fernandes, L. M. P. Fernandes, A. L. Ferreira, E. D. C. Freitas, J. Generowicz, S. Ghosh, A. Goldschmidt, D. González-Díaz, R. Guenette, R. M. Gutíerrez, J. Haefner, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, P. Herrero, V. Herrero, Y. Ifergan, S. Johnston, B. J. P. Jones, L. Labarga, A. Laing, P. Lebrun, N. López-March, M. Losada, R. D. P. Mano, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, G. Martínez-Lema, A. D. McDonald, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, P. Novella, D. R. Nygren, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, J. Pérez, F. Psihas, M. Querol, J. Repond, S. Riordan, L. Ripoll, Y. Rodríguez García, J. Rodríguez, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, A. Simón, C. Sofka, M. Sorel, T. Stiegler, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, J. F. C. A. Veloso, R. Webb, R. Weiss-Babai, J. T. White, K. Woodruff, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract In experiments searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay, the possibility of identifying the two emitted electrons is a powerful tool in rejecting background events and therefore improving the overall sensitivity of the experiment. In this paper we present the first measurement of the efficiency of a cut based on the different event signatures of double and single electron tracks, using the data of the NEXT-White detector, the first detector of the NEXT experiment operating underground. Using a 228Th calibration source to produce signal-like and background-like events with energies near 1.6 MeV, a signal efficiency of 71.6 ± 1.5 stat ± 0.3 sys% for a background acceptance of 20.6 ± 0.4 stat ± 0.3 sys% is found, in good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations. An extrapolation to the energy region of the neutrinoless double beta decay by means of Monte Carlo simulations is also carried out, and the results obtained show an improvement in background rejection over those obtained at lower energies.

Published
2019
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11. Energy calibration of the NEXT-White detector with 1% resolution near Q ββ of 136Xe

Author

The NEXT collaboration, J. Renner, G. Díaz López, P. Ferrario, J. A. Hernando Morata, M. Kekic, G. Martínez-Lema, F. Monrabal, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, C. Adams, V. Álvarez, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, C. D. R Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, N. Byrnes, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrián, E. Church, C. A. N. Conde, T. Contreras, J. Díaz, M. Diesburg, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, A. F. M. Fernandes, L. M. P. Fernandes, A. L. Ferreira, E. D. C. Freitas, J. Generowicz, S. Ghosh, A. Goldschmidt, D. González-Díaz, R. Guenette, R. M. Gutiérrez, J. Haefner, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, P. Herrero, V. Herrero, Y. Ifergan, S. Johnston, B. J. P. Jones, L. Labarga, A. Laing, P. Lebrun, N. López-March, M. Losada, R. D. P. Mano, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, A. D. McDonald, C. M. B. Monteiro, F.J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, P. Novella, D. R. Nygren, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, J. Pérez, F. Psihas, M. Querol, J. Repond, S. Riordan, L. Ripoll, Y. Rodríguez García, J. Rodríguez, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, A. Simón, C. Sofka, M. Sorel, T. Stiegler, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, A. Usón, J. F. C. A. Veloso, R. Webb, R. Weiss-Babai, J. T. White, K. Woodruff, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Excellent energy resolution is one of the primary advantages of electroluminescent high-pressure xenon TPCs. These detectors are promising tools in searching for rare physics events, such as neutrinoless double-beta decay (ββ0ν), which require precise energy measurements. Using the NEXT-White detector, developed by the NEXT (Neutrino Experiment with a Xenon TPC) collaboration, we show for the first time that an energy resolution of 1% FWHM can be achieved at 2.6 MeV, establishing the present technology as the one with the best energy resolution of all xenon detectors for ββ0ν searches.

Published
2019
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12. Electroluminescence TPCs at the thermal diffusion limit

Author

The NEXT collaboration, C. A. O. Henriques, C. M. B. Monteiro, D. González-Díaz, C. D. R Azevedo, E. D. C. Freitas, R. D. P. Mano, M. R. Jorge, A. F. M. Fernandes, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, L. M. P. Fernandes, C. Adams, V. Álvarez, L. Arazi, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, A. Botas, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrián, C. A. N. Conde, J. Díaz, M. Diesburg, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, P. Ferrario, A. L. Ferreira, J. Generowicz, A. Goldschmidt, R. Guenette, R. M. Gutiérrez, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, A. I. Hernandez, J. A. Hernando Morata, V. Herrero, S. Johnston, B. J. P. Jones, M. Kekic, L. Labarga, A. Laing, P. Lebrun, N. López-March, M. Losada, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, G. Martínez-Lema, A. McDonald, F. Monrabal, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, M. Musti, M. Nebot-Guinot, P. Novella, D. R. Nygren, B. Palmeiro, A. Para, J. Pérez, F. Psihas, M. Querol, J. Renner, J. Repond, S. Riordan, L. Ripoll, J. Rodríguez, L. Rogers, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, A. Simón, C. Sofka, M. Sorel, T. Stiegler, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, J. F. C. A. Veloso, R. Webb, J. T. White, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Photon production, Particle correlations and fluctuations, Rare decay, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The NEXT experiment aims at searching for the hypothetical neutrinoless double-beta decay from the 136Xe isotope using a high-purity xenon TPC. Efficient discrimination of the events through pattern recognition of the topology of primary ionisation tracks is a major requirement for the experiment. However, it is limited by the diffusion of electrons. It is known that the addition of a small fraction of a molecular gas to xenon reduces electron diffusion. On the other hand, the electroluminescence (EL) yield drops and the achievable energy resolution may be compromised. We have studied the effect of adding several molecular gases to xenon (CO2, CH4 and CF4) on the EL yield and energy resolution obtained in a small prototype of driftless gas proportional scintillation counter. We have compared our results on the scintillation characteristics (EL yield and energy resolution) with a microscopic simulation, obtaining the diffusion coefficients in those conditions as well. Accordingly, electron diffusion may be reduced from about 10 mm/ m $$ \sqrt{\mathrm{m}} $$ for pure xenon down to 2.5 mm/ m $$ \sqrt{\mathrm{m}} $$ using additive concentrations of about 0.05%, 0.2% and 0.02% for CO2, CH4 and CF4, respectively. Our results show that CF4 admixtures present the highest EL yield in those conditions, but very poor energy resolution as a result of huge fluctuations observed in the EL formation. CH4 presents the best energy resolution despite the EL yield being the lowest. The results obtained with xenon admixtures are extrapolated to the operational conditions of the NEXT-100 TPC. CO2 and CH4 show potential as molecular additives in a large xenon TPC. While CO2 has some operational constraints, making it difficult to be used in a large TPC, CH4 shows the best performance and stability as molecular additive to be used in the NEXT-100 TPC, with an extrapolated energy resolution of 0.4% at 2.45 MeV for concentrations below 0.4%, which is only slightly worse than the one obtained for pure xenon. We demonstrate the possibility to have an electroluminescence TPC operating very close to the thermal diffusion limit without jeopardizing the TPC performance, if CO2 or CH4 are chosen as additives.

Published
2019
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13. Measurement of radon-induced backgrounds in the NEXT double beta decay experiment

Author

The NEXT collaboration, P. Novella, B. Palmeiro, A. Simón, M. Sorel, C. Adams, P. Ferrario, G. Martínez-Lema, F. Monrabal, G. Zuzel, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, V. Álvarez, L. Arazi, C. D. R Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, A. Botas, S. Cárcel, J. V. Carrión, S. Cebrián, C. A. N. Conde, J. Díaz, M. Diesburg, J. Escada, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, A. F. M. Fernandes, L. M. P. Fernandes, A. L. Ferreira, E. D. C. Freitas, J. Generowicz, A. Goldschmidt, D. González-Díaz, R. Guenette, R. M. Gutiérrez, K. Hafidi, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, A. I. Hernandez, J. A. Hernando Morata, V. Herrero, S. Johnston, B. J. P. Jones, M. Kekic, L. Labarga, A. Laing, P. Lebrun, N. López-March, M. Losada, R. D. P. Mano, J. Martíın-Albo, A. Martínez, A. McDonald, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, J. Muñoz Vidal, M. Musti, M. Nebot-Guinot, D. R. Nygren, A. Para, J. Pérez, F. Psihas, M. Querol, J. Renner, J. Repond, S. Riordan, L. Ripoll, J. Rodríguez, L. Rogers, C. Romo-Luque, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, C. Sofka, T. Stiegler, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, J. F. C. A. Veloso, R. Webb, J. T. White, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The measurement of the internal 222Rn activity in the NEXT-White detector during the so-called Run-II period with 136Xe-depleted xenon is discussed in detail, together with its implications for double beta decay searches in NEXT. The activity is measured through the alpha production rate induced in the fiducial volume by 222Rn and its alpha-emitting progeny. The specific activity is measured to be (38.1 ± 2.2 (stat.) ± 5.9 (syst.)) mBq/m3. Radon-induced electrons have also been characterized from the decay of the 214Bi daughter ions plating out on the cathode of the time projection chamber. From our studies, we conclude that radon-induced backgrounds are sufficiently low to enable a successful NEXT-100 physics program, as the projected rate contribution should not exceed 0.1 counts/yr in the neutrinoless double beta decay sample.

