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Abstract Assessments of ecosystem service and function losses of wetlandscapes (i.e., wetlands and their hydrological catchments) suffer from knowledge gaps regarding impacts of ongoing hydro-climatic change. This study investigates hydro-climatic changes during 1976–2015 in 25 wetlandscapes distributed across the world’s tropical, arid, temperate and cold climate zones. Results show that the wetlandscapes were subject to precipitation (P) and temperature (T) changes consistent with mean changes over the world’s land area. However, arid and cold wetlandscapes experienced higher T increases than their respective climate zone. Also, average P decreased in arid and cold wetlandscapes, contrarily to P of arid and cold climate zones, suggesting that these wetlandscapes are located in regions of elevated climate pressures. For most wetlandscapes with available runoff (R) data, the decreases were larger in R than in P, which was attributed to aggravation of climate change impacts by enhanced evapotranspiration losses, e.g. caused by land-use changes.

Introduction Aripiprazole (ARI) is an atypical antipsychotic drug with D2 partial agonist properties, usually prescribed to treat mood disorders (major depression or bipolar disorder) and schizophrenic disorder (schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder). Dopamine receptor agonists, as is ARI, have been implicated in some cases of impulse-control problems, such as gambling disorder (GD), increased spending, hypersexuality and compulsive eating. Objectives Currently, it is hypothesized that aripiprazole may cause impulse-control problems because it can produce a hyperdopaminergic state in the mesolimbic pathway (reward system) through its predominant action on dopamine D3 receptors. We intend to do a non-systematic review of the scientific information regarding this subject. Methods The authors revised the published literature about this topic, selecting relevant articles, systematic reviews and case reports, with the topic words: “aripiprazol”, “gambling disorder” and “dopamine receptor” in scientific data base. Results Overall, a few cases of ARI-induced pathological gambling as well as ARI-induced hypersexuality have been reported. In one study it was verified that comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders were common among those who have experienced GD or worsened GD after beginning ARI treatment. In another study, it was verified that the group of patients who reported this alleged side-effect were mostly young (mean age, 33.6 years), mostly men (88.2%) and most lived alone. Conclusions Attributing to dopamine agonists the only factor that can explain the onset of GD is simplistic and dangerous. Many other potential risk factors, including individual vulnerability factors (temperament, genetics) as well as environmental factors, must be considered. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Introduction The most recent global refugee figures are staggering, with over 82.4 million people forcibly displaced as a result of persecution, conflict, violence, human rights violations. However, little is known about their long-term mental health. Objectives This review aimed to assess prevalence of mental disorders and to identify the main factors associated with the development of mental disorders among refugees. Methods We searched MEDLINE databases using the key terms “refugees” and “global mental health” without language or date restriction. Articles were considered for inclusion in the review if they comprised a population of refugees. Three studies were identified. Results Our review showed a great heterogeneity in the prevalence of mental disorders that affect migrants showing an overall prevalence of 20% of these pathologies among them. War-related factors are more associated with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and post-migration-related factors (acculturation, economic uncertainty and ethnic discrimination) are more associated with mood, anxiety and substance use disorders. Conclusions Existing evidence suggests that mental disorders tend to be highly prevalent in refugees many years after resettlement. The increased risk is not only caused by the past adversities in the country of origin but also by the post-migration-related factors. Thus, there is a need for more consistent and rigorous research from a methodological point of view on the mental health of refugees, allowing to find measures to protect and promote their mental health. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Introduction Nitrous oxide (NO), also known as “laughing gas” is a colorless gas used as an anesthetic, a propellant in some foods, an engine performance enhancer and a recreational drug. When inhaled, it is known to provoke a rapid feeling of euphoria or excitement for a short period of time, dissociative phenomena and sometimes laughter. As its fellow anesthetic agent and NMDA-receptor antagonist, ketamine, NO is being studied for its possible therapeutic profile in treatment resistant major depression (TRMD). Objectives TRMD is a serious illness, that urges for effective alternative treatments. In that regard, we explored the recent studies conducted in these patients, using NO in different dosages when compared to placebo. Methods The authors revised the published literature about this topic, selecting relevant articles with the topic words: “Depression”, “Treatment Resistant Major Depression” and “Nitrous Oxide” in scientific data base. Results Since 2018, at least two randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that NO has considerable antidepressant effects in TRMD, when compared to placebo. Investigators noted that these positive effects where maintained at least for two weeks after a single 1-hour inhalation. In a more recent study, scientists compared different NO concentrations (25% vs. 50%) concluding that the 25% concentration had similar efficacy with a lower risk of adverse effects. Conclusions There appears to be encouraging results when treating patients with TRMD with NO in a 25% concentration. Nonetheless, there is need for further investigation, namely through studies that compare NO with other valid TRMD treatments and not only versus placebo. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown brought about a sense of fear and anxiety around the globe. This phenomenon led to both short and long term psychosocial and mental health implications for children and adolescents. Objectives To evaluate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions for suicidal ideation in a Portuguese adolescent and young adult psychiatry service. Methods We conducted a single-center, retrospective study including adolescent and young adult patients (15-25 years old) admitted to our service with suicidal ideation within a year before and a year after the declaration date of SARS-CoV-2 disease as a pandemic. Patients were divided in two groups: Group A - patients admitted before the pandemic (March 11, 2019 and March 11, 2020) and Group B – patients admitted after the pandemic declaration (March 12, 2020 and March 12, 2021). The groups characteristics and outcomes were assessed and compared. Results A total of 647 admissions were assessed (Group A, n= 372 and Group B, n=275). Demographic characteristics were similar between groups. 75 patients (vs 25 patients) were admitted with suicidal ideation in the year before the pandemic. There was a lower proportion of patients admitted with suicidal ideation during the year after the pandemic year - OR 0.374 (95% CI 0.228-0.614, P

