Search

Burgers' equation is used to describe wave phenomena in hydrodynamics and acoustics. It was derived originally as a prototype to provide analytic insight into the nature of turbulence and its modeling, and has found applications in the study of shock waves and wave transmission. Burgers' equation is not globally controllable, and under certain conditions it can be neutrally stable. In this study, we explore the adaptive backstepping boundary control (BBC) methodology on a modified Burgers' equation with unknown parameters, but constant, for the reactive and convective (nonlinear) terms, with Robin and Neumann boundary conditions (BCs), where this latter BC is actuated by the control signal. The nominal controller is designed from a linear partial differential equation (PDE), and under the assumption that this nominal controller also achieves stabilization for the modified Burgers' equation, then its adaptive version is proposed for the control of such nonlinear PDE systems. Simulation results show convergence near the ideal values for the parametric estimates while the estimation error converges to zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems have been considered as a suitable way to supply electricity. The hybrid energy (Solar-Wind-Storage-hydrogen-diesel) is increasingly used in various applications, especially at isolated sites. This study proposes the optimization and analysis of a stand-alone photovoltaic/battery/fuel cell/electrolyzer/hydrogen hybrid system (HS) to find out the optimal sizes and costs. In the first step, SAM software was used to estimate the global solar irradiance (GHI) for the studied area and to select the best PV, battery and fuel cell components. MATLAB software was handled to predict the power output of the renewable source (PV system) using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model. Then, simulation, optimization and techno-economic analysis were carried out in the second step with HomerPro software. Four proposed configurations are optimized in this work and different comparisons have been made regarding the found results. The results of the cost optimization were found to be 50861.21 $ and 0.95657 $ for NCP and COE, respectively. Moreover, the same HS configurations are simulated and optimized under Moroccan climate. • Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems is a suitable way to supply electricity. • A stand-alone photovoltaic/battery/fuel cell/electrolyzer/hydrogen hybrid system. • SAM software was used to estimate the global solar irradiance. • MATLAB was handled using an Artificial Neural Network model. • Optimization and techno-economic analysis with HomerPro software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different fungal species belonging to the Colletotrichum genus cause anthracnose disease in a range of major crops, resulting in huge economic losses worldwide. Typical symptoms include dark, sunken lesions on leaves, stems, or fruits. Colletotrichum spp. have synthesized, in vitro, a number of biologically active and structurally unusual metabolites that are involved in their host's infection process. In this study, we applied a one strain many compounds (OSMAC) approach, integrated with targeted and non-targeted metabolomics profiling, to shed light on the secondary phytotoxic metabolite panels produced by pathogenic isolates of Colletotrichum truncatum and Colletotrichum trifolii. The phytotoxicity of the fungal crude extracts was also assessed on their primary hosts and related legumes, and the results correlated with the metabolite profile that arose from the different cultural conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the OSMAC strategy integrated with metabolomics approaches has been applied to Colletotrichum species involved in legume diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to find out the author of the three Latin verses quoted by Pérez Galdós in his novel El 19 de marzo y el 2 de mayo (1873). After discarding Pérez Galdós himself and Sánchez Barbero (prima facie more likely) as authors, we have found the source in a Neo-Latin poem written in honor of Godoy and preserved in two handwritten copies, one in the Royal Academy of History and the other in Menéndez Pelayo's Library. The real author is the Enlightenment thinker Joaquín Traggia. This fact, in its turn, raises the problem of how Pérez Galdós could come to know any of these manuscripts around 1872. In addition, the manuscript text has been compared with Galdós's quotation in the printed version as well as in his own handwritten text. In sum, we have determined the authorship of the Latin quotation and its origin; we have considered the new literary context of these verses in Pérez Galdós's novel; and lastly, a new, amended edition of such verses is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, from linear operator, semigroup and Sturm–Liouville problem theories, an abstract system model for the convection–diffusion (C–D) equation is proposed. The state operator for this abstract system model is here defined as given in the form of the Sturm–Liouville differential operator (SLDO) plus an integral term of the same SLDO. Our aim is to achieve the trajectory tracking task in the presence of external disturbances to the C–D equation invoking the regulator problem theory, where the state from a finite-dimensional exosystem is the state to the feedback law. In this context, the regulator (Francis) equations, established from the abstract system model for the C–D equation, here are solved; i.e., the state feedback regulator problem (SFRP) for the C–D system has a solution. Our proposal is validated via numerical simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fungal phytotoxins can be defined as secondary metabolites toxic to host plants and are believed to be involved in the symptoms developed of a number of plant diseases by targeting host cellular machineries or interfering with host immune responses. As any crop, legumes can be affected by a number of fungal diseases, causing severe yield losses worldwide. In this review, we report and discuss the isolation, chemical, and biological characterization of