Published
2018
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14. Ba

Author

P, Herrero-Gómez, J P, Calupitan, M, Ilyn, A, Berdonces-Layunta, T, Wang, D G, de Oteyza, M, Corso, R, González-Moreno, I, Rivilla, B, Aparicio, A I, Aranburu, Z, Freixa, F, Monrabal, F P, Cossío, J J, Gómez-Cadenas, C, Rogero, and J T, White

Abstract

If neutrinos are their own antiparticles the otherwise-forbidden nuclear reaction known as neutrinoless double beta decay can occur. The very long lifetime expected for these exceptional events makes its detection a daunting task. In order to conduct an almost background-free experiment, the NEXT collaboration is investigating novel synthetic molecular sensors that may capture the Ba dication produced in the decay of certain Xe isotopes in a high-pressure gas experiment. The use of such molecular detectors immobilized on surfaces must be explored in the ultra-dry environment of a xenon gas chamber. Here, using a combination of highly sensitive surface science techniques in ultra-high vacuum, we demonstrate the possibility of employing the so-called Fluorescent Bicolor Indicator as the molecular component of the sensor. We unravel the ion capture process for these molecular indicators immobilized on a surface and explain the origin of the emission fluorescence shift associated to the ion trapping.

Published
2022

15. Radon and material radiopurity assessment for the NEXT double beta decay experiment

Author

S. Cebrián, J. Pérez, I. Bandac, L. Labarga, V. Álvarez, A. I. Barrado, A. Bettini, F. I. G. M. Borges, M. Camargo, S. Cárcel, A. Cervera, C. A. N. Conde, E. Conde, T. Dafni, J. Díaz, R. Esteve, L. M. P. Fernandes, M. Fernández, P. Ferrario, E. D. C. Freitas, V. M. Gehman, A. Goldschmidt, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, D. González-Díaz, R. M. Gutiérrez, J. Hauptman, J. A. Hernando Morata, D. C. Herrera, I. G. Irastorza, A. Laing, I. Liubarsky, N. López-March, D. Lorca, M. Losada, G. Luzón, A. Marí, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, G. Martínez-Lema, T. Miller, F. Monrabal, M. Monserrate, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, L. M. Moutinho, J. Muñoz Vidal, M. Nebot-Guinot, D. Nygren, C. A. B. Oliveira, A. Ortiz de Solórzano, J. L. Pérez Aparicio, M. Querol, J. Renner, L. Ripoll, J. Rodríguez, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, L. Serra, D. Shuman, A. Simón, C. Sofka, M. Sorel, J. F. Toledo, J. Torrent, Z. Tsamalaidze, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. A. Villar, R. C. Webb, J. T. White, N. Yahlali, and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica

Subjects
Radon mitigation, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Radon, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Xenon, Cambres d'ionització, Double beta decay, Gamma detectors (HPGe), 0103 physical sciences, Gamma spectroscopy, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Detectors de radiació, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Ionization chambers, Canfranc Underground Laboratory, Material radiopurity, Física, Time-Projection Chamber (TPC), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Semiconductor detector, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Nuclear counters, Environmental science, Neutrino
Abstract

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM, The ”Neutrino Experiment with a Xenon TPC” (NEXT), intended to investigate the neutrinoless double beta decay using a high-pressure xenon gas TPC filled with Xe enriched in 136Xe at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory in Spain, requires ultra-low background conditions demanding an exhaustive control of material radiopurity and environmental radon levels. An extensive material screening process is underway for several years based mainly on gamma-ray spectroscopy using ultra-low backgroundgermanium detectors in Canfranc but also on mass spectrometry techniques like GDMS and ICPMS. Components from shielding, pressure vessel, electroluminescence and high voltage elements and energy and tracking readout planes have been analyzed, helping in the final design of the experiment and in the construction of the background model. The latest measurements carried out will be presented and the implication on NEXT of their results will be discussed. The commissioning of the NEW detector, as a first step towards NEXT, has started in Canfranc; in-situ measurements of airborne radon levels were taken there to optimize the system for radon mitigation and will be shown too, The NEXT Collaboration acknowledges funding support from the following agencies and institutions: the European Research Council under the Advanced Grant 339787-NEXT and the T-REX Starting Grant ref. ERC-2009-StG-240054 of the IDEAS program of the 7th EU Framework Program; the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad under grants CONSOLIDER-Ingenio 2010 CSD2008-0037 (CUP), FPA2009-13697-C04-04, and FIS2012-37947- C04; the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US DoE under Contract no. DE-AC02- 05CH11231; and the Portuguese FCT and FEDER through the program COMPETE, Projects PTDC/FIS/103860/2008 and PTDC/FIS/112272/2009. S. Cebrián acknowledges the support from the University of Zaragoza (Convocatoria propia de proyectos de investigación para Jóvenes Investigadores 2014). Special thanks are due to LSC directorate and staff for their strong support for performing the measurements at the LSC Radiopurity Service

Published
2015

16. Present Status and Future Perspectives of the NEXT Experiment

Author

T.H.V.T. Dias, S. Cebrián, R. C. Webb, F.I.G.M. Borges, M. Sorel, J. M. Hauptman, A.L. Ferreira, M. Nebot-Guinot, Roberto Gutiérrez, I. G. Irastorza, N. Yahlali, A. Tomás, Roberto Palma, A. Marí, F.P. Santos, L.M.P. Fernandes, L. Labarga, Hector Gomez, Víctor H. Alvarez, D. Shuman, Romain Esteve, José Villar, F.J. Mora, J Renner, Petr Evtoukhovitch, Z. Tsamalaidze, A. Cervera, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Moiseenko, F.J. Iguaz, Luis M. Serra, V. M. Gehman, M. Monserrate, A. Goldschmidt, C.M.B. Monteiro, J.F.C.A. Veloso, E.D.C. Freitas, C. Sofka, J. Torrent, Diego González-Díaz, J. T. White, J.M.F. dos Santos, M A Jinete, T. Miller, G. Luzón, J. F. Castel, A Rodríguez, A. Simón, D.C. Herrera, D. R. Nygren, L.M. Moutinho, L. Segui, J. Muñoz Vidal, L. Ripoll, Gabriela Navarro, H. Natal da Luz, Javier Pérez, F. Monrabal, Carlos R. Oliveira, I. Liubarsky, José L. Pérez-Aparicio, C.A.N. Conde, J. Rodríguez, M. Losada, M. Egorov, Paola Ferrario, A. Laing, D. Lorca, T. Dafni, J. A. Hernando Morata, J. S. Díaz, J. Martín-Albo, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, A. Gil, J.F. Toledo, S. Cárcel, A. Martínez, and SCOAP

Subjects
MECANICA DE LOS MEDIOS CONTINUOS Y TEORIA DE ESTRUCTURAS, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Article Subject, Double beta decay experiment, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, NEXT, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Mathematical Sciences, TECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICA, Nuclear physics, Xenon, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, physics.ins-det, Physics, Time projection chamber, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), lcsh:QC1-999, chemistry, Physical Sciences, Física nuclear, lcsh:Physics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Gómez Cadenas, Juan José et al., NEXT is an experiment dedicated to neutrinoless double beta decay searches in xenon. The detector is a TPC, holding 100 kg of high-pressure xenon enriched in the 136Xe isotope. It is under construction in the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc in Spain, and it will begin operations in 2015. The NEXT detector concept provides an energy resolutionbetter than 1% FWHM and a topological signal that can be used to reduce the background. Furthermore, the NEXT technology can be extrapolated to a 1 ton-scale experiment., This work was supported by the following agencies and institutions: the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain under Grants CONSOLIDER-Ingenio 2010 CSD2008- 0037 (CUP), FPA2009-13697-C04-04, and FIS2012-37947- C04; the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231; and the Portuguese FCT and FEDER through the program COMPETE, Projects PTDC/FIS/103860/2008 and PTDC/FIS/112272/2009. J. Renner (LBNL) acknowledges the support of a US DOE NNSA Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship under Contract no. DE-FC52-08NA28752.

Published
2014
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18. NEXT: Neutrino Experiment with high pressure Xenon gas TPC

Author

S. Cárcel, M. Sorel, J. S. Díaz, Ana M. Gil, N. Yahlali, M. Ball, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, J. Martin-Albo, F. Monrabal, and Luis M. Serra

Subjects
Physics, Massless particle, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, MAJORANA, Particle physics, Double beta decay, Canfranc Underground Laboratory, Neutrino, Instrumentation, Absolute scale, Particle detector, Lepton
Abstract

The search of the neutrinoless double- β decay address the major Physics goals of revealing the nature of the neutrino and setting an absolute scale for its mass. The observation of a positive β β 0 ν signal, the unique signature of Majorana neutrinos, would have deep consequences in particle physics and cosmology. Therefore, any claim of observing a positive signal shall require extremely robust evidences. NEXT is a new double- β experiment which aims at building a 100 kg high pressure Xe 136 gas TPC, to be hosted in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC), in Spain. This paper address the novel design concept of NEXT TPC believed to provide a pathway for an optimized and robust double- β experiment.

