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1. The ELT-MOS (MOSAIC): towards the construction phase

Author

Morris, Simon, Hammer, François, Jagourel, Pascal, Evans, Christopher J., Puech, Mathieu, Dalton, Gavin B., Rodrigues, Myriam, Sanchez-Janssen, Ruben, Fitzsimons, Ewan, Barbuy, Beatriz, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Kaper, Lex, Roth, Martin, Rousset, Gérard, Myers, Richard, Fèvre, Olivier Le, Finogenov, Alexis, Kotilainen, Jari, Castilho, Bruno, Ostlin, Goran, Feltzing, Sofia, Korn, Andreas, Gallego, Jesus, Morales, África Castillo, Iglesias-Páramo, Jorge, Pentericci, Laura, Ziegler, Bodo, Afonso, Jose, Dubbledam, Marc, Close, Madeline, Parr-Burman, Phil, Morris, Timothy J., Chemla, Fanny, De Frondat, Fatima, Kelz, Andreas, Guinouard, Isabelle, Lewis, Ian J., Middleton, Kevin, Navarro, Ramon, Pragt, Marie LarrieuJohan, Janssen, Annemieke, Dohlen, Kjetil, Hadi, Kacem El, Gendron, Éric, Yang, Yanbin, Wells, Martyn, Conan, Jean-Marc, Fusco, Thierry, Schaerer, Daniel, Bergin, Ted, Taburet, Sylvestre, Frotin, Mickaël, and Berkourn, Nadia

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

When combined with the huge collecting area of the ELT, MOSAIC will be the most effective and flexible Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS) facility in the world, having both a high multiplex and a multi-Integral Field Unit (Multi-IFU) capability. It will be the fastest way to spectroscopically follow-up the faintest sources, probing the reionisation epoch, as well as evaluating the evolution of the dwarf mass function over most of the age of the Universe. MOSAIC will be world-leading in generating an inventory of both the dark matter (from realistic rotation curves with MOAO fed NIR IFUs) and the cool to warm-hot gas phases in z=3.5 galactic haloes (with visible wavelenth IFUs). Galactic archaeology and the first massive black holes are additional targets for which MOSAIC will also be revolutionary. MOAO and accurate sky subtraction with fibres have now been demonstrated on sky, removing all low Technical Readiness Level (TRL) items from the instrument. A prompt implementation of MOSAIC is feasible, and indeed could increase the robustness and reduce risk on the ELT, since it does not require diffraction limited adaptive optics performance. Science programmes and survey strategies are currently being investigated by the Consortium, which is also hoping to welcome a few new partners in the next two years., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, Submitted to SPIE Proceedings, AS18

Published
2018

2. Simulating Surveys for ELT-MOSAIC: Status of the MOSAIC Science Case after Phase A

Author

Puech, M., Evans, C. J., Disseau, K., Japelj, J., Ramírez-Agudelo, O. H., Rahmani, H., Trevisan, M., Wang, J. L., Rodrigues, M., Sánchez-Janssen, R., Yang, Y., Hammer, F., Kaper, L., Morris, S. L., Barbuy, B., Cuby, J. -G., Dalton, G., Fitzsimons, E., Jagourel, P., and Team, the MOSAIC Science

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present the consolidated scientific case for multi-object spectroscopy with the MOSAIC concept on the European ELT. The cases span the full range of ELT science and require either 'high multiplex' or 'high definition' observations to best exploit the excellent sensitivity and wide field-of-view of the telescope. Following scientific prioritisation by the Science Team during the recent Phase A study of the MOSAIC concept, we highlight four key surveys designed for the instrument using detailed simulations of its scientific performance. We discuss future ways to optimise the conceptual design of MOSAIC in Phase B, and illustrate its competitiveness and unique capabilities by comparison with other facilities that will be available in the 2020s., Comment: Paper presented at SPIE 2018 - Ground-based and Airbone Instrumentation for Astronomy VII

Published
2018

3. Developing an integrated concept for the E-ELT Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOSAIC): design issues and trade-offs