fungal phytotoxins produced by the most important necrotrophic fungi involved in legume diseases. Their possible role in plant–pathogen interaction and structure–toxicity relationship studies have also been reported and discussed. Moreover, multidisciplinary studies on other prominent biological activity conducted on reviewed phytotoxins are described. Finally, we explore the challenges in the identification of new fungal metabolites and their possible applications in future experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the publication of the Biblioteca Personal Jorge Luis Borges, its context within the so called "spectacle society", its "predecessors" (Schwob, Machen, Pliny, Solinus, Aelianus) and its relationship with other contemporary writers, such as the Argentinian Julio Cortázar or the Mexican Juan José Arreola. In addition, it comments on the specific poetical recreation made by Borges on some Virgilian verses, such as the hypallage from the book vi of the Aeneid. The goal is to understand the literary devices Borges uses as a reader of the authors chosen as his "predecessors". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research presents a completely decarbonized system structured with renewable energies for the fragile ecosystem of the Galapagos Islands of Ecuador, with a horizon to the year 2050. The transition process begins with clear legal actions and allocating economic resources that clearly promote a change in the energy matrix and the transition would be achieved until the year 2050. The Galapagos Islands are the second largest marine reserve on the planet, declared a World Heritage Site in 1978 for UNESCO. The archipelago, a beautiful ecological attraction, has tourism as its main economic source. The biggest problem is in the supply of energy that mainly comes from fossil fuels, in addition to that, the smell of fuel in several places is out of tune with the harmonious nature and its species. The efforts began to be noticed when in the Archipelago the new implementations of renewable energy began to become a reality with the purpose of stopping using fossil fuels. In this sense, there is the potential to take advantage of the resources available in specific sites, especially the photovoltaic and wind solar considered in the National Plan All a Life. The change in the productive matrix from the national level also implies a change in demand, including at the transportation level with the use of electric vehicles and the use of electric stoves in homes. The purpose is that energy services in the Galapagos Islands progressively increase, on the one hand, replacing fossil fuels and on the other, supplying the growing demand with a view to 2050, taking advantage of renewable energies until reaching 100%. • The scenario outlined is 100% renewable energy by 2050 in the Galapagos Islands. •The Galapagos archipelago has great renewable energy potential. •The decarbonization in Galapagos will have a positive impact on the socioeconomic and environmental aspects. •Decarbonization is feasible by 2050 depending on the economic situation. •The electricity system of Galapagos will allow it to maintain its status as a Cultural Heritage of Humanity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimization of reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem is a key factor for stable and secure operation of the electric power systems. In this paper, a newly explored nature-inspired optimization through artificial ecosystem optimization (AEO) algorithm is proposed to cope with ORPD problem in large-scale and practical power systems. ORPD is a well-known highly complex combinatorial optimization task with nonlinear characteristics, and its complexity increases as a number of decision variables increase, which makes it hard to be solved using conventional optimization techniques. However, it can be efficiently resolved by using nature-inspired optimization algorithms. AEO algorithm is a recently invented optimizer inspired by the energy flocking behavior in a natural ecosystem including non-living elements such as sunlight, water, and air. The main merit of this optimizer is its high flexibility that leads to achieve accurate balance between exploration and exploitation abilities. Another attractive property of AEO is that it does not have specific control parameters to be adjusted. In this work, three-objective version of ORPD problem is considered involving active power losses minimization and voltage deviation and voltage stability index. The proposed optimizer was examined on medium- and large-scale IEEE test systems, including 30 bus, 118 bus, 300 bus and Algerian electricity grid DZA 114 bus (220/60 kV). The results of AEO algorithm are compared with well-known existing optimization techniques. Also, the results of comparison show that the proposed algorithm performs better than other algorithms for all examined power systems. Consequently, we confirm the effectiveness of the introducing AEO algorithm to relieve the over losses problem, enhance power system performance, and meet solutions feasibility. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been employed to evaluate the performance and consistency of the proposed AEO algorithm in solving ORPD problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the performance of a renewable autonomous hybrid grid composed of photovoltaic system, wind turbines, hydrokinetic turbines, diesel generator and energy storage systems. Three energy dispatch control and several storage systems have been studied. Technical, environmental and economic indicators have been used to determine the impact on the hybrid autonomous grid and its sizing optimization. However, this study goes further by conducting a sensitivity analysis such as capital cost, state of charge and time step, to choose the best system configuration. The results show that, when using the energy storage system composed of pumped hydro, under the load following energy dispatch control, the net present cost and cost of energy are lower with respect to others storage technologies proposed. However, the storage system with the lowest CO2 emissions is lead acid battery using