Published
2010
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19. A large magnetic detector for the neutrino factory

Author

J. J. Gómez Cadenas, F. Dydak, and A. Cervera

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata matrix, Solar neutrino problem, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino Factory, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation
Abstract

The physics opportunities of the neutrino factory have been the subject of a number of recent studies. It was shown that sensitive measurements of the angle θ 13 , of MSW effects, and of the sign of the atmospheric mass difference Δ m 23 2 are possible, and even CP violation in the neutrino mixing matrix may be within reach. The focus of interest is the oscillation ν e →ν μ , which leads in the well-defined neutrino beam of the neutrino factory to ‘wrong-sign’ muon events. In this paper, we show that a large magnetic detector will be capable of detecting with high efficiency and small backgrounds such wrong-sign muon events. We present a conceptual design of the apparatus and its performance. Various backgrounds are analysed and we demonstrate that they can be sufficiently suppressed by appropriate cuts. We illustrate the performance of the large magnetic detector by its sensitivity to the angle θ 13 .

Published
2000
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20. Golden channel at a neutrino factory revisited: Improved sensitivities from a magnetized iron neutrino detector

Author

A. Laing, Jordi Burguet-Castell, A. Cervera Villanueva, Pilar Hernández, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, J. Martín-Albo, R. Bayes, and F. J. P. Soler

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Física, Solar neutrino problem, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Neutrino detector, 0103 physical sciences, CP violation, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Sensitivity (control systems), Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract

This paper describes the performance and sensitivity to neutrino mixing parameters of a Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detector at a Neutrino Factory with a neutrino beam created from the decay of 10 GeV muons. Specifically, it is concerned with the ability of such a detector to detect muons of the opposite sign to those stored (wrong-sign muons) while suppressing contamination of the signal from the interactions of other neutrino species in the beam. A new, more realistic simulation and analysis, which improves the efficiency of this detector at low energies, has been developed using the GENIE neutrino event generator and the GEANT4 simulation toolkit. Low-energy neutrino events down to 1 GeV were selected, while reducing backgrounds to the ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ level. Signal efficiency plateaus of $\ensuremath{\sim}60%$ for ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ and $\ensuremath{\sim}70%$ for ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ events were achieved starting at $\ensuremath{\sim}5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. Contamination from the ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\tau}}$ oscillation channel was studied for the first time and was found to be at the level between 1% and 4%. Full response matrices are supplied for all the signal and background channels from 1 GeV to 10 GeV. The sensitivity of an experiment involving a Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detector detector of 100 ktons at 2000 km from the Neutrino Factory is calculated for the case of ${sin }^{2}2{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{13}\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. For this value of ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{13}$, the accuracy in the measurement of the $CP$-violating phase is estimated to be $\ensuremath{\Delta}{\ensuremath{\delta}}_{CP}\ensuremath{\sim}3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}--5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$, depending on the value of ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{CP}$, the $CP$ coverage at $5\ensuremath{\sigma}$ is 85% and the mass hierarchy would be determined with better than $5\ensuremath{\sigma}$ level for all values of ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{CP}$.

Published
2012

21. Absolute momentum calibration of the HARP TPC

Author

C. N. Booth, Malcolm Ellis, E. Di Capua, P. Novella, N. G. Polukhina, F. J. P. Soler, Alexey Krasnoperov, A. Kayis-Topaksu, L. Coney, M. G. Catanesi, A. Blondel, Simone Gilardoni, D. W. Schmitz, G. Giannini, V. Tereschenko, M. C. Morone, Ioannis Papadopoulos, V. Palladino, S. Giani, C. Meurer, M. Bonesini, S.A. Bunyatov, D. Kolev, V. Grichine, Vladimir Ivanchenko, U. Dore, Silvia Borghi, A. Bagulya, M. Sorel, L. Howlett, G.B. Mills, J.S. Graulich, Petar Temnikov, G. Prior, A. Grossheim, C. Wiebusch, Fr Pastore, A. De Santo, M. Mezzetto, J Martín–Albo, S. Piperov, M. Apollonio, A. Artamonov, A. Grant, Domizia Orestano, P. Zucchelli, Ilya Tsukerman, J Burguet–Castell, E. Tcherniaev, E. Radicioni, G. Vidal–Sitjes, R. Tsenov, G.D. Barr, A. Guglielmi, A. Cervera Villanueva, Mikhail Kirsanov, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, Rob Edgecock, V. Serdiouk, P. Gorbunov, P. Chimenti, Ghislain Grégoire, D. Gibin, B. A. Popov, M. Chizhov, U. Gastaldi, R. Schroeter, C Göß ling, Federico Ferri, L. Tortora, F. Bobisut, J. Dumarchez, A. Tonazzo, M. Bogomilov, Rob Veenhof, J. Panman, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Neutrinos, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HARP, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), M. G., Catanesi, Palladino, Vittorio, Blondel, Alain, Borghi, Silvia, Morone, Maria Cristina, Prior, Gersende, Schroeter, Raphaël, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, Catanesi, Mg, Radicioni, E, Edgecock, R, Ellis, M, Soler, Fjp, Gossling, C, Bunyatov, S, Krasnoperov, A, Popov, B, Serdiouk, V, Tereschenko, V, Di Capua, E, Vidal Sitjes, G, Artamonov, A, Giani, S, Gilardoni, S, Gorbunov, P, Grant, A, Grossheim, A, Ivanchenko, V, Kayis Topaksu, A, Panman, J, Papadopoulos, I, Tcherniaev, E, Tsukerman, I, Veenhof, R, Wiebusch, C, Zucchelli, P, Blondel, A, Borghi, S, Morone, Mc, Prior, G, Schroeter, R, Meurer, C, Gastaldi, U, Mills, Gb, Graulich, J, Gregoire, G, Bonesini, M, Ferri, F, Kirsanov, M, Bagulya, A, Grichine, V, Polukhina, N, Palladino, V, Coney, L, Schmitz, D, Barr, G, De Santo, A, Bobisut, F, Gibin, D, Guglielmi, A, Mezzetto, M, Dumarchez, J, Dore, U, Orestano, Domizia, Pastore, F, Tonazzo, A, Tortora, L, Booth, C, Howlett, L, Bogomilov, M, Chizhov, M, Kolev, D, Tsenov, R, Piperov, S, Temnikov, P, Apollonio, M, Chimenti, P, Giannini, G, Burguet Castell, J, Cervera Villanueva, A, Gomez Cadenas, Jj, Martin Albo, J, Novella, P, and Sorel, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Time projection chambers, FOS: Physical sciences, Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers,sources, particle-beams), ddc:500.2, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Detector alignment and calibration methods, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, HARP, Physics, Momentum (technical analysis), Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Física, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin)
Abstract

In the HARP experiment the large-angle spectrometer is using a cylindrical TPC as main tracking and particle identification detector. The momentum scale of reconstructed tracks in the TPC is the most important systematic error for the majority of kinematic bins used for the HARP measurements of the double-differential production cross-section of charged pions in proton interactions on nuclear targets at large angle. The HARP TPC operated with a number of hardware shortfalls and operational mistakes. Thus it was important to control and characterize its momentum calibration. While it was not possible to enter a direct particle beam into the sensitive volume of the TPC to calibrate the detector, a set of physical processes and detector properties were exploited to achieve a precise calibration of the apparatus. In the following we recall the main issues concerning the momentum measurement in the HARP TPC, and describe the cross-checks made to validate the momentum scale. As a conclusion, this analysis demonstrates that the measurement of momentum is correct within the published precision of 3%., Comment: To be published by JINST

Published
2008
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22. Study of the leptonic decays of the Z0 boson

