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In this paper, we generalized the concepts of the cohering power and decohering power to Gaussian channels for continuous-variable systems with respect to coherence measures based on the relative entropy and obtained some basic properties. In addition, the cohering power and decohering power of classical noise channels, thermal noise channels and ampli¯er channels are calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper systematically studies the flashover probability of wind turbine blade lightning arrester and the impact of strong electromagnetic pulses on the local and surrounding wind turbines during lightning strikes. The research results indicate that the flashover probability of direct lightning strikes by the wind turbine blade lightning arrester is almost negligible, and the strong electromagnetic pulse of wind turbine blade during lightning strikes has a serious impact on the electronic equipment of the machine, while the impact on the surrounding wind turbine is relatively small. At the same time, the calculation formula for the reflection of lightning current on the carbon brush between the wind turbine hub and the engine compartment during the flashing of the wind turbine blades is provided, and the calculation method for calculating the spatial gradient distribution of electromagnetic field intensity using Biot -- Savart Law theorem is applied. The limitations of using wind turbine blades for lightning protection are pointed out, and a technical route for achieving wind turbine lightning safety is proposed, which can be used as a reference for wind turbine lightning protection technicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the use of computer simulation for studying the microphase separation of a two-dimensional diblock copolymer system under directional quenching. Time evolution of the domain morphologies; Faster growth rate of the triangular phase with the increase of the initial thermal fluctuation.

Background: Testosterone is critical for maintaining spermatogenesis and male fertility. The accomplishment of these processes requires the synergistic actions of the classical and non-classical signaling pathways of androgens. Methods: A murine testicular Sertoli cell line, TM4 cell was used to examine androgen actions in Sertoli cells. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay were employed to study the testosterone-induced Androgen receptor (AR) translocation. Protein phosphorylation antibody array was applied to identify the phosphorylation sites under testosterone treatment, and these findings were verified by Western blot analysis. Results: We found that a physiological dose of testosterone induced fast membrane association of AR. By using a phosphorylation antibody array, several phosphorylation sites, such as MEK1/2 (Ser217/221), Akt (Ser473), and Erk1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) were rapidly phosphorylated within 5 min of testosterone treatment. Inhibition of the MEK and Akt signaling pathways prevented AR trafficking. Blocking of AR by flutamide eliminated the stimulation effect of testosterone on kinase phosphorylation. Testosterone induced kinase Src phosphorylation, and inhibition of Src restricted AR translocation to the membrane and the nucleus. Conclusion: Findings suggested that the membrane association of AR was mediated by the MEK and Akt phosphorylation signaling pathways, which resulted in Src activation and was initiated by testosterone binding to the membrane-localized AR. This study provides new insights into the testosterone signaling pathway in Sertoli cells, which mediate spermatogenesis. In addition, the study can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility caused by disorders in spermatogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In general, the resistivity is inversely proportional to the electrical conductivity and is usually taken to be zero when the conducting fluid is of extremely high conductivity (e.g., ideal conductors). In this paper, the global well-posedness of strong solution to the one-dimensional compressible, viscous, heat-conductive, non-resistive magnetohydrodynamics equations with large data, and general heat-conductivity is proved. Moreover, the non-resistive limit is justified and the convergence rates in L2-norm are obtained, provided the heat-conductivity satisfies some growth condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploration on the microscale transport phenomena is of great significance to understand the mechanism of microscale mixing and chemical reaction in a rotating packed bed (RPB). In this paper, numerical investigation is carried out and compared with the experimental results. Two different scale reaction models are applied to simulate and the numerical result is in reasonable agreement with the experimental results. The fluid flow and the species transfer with a competitive and consecutive reaction are studied to obtain the evolution of the segregation index and flow field. Each environment changes and is updated continuously with the liquid film flowing outward, and the micromixing and reaction are influenced by the fractions p 1 and p 2 of different environments. It is evidenced that different factors such as