Author

Rodrigues, Myriam, Dalton, Gavin, Fitzsimons, Ewan, Chemla, Fanny, Morris, Tim, Hammer, Francois, Puech, Mathieu, Evans, Christopher, and Jagourel, Pascal

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a discussion of the design issues and trade-offs that have been considered in putting together a new concept for MOSAIC, the multi-object spectrograph for the E-ELT. MOSAIC aims to address the combined science cases for E-ELT MOS that arose from the earlier studies of the multi-object and multi-adaptive optics instruments. MOSAIC combines the advantages of a highly-multiplexed instrument targeting single-point objects with one which has a more modest multiplex but can spatially resolve a source with high resolution (IFU). These will span across two wavebands: visible and near-infrared.

Published
2016
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4. The E-ELT Multi-Object Spectrograph: latest news from MOSAIC

Author

Hammer, F., Morris, S., Kaper, L., Barbuy, B., Cuby, J. G., Roth, M., Jagourel, P., Evans, C. J., Puech, M., Fitzsimons, E., Dalton, G., and Rodrigues, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

There are 8000 galaxies, including 1600 at z larger than 1.6, which could be simultaneously observed in an E-ELT field of view of 40 sq. arcmin. A considerable fraction of astrophysical discoveries require large statistical samples, which can only be obtained with multi-object spectrographs (MOS). MOSAIC will provide a vast discovery space, enabled by a multiplex of 200 and spectral resolving powers of R=5000 and 20000. MOSAIC will also offer the unique capability of more than 10 "high-definition" (multi-object adaptive optics, MOAO) integral-field units, optimised to investigate the physics of the sources of reionization. The combination of these modes will make MOSAIC the world-leading MOS facility, contributing to all fields of contemporary astronomy, from extra-solar planets, to the study of the halo of the Milky Way and its satellites, and from resolved stellar populations in nearby galaxies out to observations of the earliest "first-light" structures in the Universe. It will also study the distribution of the dark and ordinary matter at all scales and epochs of the Universe. Recent studies of critical technical issues such as sky-background subtraction and MOAO have demonstrated that such a MOS is feasible with state-of-the-art technology and techniques. Current studies of the MOSAIC team include further trade-offs on the wavelength coverage, a solution for compensating for the non-telecentric new design of the telescope, and tests of the saturation of skylines especially in the near-IR bands. In the 2020s the E-ELT will become the world's largest optical/IR telescope, and we argue that it has to be equipped as soon as possible with a MOS to provide the most efficient, and likely the best way to follow-up on James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations., Comment: 10 pages, 3 Figures, in Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI, 2016, Proc. SPIE

Published
2016
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5. Science Requirements and Trade-offs for the MOSAIC Instrument for the European ELT

Author

Evans, C. J., Puech, M., Rodrigues, M., Barbuy, B., Cuby, J. -G., Dalton, G., Fitzsimons, E., Hammer, F., Jagourel, P., Kaper, L., Morris, S. L., and Morris, T. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Building on the comprehensive White Paper on the scientific case for multi-object spectroscopy on the European ELT, we present the top-level instrument requirements that are being used in the Phase A design study of the MOSAIC concept. The assembled cases span the full range of E-ELT science and generally require either 'high multiplex' or 'high definition' observations to best exploit the excellent sensitivity and spatial performance of the telescope. We highlight some of the science studies that are now being used in trade-off studies to inform the capabilities of MOSAIC and its technical design., Comment: 12 pages, in Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI, 2016, Proc. SPIE 9908, 9J

Published
2016
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6. MOSAIC: a Multi-Object Spectrograph for the E-ELT

Author

Kelz, Andreas, Hammer, Francois, Jagourel, Pascal, and consortium, the MOSAIC

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The instrumentation plan for the European-Extremely Large Telescope foresees a Multi-Object Spectrograph (E-ELT MOS). The MOSAIC project is proposed by a European-Brazilian consortium, to provide a unique MOS facility for astrophysics, studies of the inter-galactic medium and for cosmology. The science cases range from spectroscopy of the most distant galaxies, mass assembly and evolution of galaxies, via resolved stellar populations and galactic archaeology, to planet formation studies. A further strong driver are spectroscopic follow-up observations of targets that will be discovered with the James Webb Space Telescope., Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables, conference: Multi-Object Spectroscopy in the Next Decade, La Palma, 2015, to be published in Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series (ASPCS)