Geography and associated hydrological, hydroclimate and land-use conditions and their changes determine the states and dynamics of wetlands and their ecosystem services. The influences of these controls are not limited to just the local scale of each individual wetland but extend over larger landscape areas that integrate multiple wetlands and their total hydrological catchment – the wetlandscape. However, the data and knowledge of conditions and changes over entire wetlandscapes are still scarce, limiting the capacity to accurately understand and manage critical wetland ecosystems and their services under global change. We present a new Wetlandscape Change Information Database (WetCID), consisting of geographic, hydrological, hydroclimate and land-use information and data for 27 wetlandscapes around the world. This combines survey-based local information with geographic shapefiles and gridded datasets of large-scale hydroclimate and land-use conditions and their changes over whole wetlandscapes. Temporally, WetCID contains 30-year time series of data for mean monthly precipitation and temperature and annual land-use conditions. The survey-based site information includes local knowledge on the wetlands, hydrology, hydroclimate and land uses within each wetlandscape and on the availability and accessibility of associated local data. This novel database (available through PANGAEA https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.907398; Ghajarnia et al., 2019) can support site assessments; cross-regional comparisons; and scenario analyses of the roles and impacts of land use, hydroclimatic and wetland conditions, and changes in whole-wetlandscape functions and ecosystem services.

El presente artículo surge con el objetivo de analizar los efectos de la celebración de un evento deportivo en una localidad. En concreto, se presta atención al impacto económico de la celebración en el municipio de Pontevedra del XXI Campeonato de España “Open” de Invierno de Natación Master de Natación en febrero de 2015. Paralelamente se analiza el perfil de los asistentes a dicho evento desde un punto de vista del perfil de “turista deportivo” a partir de la realización de una encuesta específica para el evento.

Purpose. To compare the characteristics of asymmetric keratoconic eyes and normal eyes by Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) corneal mapping. Methods. Retrospective corneal and epithelial thickness OCT data for 74 patients were compared in three groups of eyes: keratoconic (n=22) and normal fellow eyes (n=22) in patients with asymmetric keratoconus and normal eyes (n=104) in healthy subjects. Areas under the curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves for each variable were compared across groups to indicate their discrimination capacity. Results. Three variables were found to differ significantly between fellow eyes and normal eyes (all p

Analizamos nuestra experiencia inicial en el implante de una prótesis valvular aórtica por vía transapical en pacientes con estenosis aórtica grave no subsidiarios de cirugía convencional. Material y métodos: De noviembre de 2008 a enero de 2010 fueron intervenidos 22 pacientes (21 con estenosis valvular aórtica nativa y uno con una prótesis biológica degenerada). La mediana de edad era 83 años (RI: 81-86). El 64% presentaba disnea de mínimos esfuerzos o de reposo, y hasta el 50% insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva. La mediana del EuroSCORE logístico fue 11,28% (RI: 9,72-15,08). En cinco casos se observó aorta en porcelana. La media del área valvular aórtica era 0,72 ±0,18 cm2. Resultados: Se logró un anclaje correcto de la prótesis en el 86, 4% de los casos. Un paciente precisó conversión a cirugía convencional tras migración de la prótesis al ventrículo izquierdo. Las principales complicaciones postoperatorias fueron: síndrome de bajo gasto (2 casos, siendo uno exitus), accidente cerebrovascular (2 casos), sangrado diferido a nivel del ápex (1 caso) e implante de marcapasos definitivo por bloqueo auriculoventricular completo (1 caso). La mortalidad a los 30 días de la cirugía fue 4,5%. La media del área valvular aórtica postoperatoria fue 1,8 ± 0,37 cm2, y del gradiente transprotésico medio 11,02 ± 5,6 mmHg. La supervivencia actuarial a los 6 y 12 meses fue 90,2 ± 6,6% y 74,9 ± 11,3%, respectivamente. El 94,4% de los supervivientes se encuentran en clase funcional New York Heart Association (NYHA) I-II (mediana de seguimiento: 9,2 meses). Conclusiones: el abordaje transapical se muestra como un tratamiento factible. Los pacientes desarrollaron una mejoría hemodinámica y clínica tras la intervención.