the combined cycle energy dispatch control. In addition, the wind turbines have presented the greatest sensibility in the net present cost with respect to the capital cost variation and pumped hydro-storage present sensitivity response with respect to state of charge. All configurations have different several behaviors, therefore, the advantages and disadvantages of each one are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of several renewable energy sources (RESs), such as photovoltaic generation (PVG) and wind turbine generation (WTG), introduces a significant amount of uncertainty for the optimal planning of the electrical power systems. The optimal power flow (OPF) problem became more difficult to solve when RESs uncertainties were taken into account. In this research, the stochastic OPF problem is solved using an Adaptive Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimizer (ALAPO) with the integration of RESs. The ALAPO is proposed in this study to improve both the exploration and exploitation process of the conventional Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimizer (LAPO). In order to create a number of scenarios that account for the uncertainties associated with load demand, wind speed, and solar irradiation, the scenario based reduction method is utilized. Further, to determine the optimal setting of active power of generators, tap setting of the transformers, reactive power of the capacitor banks, and the voltage profile at the generator buses for each scenario of RESs the objective function considered in this study is to minimize the power loss, voltage deviation, and voltage stability index of the power system. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is tested on IEEE 57-bus system. The results in this study show that the proposed ALAPO is superior for solving the OPF with the integration of RESs compared to the conventional methods like LAPO, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Sand Cat Swarm Optimizer (SCSO), Gray Wolf Optimizer (GOW), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Black Widow Optimization Algorithm (BWO), and Capuchin Search Algorithm (CapSA). [Display omitted] • Integration of several renewable energy. • Optimal power flow (OPF) problem. • Adaptive Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimizer (ALAPO). • Voltage profile at the generator buses is the objective function considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aulus Gellius' Attic Nights achieved a special impact in Argentina. Just as Bioy Casares and Julio Cortázar, Borges was a good reader of the Attic Nights. Thus, our aim is to establish the way Borges read Gellius' book through (a) their intermediates, (b) the volume of the Attic nights owned by Borges, (c) the quotations of Gellius made by Borges, (d) the common clichés, (e) the Gellius' sentences and, finally, (f) the literary development Borges took out from the Gellius' miscellany to create his own essays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the eighties of 20th century, Vergil was interpreted from a precise and particular approach inspired by Nietzsche. This new vision could be categorized, basically, as the idea of death (Broch), the sickness of poetry (García Calvo), the commemoration (remembrance) of the bimillennium of his death (Colinas), his poetic rereading from a new aesthetics (Borges and Bernhard), the boom of verse translation (Fontán Barreiro) and, finally, the remarkable picto-rial rereading of his Eneida (Carlos Franco). Therefore, this essay tries to give an account of a specific decade in Vergil's historical reception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communication latency which inherently occurs in wide area measurement system greatly degrades small-signal stability (SSS) and is stochastic in nature, and thus, the current power oscillation damping controllers (PODCs) designed to improve SSS must consider this crucial factor. This paper proposes a probabilistic method to tune the parameters of PODCs incorporated in renewable farms to improve SSS under stochastic time delay and under other power system uncertainties arising due to renewable energy resources and loads. The proposed method is composed of two stages: The first stage quantifies the effect of time delay and other power system uncertainties on SSS, and the second stage uses this information to formulate an optimization problem. This optimization problem is solved with the help of four swarm intelligence-based optimization algorithms which are: bat algorithm, cuckoo search algorithm, firefly algorithm, and particle swarm optimization algorithm. The solutions from all these four optimization algorithms are compared, and the best result is used to optimize the parameters of the PODCs. All the analyses were conducted on a modified IEEE 68 bus system. The results show that the PODCs tuned using the proposed method greatly enhances the SSS margin under different scenarios and are probabilistically robust to the varying time delay and other power system uncertainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Real case studies of Tazouta and Fez rural area in Morocco. • Hybrid biomass, wind, and solar electricity generation in areas those are rich in renewable energies. • Potential of bioenergy for producing power in rural areas of Fez-Meknes region in Morocco. High dependence of Morocco's energy sector on imported fossil fuels and subsequent associated expensive import bills, as well as global agreements with greenhouse gas emission reduction, has motivated Morocco to utilize renewable energy sources such as hydro, wind, and solar for energy generation. However, in recent years, the use of wind and solar energies in Morocco has accelerated more than hydropower usage because of the reduction in water levels as a result of rainfall drop, global warming, and natural droughts. Morocco has a great potential for electricity generation from solar and wind energies because of many sunny days, vast desert areas, long coastlines, and appropriate wind blow. However, accommodations of wind and solar generating units in electric power systems are difficult because of wind speed variations, solar