Published
2015

7. Science Case and Requirements for the MOSAIC Concept for a Multi-Object Spectrograph for the European Extremely Large Telescope

Author

Evans, C. J., Puech, M., Barbuy, B., Bonifacio, P., Cuby, J. -G., Guenther, E., Hammer, F., Jagourel, P., Kaper, L., Morris, S. L., Afonso, J., Amram, P., Aussel, H., Basden, A., Bastian, N., Battaglia, G., Biller, B., Bouché, N., Caffau, E., Charlot, S., Clenet, Y., Combes, F., Conselice, C., Contini, T., Dalton, G., Davies, B., Disseau, K., Dunlop, J., Fiore, F., Flores, H., Fusco, T., Gadotti, D., Gallazzi, A., Giallongo, E., Gonçalves, T., Gratadour, D., Hill, V., Huertas-Company, M., Ibata, R., Larsen, S., Fèvre, O. Le, Lemasle, B., Maraston, C., Mei, S., Mellier, Y., Östlin, G., Paumard, T., Pello, R., Pentericci, L., Petitjean, P., Roth, M., Rouan, D., Schaerer, D., Telles, E., Trager, S., Welikala, N., Zibetti, S., and Ziegler, B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Over the past 18 months we have revisited the science requirements for a multi-object spectrograph (MOS) for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). These efforts span the full range of E-ELT science and include input from a broad cross-section of astronomers across the ESO partner countries. In this contribution we summarise the key cases relating to studies of high-redshift galaxies, galaxy evolution, and stellar populations, with a more expansive presentation of a new case relating to detection of exoplanets in stellar clusters. A general requirement is the need for two observational modes to best exploit the large (>40 sq. arcmin) patrol field of the E-ELT. The first mode ('high multiplex') requires integrated-light (or coarsely resolved) optical/near-IR spectroscopy of >100 objects simultaneously. The second ('high definition'), enabled by wide-field adaptive optics, requires spatially-resolved, near-IR of >10 objects/sub-fields. Within the context of the conceptual study for an ELT-MOS called MOSAIC, we summarise the top-level requirements from each case and introduce the next steps in the design process., Comment: 17 pages, to be published in Proc SPIE 9147: Ground-based & Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy V

Published
2014
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8. MOONS: a Multi-Object Optical and Near-infrared Spectrograph for the VLT

Author

Cirasuolo, M., Afonso, J., Bender, R., Bonifacio, P., Evans, C., Kaper, L., Oliva, E., Vanzi, L., Abreu, M., Atad-Ettedgui, E., Babusiaux, C., Bauer, F., Best, P., Bezawada, N., Bryson, I., Cabral, A., Caputi, K., Centrone, M., Chemla, F., Cimatti, A., Cioni, M-R., Clementini, G., Coelho, J., Daddi, E., Dunlop, J., Feltzing, S., Ferguson, A., Flores, H., Fontana, A., Fynbo, J., Garilli, B., Glauser, A., Guinouard, I., Hammer, F., Hastings, P., Hess, A., Ivison, R., Jagourel, P., Jarvis, M., Kauffman, G., Lawrence, A., Lee, D., Licausi, G., Lilly, S., Lorenzetti, D., Maiolino, R., Mannucci, F., McLure, R., Minniti, D., Montgomery, D., Muschielok, B., Nandra, K., Navarro, R., Norberg, P., Origlia, L., Padilla, N., Peacock, J., Pedicini, F., Pentericci, L., Pragt, J., Puech, M., Randich, S., Renzini, A., Ryde, N., Rodrigues, M., Royer, F., Saglia, R., Sanchez, A., Schnetler, H., Sobral, D., Speziali, R., Todd, S., Tolstoy, E., Torres, M., Venema, L., Vitali, F., Wegner, M., Wells, M., Wild, V., and Wright, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