rotational speeds, volume ratios and initial mixing concentration impose considerable influences on the micromixing and reaction processes. The micromixing time ranges about 5.2 × 10 −2 –1 × 10 −3 ms showing that micromixing performance in RPB is much better. The main product and by-product appear different evolution pattern along the package wires, which provide guideline for the optimization of RPB structure. The optimization on the RPB structure is provided and the simulation results clarify a deeper understanding on the micromixing and reaction features in RPB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world has experienced heavy thirst of energy as it has to face a dwindling supply of fossil fuel and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic solar energy technology has been assigned great importance. Silicon tetrachloride is the main byproducts of polysilicon industry, and it’s volatile and highly toxic. Once silicon tetrachloride releases, it rapidly forms a dense gas cloud and reacts violently with water vapor in the atmosphere to form a gas cloud consisting of the mixture of silicon tetrachloride, hydrochloric acid and silicic acid, which endangers environment and people. In this article, numerical investigation is endeavored to explore the three dimensional dispersion and conversion behaviors of silicon tetrachloride release in the atmosphere. The k – ϵ model with buoyancy correction on k is applied for turbulence closure and modified EBU model is applied to describe the hydrolysis reaction of silicon tetrachloride. It is illustrated that the release of silicon tetrachloride forms a dense cloud, which sinks onto the ground driven by the gravity and wind and spreads both upwind and downwind. Complicated interaction occurs between the silicon tetrachloride cloud and the air mass. The main body of the dense cloud moves downwind and reacts with the water vapor on the interface between the dense cloud and the air mass to generate a toxic mixture of silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen chloride and silicic acid. A large coverage in space is formed by the toxic mixture and imposes chemical hazards to the environment. The exothermic hydrolysis reaction consumes water and releases reaction heat resulting in dehydration and temperature rise, which imposes further hazards to the ecosystem over the affected space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the Cauchy problem of three-dimensional compressible barotropic Navier--Stokes equations with large external potential forces. We first prove that the Cauchy problem has a unique global strong solution with large oscillations and interior vacuum, provided the initial data are of small energy and the unique steady state is strictly away from vacuum. Next, we show that if the initial data are more regular and satisfy some additional compatibility conditions, the strong solution is indeed a classical one away from the initial time. Finally, as by-products, the global existence and large-time behavior of weak solutions with large external potential forces and discontinuous initial data containing vacuum are also obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Behavior of H2S-containing natural gas exhibits appearance of neutral gas by CFD. [•] The poisoning hazards of H2S by gas pipeline releases are successfully estimated. [•] An assessment method for available safe egress time is proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We consider the pullback D-attractor for the nonautonomous nonlinear equations of thermoelastic coupled rod with a nonlinear moving heat source. By Galerkin method, the existence and uniqueness of global solutions are proved under homogeneous boundary conditions and initial conditions. By prior estimates combined with some inequality skills, the existence of the pullback D-absorbing set is obtained. By proving the properties of compactness about the nonlinear operator g1(·), g2(·), and then proving the pullback D-condition (C), the existence of the pullback D-attractor of the equations previously mentioned is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Standardized and sharing information platform is the foundation of the Smart Grids. In order to improve the dispatching center information integration of the power grids and achieve efficient data exchange, sharing and interoperability, a unified coding architecture is proposed. The architecture includes coding management layer, coding generation layer, information models layer and application system layer. Hierarchical design makes the whole coding architecture to adapt to different application environments, different interfaces, loosely coupled requirements, which can realize the integration model management function of the power grids. The life cycle and evaluation method of survival of unified coding architecture is proposed. It can ensure the stability and availability of the coding architecture. Finally, the development direction of coding technology of the Smart Grids in future is prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses discusses the use of copper catalysts in the epoxidation of propylene into propylene oxide, focusing on the modulation of the steady-state selectivity of catalysts for this reaction using visible light. Photoexcitation of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) alters the oxidation state of copper nanoparticles by reducing the catalyst copper oxide shell. Other topics include ultrahigh-vacuum models of surface copper oxidation, ultraviolet spectra of copper catalysts, and the design of other photoswitchable metal nanoparticle catalysts.