irradiation uncertainty, and costly energy storage systems. Regarding the huge amounts of biowaste in Morocco, power generation from biomass can resolve this problem and compensate for the decrease in wind and solar energy generation during cloudy, rainy, and/or non-windy moments. Therefore, in the present paper, the capability of hybrid electric energy generation, using biomass, wind, and solar in a Moroccan village of Tazouta and the rural area of Fez city is evaluated. The proposed mixed-integer linear programming model was implemented in A Mathematical Programming Language (AMPL) using a linear solver of CPLEX. The biomass, solar, and wind power plants are biogas units fed by cow manure, 1-kW photovoltaic (PV) modules, and 5.1-kW wind turbines, respectively. The evaluation of the results indicates that hybrid utilization of wind, PV, and biomass energy resources is a more appropriate way for electricity generation in Tazouta and Fez rural areas compared to the individual operation of wind turbines and other combinations of mentioned renewable energy sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a model to implement the switching technique of a novel isolated DC/DC converter of full-bridge to link fuel cell power output to the distribution system. The implementation was performed on a DSP F2812 of Texas Instruments. It is also proposed a new start-up system (software), to avoid overcurrent on the input side of inverter. This software avoids using an auxiliary circuit for start-up, so reducing costs, improving volume and weight and maintaining the same efficiency. A prototype has been implemented to validate the performance. Finally, comparative experimental results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1848, Adolfo Alfredo Camus, who will become the most important teacher of Classical literature in Spain during the nineteenth century, won the chair that will play for decades at the Central University of Madrid. Our aim in this paper is to study the exercise of his exam, the Oratio ad cathedram Litteraturae latinae obtinendam, written in Latin and preserved in the General Archive of the State Administration. Our main finding has been to establish the two literary sources that feed it: the exordium is based in a rewriting of a speech composed by the humanist Marcus Antonius Muretus (De laudibus litterarum) and the development of the subject, the life and work of Silius Italicus, reuses the prose of a scholar of the eighteenth century: Nicolaus Funccius (De imminenti linguae Latinae senectute). In sum, we have managed to consider the historical significance of this Oratio and the way it combines the sixteenth century Latin oratory with the literary scholarship of the eighteenth century, when Latin literature had the name of Latinae litterae or Historia Latinae linguae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a developing world where the demand for energy increases every day, the use of hybrid systems is a viable and important solution. The rivers present a significant potential for the electrical generation from the hydrokinetic use of the river currents, as well as the use of the solar radiation by means of the generation of photovoltaic solar energy for the electrical supply in rural areas. This paper presents a combination of both forms of electricity generation, photovoltaic generators and river turbine, to configure a hybrid system together with a subsystem of support based on hydrogen and batteries to guarantee the electrical supply of a set of isolated loads. The complete design of a hybrid system satisfies the energy requirements of a load. The methodology includes the optimal location of the turbine in a cross section of the river to maximize the performance of the hydroelectric generator, and the techno-economic study of all components of the hybrid system for an efficient use of renewable energy resources. The results show that the hybrid system provides the power demanded by the loads, hydroelectric and solar photovoltaic generation are optimized, and the battery storage subsystem loading status is kept avoiding deep discharges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CFD investigation of the behavior of a solar dryer for the dehydration of olive pomace Solar dehydration is a process that reduces the percentage of moisture in the product without using nonrenewable energy. The present research analyses the behavior of olive pomace in the drying process. This process is important due to the need to reduce its humidity since with low humidity, olive pomace has good energy potential and can be used as biomass. The drying curve is determined in which a reduction from 67.34 to 40.73% of humidity can be observed in 12 days of dehydration, and the lower heating value curve and the elemental analysis of the olive pomace sample collected in the olive mill are determined experimentally in the solar dehydrator and in a laboratory. The dehydrator is analyzed with the help of computational fluid dynamics in ANSYS Student software. In this study, attention was focused on observing the effects produced by variations in the height of the dehydration chamber, and it was determined that the optimal height of the dehydration chamber is 300 mm [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ascochyta blight, caused by Ascochyta fabae, poses a significant threat to faba bean and other legumes worldwide. Necrotic lesions on stems, leaves, and pods characterize the disease. Given the economic impact of this pathogen and the potential involvement of secondary metabolites in symptom development, a study was conducted to investigate the fungus's ability to produce bioactive metabolites that might contribute to its pathogenicity. For this investigation, the fungus was cultured in three substrates (Czapek-Dox, PDB, and rice). The produced metabolites were analyzed by NMR and LC-HRMS methods, resulting in the dereplication of seven metabolites, which varied with the cultural substrates. Ascochlorin, ascofuranol, and (R)-mevalonolactone were isolated from the Czapek-Dox extract; ascosalipyrone, benzoic acid, and tyrosol from the PDB extract; and ascosalitoxin and ascosalipyrone