Author

A. Klovning, U. Mjoernmark, Sandor Czellar, G. Polok, M. Bozzo, V.A. Uvarov, A. Ruiz, Ugo Gasparini, Paolo Pasini, P. Queru, W. K. Van Doninck, F. Richard, C. Matteuzzi, M. Hahn, B. Bouqquet, A. G. Frodesen, Andrey Korytov, Jan Krolikowski, N. N. Khovanski, W. Bartl, B. V. Batyunia, R. Pain, B. Koene, E. Lieb, A. Sebastia, I. Lippi, E.N. Tsyganov, J. H. Wickens, Jose Luis Contreras, C. Vander Velde, C. Lambropoulos, Ugo Amaldi, E. Zevgolatakos, R. Rongved, S. Almehed, C. Pinori, J. P. Laugier, J.A.M.A. Buytaert, A.N. Diddens, U. Kruener-Marquis, M. Gorbics, J.A. Lidbury, D. Radojicic, J.P. Grillet, M. Pimenta, N. De Groot, M. De Beer, G. Wormser, Ariella Cattai, Jacques Lemonne, A. Stocchi, Guido Barbiellini, M. Pernicka, G. Lenzen, J. E. Campagne, M. Koratzinos, L. Guglielmi, M. Bonapart, Wolfgang Adam, D. Bertrand, Francesco Navarria, Paolo Morettini, J. G. Loken, J.F. Genat, B. Kisielewski, Paolo Ronchese, T. Kreuzberger, J.C. Raoul, G. Goujon, G. Crosetti, Evgueni Vlasov, M. Nigro, Jan Ridky, A. S. Vodopianov, Tuure Tuuva, Clara Troncon, Itzhak Roditi, Gueorgui Chelkov, J. Guy, B. Dalmagne, M. Kopf, J. N. Jackson, P. Kokkinias, M. Passeneau, S. Ferroni, Z. Hajduk, F. Udo, G. Petrucci, M. Nordberg, R. Lauhakangas, H. Herr, Winfried Mitaroff, P. Beltran, Louis Lyons, C.W. Salgado, J. Mas, P. Lutz, G. Tristram, P. Laurikainen, S. Du, Paula Eerola, O. Ullaland, F. Djama, C. Gaspar, S. Haider, D.N. Edwards, C. Caso, M. Sessa, V. Castillo Gimenez, P. Negri, Tim Adye, C. De La Vaissiere, Laurent Chevalier, U. Trevisan, N. Crosland, J.V. Allaby, M. Jonker, Y. Sacquin, Maciej Górski, A. B. Fenyuk, L. Mattsson, J.J. Jaeger, Tiziano Rovelli, M. Cresti, J.H. Bibby, G.P. Barreira, B. Lund-Jensen, G. E. Kalmus, G. D. Alekseev, J. M. Yelton, A. Passeri, S. Gawne, Klaus Hamacher, A. Firestone, G. Kantardjian, C. De Clerco, Milos Lokajicek, K. Woschnagg, M. Nonni, P. Branchini, J. Krstic, Göran Jarlskog, W. Bell, N. I. Zimin, Stavros Maltezos, Mikael Berggren, H. Hofmann, J. Cuevas Maestro, H. B. Crawley, V. Lepeltier, H. Forsbach, F. Fulda-Quenzer, T. Bolognese, E. C. Katsoufis, G. Gopal, A. Letessier-Selvon, S. Gumenyuk, Nikolai Smirnov, V. Ruhlmann, O. Barring, G. Zhang, Paolo Checchia, B. Franek, W. Kucewicz, G. Matthiae, C. Stanescu, L.J. Carroll, M. L. Turluer, M. Vollmer, D. Reid, Ph. Gavillet, P. Spentzouris, E. Graziani, B. Jean-Marie, A. Hakansson, E. J. Sanchez, W. D. Apel, S. J. Alvsvaag, Roland Horisberger, L. Bugge, G. Hamel de Monchenault, E. G. Anassontzis, J. P. Engel, I. Kontaxis, P. Lorenz, P. Roudeau, M. J. Bates, Edoardo Castelli, D. Z. Toet, J. Joensuu, J. M. Brunet, H. Lebbolo, Josef Strauss, R. Llosa, N. Bingefors, P. Van Dam, M. Fernandez Alonso, P. Privitera, M.V. Reis, P. Weilhammer, Luc Pape, D. Imbault, R. Zitoun, D. Langerveld, P. Abreu, P. Borgeaud, Borge Svane Nielsen, M. H. Gros, F. J. Harris, H. Foeth, P. Allen, Gianni Zumerle, F. Astesan, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, Maria Roberta Monge, S. Barlag, A. Zalewska, Valery Pozdnyakov, G. Cabras, Krzysztof Doroba, Chiara Meroni, A.K. Topphol, C. Brand, M. Mc Cubbin, G. Ekspong, K. Hultqvist, Renato Turchetta, B. Grossetete, Allan Hallgren, B. Korzen, P. Poropat, G. Damgaard, C. Poiret, L. Tortora, Giovanni Valenti, I. Belokopytov, M. Boratav, D. Gamba, G. Voulgaris, Sverker Johansson, W. T. Meyer, Pierre Billoir, Mogens Dam, K. Rybicki, W. Venus, B. Muryn, V. Obraztsov, P. Aarnio, V. Gracco, M. Schaeffer, Andre Augustinus, P. Herquet, H. Palka, G. Skjevling, R. Contri, Giovanni Darbo, S. Simonetti, M. Voutilainen, G. Grosdidier, R. Sekulin, R. Dzhelyadin, T. Pettersen, Jose M. Benlloch, A. Grant, R.B. Kadyrov, F. Barao, P. V. Chliapnikov, M. Crozon, Craig Buttar, A. De Angelis, D. Delikaris, N. van Eijndhoven, J. Werner, L. Viseu Melo, E. Sundell, M.I. Laakso, Daniel Bloch, Hans Dijkstra, I. Herbst, Katri Huitu, T.K. Truong, B. Goret, M. Baubillier, R. Lucock, Alessandra Romero, Georgios Stavropoulos, J.M. Noppe, M. Turala, Barry King, Ahmimed Ouraou, Pavlos Ioannou, F. Simonetto, R. Gokieli, A. Tilquin, J. Perez, I.A. Gritsaenko, G. Leder, G. B. Chadwick, E. Higon, R. Seufert, V.M. Golovatyuk, W.S.C. Williams, Daniel Treille, J. J. Hernandez, R. Frühwirth, Manolis Dris, J. Pyythia, B. Åsman, P. Adrianos, C. J. Beeston, F. Scuri, Juan Fuster, N.K. Vishnevskij, A. M. Zaitsev, E. K. Johansson, J. E. Hooper, J.C. Le Grand, J. Timmermans, J. Pagot, A. Pullia, J.-E. Augustin, A. M. Wetherell, E. Lillethun, T. Moa, G. Maehlum, K. Pakonski, F. Bianchi, J. Michałowski, Kjell Fransson, L. Lanceri, D. Husson, J. Barlow, E. Vela, Lucio Cerrito, T. Buran, J.B.M. Pattison, I. A. Tyapkin, M. A. Houlden, D. Crennell, F. Mandl, A. Pinsent, A.M. Romaya, M. Ellila, Guenakh Mitselmakher, A.J. Camacho Rozas, D. Vilanova, G. Smadja, D.Yu. Barbin, S. Squarcia, K. W. Glitza, A. Zinchenko, E. Menichetti, Olga Botner, Krzysztof Korcyl, H. Saarikko, T. Hofmokl, Marek Szczekowski, N. Dimitriou, Stefano Ragazzi, José Salt, F. Couchot, R. Sosnowski, B. W. Heck, E. Rosso, H. Klein, H. Schneider, V. G. Timofeev, S. Nounos, J.-P. Vanuxem, Panos Kostarakis, M.-H. Gros, A. Markou, F. Cao, V. Falaleev, E. Lillestol, V. Chorowicz, O.A. Maeland, R. Downs, J. Haissinski, S. Braibant, Tord Ekelof, H. Staeck, G. Galeazzi, R. Strub, B. Loerstad, K. Moenig, S. Cairanti, H. Burmeister, D. Sacco, M. Mazzucato, E. Fokitis, Robert S. Brown, J. Drees, P. Szymanski, Patrick Jarry, M. Winter, G. Rinaudo, Evangelos Gazis, G. Vegni, N. Brummer, W. H. Range, E. Spiriti, B.D. Hyams, E. I. Rosenberg, K. Kurvinen, M. Dracos, R. Ragazzon, P. Siegrist, J-C. Marin, M. Davenport, B. Grung, A. A. Rademakers, S. O. Holmgren, D. Benedic, D. Loukas, George Kalkanis, P. B. Renton, M. Flinn, L. O. Eek, R. C. Shellard, L. Di Ciaccio, Josef Hrubec, A. M. Segar, D. C. Fries, G. Kuhn, P. S. Iversen, F. Fontanelli, J. Skeens, C. Astor Ferreres, J. Velasco, Marta Calvi, L. Tkachev, Vincenzo Canale, Geoffrey Smith, G. W. Van Apeldoorn, G. Sette, L.S. Curwen, W. Dulinski, L. Ventura, Håkan T Johansson, B. Lavigne, S. Palma Lopes, S. Quinton, Hans Muller, T. Odegaard, P. N. Bogolubov, Christine Kourkoumelis, E. Dahl-Jensen, H. De Boeck, M. Tyndel, P. Vaz, D. Bollini, M. Pegoraro, J. Maillard, P. Jalocha, S. Biagi, H. P. Borner, V. Kadyshevskiy, V. Perevozchikov, Theodora Papadopoulou, Tiziano Camporesi, N. G. Redaelli, P. Frenkiel, R. Moeller, A. Baroncelli, A. Hrisoho, H. J. Hilke, C. Bosio, F. Waldner, K. D. Brand, Antonio Ferrer, Roberto Cirio, L. K. Resvanis, C. Walck, G. E. Theodosiou, M. Zito, O. Pingot, K. Spang, E. Sanchis, L. Mathis, Massimo Caccia, N. Yamdagni, Paul Baillon, Alexander Lincoln Read, Vladimir Nikolaenko, M. Szeptycka, P. Juillot, M. Mur, M.A. Lopez Aguera, Francesca Romana Cavallo, Mitchell Wayne, V. V. Lapin, P. O. Hulth, F. Rossel, P. Delpierre, E. Daubie, G. Myatt, J.M. Gago, Joao Varela, P. Kluit, P. R. S. Gomes, S. Ueberschaer, A. Maltezos, M. Gaillard, A. Campion, R. Zukanovich Funchal, H. Wahlen, Ariel Goobar, D. Fraissard, K. H. Becks, P. Antilogus, M. E. Veitch, J. Bjarne, W. Klempt, F. Hahn, F. Stichelbaut, R. Mc Kay, Cesare Chiccoli, F. Adami, M. Barranco-Luque, R. Keranen, Philippe Charpentier, Mario Sannino, R. Orava, S. Topp-Jorgensen, Maria Elena Pol, S. Katsanevas, T. A. Filippas, M. Regler, Yu. Sedykh, B. Van Eijk, H. Mueller, J. Dolbeau, P. Folegati, P.S.L. Booth, P. N. Ratoff, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, J. Marco, M. P. Clara, Piotr Zalewski, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DELPHI, Heyd, Yvette, Abreu, P., Adam, W., Canale, Vincenzo, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Width ratio, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Physique des particules élémentaires, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton, Boson
Abstract