In this paper, we consider the existence of nonoscillatory solutions for system of variable coefficients higher-order neutral differential equations with distributed deviating arguments. We use the Banach contraction principle to obtain new sufficient conditions for the existence of nonoscillatory solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is mainly concerned with the existence of a global strong attractor for the nonlinear extensible beam equation with structural damping and nonlinear external damping. This kind of problem arises from the model of an extensible vibration beam. By the asymptotic compactness of the related continuous semigroup, we prove the existence of a strong global attractor which is connected with phase space D(Δ²)xH¹0(Ω)∩H²(Ω). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under weaker hypothesis, we use the Schauder-Tychonoff theorem to obtain new sufficient condition for the global existence of oscillatory solutions for forced second order nonlinear delay differential equations with distributed deviating arguments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A two-dimensional nonlinear plate equation is revisited, which arises from the model of the viscoelastic thin rectangular plate with four edges supported. We establish that the system is exponentially decayed if the memory kernel satisfies the condition of the exponential decay. Furthermore, we show the existence of the global attractor by verifying the condition (C). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with an initial-boundary value problem for screw pinches arisen from plasma physics. We prove the global existence of weak solutions to this physically very important problem. The main difficulties in the proof lie in the presence of 1/x-singularity in the equations at the origin and the additional nonlinear terms induced by the magnetic field. Solutions will be obtained as the limit of the approximate solutions in annular regions between two cylinders. Under certain growth assumption on the heat conductivity, we first derive a number of regularities of the approximate physical quantities in the fluid region, as well as a lot of uniform integrability in the entire spacetime domain. By virtue of these estimates we then argue in a similar manner as that in Ref. 20 to take the limit and show that the limiting functions are indeed a weak solution which satisfies the mass, momentum and magnetic field equations in the entire spacetime domain in the sense of distributions, but satisfies the energy equation only in the compact subsets of the fluid region. The analysis in this paper allows the possibility that energy is absorbed into the origin, i.e. the total energy be possibly lost in the limit as the inner radius goes to zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the Navier-Stokes equations of viscous compressible heat-conducting flows with cylindrical symmetry. Our main purpose is to study the boundary layer effect and the convergence rate as the shear viscosity μ goes to zero. We show that the boundary layer thickness and a convergence rate are of the orders O(μα) with 0 < α < 1/2 and O(√μ), respectively, thus extending the result in [H. Frid and V. V. Shelukhin, Commun. Math. Phys., 208 (1999), pp. 309-330] to the case of nonisentropic flows. As a byproduct, we also improve the convergence result in [H. Frid and V. V. Shelukhin, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 31 (2000), pp. 1144-1156] on the vanishing shear viscosity limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with an initial boundary value problem in one-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics. We prove the global existence, uniqueness, and stability of strong solutions for the planar magnetohydrodynamic equations for isentropic compressible fluids in the case that vacuum can be allowed initially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Alterations in the status of microtubules contribute to the cytoskeletal rearrangements that occur during apoptosis. The microtubule-associated protein tau regulates microtubule dynamics and thus is likely to play an important role in the cytoskeletal changes that occur in apoptotic cells. Previously, we demonstrated that the phosphorylation of tau at the Tau-1 epitope was increased during neuronal PC12 cell apoptosis, and further that the microtubule binding of tau from apoptotic cells was significantly impaired because of altered phosphorylation. The fact that the microtubule-binding capacity of tau from apoptotic cells was reduced to ∼30% of control values indicated that sites in addition to those within the Tau-1 epitope were hyperphosphorylated during apoptosis. In this study using a combination of immunological and biochemical approaches, numerous sites were found to be hyperphosphorylated on tau isolated from apoptotic cells. Further, during apoptosis, the activities of cell division control protein kinase (cdc2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) were selectively and significantly increased. The association of these two protein kinases with tau was also increased during apoptosis. These findings are intriguing because many of the sites found to be hyperphosphorylated on tau during apoptosis are also hyperphosphorylated on tau from Alzheimer's disease brain. Likewise, there are data indicating that in Alzheimer's disease the activities of cdc2 and cdk5 are also increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Developed real-time hybrid model (RTHM) tests to reproduce Saige building vibration incident. • Developed RTHM testing system that includes the loading system, instrumentations, and the delay compensation component. • Wind loads tests of the masts were first carried out show that the dynamic characteristics of scaled mast models were conserved. • RTHM results demonstrate the capability of the developed testing method to reproduce the Saige building abnormal vibration. In May 2021, the 72-story Shenzhen Saige building experienced abnormal vibration that was strongly felt on many floors and triggered social panic. The tower was therefore closed for more than 2 months resulting in huge economic losses. A preliminary study consisting of field resonant excitation tests and a series of numerical simulations were carried out. It was concluded that the wind loads provoked the higher modes of the building vibration. Specifically, the vibration of the mast, which is located at the building top, induced this abnormal vibration. To validate this conclusion, real-time hybrid model (RTHM) tests was developed to reproduce this building vibration incident. This paper presents the details of the validation RTHM tests including testing design and result discussions. Structural vibration parameters obtained from the field tests were used in the numerical substructure building model, and the experimental substructures were the two scaled down mast models (the cantilever beam section of the masts). During RTHM test, the restoring force of the experimental substructure due to real wind loads induced by an air fan was measured and used in the numerical simulation to compute interface motions. A shaking table was then used to impose the interface motion back to the bottom of the mast model to reproduce the abnormal vibration incident. The demonstrated ability of the developed RTHM testing method to reproduce the resonant phenomenon of the wind-induced tower vibration provides an alternative experimental method to study vibration responses of high-rise buildings in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to study an experimentally observed stabilizing phenomenon and to prove a mathematically rigorous stability result on the perturbations near a background magnetic field. Physical experiments and numerical simulations have observed a remarkable phenomenon that a background magnetic field can smooth and stabilize the electrically conducting turbulent fluids. To understand the mechanism of this phenomenon, we focus on a special 2D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) system with anisotropic dissipation and partial damping and examine the stability near a background magnetic field. Due to the lack of full dissipation and damping, this stability problem is not trivial. Without the presence of a magnetic field, the fluid velocity is governed by the 2D Navier--Stokes equations in the whole space ℝ² with only vertical dissipation, and its stability (near the trivial solution) is still an open problem. However, when coupled to the magnetic field in such an MHD system, we are able to show that any perturbation near a background magnetic field is globally stable in Sobolev space H². This result reflects the observed stabilizing effect of the magnetic field. Mathematically, the MHD system obeyed by the perturbations can be converted to a system of wave equations which exhibits extra smoothing and stabilizing properties. These properties allow us to control the nonlinearity in the anisotropic Navier--Stokes equations and thus establish the desired stability result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider an initial-boundary value problem for the one-dimensional equations of compressible isentropic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows. The non-resistive limit of the global solutions with large data is justified. As a by-product, the global well-posedness of the compressible non-resistive MHD equations is established. Moreover, the thickness of the magnetic boundary-layer of the value with is proved, where is the resistivity coefficient. The proofs of these results are based on a full use of the so-called ‘effective viscous flux’, the material derivative and the structure of the equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Much progress has been made by directing against the adrogen receptor (AR) pathway in the treatment of prostate cancer in past decades. However, AR-interactors related metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer eventually developed. Here, we aimed to characterize the aberrations and therapeutic implication in advanced disease. Materials and Methods: STRING database, UALCAN web portal and cBioPortal platform was used to analyze the AR interaction