from the rice extract. The phytotoxicity of the pure metabolites was assessed at different concentrations on their primary hosts and related legumes. The fungal exudates displayed varying degrees of phytotoxicity, with the Czapek-Dox medium's exudate exhibiting the highest activity across almost all legumes tested. The species belonging to the genus Vicia spp. were the most susceptible, with faba bean being susceptible to all metabolites, at least at the highest concentration tested, as expected. In particular, ascosalitoxin and benzoic acid were the most phytotoxic in the tested condition and, as a consequence, expected to play an important role on necrosis's appearance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, different methods are utilized to solve the coordination issue involving directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) and distance relays. The proper coordination of DOCRs and distance relays is a critical issue for system security in electrical networks. Finding the DOCRs setting, pickup current(Ip) and timed dial setting (TDS), and operating time for zone-2 of distance relays is the primary objective of solving the coordination problem. The constant parameters A & B of the directional overcurrent relay that are responsible to control the form of the relay´s characteristics as well as the Ip and TDS have been regarded as variables in this problem. The optimal value for these four DOCR settings has been determined using different optimization techniques. The primary and backup relays must operate sequentially and without any violations, and this must be guaranteed by optimization techniques. In order to determine the operation time for zone-2 and DOCRs setting, optimization methods are examined utilizing the 8-bus and IEEE 30-bus networks. Different optimization algorithms, including recent and traditional techniques, are compared. The obtained results show the superiority of the genetic algorithm (GA) in solving the coordination problem of distance relays and DOCRs. Also, the obtained results prove the ability of the GA method compared to the particle swarm algorithm (PSO), grey wolf optimization (GWO), water cycle technique (WCA), equilibrium optimizer (EO), African vultures optimization algorithm (AVOA), flow direction algorithm (FDA), and gorilla troops optimizer (GTO) techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research presents the modelling and simulation of an innovative small-scale power system composed of a downdraft gasifier, an externally fired gas turbine (EFGT) and an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) as a bottoming unit for increasing the electrical energy generation. Olive tree pruning (217 kg/h) was the biomass used, producing more than 200 kWe and an electrical efficiency of 20.7%. The producer gas achieved suitable mole composition (H 2 : 14.8%, CO: 19.5%, CH 4 : 2.2%, CO 2 : 9.3%, H 2 O: 12.0% and N 2 : 41.5%), lower calorific value (4.53 MJ/kg) and gasification efficiency (89%). The hot producer gas was burnt directly at atmospheric pressure in an EFGT, producing 150 kW e and exhaust gases at 290 °C. Five ORC working fluids were studied to maximize the electricity generation: isopentane, benzene, cyclohexane, R113, R245fa. Isopentane was the most suitable fluid, reaching 57.1 kW e and 20.45% of ORC thermal efficiency. On the other hand, despite R113 gave minor electricity production (49.1 kW e ), this allowed to generate thermal power for CHP applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) allow for the building of applications that ease the labour of both software engineers and domain experts thanks to the level of abstraction they provide. In cases where the domain is restricted to Client-Side Web Applications (CSWA), XML-based languages, frameworks and widgets are commonly combined in order to provide fast, robust and flexible solutions. This article presents an approach designed to create XML-based DSL solutions for CSWA that includes an evaluation engine, a programming model and a lightweight development environment. The approach is able to evaluate multiple XML-based DSL programs simultaneously to provide solutions to those Domain Specific Problems for CSWAs. To better demonstrate the capabilities and potential of this novel approach, we will employ a couple of case studies, namely Anisha and FeedPsi . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of this study is on solving the coordination problem between distance relays (DISRs) and directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs), which is a complex nonlinear problem with various constraints. Ensuring proper coordination between DOCRs and distance relays is critical for maintaining the security of electrical networks. The primary objective of employing optimization algorithms is to determine the optimal operating time for zone-2 of distance relays, as well as the DOCRs setting, time dial setting (TDS), and pickup current (Ipickup). The optimization techniques must also guarantee that the primary and backup relays operate in sequence without any violation. To this end, both recent and well-established optimization algorithms are evaluated using an 8-bus network, with the aim of determining the DOCRs setting and the optimal operating time for zone-2 of distance relays. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of different optimization algorithms, including both traditional and recent techniques, is conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy resources (RERs) are widely integrated into electrical systems to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and emissions. The energy management of microgrids (MGs) is a challenging task due to uncertainty about EVs and RERs. In this regard, an improved version of the RUNge Kutta optimizer (RUN) was developed to solve the energy management of MGs and assign the optimal charging powers of the EVs for reducing the operating cost. The improved RUN optimizer is based on two improved strategies: Weibull flight distribution (WFD) and a fitness–distance balance selection (FDB) strategy, which are applied to the conventional RUN optimizer to improve its performance and searching ability. In this paper, the energy management of MGs is solved both at a deterministic level (i.e., without considering the uncertainties of the system) and while considering the uncertainties of the system, with and without a smart charging strategy for EVs. The studied MG consists of two diesel generators, two wind turbines (WTs), three fuel cells (FCs), an electrical vehicle charging station and interconnected loads. The obtained results reveal that the proposed algorithm is efficient for solving the EM of the MG compared to the other algorithms. In addition, the operating cost is reduced with the optimal charging strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work proposes the relevance of studying the literary tradition of Federico García Lorca's “Soneto gongorino en que el poeta manda a su amor una paloma" (“Sonnet in the Style of Góngora in which the Poet Sends His Beloved a Dove") from the theoretical basis of the aesthetic criticism of his time. We refer, above all, to the overcoming of the inherited historicist positivism of the nineteenth century. Pedro Salinas summarizes this attitude well when he conceives the literary tradition as an accumulation of stimuli whose components, while belonging to the past, become absolutely current at the moment of creation. It is a tradition that overcomes the concept of “source" and leans towards style and dialog between texts. García Lorca's “Soneto gongorino" is a good example of this; its gongorism resides in a double relationship: one raised by its audacious lexical junctions and another that offers us reminiscences of other possible texts of that tradition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to establish the basis of what in the future will be the Hispanic Dictionary of the Classical Tradition (DHTC). The entries of this dictionary will be conducted from two criteria: (a) fundamental concepts and methods of the classical tradition, from initial positivity to new theories about the text, and (b) names of modern scholars who have resulted in its history and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes the generalised unified power flow controller (GUPFC) model in the hybrid current power mismatch Newton–Raphson formulation (HPCIM). In this model, active power, real and imaginary current components are injected at the terminals of series impedances of GUPFC. These injected values are calculated during the iterative process based on the desired controlled values and buses voltage at the terminals of GUPFC. The parameters of GUPFC can be calculated during the iterative process and the final values are updated after load flow convergence. Using the developed GUPFC model, the original structure and symmetry of the admittance and Jacobian matrices can still be kept, the changing of Jacobian matrix is eliminated. Consequently, the complexities of the computer load flow program codes with GUPFC are reduced. The HPCIM load flow code with the proposed model is written in C++ programming language. Where, the SuperLU library is utilised to handle the sparse Jacobian matrix. The proposed model has been validated using the standard IEEE test systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to conduct a reflection on the new reality that has occurred in the context of the present discipline of the Classical Tradition: the emergence of Reception Studies, in order to rereading Greek and Latin Classics over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, an improved version of an African vultures optimization algorithm (AVOA), known as MAVOA is applied to solve the coordination issue between distance relays and directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs). The suggested method enhances the balance between exploration and exploitation features for the AVOA algorithm in order to find the optimal DOCR settings and operating time for zone‐2 distance relays. In 8‐bus, IEEE 30‐bus, and IEEE 39‐bus networks, the ability of the MAVOA technique to find the optimal solution for the coordination between DOCRs and distance relays is evaluated. Both MAVOA and AVOA algorithms are assessed in the case of standard and non‐standard DOCR characteristic curves. The results indicate the significant superiority of the suggested MAVOA algorithm in solving the coordination issue of the combined DOCR and distance relays. The reduction in operating time for DOCRs and zone‐2 of distance relays decreased by about 30% compared to the conventional AVOA technique. The results also prove the MAVOA's superiority over the recently developed algorithm and other algorithms in solving the coordination problem of the combined DOCRs and distance relays. Additionally, the total operating time for the non‐standard characteristic curve for DOCRs results in a reduction of the overall operating time of primary relays of more than 15%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Borges’ relationship with Latin, and in particular with the work of Virgil was almost lifelong, and helps to explain Borges’ poetics. This paper will trace and explore this relationship, from the very early works such asFervor de Buenos AiresandLuna de enfrente, to his late work, in particularLos conjurados. Two key elements are essential in this analysis: a number of verses from Virgil’s first Eclogue, and the city of Geneva, a place of origins and endings. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A decentralized recurrent wavelet first-order neural network (RWFONN) structure is presented. The use of a wavelet Morlet activation function allows proposing a neural structure in continuous time of a single layer and a single neuron in order to identify online in a series-parallel configuration, using the filtered error (FE) training algorithm, the dynamics behavior of each joint for a two-degree-of-freedom (DOF) vertical robot manipulator, whose parameters such as friction and inertia are unknown. Based on the RWFONN subsystem, a decentralized neural controller is designed via backstepping approach. The performance of the decentralized wavelet neural controller is validated via real-time results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a facile incorporation of a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) into the fast decoupled (FD) load flow method. The model is based on power injection formulation. The SSSC is represented by a series impedance and two power injection loads at the terminal nodes. These power injection loads are based on the specified power flow and updated during the iterative process. This developed model of SSSC can be implemented easily in the FD load flow method without changing in the basic computational algorithm. The developed model overcomes the problem of power flow SSSC model which exists when only the SSSC links two subnetworks. The FD load flow with the power injection model of SSSC has been validated using standard IEEE data. © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a simple implementation of Static Shunt Compensator (STATCOM) into Newton-Raphson current injection load flow method. The controlled STATCOM bus in the network is represented by voltage-controlled bus with zero active power generation at the required voltage magnitudes. The power mismatch equation of the connected STATCOM bus is included in Newton-Raphson current injection load flow algorithm, while the other PQ buses are represented by current mismatch equations. Moreover, the parameters of STATCOM can be calculated during iterative process and the final value will be updated after the convergence is achieved. This representation of generator buses reduces the number of required equations with respect to the classical and improved versions of the current injection methods. In addition of that the developed model reduces the complexities of the computer program codes and enhances the reusability by avoiding modifications in the Jacobian matrix. The performance of the developed STATCOM model has been tested using standard IEEE systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Spain, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the various regions of the country differently. The availability of reliable and up-to-date information has proved to be fundamental for the management of this health crisis. However, especially during the first wave of the pandemic (February–August 2020), the disparity in the recording criteria and in the timing of providing these figures to the central government created controversy and confusion regarding the real dimension of the pandemic. It is therefore necessary to have objective and homogeneous criteria at the national level to guide health managers in the correct recording and evaluation of the magnitude of the pandemic. Within this context, we propose using Benford's Law as an auditing tool to monitor the reliability of the number of daily COVID-related deaths to identify possible deviations from the expected trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article a new bidirectional output stage ultra-sparse matrix converter (BOSUMC) is presented. This converter is designed for connecting a hybrid electrical system to a distributed generation network. The proposed converter comprises an input stage and an output stage with six bidirectional switches in such a way that both the input and output stages are linked with a DC link, which can be coupled to an electrolyser and a fuel cell. The converter allows the current to flow in both ways in its output stage, and if there is an excess of energy in the network, it can be transformed into electric direct current and later into hydrogen for its exploitation. For verifying the control algorithm of the BOSUMC, a laboratory prototype has been prepared using among other elements a Spectrum Digital eZdsp™ TMS320F2812 card. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

As Dr. Holford-Strevens discovered, the first Spanish translation of Aulus Gellius (Navarro y Calvo 1893) is actually an indirect translation from Latin. Navarro y Calvo also used a French text that draws on the textual tradition of Gronovius, although the Spanish translator misinterpreted some of the French words. The scarce academic interest that the Spanish translation has aroused up to now contrasts with the significant role that this work plays for having transferred Gelius' text into the modern Spanish cultural field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formulation of the concept of classicus, referred to the most distinguished authors, appears the first time in the 2nd century A.D. It derives from a metaphorical use of the term, understood in its oldest meaning (at the beginning classicus refered to an old social division based on the financial solvency of each citizen, and established in Rome during Servius Tullius' time). Therefore, the metaphorical use of classicus refers to the best archaic Latin writers, as if they were the ideal inhabitants of an old literary Rome. The term classicus undergoes many modifications throughout History, until Italo Calvino made the last big formulation of the term at the end of the 20th century. In short, there is an evolution from a hierarchic conception to an open and more personal idea of the "classics". Despite all these changes, between the first and the last formulation it happens to be a surprising connecting thread: an invisible city and a Latin author that lives there. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a review of microvascular dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and an interesting case of a symptomatic familial HCM patient with inducible ischemia by single photon emission computed tomography. Coronary angiography revealed normal epicardial arteries. Pressure wire measurements of fractional flow reserve (FFR), coronary flow reserve (CFR) and index of microvascular resistance (IMR) demonstrated a significant microcirculatory dysfunction. This is the first such case that documents this abnormality invasively using the IMR. The measurement of IMR, a novel marker of microcirculatory dysfunction, provides novel insights into the pathophysiology of this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several phenomena in nature are subjected to the interaction of various physical parameters, which, if these latter are well known, allow us to predict the behavior of such