MOONS is a new conceptual design for a Multi-Object Optical and Near-infrared Spectrograph for the Very Large Telescope (VLT), selected by ESO for a Phase A study. The baseline design consists of 1000 fibers deployable over a field of view of 500 square arcmin, the largest patrol field offered by the Nasmyth focus at the VLT. The total wavelength coverage is 0.8um-1.8um and two resolution modes: medium resolution and high resolution. In the medium resolution mode (R=4,000-6,000) the entire wavelength range 0.8um-1.8um is observed simultaneously, while the high resolution mode covers simultaneously three selected spectral regions: one around the CaII triplet (at R=8,000) to measure radial velocities, and two regions at R=20,000 one in the J-band and one in the H-band, for detailed measurements of chemical abundances. The grasp of the 8.2m Very Large Telescope (VLT) combined with the large multiplex and wavelength coverage of MOONS - extending into the near-IR - will provide the observational power necessary to study galaxy formation and evolution over the entire history of the Universe, from our Milky Way, through the redshift desert and up to the epoch of re-ionization at z>8-9. At the same time, the high spectral resolution mode will allow astronomers to study chemical abundances of stars in our Galaxy, in particular in the highly obscured regions of the Bulge, and provide the necessary follow-up of the Gaia mission. Such characteristics and versatility make MOONS the long-awaited workhorse near-IR MOS for the VLT, which will perfectly complement optical spectroscopy performed by FLAMES and VIMOS., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical Instrumentation + Telescopes conference, Amsterdam, 2012

Published
2012
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9. The EAGLE instrument for the E-ELT: developments since delivery of Phase A

Author

Morris, Simon L., Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Dubbeldam, Marc, Evans, Christopher, Fusco, Thierry, Jagourel, Pascal, Myers, Richard, Parr-Burman, Phil, Rousset, Gerard, and Schnetler, Hermine

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The EAGLE instrument is a Multi-Object Adaptive Optics (MOAO) fed, multiple Integral Field Spectrograph (IFS), working in the Near Infra-Red (NIR), on the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). A Phase A design study was delivered to the European Southern Observatory (ESO) leading to a successful review in October 2009. Since that time there have been a number of developments, which we summarize here. Some of these developments are also described in more detail in other submissions at this meeting. The science case for the instrument, while broad, highlighted in particular: understanding the stellar populations of galaxies in the nearby universe, the observation of the evolution of galaxies during the period of rapid stellar build-up between redshifts of 2-5, and the search for 'first light' in the universe at redshifts beyond 7. In the last 2 years substantial progress has been made in these areas, and we have updated our science case to show that EAGLE is still an essential facility for the E-ELT. This in turn allowed us to revisit the science requirements for the instrument, confirming most of the original decisions, but with one modification. The original location considered for the instrument (a gravity invariant focal station) is no longer in the E-ELT Construction Proposal, and so we have performed some preliminary analyses to show that the instrument can be simply adapted to work at the E-ELT Nasmyth platform. Since the delivery of the Phase A documentation, MOAO has been demonstrated on-sky by the CANARY experiment at the William Herschel Telescope., Comment: 10 pages, SPIE Conference proceedings, Amsterdam, July 2012

Published
2012
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10. Multi-Object Spectroscopy with the European ELT: Scientific synergies between EAGLE & EVE

Author

Evans, C. J., Barbuy, B., Bonifacio, P., Chemla, F., Cuby, J. -G., Dalton, G. B., Davies, B., Disseau, K., Dohlen, K., Flores, H., Gendron, E., Guinouard, I., Hammer, F., Hastings, P., Horville, D., Jagourel, P., Kaper, L., Laporte, P., Lee, D., Morris, S. L., Morris, T., Myers, R., Navarro, R., Parr-Burman, P., Petitjean, P., Puech, M., Rollinde, E., Rousset, G., Schnetler, H., Welikala, N., Wells, M., and Yang, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The EAGLE and EVE Phase A studies for instruments for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) originated from related top-level scientific questions, but employed different (yet complementary) methods to deliver the required observations. We re-examine the motivations for a multi-object spectrograph (MOS) on the E-ELT and present a unified set of requirements for a versatile instrument. Such a MOS would exploit the excellent spatial resolution in the near-infrared envisaged for EAGLE, combined with aspects of the spectral coverage and large multiplex of EVE. We briefly discuss the top-level systems which could satisfy these requirements in a single instrument at one of the Nasmyth foci of the E-ELT., Comment: 14 pages, to be published in Proc SPIE 8446: Ground-based & Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV

Published
2012
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11. 4MOST - 4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope

Author

de Jong, Roelof S., Bellido-Tirado, Olga, Chiappini, Cristina, Depagne, Éric, Haynes, Roger, Johl, Diane, Schnurr, Olivier, Schwope, Axel, Walcher, Jakob, Dionies, Frank, Haynes, Dionne, Kelz, Andreas, Kitaura, Francisco S., Lamer, Georg, Minchev, Ivan, Müller, Volker, Nuza, Sebastián E., Olaya, Jean-Christophe, Piffl, Tilmann, Popow, Emil, Steinmetz, Matthias, Ural, Uğur, Williams, Mary, Winkler, Roland, Wisotzki, Lutz, Ansorgb, Wolfgang R., Banerji, Manda, Solares, Eduardo Gonzalez, Irwin, Mike, Kennicutt Jr, Robert C., King, David, McMahon, Richard, Koposov, Sergey, Parry, Ian R., Walton, Nicholas A., Finger, Gert, Iwert, Olaf, Krumpe, Mirko, Lizon, Jean-Louis, Vincenzo, Mainieri, Amans, Jean-Philippe, Bonifacio, Piercarlo, Cohen, Mathieu, Francois, Patrick, Jagourel, Pascal, Mignot, Shan B., Royer, Frédéric, Sartoretti, Paola, Bender, Ralf, Grupp, Frank, Hess, Hans-Joachim, Lang-Bardl, Florian, Muschielok, Bernard, Böhringer, Hans, Boller, Thomas, Bongiorno, Angela, Brusa, Marcella, Dwelly, Tom, Merloni, Andrea, Nandra, Kirpal, Salvato, Mara, Pragt, Johannes H., Navarro, Ramón, Gerlofsma, Gerrit, Roelfsema, Ronald, Dalton, Gavin B., Middleton, Kevin F., Tosh, Ian A., Boeche, Corrado, Caffau, Elisabetta, Christlieb, Norbert, Grebel, Eva K., Hansen, Camilla, Koch, Andreas, Ludwig, Hans-G., Quirrenbach, Andreas, Sbordone, Luca, Seifert, Walter, Thimm, Guido, Trifonov, Trifon, Helmi, Amina, Trager, Scott C., Feltzing, Sofia, Korn, Andreas, and Boland, Wilfried

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The 4MOST consortium is currently halfway through a Conceptual Design study for ESO with the aim to develop a wide-field (>3 square degree, goal >5 square degree), high-multiplex (>1500 fibres, goal 3000 fibres) spectroscopic survey facility for an ESO 4m-class telescope (VISTA). 4MOST will run permanently on the telescope to perform a 5 year public survey yielding more than 20 million spectra at resolution R~5000 ({\lambda}=390-1000 nm) and more than 2 million spectra at R~20,000 (395-456.5 nm & 587-673 nm). The 4MOST design is especially intended to complement three key all-sky, space-based observatories of prime European interest: Gaia, eROSITA and Euclid. Initial design and performance estimates for the wide-field corrector concepts are presented. We consider two fibre positioner concepts, a well-known Phi-Theta system and a new R-Theta concept with a large patrol area. The spectrographs are fixed configuration two-arm spectrographs, with dedicated spectrographs for the high- and low-resolution. A full facility simulator is being developed to guide trade-off decisions regarding the optimal field-of-view, number of fibres needed, and the relative fraction of high-to-low resolution fibres. Mock catalogues with template spectra from seven Design Reference Surveys are simulated to verify the science requirements of 4MOST. The 4MOST consortium aims to deliver the full 4MOST facility by the end of 2018 and start delivering high-level data products for both consortium and ESO community targets a year later with yearly increments., Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical Instrumentation + Telescopes conference, Amsterdam, 2012. 15 pages, 16 figures