Measurements are presented of the cross section ratios Rℓ = σℓ(e+e-→ℓ+ℓ -)/σhh(e+e-→hadrons) for ℓ = e, μ and τ using data taken from a scan around the Z0. The results are Re = (5.09±0.32±0.18)%, Rμ = (4.96±0.35±0.17)% and Rτ,=(4.72±0.38± 0.29)% where, for the ratio Re, the t-channel contribution has been subtracted. These results are consistent with the hypothesis of lepton universality and test this hypothesis at the energy scale s ∼ 8300 GeV2. The absolute cross sections σℓ(e+e-→ℓ +ℓ-) have also been measured. From the cross sections the leptonic partial widths Γe = (83.2±3.0±2.4) MeV, (ΓeΓμ) 1/2=(84.6±3.0±2.4) MeV and (ΓeΓτ) 1/2=(82.6±3.3±3.2) MeV have been extracted. Assuming lepton universality the ratio Γℓ/Γh=(4.89±0.20± 0.12) × 10-2 was obtained, together with Γℓ=(83.6±1.8±2.2) MeV. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be Nv=3.12±0.24±0.25. Al the data are consistent with the predictions of the standard model., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
1990
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23. The Time Response of Glass Resistive Plate Chambers to Heavily Ionizing Particles

Author

A Artamonov, A Blondel, M Bogomilov, C Booth, S Borghi, M G Catanesi, A Cervera–Villanueva, P Chimenti, J Dumarchez, U Gastaldi, S Giani, J J Gómez–Cadenas, J S Graulich, G Grégoire, A Grossheim, A Guglielmi, V Ivanchenko, D Kolev, C Meurer, M Mezzetto, J Panman, S Piperov, B Popov, E Radicioni, R Schroeter, P Temnikov, E Tcherniaev, R Tsenov, I Tsukerman, and C Wiebusch

Subjects
Elastic scattering, Resistive touchscreen, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Materials science, Particle identification methods, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Física, ddc:500.2, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Timing detectors, Particle identification, Momentum, Gaseous detectors, Recoil, Ionization, Particle, DE/dx detectors, Atomic physics, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The HARP system of resistive plate chambers (RPCs) was designed to perform particle identification by the measurement of the difference in the time-of-flight of different particles. In previous papers an apparent discrepancy was shown between the response of the RPCs to minimum ionizing pions and heavily ionizing protons. Using the kinematics of elastic scattering off a hydrogen target a controlled beam of low momentum recoil protons was directed onto the chambers. With this method the trajectory and momentum, and hence the time-of-flight of the protons can be precisely predicted without need for a measurement of momentum of the protons. It is demonstrated that the measurement of the time-of-arrival of particles by the thin gas-gap glass RPC system of the HARP experiment depends on the primary ionization deposited by the particle in the detector., Gzipped tar file with LaTeX source and EPS figures, 14 pages, 10 figures. v2: corrected typos, added missed names in the author list and acknowledgments. Submitted to JINST

Published
2007

24. Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering at the European Spallation Source

Author

D. Baxter, J. I. Collar, P. Coloma, C. E. Dahl, I. Esteban, P. Ferrario, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, M.C. Gonzalez-Garcia, A. R. L. Kavner, C. M. Lewis, F. Monrabal, J. Munõz Vidal, P. Privitera, K. Ramanathan, and J. Renner

Subjects
Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes (experiments), Beyond Standard Model, Electroweak interaction, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently well on its way to completion, will soon provide the most intense neutron beams for multi-disciplinary science. Fortuitously, it will also generate the largest pulsed neutrino flux suitable for the detection of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEνNS), a process recently measured for the first time at ORNL’s Spallation Neutron Source. We describe innovative detector technologies maximally able to profit from the order-of-magnitude increase in neutrino flux provided by the ESS, along with their sensitivity to a rich particle physics phenomenology accessible through high-statistics, precision CEνNS measurements.

Published
2020
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26. The NEXT experiment

Author

J Díaz, N Yahlali, M Ball, J A S Barata, F I G M Borges, E Calvo, S Cárcel, J M Carmona, S Cebrián, A Cervera, X Cid, C A N Conde, T Dafni, T H V T Dias, L M P Fernandes, E Ferrer-Ribas, E D C Freitas, J Galán, A Gil, I Gil, I Giomataris, H Gómez, J J Gómez-Cadenas, F Granena, J A Hernando-Morata, F J Iguaz, I Irastorza, J A M Lopes, D Martínez, C M B Monteiro, J Muñoz-Vidal, C Palomares, M Lázaro, T Lux, G Luzón, J Martín-Albo, F Monrabal, J Morales, F Nova, P Novella, D Nygren, L Ripoll, A Rodríguez, J Ruz, N F Sánchez, F P Santos, J M F Dos Santos, L Serra, M Sorel, L M N Távora, A Tomás, J F C A Veloso, and A Verdugo

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, History, MAJORANA, Xenon, chemistry, Double beta decay, Canfranc Underground Laboratory, chemistry.chemical_element, Neutrino, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract

Neutrinoless double beta decay measurements are the most promising experiments both to reveal the Majorana nature of the neutrino and to set a value for its mass. The NEXT project propose to build a High pressure Xenon TPC in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (Huesca, Spain) to measure double-beta decay of 136Xe, both normal and neutrinoless, with a source mass of 100 kg of enriched xenon.

Published
2009
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27. The NEXT generation of neutrinoless double beta decay experiments

Author

J. J. Gómez Cadenas, J. Martin-Albo, M. Sorel, and J Muñoz Vidal

Subjects
Physics, History, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Canfranc Underground Laboratory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Computer Science Applications, Education, Massless particle, Nuclear physics, MAJORANA, Neutrino detector, Antimatter, Double beta decay, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract

Neutrinos, unlike the other fermions, could be Majorana particles, that is, truly neutral particles identical to their antiparticles. This would have deep consequences in particle physics and cosmology. A unique signature of Majorana neutrinos is the observation of neutrinoless double beta decays (ββ0ν). The discovery of neutrino oscillations — which has shown that neutrinos have masses — and the possible evidence of a ββ0ν signal in the Heildelberg-Moscow experiment have revolutionized the double beta decay comunity. A new generation of experiments with improved sensitivity is currently under design and construction. This paper reviews some of these proposals, with special emphasis in NEXT, that aims at building a 100-kg, high-pressure gas xenon TPC to be hosted in the new Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC), in Spain.

Published
2009
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28. Study of Hadronic decays of the Z$^0$ Boson

