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Essential oils of Hyptis pectinata L. (leaves and flowers), H. lanceolata Poit,(leaves), H. suaveolens (L) Poit (leaves and flowers) and H. spicigera Lan. (leaves) harvested in Togo were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GC-MS. The main constituents of the essential oils were respectively caryophylene oxide (32.7 %), humulene epoxide (9.3 %) for Hyptis pectinata and germacrene D (27.8 %), β-caryophyllene (12.6 %) and β-elemene (9.5 %) for H. lanceolata oil sample. In the H. spicigera essential oil sample β-caryophyllene (33.8 %), α-bergamotene (11.3 %) and α-caryophyllene (7.4 %) were found as the major constituents. In the H. suaveolens essential oil, sabinene (28.0 %) and β-caryophyllene (25.8 %) were mentioned as major constituents of the essential oil.

2-(1-Piperazinyl)-5-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylethyl]-4,6-dichloropyrimidine and 2-(1-piperazinyl)-5-[1-(4-chloro-phenyl)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-4,6-dichloropyrimidine were synthesized via organozinc reagents. These new pyrimidine derivatives were tested against human mycoflora. Biological tests showed that these compounds are selective growth inhibitors of Cryptococcus neoformans .

Summary A series of 5-(1,2-diarylethyl)-2,4,6-trichloropyrimidines and 2-amino- and 2-(1-piperazinyl)-5-(1,2-diarylethyl)-4,6-dichloropyrimidines were synthesized via organozinc reagents. These new pyrimidine derivatives were tested against human bacterial flora. Biological tests showed that 5-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylethyl]-2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine is very active against a wide range of bacterial flora of the axilla and foot, while 2-amino and 2-(1-piperazinyl)-4,6-dichloropyrimidine derivatives display a great selectivity against Corynebacterium xerosis and Arcanobacterium haemolyticum of the human axilla.

Resume Divers 2-aminothiazoles substitues en 4 par une chaine acetate d'ethyle, aroylmethyle, β-aryl β-hydroxy e thyle et arylethyle sont opposes a des ω-bromoac e toph e nones pour obtenir des 6-aryl imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles substitues en 3 correspondants afin de les soumettre a des essais fongistatiques. Si les (2-aminothiazole-4-yl) acetates d'ethyle conduisent aisement aux imidazothiazoles attendus, il n'en est pas de meme dans les autres cas. Ainsi, l'existence d'un reste aroylmethyle diminue considerablement la reactivite de l'aminothiazole. Il est necessaire de transformer le carbonyle cetonique en alcool II, ou mieux en methylene, pour que la condensation puisse s'effectuer avec les ω-bromoac e toph e nones ; mais les rendements sont alors faibles. Les resultats des essais fongistatiques sur Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Epidermophyton floccosum montrent l'interet des derives aminothiazoliques substitues en 4 par un reste aroylmethyle dont le phenyle compte un ou plusieurs groupements methyle ou methoxy. Les composes de nature imidazothiazolique, malgre une substitution en 6, s'averent moins actifs.

In this paper, we concentrated in examining, in vitro, the antiseptic activity of the baicalein and baicalin upon the seventeen pathogenic skin fungal and sixteen skin bacterial strains, these two flavonic compounds were known principally as the biosubstances of a traditional Chinese medicinal plant: Scutellaria baicalensis. In agar media, the baicalein possessed potent specific activity against the pathogenic yeasts with MICs of 70-100 micrograms/ml; But in the same condition, no inhibitory effect was observed upon dermatophytes and filamentous imperfect fungi for baicalein, and upon all used strains for baicalin. According to the antibacterial test of baicalein, a high efficacy was achieved against certain causative specie of axillary and foot's odour such as Micrococcus sedentarius, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. hominis and C. xerosis with a MICs inferior to 250 micrograms/ml. The good inhibitory activity of baicalein could be linked to the group hydroxyl (-OH) in position seven of the molecule.

The evangelic Christian Mennonits, issued from Helvetia, spread first in Alsace, then in the neighbouring countries, bringing so traditions in agronomy and folk medicine. As generally in rural areas, in the days of old, natural therapies were characterised by rather strange practices, sometimes imbued with superstitions and mystic ideas. Some works, books, almanacs, dweller manuscripts, allow us to reach some uses forsaken and replaced by modern and scientific medicines.

Caryophyllene oxide, an oxygenated terpenoid, well known as preservative in food, drugs and cosmetics, has been tested in vitro as an antifungal against dermatophytes. Its antifungal activity has been compared to ciclopiroxolamine and sulconazole, commonly used in onychomycosis treatment and chosen because of their very different chemical structures. So, a new model has been tested, utilizing sheep hoof plates in order to simulate human nails, which are almost unobtainable for in vitro tests. Three protocols were utilized: pre-treatment, simultaneous treatment and post-treatment. Among these, the post-treatment method was the best to simulate antifungal therapy, as it permitted testing and comparing the efficiency of different antifungal drugs.

Two samples of essential oils of Lippia sidoides Cham. have been tested for their antibacterial and antifungal properties against some microorganisms living on the skin of feet and armpits. The essential oils and also their main components, thymol and carvacrol, show strong antagonistic activities. Corynebacterium xerosis developing axillary odour is specially inhibited. But on the other hand no specific activities have been observed upon the feet microflora.

The root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Lamiaceae) is one of the traditional drugs commonly used in the Far East. The extracts obtained by the successive exhaustion in chloroform and in ethyl acetat present clear fungistatic activities in vitro against to some cutaneous and ungual pathogenic fungi, and particularly upon strains of Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Pityrosporum ovale. For each of these, its minimum inhibitory concentration is determined. The ethyl acetat extract appears the most interesting because of its efficiency and of its stability. An antifungal substance is found out as the baicalein.

Many fungal airborne spora show allergenic effects. Indoor (dwelling, work rooms, hospital chambers) can be disinfected by elimination of living particles. We have undertaken experiments in more and more spacious bulks for evaluation of the antifungal effects of vapours of essential oils and some volatiles compounds. Results show that the Mucorales and Geotrichum resist strongly. On the contrary, the Cladosporium strains, some Aspergillus and Penicillium, Trichothecium roseum are the most sensitive, specially towards the citral vapours. Experiments in hospital can be undertaken.

ResumeUne espece et une variete nouvelles ont ete observees sur un rocher suintant d'eau douce (a peine saumâtre) a Belle-Ile-en-Mer:Pinnularia superdivergentissima nov. sp. presente des caracteres communs avec Pinnularia divergentissima Grun., specialement des stries bifurquees, mais en differe par sa plus grande taille, les stries moins nombreuses et le contour lineaire non capite.Achnanthes subsalsoides Hust. var. sterwennensis nov. var. differe de l'espece par son epivalve (sans raphe) dont l'area longitudinal est nettement plus elargi que dans l'espece.

The antimycotic activity in vitro of jasmon and 6 closely related substances has been tested against four different dermatophytes, Candida albicans, Pityrosporum ovale and Aspergillus fumigatus. Jasmon had the highest activity. Among the other substances tested only thiazolidines with a carbonyl function developed antifungal properties against dermatophytes. 2,4 thiazolidinedione at 450 ppm inhibits the growth of Trichophyton rubrum.