Published
2012
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12. EAGLE multi-object AO concept study for the E-ELT

Author

Rousset, G., Fusco, T., Assemat, F., Morris, T., Gendron, E., Myers, R., Brangier, M., Cohen, M., Dipper, N., Evans, C., Gratadour, D., Jagourel, P., Laporte, P., Mignant, D. Le, Puech, M., Robert, C., Schnetler, H., Taylor, W., Vidal, F., Cuby, J. -G., Lehnert, M., Morris, S., and Parr-Burman, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

EAGLE is the multi-object, spatially-resolved, near-IR spectrograph instrument concept for the E-ELT, relying on a distributed Adaptive Optics, so-called Multi Object Adaptive Optics. This paper presents the results of a phase A study. Using 84x84 actuator deformable mirrors, the performed analysis demonstrates that 6 laser guide stars and up to 5 natural guide stars of magnitude R<17, picked-up in a 7.3' diameter patrol field of view, allow us to obtain an overall performance in terms of Ensquared Energy of 35% in a 75x75 mas^2 spaxel at H band, whatever the target direction in the centred 5' science field for median seeing conditions. The computed sky coverage at galactic latitudes |b|~60 is close to 90%., Comment: 6 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the AO4ELT conference, held in Paris, 22-26 June 2009

Published
2010
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13. AO for MOSAIC, the E-ELT Multiple Object Spectrograph

Author

Morris, Tim, Basden, Alastair, Bey, Trisan, Chemla, Fanny, Cnan, Jean-Marc, Correia, Carlos, Dohlen, Kjetil, Fusco, Thierry, Gendron, Eric, Gratadour, Damien, Jagourel, Pascal, Myers, Richard, Neichel, Benoit, Petit, Cyril, Rees, Phil, and Rousset, Gerard

Subjects
Adaptive Optics, Multiple Object Spectroscopy
Abstract

MOSAIC is the proposed multiple object spectrograph for the E-ELT that will eventually combine two AO observing modes within a single instrument. MOSAIC will contain up to 20 open-loop multiple object AO channels feeding NIR IFUs in addition to up to 200 seeing-limited (or GLAO corrected) VIS – NIR fibre pickoffs. Wavefront tomography will be implemented using a combination of LGS and a few high-order NGS distributed across the field with the wavefront correction applied in a split open/closed loop configuration. MOSAIC will be the only E-ELT instrument planned that can utilize the full 10 arcminute diameter field of view, enabling highly efficient observing modes for this workhorse instrument. Use of the full E-ELT field inevitably requires a closer integration between the telescope control system and the instrument AO systems, however this can bring several potential benefits to overall system performance. Here we present the initial design concept and baseline performance of the MOSAIC instrument and AO system(s) taking advantage of the CANARY on-sky results and inheriting from the previous Phase A study of EAGLE. Finally, we will highlight areas of system performance and calibration that will require further analysis and trade-off during the course of the upcoming Phase A study.

Published
2015

14. Adaptive Optics Concept For Multi-Objects 3D Spectroscopy on ELTs

Author

Neichel, B., Fusco, T., Puech, M., Conan, J-M., Lelouarn, M., Gendron, E., Hammer, F., Rousset, G., Jagourel, P., and Bouchet, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

In this paper, we present a first comparison of different Adaptive Optics (AO) concepts to reach a given scientific specification for 3D spectroscopy on Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). We consider that a range of 30%-50% of Ensquarred Energy (EE) in H band (1.65um) and in an aperture size from 25 to 100mas is representative of the scientific requirements. From these preliminary choices, different kinds of AO concepts are investigated : Ground Layer Adaptive Optics (GLAO), Multi-Object AO (MOAO) and Laser Guide Stars AO (LGS). Using Fourier based simulations we study the performance of these AO systems depending on the telescope diameter., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures. To appear in IAU Symposium 232, edited by Whitelock, Leibundgut and Dennefeld