Author

M. Nordberg, R. Lauhakangas, M. Gorbics, G. Crosetti, Evgueni Vlasov, Gueorgui Chelkov, M. Sessa, E. Lieb, L. Mathis, B. Grung, Ugo Gasparini, N. Crosland, H. Herr, W. A. Mitaroff, Ariella Cattai, D.Yu. Bardin, N. Dimitriou, N. Yamdagni, A. Sadovsky, J. Drees, Paul Baillon, R. Gokieli, M. Bonapart, Klaus Hamacher, Louis Lyons, Guido Barbiellini, J. Guy, E. Graziani, P. Laurikainen, G. Ekspong, Alexander Lincoln Read, M. Szeptycka, F. Richard, Demetrios Loukas, C. Matteuzzi, O. Ullaland, M. E. Veitch, Giovanni Darbo, F. Couchot, A. Markou, S. Simonetti, George Kalkanis, P. B. Renton, J. Bjarne, Tim Adye, S. Gumenyuk, S. J. Alvsvaag, M. Hahn, Phillip Allport, U. Trevisan, S. Almehed, Th. D. Papadopoulou, M. Ellila, J. Dolbeau, D. C. Fries, Guenakh Mitselmakher, P. Antilogus, Evangelos Gazis, W.S.C. Williams, P. Folegati, P.S.L. Booth, P. N. Ratoff, P. Negri, V. Ruhlmann, J. Joensuu, J. Skeens, B. Franek, C. Pinori, Tiziano Rovelli, M. Cresti, E. C. Katsoufis, Marta Calvi, G. Stavropoulos, V. Chorowicz, G. Rinaudo, E. Menichetti, S. Gawne, José Salt, F. Hahn, Stefano Ragazzi, Roland Horisberger, M. Mur, L. Bugge, J.H. Bibby, A. J. Camacho Rozas, D. Z. Toet, Charles Bricman, L. Tkachev, P. Abreu, P. Borgeaud, G. Kantardjian, P. Branchini, C. Gaspar, M. Gaillard, Geoffrey Smith, F. Simonetto, H. Schneider, M. Dracos, M. Fernandez Alonso, J.M. Noppe, T. Buran, J.B.M. Pattison, C. Poiret, M. Jonker, Göran Jarlskog, S. Nounos, A. Letessier-Selvon, Mogens Dam, J. P. Engel, V. Obraztsov, H. Forsbach, G. Polok, O.A. Maeland, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, A. B. Fenyuk, G. Zhang, G. Damgaard, A. Tilquin, S. Du, G. Leder, M. P. Clara, G. W. Van Apeldoorn, E. Sundell, W. D. Apel, Luca Tortora, I. Roncagliolo, R. Lucock, O. Pingot, Luc Pape, F. Stichelbaut, R. Mc Kay, H. Hofmann, V. Lepeltier, E. Castelli, L. Ventura, G. Galeazzi, A. Ferrer, E. K. Johansson, C. Bosio, B. Åsman, D. Crennell, F. Mandl, P. Beltran, Paolo Checchia, G. Smadja, E. Lillestöl, D. Husson, G. Hamel de Monchenault, Josef Strauss, P. Herquet, P. Adrianos, C. J. Beeston, A. Pinsent, Håkan T Johansson, E. Zevgolatakos, R. Contri, Francesca Romana Cavallo, Mitchell Wayne, B. Lavigne, M. Turala, G. Vegni, Olga Botner, Krzysztof Korcyl, Ph. Gavillet, S. Squarcia, V. Gracco, Maria Elena Pol, S. Katsanevas, W. Venus, M. Regler, Cesare Chiccoli, M. Mazzucato, P. Szymanski, A. G. Frodesen, J. P. Gerber, A. Sebastia, S. Palma Lopes, S. Quinton, G. Wormser, W. Kucewicz, N. Bingefors, Panos Kostarakis, M.-H. Gros, Manolis Dris, P. Roudeau, H. Foeth, B. Koene, S. Braibant, V. V. Lapin, E. Vela, J. Velasco, H. Saarikko, Tord Ekelof, H. Staeck, F. Adami, M. Barranco-Luque, Hans Muller, R. Sekulin, K. W. Glitza, B. Korzen, T. Moa, G. Maehlum, Z. Hajduk, S. Barlag, Maciej Górski, P. N. Bogolubov, R. Keranen, Philippe Charpentier, K. Spang, L. Cerrito, K. Rybicki, R.B. Kadyrov, P. Privitera, E. Sanchis, E. Lillethun, J. Barlow, G. Borisov, B. Goret, M. Baubillier, G. B. Chadwick, C. De Clercq, J. Pagot, Yu. Sedykh, M. A. Houlden, M. Pernicka, Piotr Zalewski, U. Kruener-Marquis, Paolo Ronchese, K. Moenig, E. Fokitis, G. D. Alekseev, R. Llosa, B. Van Eijk, A.N. Diddens, P. Siegrist, Jesus Marco, H. Mueller, F. Rossel, M. Davenport, A. Campion, A. Hakansson, E. Dahl-Jensen, Tuure Tuuva, B. Loerstad, R. Strub, J. E. Campagne, I. A. Tyapkin, Jerzy Michalowski, C. Stanescu, R. Downs, Craig Buttar, M. Koratzinos, A. De Angelis, G. Petrucci, J. E. Augustin, D. Langerveld, B. W. Heck, C. Vander Velde, Paolo Morettini, D. Delikaris, A. M. Zaitsev, N. van Eijndhoven, S. Cairanti, J. Werner, H. J. Hilke, L. Viseu Melo, H. Burmeister, D. Sacco, V. Vrba, J. G. Loken, Didier Imbault, C. Lambropoulos, Ugo Amaldi, V. Castillo Gimenez, P. V. Chliapnikov, R. Zukanovich Funchal, Marc Winter, J. M. Yelton, W. Bell, M. Mc Cubbin, K. Hultqvist, P. Kokkinias, Daniel Bloch, A. S. Vodopianov, L. Mattsson, Mario Sannino, Andrea Perrotta, J. Krstic, M. A. Lopez Aguera, Ahmimed Ouraou, V.M. Golovatyuk, V.A. Uvarov, Robert S. Brown, J. Mas, A. Hrisoho, N. I. Zimin, K. Pakonski, G. Sette, F. Bianchi, L.S. Curwen, C. Troncon, H. Wahlen, Ariel Goobar, R. Orava, Fernand Grard, P. Vaz, N. Brummer, M. Tyndel, Wolfgang Adam, J.F. Genat, T. Kreuzberger, J.C. Raoul, G. Goujon, W. Van Doninck, J-C. Marin, P. Queru, L. Guglielmi, Maria Roberta Monge, A. Zalewska, S. Topp-Jorgensen, J.-P. Vanuxem, J.C. Le Grand, Kjell Fransson, M. Innocente, R. Pain, O. Barring, W. H. Range, B. Bouquet, W. T. Meyer, Jacques Lemonne, S. Maltezos, D. Fraissard, K. H. Becks, C. Kourkoumelis, J. Pyyhtia, R. Rongved, D. Bollini, J. Haissinski, H. Lebbolo, M. Kopf, A. Passeri, Patrick Jarry, V. Falaleev, A. Romero, Daniel Treille, T. Odegaard, P. Van Dam, M. Schaeffer, P. Billoir, F. Astesan, J. N. Jackson, C.W. Salgado, S. Biagi, H. P. Borner, P. Weilhammer, A.M. Romaya, S. Haider, J.V. Allaby, D. Vilanova, C. Caso, Renato Turchetta, R. Zitoun, M. Passeneau, F. Fulda-Quenzer, C. De La Vaissiere, P. Spentzouris, S. Ferroni, B. Jean-Marie, B.D. Hyams, B. Kisielewski, P. Aarnio, J. M. Brunet, E. I. Rosenberg, Pawel Jalocha, Barry King, K. Kurvinen, C. Brand, R. Frühwirth, R. Ragazzon, J. Timmermans, M. De Beer, M. Pegoraro, J. Maillard, R. Dzhelyadin, Chiara Meroni, G. Tristram, Paula Eerola, T. Pettersen, Jose M. Benlloch, A. Grant, D.N. Edwards, M. Boratav, M.I. Laakso, Hans Dijkstra, J. Perez, Y. Sacquin, V. Perevozchikov, Tiziano Camporesi, G. E. Kalmus, T. Bolognese, J. Cuevas Maestro, H. B. Crawley, A. Baroncelli, N. G. Redaelli, Marco Bozzo, A. Firestone, P. Frenkiel, P. Ioannou, F. Waldner, K. D. Brand, C. Walck, Stefaan Tavernier, M. Vollmer, D. Bertrand, I. Kontaxis, M. S. Bilenky, L.J. Carroll, G. Lenzen, A. A. Rademakers, R. Moeller, S. O. Holmgren, L. S. Vertogradov, T.K. Truong, B. Grossetete, Allan Hallgren, Giovanni Valenti, M. Flinn, V. Lapchine, L. O. Eek, R. C. Shellard, Josef Hrubec, A. M. Segar, G. Kuhn, P. S. Iversen, F. Fontanelli, C. Astor Ferreres, P. Lorenz, M.V. Reis, G.P. Barreira, B. Lund-Jensen, Roberto Cirio, H. Palka, G. Skjevling, M. L. Turluer, D. Reid, F. Barao, I. Belokopytov, L. K. Resvanis, M. Zito, E. Anassontzis, Katri Huitu, E. Higon, R. Seufert, F. Scuri, Gianni Zumerle, A. M. Wetherell, L. Lanceri, L. Di Ciaccio, P. Poropat, I. Lippi, Andre Augustinus, Massimo Caccia, E.N. Tsyganov, J. H. Wickens, W. Dulinski, B. Muryn, Jose Luis Contreras, Vladimir Nikolaenko, P. Juillot, F. Djama, J.A. Lidbury, M. Berggren, A. Klovning, D. Radojicic, J.P. Grillet, Joao Varela, U. Mjoernmark, P. R. S. Gomes, S. Ueberschaer, F. Udo, P. Lutz, A. Maltezos, Paolo Pasini, J. J. Hernandez, P. O. Hulth, P. Delpierre, E. Daubie, G. Myatt, J.M. Gago, Jan Krolikowski, N. N. Khovanski, W. Bartl, M. Nigro, B. Dalmagne, Laurent Chevalier, K. Woschnagg, G. Gopal, Milos Lokajicek, J. Kesteman, F. J. Harris, A.K. Topphol, J. E. Hooper, E. J. Sanchez, G. Matthiae, V. Canale, M. J. Bates, R. Sosnowski, V. G. Timofeev, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, T. Spassov, D. Gamba, G. Voulgaris, Sverker Johansson, I. Herbst, T.A. Fillipas, M. Voutilainen, G. Grosdidier, A. Samarin, M. Crozon, Juan Fuster, A. Ruiz, A. Pullia, A. N. Sissakian, Eleuterio