network, gene alterations, as well as the prognostic significance. GO and KEEG analysis was performed to characterize the functional enrichment of the identified AR-interactors. Results: Ten first shell AR-interactors were identified, among of which FOXA1 and PELP1 was significantly up-regulated, while CCND1, CTNNB1, NCOA4 and HSP90AA1 exhibited a significantly decreased pattern. The median survival period of altered group (n = 227) was 70 months (95% CI, 60-105M), while that of non-altered group (n = 545) was 141 months (95% CI, 115.13-NA, P < 0.001). GO and KEGG enrichment showed that the identified AR-interactors were particularly enriched in prostate cancer and thyroid hormone signaling pathway, as well as endocrine resistance. Conclusion: The AR-interactors might be useful markers for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and provide a new sight for revealing the molecular mechanism of CRPC progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns the asymptotic behavior of the solution to an initial-boundary value problem of the cylindrically symmetric Navier–Stokes equations with large data for compressible heat-conducting ideal fluids, as the shear viscosity μ goes to zero. A suitable corrector function (the so-called boundary-layer type function) is constructed to eliminate the disparity of boundary values. As by-products, the convergence rates of the derivatives in L2 are obtained and the boundary-layer thickness (BL-thickness) of the value with is shown by an alternative method, compared with the results proved in Jiang and Zhang (2009 SIAM J. Math. Anal. 41 237–68) and Qin et al (2015 Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 216 1049–86). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the feasibility of the impregnation of no-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils using solder. NI coils are widely studied and used in many situations. To utilize an HTS coil under high mechanical loads such as field coils for rotating machines, the HTS tapes must be stabilized mechanically. Epoxy impregnation is a common method to protect the HTS field from mechanical disturbances caused by the magnetic field and rotational vibration of the rotor to enhance the mechanical stability. However, traditional epoxy resins are electrical insulating materials which might cause the turn-to-turn contact resistance of NI coils to increase. Therefore, we proposed a new kind of impregnation method using the electrically conductive material, solder. Two coils were fabricated and tested for comparison. One is the NI coil without impregnation and the other is the NI coil impregnated with solder. The charge-discharge and sudden-discharge tests were performed in liquid nitrogen at 77 K. The experimental results were studied with equivalent circuit analyses. The results of this paper could provide useful data for the application of solder impregnated NI HTS coils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transmembrane protease serine 2:v‑ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (TMPRSS2:ERG) gene fusion is common in prostate cancer, while its functional role is not fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate the significance of the TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion in human prostate cancers using bioinformatics tools. Comprehensive alteration analysis of TMPRSS2 and ERG in 148 different human cancer studies was performed by cBioPortal, and the mRNA expression level of the ERG gene was evaluated using Oncomine analysis. Furthermore, lentiviral short hairpin (sh)RNA‑mediated knockdown of TMPRSS2:ERG was performed to study the impact of ERG silencing on cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution in prostate cancer cells. The results demonstrated that the TMPRSS2 and ERG genes were mostly altered in prostate cancer, and the most frequent alteration was gene fusion. Oncomine analysis demonstrated that the ERG gene was significantly upregulated in prostate clinical samples compared with the normal prostate gland in four independent datasets, and a positive association was observed between potassium inwardly‑rectifying channel subfamily J member 15, down syndrome critical region gene 4, potassium inwardly‑rectifying channel subfamily J member 6 and ERG gene expression. There were 272 mutations of the ERG gene identified in the cBioPortal database; among the mutations, 2 missense mutations (R367C and P401H) were regarded as functional mutations (functional impact score >1.938). Furthermore, the present study successfully knocked down ERG gene expression through a lentiviral‑mediated gene silencing approach in VCaP prostate cancer cells. The ERG mRNA and protein expression levels were both suppressed significantly, and a cell‑cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase was observed after ERG gene silencing. In conclusion, these bioinformatics analyses provide novel insights for TMPRSS2:ERG fusion gene study in prostate cancer. Target inhibition of ERG expression could significantly cause cell growth arrest in prostate cancer cells, which could be a potentially valuable target for prostate cancer treatment. However, the precise mechanism of these results remains unclear; therefore, further studies are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple freeze-thaw cycle experiments were performed to determine the in-situ deformation of salt-frost heave of sulfate saline silt under long-term freeze-thaw conditions. For the determination of in-situ salt-frost heave of saline silt by removing the effect of water-salt migration due to temperature gradients, the in-situ salt-frost heave apparatus was designed to achieve a uniform cooling effect. The influence laws of four main factors, such as salt content, water content, initial dry density, and load, on the residual pore ratio of sulfate saline silt under the effects of freeze-thaw cycles have been analyzed. It has been found that sulfate saline silt with different initial pore ratios will eventually reach the same and stable residual pore ratio after multiple freeze-thaw cycles, independent of the initial compactness of the soil. At the water content was 16%, the residual pore ratio increased, then decreased and then increased again as the salt content increased. At the salt content was 3%, the residual pore ratio decreased linearly with the increase of water content. As the load became greater, the residual porosity ratio decreased. The accumulation effect of salt-freezing heave of residual saline silt could be effectively reduced at a water content of 16%, a salt content of 3%, and a load greater than 12.5 kPa. During multiple freeze-thaw cycles, the relationship between salt-frost heave deformation and pore ratio conforms to a linear negative correlation, and there was a positive correlation between the magnitude of accumulative salt-frost heave deformation and the magnitude of single salt-frost heave deformation. The equation of residual pore ratio with salt content, water content and load as parameters has been given in this paper. Using this equation, the prediction of accumulative deformation of salt-frost heave under long-term freeze-thaw conditions in residual sulfate saline silt in the seasonal permafrost region can be realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the Cauchy problem of three-dimensional isentropic compressible magnetohydrodynamic equations in the present paper. For regular initial data with small energy but possibly large oscillations, we prove the global well-posedness of classical solution, where the flow density is allowed to contain vacuum states, and the large-time behavior of the solution is also shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets applications, fast quench detection is very important to protect the magnets from burning out. Usually, the method of voltage measurement is widely applied to detect quench. However, this method is not satisfied for largeHTS magnets intrinsically. Besides, a novel quench detection, which ismeasured by Raman-scatteringbased distributed temperature sensors (DTS) using flexible optical fibers, is suggested to be a potential candidate. To verify the feasibility of this method, we prepared a DTS system based on interrogating Raman-scattering signals and a no-insulation (NI) HTS coil mounted by a 2-m length optical fiber as a test sample. The main results show that critical current of the NI coil is 111 A. In the continued overcurrent-induced quench state under coil current of 160 A, the temperature rise was observed obviously at the position of 1.2 m in the optical fiber, and the temperature was up to 94 K in the near middle region of top surface in the NI coil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Testosterone is critical for maintaining spermatogenesis and male fertility. The accomplishment of these processes requires the synergistic actions of the classical and non-classical signaling pathways of androgens. Methods: A murine testicular Sertoli cell line, TM4 cell was used to examine androgen actions in Sertoli cells. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay were employed to study the testosterone-induced Androgen receptor (AR) translocation. Protein phosphorylation antibody array was applied to identify the phosphorylation sites under testosterone treatment and these findings were verified by Western blot analysis. Results: We found that a physiological dose of testosterone induced fast membrane association of AR. By using a phosphorylation antibody array, several phosphorylation sites, such as MEK1/2 (Ser217/221), Akt (Ser473) and Erk1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) were rapidly phosphorylated within 5 min of testosterone treatment. Inhibition of the MEK and Akt signaling pathways prevented AR trafficking. Blocking of AR by flutamide eliminated the stimulation effect of testosterone on kinase phosphorylation. Testosterone induced kinase Src phosphorylation and inhibition of Src restricted AR translocation to the membrane and the nucleus. Conclusion: Findings suggested that the membrane association of AR was mediated by the MEK and Akt phosphorylation signaling pathways, which resulted in Src activation and was initiated by testosterone binding to the membrane-localized AR. This study provides new insights into the testosterone signaling pathway in Sertoli cells, which mediate spermatogenesis. In addition, the study can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility caused by disorders in spermatogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) in the