phenomena. In most cases, these physical parameters are not exactly known, or even more these are unknown, so identification techniques could be employed in order to estimate their values. Systems for which their inputs and outputs vary both temporally and spatially are the so-called distributed parameter systems (DPSs) modeled through partial differential equations (PDEs). The way in which their parameters evolve with respect to time may not always be known and may also induce undesired behavior of the dynamics of the system. To reverse the above, the well-known adaptive boundary control technique can be used to estimate the unknown parameters assuring a stable behavior of the dynamics of the system. In this work, we focus our attention on the design of an adaptive boundary control for a parabolic type reaction–advection–diffusion PDE under the assumption of unknown parameters for both advection and reaction terms and Robin and Neumann boundary conditions. An identifier PDE system is established and parameter update laws are designed following the certainty equivalence approach with a passive identifier. The performance of the adaptive Neumann stabilizing controller is validated via numerical simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the specific use that some modern authors have made of Greek and Latin quotations in order to build their scary stories, from the second half of the eighteenth century to the twentieth century. Quotations from Plinius the Younger, Aulus Gelius or Vergil had an important presence in these accounts, where they were re-read from the view of modern Gothic aesthetics. The way new authors get knowledge of Greek and Latin texts is not always the same: anthologies, citations from rare works, or school readings play different roles when using the ancient authors in a modern novel. This paper will deal with works by Charles Maturin, Jan Potocki, Edgar Allan Poe, Marcel Schwob and Jorge Luis Borges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: As a result of increasing wind farms penetration in power systems, the wind farms begin to influence power system, and thus the modelling of wind farms has become an interesting research topic. Nowadays, doubly fed induction generator based on wind turbine is the most widely used technology for wind farms due to its main advantages such as high-energy efficiency and controllability, and improved power quality. When the impact of a wind farm on power systems is studied, the behavior of the wind farm at the point common coupling to grid can be represented by an equivalent model derived from the aggregation of wind turbines into an equivalent wind turbine, instead of the complete model including the modelling of all the wind turbines. In this paper, a new equivalent model of wind farms with doubly fed induction generator wind turbines is proposed to represent the collective response of the wind farm by one single equivalent wind turbine, even although the aggregated wind turbines operate receiving different incoming winds. The effectiveness of the equivalent model to represent the collective response of the wind farm is demonstrated by comparing the simulation results of equivalent and complete models both during normal operation and grid disturbances. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Toda época asiste a cambios culturales y sociales. En algunos momentos como los actuales parece que esos cambios aumentan su velocidad. El Derecho es a la vez instrumento y manifestación de esos cambios. En el presente trabajo se pone de manifiesto cómo detrás de cualquier regulación jurídica late un contenido implícito. Desentrañarlo enriquece el análisis estrictamente jurídico, a la vez que sirve de fundamento al didlogo interdisciplinar entre estudiosos del Derecho y cultivadores de otras disciplinas, sin abdicación de los métodos propios de cada ciencia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper presents a method for the optimal location and sizing of biomass fuelled gas turbine power plants. Both profitability in using biomass and power loss are considered in the cost function. The first step is to assess the plant size that maximizes the profitability of the project. The second step is to determine the optimal location of the gas turbines in the electric system to minimize the power loss of the system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper presents a study of fuzzy Hammerstein models as part of a model predictive control strategy. The model configuration includes a nonlinear static block followed by a linear dynamic block, where the static nonlinearity is represented by a fuzzy model. The model and controller have been realized in the MATLAB environment. Simulation examples demonstrate the potential of such structured models for application to the control of a solid oxide fuel cell. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Micro-turbine operation is restricted due to mechanical, thermal, and flow limitations. Model predictive control is selected because it can explicitly handle the nonlinearities, and constraints of many variables in a single control formulation. The Hammerstein models are particular kinds of nonlinear systems where the nonlinear block is static and is accompanied by a linear system. This paper suggests a model-based controller for the regulation of a micro-turbine. The performances using both the linear and Hammerstein models are studied with constraints. The results show the capabilities of the proposed control to track a periodic reference trajectory and a significantly better closed-loop response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The complexity of the solid oxide fuel cell requires the use of very large computers. For this reason, models based on various engineering assumptions have been created so that the numerical calculations may be performed on small personal computers. The Hammerstein models are special kinds of nonlinear systems where the nonlinear block is static and is followed by a linear system. This method is applied to model the static and dynamic characteristics of the solid oxide fuel cell. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]