Spiriti, W. Klempt, H. G. Fischer, T. Hofmokl, Marek Szczekowski, E. Tcherniaev, E. Rosso, H. Klein, J. P. Laugier, Peter M. Allen, M. Pimenta, B. A. Khomenko, N. De Groot, A. Stocchi, Francesco Navarria, M. Nonni, Borge Svane Nielsen, M. H. Gros, G. Cabras, Krzysztof Doroba, Jan Buytaert, D. Benedic, G. E. Theodosiou, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DELPHI, Abreu, P., Adam, W., Canale, Vincenzo, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Aarnio, P, Abreu, P, Adam, W, Adami, F, Adrianos, P, Adye, T, Alekseev, G, Allaby, J, Allen, P, Allport, P, Almehed, S, Alvsvaag, S, Amaldi, U, Anassontzis, E, Antilogus, P, Apel, W, Asman, B, Astesan, F, Astor Ferreres, C, Augustin, J, Augustinus, A, Baillon, P, Barao, F, Barbiellini, G, Bardin, D, Barlag, S, Barlow, J, Baroncelli, A, Barranco-Luque, M, Barreira, G, Barring, O, Bartl, W, Bates, M, Baubillier, M, Becks, K, Beeston, C, Bell, W, Belokopytov, I, Beltran, P, Benedic, D, Benlloch, J, Berggren, M, Bertrand, D, Biagi, S, Bianchi, F, Bibby, J, Bilenky, M, Billoir, P, Bingefors, N, Bjarne, J, Bloch, D, Bogolubov, P, Bollini, D, Bolognese, T, Bonapart, M, Booth, P, Boratav, M, Borgeaud, P, Borisov, G, Borner, H, Bosio, C, Botner, O, Bouquet, B, Bozzo, M, Braibant, S, Branchini, P, Brand, C, Brand, K, Bricman, C, Brown, R, Brummer, N, Brunet, J, Bugge, L, Buran, T, Burmeister, H, Buttar, C, Buytaert, J, Cabras, G, Caccia, M, Cairanti, S, Calvi, M, Camacho Rozas, A, Campagne, J, Campion, A, Camporesi, T, Canale, V, Carroll, L, Caso, C, Castelli, E, Castillo Gimenez, V, Cattai, A, Cavallo, F, Cerrito, L, Chadwick, G, Charpentier, P, Checchia, P, Chelkov, G, Chevalier, L, Chiccoli, C, Chliapnikov, P, Chorowicz, V, Cirio, R, Clara, M, Contreras, J, Contri, R, Couchot, F, Crawley, H, Crennell, D, Cresti, M, Crosetti, G, Crosland, N, Crozon, M, Cuevas Maestro, J, Curwen, L, Dahl-Jensen, E, D'Almagne, B, Dam, M, Damgaard, G, Darbo, G, Daubie, E, Davenport, M, De Angelis, A, De Beer, M, De Clercq, C, De Groot, N, De La Vaissiere, C, Delikaris, D, Delpierre, P, Di Ciaccio, L, Diddens, A, Dijkstra, H, Dimitriou, N, Djama, F, Dolbeau, J, Doroba, K, Downs, R, Dracos, M, Drees, J, Dris, M, Du, S, Dulinski, W, Dzhelyadin, R, Edwards, D, Eek, L, Eerola, P, Ekelof, T, Ekspong, G, Ellila, M, Engel, J, Falaleev, V, Fenyuk, A, Fernandez Alonso, M, Ferrer, A, Ferroni, S, Fillipas, T, Firestone, A, Fischer, H, Flinn, M, Foeth, H, Fokitis, E, Folegati, P, Fontanelli, F, Forsbach, H, Fraissard, D, Franek, B, Fransson, K, Frenkiel, P, Fries, D, Frodesen, A, Fruhwirth, R, Fulda-Quenzer, F, Fuster, J, Gago, J, Gaillard, M, Galeazzi, G, Gamba, D, Gaspar, C, Gasparini, U, Gavillet, P, Gawne, S, Gazis, E, Genat, J, Gerber, J, Glitza, K, Gokieli, R, Golovatyuk, V, Gomes, P, Gomez Y Cadenas, J, Goobar, A, Gopal, G, Gorbics, M, Goret, B, Gorski, M, Goujon, G, Gracco, V, Grant, A, Grard, F, Graziani, E, Grillet, J, Gros, M, Grosdidier, G, Grossetete, B, Grung, B, Guglielmi, L, Gumenyuk, S, Guy, J, Hahn, F, Hahn, M, Haider, S, Haissinski, J, Hajduk, Z, Hakansson, A, Hallgren, A, Hamacher, K, Hamel De Monchenault, G, Harris, F, Heck, B, Herbst, I, Hernandez, J, Herquet, P, Herr, H, Higon, E, Hilke, H, Hofmann, H, Hofmokl, T, Holmgren, S, Hooper, J, Horisberger, R, Houlden, M, Hrisoho, A, Hrubec, J, Huitu, K, Hulth, P, Hultqvist, K, Husson, D, Hyams, B, Imbault, D, Innocente, M, Ioannou, P, Iversen, P, Jackson, J, Jalocha, P, Jarlskog, G, Jarry, P, Jean-Marie, B, Joensuu, J, Johansson, E, Johansson, H, Johansson, S, Jonker, M, Juillot, P, Kadyrov, R, Kalkanis, G, Kalmus, G, Kantardjian, G, Katsanevas, S, Katsoufis, E, Keranen, R, Kesteman, J, Khomenko, B, Khovanski, N, King, B, Kisielewski, B, Klein, H, Klempt, W, Klovning, A, Koene, B, Kokkinias, P, Kontaxis, I, Kopf, M, Koratzinos, M, Korcyl, K, Korzen, B, Kostarakis, P, Kourkoumelis, C, Kreuzberger, T, Krolikowski, J, Krstic, J, Kruener-Marquis, U, Kucewicz, W, Kuhn, G, Kurvinen, K, Laakso, M, Lambropoulos, C, Lanceri, L, Langerveld, D, Lapchine, V, Lapin, V, Laugier, J, Lauhakangas, R, Laurikainen, P, Lavigne, B, Le Grand, J, Lebbolo, H, Leder, G, Lemonne, J, Lenzen, G, Lepeltier, V, Letessier-Selvon, A, Lidbury, J, Lieb, E, Lillestol, E, Lillethun, E, Lippi, I, Llosa, R, Loerstad, B, Lokajicek, M, Loken, J, Lopez Aguera, M, Lorenz, P, Loukas, D, Lucock, R, Lund-Jensen, B, Lutz, P, Lyons, L, Maehlum, G, Maeland, O, Maillard, J, Maltezos, A, Maltezos, S, Mandl, F, Marco, J, Marin, J, Markou, A, Mas, J, Mathis, L, Matteuzzi, C, Matthiae, G, Mattsson, L, Mazzucato, M, Mc Cubbin, M, Mc Kay, R, Menichetti, E, Meroni, C, Meyer, W, Michalowski, J, Mitaroff, W, Mitselmakher, G, Mjoernmark, U, Moa, T, Moeller, R, Moenig, K, Monge, M, Morettini, P, Mueller, H, Muller, H, Mur, M, Muryn, B, Myatt, G, Navarria, F, Negri, P, Nielsen, B, Nigro, M, Nikolaenko, V, Nonni, M, Noppe, J, Nordberg, M, Nounos, S, Obraztsov, V, Odegaard, T, Orava, R, Ouraou, A, Pagot, J, Pain, R, Pakonski, K, Palka, H, Palma Lopes, S, Papadopoulou, T, Pape, L, Pasini, P, Passeneau, M, Passeri, A, Pattison, J, Pegoraro, M, Perevozchikov, V, Perez, J, Pernicka, M, Perrotta, A, Petrucci, G, Pettersen, T, Pimenta, M, Pingot, O, Pinori, C, Pinsent, A, Poiret, C, Pol, M, Polok, G, Poropat, P, Privitera, P, Pullia, A, Pyyhtia, J, Queru, P, Quinton, S, Rademakers, A, Radojicic, D, Ragazzi, S, Ragazzon, R, Range, W, Raoul, J, Ratoff, P, Read, A, Redaelli, N, Regler, M, Reid, D, Reis, M, Renton, P, Resvanis, L, Richard, F, Rinaudo, G, Romaya, A, Romero, A, Roncagliolo, I, Ronchese, P, Rongved, R, Rosenberg, E, Rossel, F, Rosso, E, Roudeau, P, Rovelli, T, Ruhlmann, V, Ruiz, A, Rybicki, K, Saarikko, H, Sacco, D, Sacquin, Y, Sadovsky, A, Salgado, C, Salt, J, Samarin, A, Sanchez, E, Sanchis, E, Sannino, M, Schaeffer, M, Schneider, H, Scuri, F, Sebastia, A, Sedykh, Y, Segar, A, Sekulin, R, Sessa, M, Sette, G, Seufert, R, Shellard, R, Siegrist, P, Simonetti, S, Simonetto, F, Sissakian, A, Skaali, T, Skeens, J, Skjevling, G, Smadja, G, Smith, G, Sosnowski, R, Spang, K, Spassov, T, Spentzouris, P, Spiriti, E, Squarcia, S, Staeck, H, Stanescu, C, Stavropoulos, G, Stichelbaut, F, Stocchi, A, Strauss, J, Strub, R, Sundell, E, Szczekowski, M, Szeptycka, M, Szymanski, P, Tavernier, S, Tcherniaev, E, Theodosiou, G, Tilquin, A, Timmermans, J, Timofeev, V, Tkachev, L, Toet, D, Topp-Jorgensen, S, Topphol, A, Tortora, L, Treille, D, Trevisan, U, Tristram, G, Troncon, C, Truong, T, Tsyganov, E, Turala, M, Turchetta, R, Turluer, M, Tuuva, T, Tyapkin, I, Tyndel, M, Udo, F, Ueberschaer, S, Ullaland, O, Uvarov, V, Valenti, G, Van Apeldoorn, G, Van Dam, P, Van Doninck, W, Van Eijk, B, Van Eijndhoven, N, Vander Velde, C, Vanuxem, J, Varela, J, Vaz, P, Vegni, G, Veitch, M, Vela, E, Velasco, J, Ventura, L, Venus, W, Vertogradov, L, Vilanova, D, Viseu Melo, L, Vlasov, E, Vodopianov, A, Vollmer, M, Voulgaris, G, Voutilainen, M, Vrba, V, Wahlen, H, Walck, C, Waldner, F, Wayne, M, Weilhammer, P, Werner, J, Wetherell, A, Wickens, J, Williams, W, Winter, M, Wormser, G, Woschnagg, K, Yamdagni, N, Yelton, J, Zaitsev, A, Zalewska, A, Zalewski, P, Zevgolatakos, E, Zhang, G, Zimin, N, Zito, M, Zitoun, R, Zukanovich Funchal, R, and Zumerle, G