pathogenesis of cancer is well-known due to their involvement in carcinogenesis. Although previous studies have discussed different functions of JNKs depending on cell type, the present study aimed to investigate the function of JNKs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells, as well as their involvement in chemotherapy sensitivity to Adriamycin. The present results showed that Adriamycin administration reduced cell viability and led to elevated expressions of c-Jun, phosphorylated JNK and phosphorylated c-Jun, indicating an activated JNK pathway. Notably, JNK inhibition by SP600125 also reduced cell growth. Thus, Adriamycin treatment combined with SP600125 was more effective on cell growth inhibition than each agent alone. The apoptosis analysis confirmed the reduction in cell growth. Therefore, these data provide evidence that the JNK pathway activity is negatively associated with cell viability, and its decline could sensitize NPC cells to Adriamycin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An epidemic occurred in a fox farm of Changli County in April, 2015. The clinical symptoms in ill foxes included depression, poor appetite or appetite loss, rough, disorder and dull hair, standing inability, trembling, sunken eyes, decreased skin elasticity, dehydration and loose stools around the anus. When the abdomens of ill foxes were pressed, white or yellow manure flew out from the anuses, and some of the manures contained mucus or blood. The pathological changes included liver enlargement with necrotic lesions, spleen enlargement, lung hemorrhage, kidney enlargement with bleeding spots, thymus hemorrhage and intestinal catarrhal inflammation. The epidemic was finally identified as colibacillosis through clinical symptoms observation, pathological anatomy, biochemical tests and 16S rRNA amplification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the ineffectiveness in removing cyclic sulfur compounds (S-compounds) and nitrogen compounds (N-compounds) such as thiophene (TS), dibenzothiophene (DBT), carbazole, pyridine and their derivatives from fuel oils, the traditional hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation processes are facing some challenges especially now in the wake of sterner regulation of S-/N-content in fuel oils. This work demonstrates that some acidic ionic liquids (ILs) are capable of extracting cyclic S-/N-compounds particularly the basic N-species from fuel oils. Both Lewis acidic ILs 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride/ZnCl2 ([Bmim]Cl/ZnCl2) and [Bmim]Cl/2ZnCl2 as well as Brφnsted acidic ILs [Bmim]HSO4 and [Hmim]HSO4 are used to extract TS, DBT, carbazole and pyridine from their hexane (model gasoline) or octane (model diesel fuel) mixtures. Typically, 93.8% TS removal (S-content drops from 500 ppm to 31 ppm) and 95.9% DBT removal (S-content from 516 ppm to 21 ppm) by [Bmim]Cl/ZnCl2 after 6-stage extraction are obtained at 25 °C, 1:1(w/w)IL:oil, 30 min; while 93.8% carbazole removal (N-content from 279 ppm to 17 ppm) and 97.8% pyridine removal (N-content from 495 ppm to 11 ppm) are realized after only one stage extraction and the N-content is undetectable after 2-stage extraction. [Bmim]Cl/ZnCl2 is selected as a representative IL to undergo a series of parallel experiments to determine the influence of extraction time, temperature, IL:oil mass ratio and multi-stage extraction on S-/N-removal efficiency. The mutual solubility of [Bmim]Cl/ZnCl2 in fuel oil as well as IL recycling is also performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under investigation in this paper is a generalized MKdV equation, which describes the propagation of shallow water in fluid mechanics. In this paper, we have derived the exact solutions for the generalized MKdV equation including the bright soliton, dark soliton, two-peak bright soliton, two-peak dark soliton, shock soliton and periodic wave solution via Exp-function method. By figures and symbolic computations, we have discussed the propagation characteristics of those solitons under different values of those coefficients in the generalized MKdV equation. The method constructing soliton solutions in this paper may be useful for the investigations on the other nonlinear mathematical physics model and the conclusions of this paper can give theory support for the study of dynamic features of models in the shallow water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the preview optimal simple artificial neural network driver model (POSANN), a new driver model, considering jerky dynamics and the tracing error between the real track and the planned path, is established. In this paper, themodeling for the drivervehicle system is firstly described, and the relationship between weighting coefficients of driver model and system parameters is examined through test data. Secondly, the corresponding road test results are presented in order to verify the vehicle model and obtain the information on drive model and vehicle parameters. Finally, the simulations are carried out via CarSim. Simulation results indicate that the jerky dynamics need to be considered and the proposed new driver model can achieve a better pathfollowing performance compared with the POSANN driver model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]