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Today, the livelihoods of many local communities on the edge of protected areas depend on the resources and ecosystem services of these areas. Given that protected areas, especially drylands, are vulnerable ecosystems due to limited resources and environmental pressures such as climate change and human disturbance, the use of protected areas' resources and ecosystem services is severely restricted. are faced with dealing with resources. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a specific sustainable livelihood diversification strategy to guide the cooperative protection of protected areas and the sustainable and reasonable use of the resources and services of these ecosystems by local communities and the beneficiaries of these areas. This study, using the Participatory Rural Assessment (PRA) method, identified and analyzed stakeholders and beneficiaries of Mote National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary. The identified stakeholders were then invited to a joint workshop to formulate strategies for sustainable livelihoods in the study area, and during the brainstorming and criteria weighted comparison matrix phases, the identified livelihoods were ranked and a diversification strategy for sustainable livelihoods was presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In today's competitive world, employees turnover is one of the major problems of organizations, result in many investments being easily lost. The present research was conducted to determine the effect of perceived organizational support of mental health and emotional commitment on turnover with the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. Method: This research statistical population was the Khalesazan Roy Company employees. Using Cochran's formula, the statistical sample size was equal to 73 people. In this research, a convenient sampling method was used. SPSS and smartPLS softwares were also used for data analysis. Results: The direct effect of emotional commitment on turnover tendency is confirmed with a t-value of 4.040. The direct effect of Percieved organizational support of mental health on emotional commitment is confirmed with t-value 9.021. The direct effect of organizational citizenship behavior on the tendency to turnover is confirmed with a t-value of 2.296. The direct effect of emotional commitment on organizational citizenship behavior is confirmed with a t-value of 5.060. Discussion: In today's competitive world, maintaining capable and loyal employees has become an important issue for organizations; And the tendency of employees for quit the organization threatens this issue. Various factors affect the willingness to leave the organization. In this research, the effect of perceptual organizational support of mental health, emotional commitment and organizational citizenship behavior on the tendency of turnover the organization was investigated. According to the results, hypothesis 1 was confirmed, therefore emotional commitment has a positive effect on reducing the tendency of turnover. This result is consistent with the research results of Parizadeh et al., (2019), Ghorbanzadeh et al (2021), Shahtahmasbi & Mazarei (2020). Hypothesis 2 was also confirmed and the percieved organizational support of mental health has a positive effect on the emotional commitment, which is consistent with the results of the researches of Mehdibeigi (2017) and Doai & Barjalilou (2019). Organizational citizenship behavior has a negative effect on tendency of turnover, and hypothesis 3 was also confirmed, which means that organizational citizenship behavior affects reducing the tendency of turnover. This finding is consistent with the results of Shahtahmasbi & Mazarei (2020) and Qaidamini Harouni et al (2017). Hypothesis 4 was also confirmed, so emotional commitment has a positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior, which is consistent with the results of Katebi Jahromi et al. (2021), Moini Karbkandi & Azar (2020) and Malek Shaoar (2015). According to the confirmation of hypotheses 3 and 4, the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior in the relationship of emotional commitment on tendency of turnover was also confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the important role of environmental amenities such as ecosystem services on human well-being, this study investigates the unfair distribution of access to urban cooling ecosystem services in Tehran in order to examine urban environmental justice through the following methodological steps: (1) mapping socio-economic inequality through eleven indicators reflecting socio-economic status ranked by TOPSIS, (2) exploring urban land surface temperature (LST) by applying the mono-window algorithm, (3) estimating canopy cover, and (4) applying distributional justice dimensions through demand, supply, and access to urban cooling ecosystem services. The results revealed that urban cooling ecosystem service demand was high in districts with lower socio-economic status ranking. Cooling ecosystem service supply was high in northern districts with higher socio-economic status. This study indicates that residents of Tehran are confronting urban injustice in terms of the distribution pattern of urban cooling ecosystem services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite its environmental and social benefits, urban development has also led to severe problems such as air pollution, especially in megacities with escalating population growth like Tehran, the capital of Iran. This study aims to analyze the spatial correlation between air pollutants' emission and the socioeconomic status of urban districts, with an emphasis on environmental justice, in order to make a contribution to the quantitative analysis of environmental inequalities in Tehran. Thus, a quantitative spatial analysis was carried out by a geographically weighted regression model in order to compare the relationship between the emission of air pollutants from mobile and stationary sources in selected urban districts and the socioeconomic status of these districts. The results showed that, of all the 22 districts of Tehran, district 3 had the highest and district 18 the lowest rank in terms of socioeconomic status. It was concluded that districts with better socioeconomic statuses emit more pollutants, while they are less exposed to the subsequent risks, which implies environmental injustice in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a novel surgical technique liver resection in traditionally nonresectable primary intrahepatic tumors or colorectal liver metastases. Materials and Methods: From June 2013 to March 2014, patients with primary tumor of liver or colorectal tumors with liver metastasis were selected to evaluate whether they met the initial criteria for ALPPS procedure. Results: Nine patients enrolled in the study with primary diagnoses of colon and rectosigmoid cancer, carcinoid tumor, gastrointestinal stromal tumor of small intestine, hepatocellular carcinoma, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET). Four candidates excluded from the study prior or during the first step operation due to fatty liver, hepatic fibrosis, peritoneal seeding, and multiple small intestine metastases. Five patients underwent two stages of ALPPS with the interval of about 1 week. Liver hypertrophy was 100% among our candidates after the initial step. One postoperative death happened because of massive pulmonary thromboembolism Recurrence of liver metastasis was seen in one patient. Hepatic failure Class B and A were observed in two patients which did not progress during follow-up period. One patient developed an enterocutaneous fistula. Discussion: We recommend to use 2 organ bags, one for wrapping right lobe and the other one for covering visceral organs and also do liver biopsy in suspicious cases of damaged liver parenchyma and laparoscopic exploration of abdomen for seeding and multiple metastases prior to laparotomy. Conclusion: As the procedure has not been well established and verified by oncologists yet, further studies are required to define the exact indications of ALPPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]