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, Lower energy, Sphericity, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Minor (value), Multiplicity (chemistry), 010306 general physics, Particle Physics - Experiment, Boson
Abstract

Hadronic decays of Z 0 bosons are studied in the Delphi detector. Global event variables and singel particles inclusive distributions are compared with QCD-based predictions. The mean charged multiplicity is found to be 20.6±1.0 (stat+syst). The mean values of the sphericity, aplanarity, thrust, minor value, p in T and p out T are compared with values found at lower energy e + e − colliders.

Published
1990

29. Components-based software in the HARP PS214 experiment at CERN

Author

J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, S. Giani, M. G. Catanesi, P. Arce, Malcolm Ellis, E. Radicioni, I.M. Papadopoulos, and J. Panman

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, computer.software_genre, Software, Software sizing, Component-based software engineering, Software construction, Operating system, Software verification and validation, Software system, business, Software measurement, computer, HARP

30. Present Status and Future Perspectives of the NEXT Experiment

Author

J. J. Gómez Cadenas, V. Álvarez, F. I. G. Borges, S. Cárcel, J. Castel, S. Cebrián, A. Cervera, C. A. N. Conde, T. Dafni, T. H. V. T. Dias, J. Díaz, M. Egorov, R. Esteve, P. Evtoukhovitch, L. M. P. Fernandes, P. Ferrario, A. L. Ferreira, E. D. C. Freitas, V. M. Gehman, A. Gil, A. Goldschmidt, H. Gómez, D. González-Díaz, R. M. Gutiérrez, J. Hauptman, J. A. Hernando Morata, D. C. Herrera, F. J. Iguaz, I. G. Irastorza, M. A. Jinete, L. Labarga, A. Laing, I. Liubarsky, J. A. M. Lopes, D. Lorca, M. Losada, G. Luzón, A. Marí, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, T. Miller, A. Moiseenko, F. Monrabal, M. Monserrate, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, L. M. Moutinho, J. Muñoz Vidal, H. Natal da Luz, G. Navarro, M. Nebot-Guinot, D. Nygren, C. A. B. Oliveira, R. Palma, Javier Pérez, J. L. Pérez-Aparicio, J. Renner, L. Ripoll, A. Rodríguez, J. Rodríguez, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, L. Seguí, L. Serra, D. Shuman, A. Simón, C. Sofka, M. Sorel, J. F. Toledo, A. Tomás, J. Torrent, Z. Tsamalaidze, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. A. Villar, R. Webb, J. White, and N. Yahlali

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

NEXT is an experiment dedicated to neutrinoless double beta decay searches in xenon. The detector is a TPC, holding 100 kg of high-pressure xenon enriched in the 136Xe isotope. It is under construction in the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc in Spain, and it will begin operations in 2015. The NEXT detector concept provides an energy resolutionbetter than 1% FWHM and a topological signal that can be used to reduce the background. Furthermore, the NEXT technology can be extrapolated to a 1 ton-scale experiment.

Published
2014
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31. Toroidal magnetized iron neutrino detector for a neutrino factory

Author

A. Bross, R. Wands, R. Bayes, A. Laing, F. J. P. Soler, A. Cervera Villanueva, T. Ghosh, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, P. Hernández, J. Martín-Albo, and J. Burguet-Castell

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

A neutrino factory has unparalleled physics reach for the discovery and measurement of CP violation in the neutrino sector. A far detector for a neutrino factory must have good charge identification with excellent background rejection and a large mass. An elegant solution is to construct a magnetized iron neutrino detector (MIND) along the lines of MINOS, where iron plates provide a toroidal magnetic field and scintillator planes provide 3D space points. In this paper, the current status of a simulation of a toroidal MIND for a neutrino factory is discussed in light of the recent measurements of large θ_{13}. The response and performance using the 10 GeV neutrino factory configuration are presented. It is shown that this setup has equivalent δ_{CP} reach to a MIND with a dipole field and is sensitive to the discovery of CP violation over 85% of the values of δ_{CP}.

Published
2013
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32. High intensity neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe

Author

T. R. Edgecock, O. Caretta, T. Davenne, C. Densam, M. Fitton, D. Kelliher, P. Loveridge, S. Machida, C. Prior, C. Rogers, M. Rooney, J. Thomason, D. Wilcox, E. Wildner, I. Efthymiopoulos, R. Garoby, S. Gilardoni, C. Hansen, E. Benedetto, E. Jensen, A. Kosmicki, M. Martini, J. Osborne, G. Prior, T. Stora, T. Melo Mendonca, V. Vlachoudis, C. Waaijer, P. Cupial, A. Chancé, A. Longhin, J. Payet, M. Zito, E. Baussan, C. Bobeth, E. Bouquerel, M. Dracos, G. Gaudiot, B. Lepers, F. Osswald, P. Poussot, N. Vassilopoulos, J. Wurtz, V. Zeter, J. Bielski, M. Kozien, L. Lacny, B. Skoczen, B. Szybinski, A. Ustrzycka, A. Wroblewski, M. Marie-Jeanne, P. Balint, C. Fourel, J. Giraud, J. Jacob, T. Lamy, L. Latrasse, P. Sortais, T. Thuillier, S. Mitrofanov, M. Loiselet, Th. Keutgen, Th. Delbar, F. Debray, C. Trophine, S. Veys, C. Daversin, V. Zorin, I. Izotov, V. Skalyga, G. Burt, A. C. Dexter, V. L. Kravchuk, T. Marchi, M. Cinausero, F. Gramegna, G. De Angelis, G. Prete, G. Collazuol, M. Laveder, M. Mazzocco, M. Mezzetto, C. Signorini, E. Vardaci, A. Di Nitto, A. Brondi, G. La Rana, P. Migliozzi, R. Moro, V. Palladino, N. Gelli, D. Berkovits, M. Hass, T. Y. Hirsh, M. Schaumann, A. Stahl, J. Wehner, A. Bross, J. Kopp, D. Neuffer, R. Wands, R. Bayes, A. Laing, P. Soler, S. K. Agarwalla, A. Cervera Villanueva, A. Donini, T. Ghosh, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, P. Hernández, J. Martín-Albo, O. Mena, J. Burguet-Castell, L. Agostino, M. Buizza-Avanzini, M. Marafini, T. Patzak, A. Tonazzo, D. Duchesneau, L. Mosca, M. Bogomilov, Y. Karadzhov, R. Matev, R. Tsenov, E. Akhmedov, M. Blennow, M. Lindner, T. Schwetz, E. Fernández Martinez, M. Maltoni, J. Menéndez, C. Giunti, M. C. González García, J. Salvado, P. Coloma, P. Huber, T. Li, J. López Pavón, C. Orme, S. Pascoli, D. Meloni, J. Tang, W. Winter, T. Ohlsson, H. Zhang, L. Scotto-Lavina, F. Terranova, M. Bonesini, L. Tortora, A. Alekou, M. Aslaninejad, C. Bontoiu, A. Kurup, L. J. Jenner, K. Long, J. Pasternak, J. Pozimski, J. J. Back, P. Harrison, K. Beard, A. Bogacz, J. S. Berg, D. Stratakis, H. Witte, P. Snopok, N. Bliss, M. Cordwell, A. Moss, S. Pattalwar, and M. Apollonio

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

The EUROnu project has studied three possible options for future, high intensity neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe. The first is a Super Beam, in which the neutrinos come from the decay of pions created by bombarding targets with a 4 MW proton beam from the CERN High Power Superconducting Proton Linac. The far detector for this facility is the 500 kt MEMPHYS water Cherenkov, located in the Fréjus tunnel. The second facility is the Neutrino Factory, in which the neutrinos come from the decay of μ^{+} and μ^{-} beams in a storage ring. The far detector in this case is a 100 kt magnetized iron neutrino detector at a baseline of 2000 km. The third option is a Beta Beam, in which the neutrinos come from the decay of beta emitting isotopes, in particular ^{6}He and ^{18}Ne, also stored in a ring. The far detector is also the MEMPHYS detector in the Fréjus tunnel. EUROnu has undertaken conceptual designs of these facilities and studied the performance of the detectors. Based on this, it has determined the physics reach of each facility, in particular for the measurement of CP violation in the lepton sector, and estimated the cost of construction. These have demonstrated that the best facility to build is the Neutrino Factory. However, if a powerful proton driver is constructed for another purpose or if the MEMPHYS detector is built for astroparticle physics, the Super Beam also becomes very attractive.

Published
2013
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