Published
2005
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15. Performance of the CFHT Adaptive Optics Bonnette

Author

Rigaut, F., Salmon, D., Arsenault, R., Thomas, J., Lai, O., Rouan, D., Veran, J. P., Gigan, P., Crampton, D., Fletcher, J. M., Stilburn, J., Boyer, C., and Jagourel, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Extensive results from the commissioning phase of PUEO, the adaptive optics instrument adaptor for the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope, are presented and discussed. Analyses of more than 750 images recorded with a CCD and a near-IR camera on 16 nights in wavelengths from B to H are used to derive the properties of the compensated wavefront and images in a variety of conditions. The performance characteristics of the system are analyzed and presented in several ways, in terms of delivered Strehl ratios, full-width-half-maxima, and quantities describing the improvements of both. A qualitative description is given of how the properties of the corrected images result from the structure function of the compensated phase. Under median seeing conditions, PUEO delivers essentially diffraction-limited images at H and K, images with FWHM ~0.1" at J and I, and provides significant gains down to B, with guide stars as faint as R = 14. During good conditions, substantial gains were realized with guide stars as faint as R = 17. A simple user-interface and software which automatically and continuously optimizes the mode gains during observations makes the operational efficiency extremely high. A few astronomical examples are briefly discussed., Comment: 18 pages plus 12 postscript figures. Accepted by PASP. Also available at http://www.hia.nrc.ca/science/preprint/preprint.html

Published
1997

16. Critical Components for XUV Probing of Laser Driven Shocks

Author

Stehlé, C., Lefèvre, R., Chaulagain, U., Champion, N., Barroso, P., Reix, F., Jagourel, P., Larour, J., Meltchakov, E., Mercier, R., Delmotte, F., Kozlova, M., Nejdl, J., Krus, M., Dostal, J., Prokupek, J., Constancias, C., Suzuki-Vidal, F., Acef, O., Sebban, Stéphane, editor, Gautier, Julien, editor, Ros, David, editor, and Zeitoun, Philippe, editor

Published
2014
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17. Characterization of Zn X-Ray Laser at PALS Centre, Its Applications in Dense Plasma Probing and Astrophysics

Author

Kozlova, M., Nejdl, J., Krus, M., Prokupek, J., Dostal, J., Rus, B., Klisnick, A., Meng, L., Tissandier, F., Stehlé, C., Lefevre, R., Chaulagain, U., Champion, N., Barroso, P., Reix, F., Jagourel, P., Larour, J., Delmotte, F., Constancias, C., Suzuki-Vidal, F., Acef, O., Sebban, Stéphane, editor, Gautier, Julien, editor, Ros, David, editor, and Zeitoun, Philippe, editor

Published
2014
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21. Première mondiale de l’optique adaptative en astronomie en 1989

Author

Fontanella, Jean-Claude, Jagourel, Pascal, Kern, Pierre, Lena, Pierre, Rousset, Gérard, Fontanella, Jean-Claude, Jagourel, Pascal, Kern, Pierre, Lena, Pierre, and Rousset, Gérard

Abstract

La première démonstration mondiale du potentiel de l’optique adaptative pour l’astronomie a été effectuée en 1989. Ces travaux ont démontré qu’il était possible de compenser les effets de la turbulence atmosphérique et d’atteindre la limite de diffraction des grands télescopes, au moins dans le proche infrarouge. Couplée éventuellement à l’utilisation d’étoiles artificielles créées par laser, cette technologie est devenue une composante incontournable de tous les grands télescopes optiques terrestres. Les observations ayant conduit au Prix Nobel de Physique 2020 ont reposé sur les premiers développements de l’imagerie des tavelures, puis rapidement sur ceux de l’optique adaptative et de son application à l’interférométrie multi-télescopes.

Published
2021
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22. Tests and characterisations of the ALPAO 64×64 deformable mirror, the MICADO-MAORY SCAO AIT facility

Author

Vidal, F., Raffard, J., Gendron, E., Thijs, S., Lapeyrere, V., Buey, T., Clénet, Y., Damien Gratadour, Jagourel, P., Sevin, A., Ferreira, F., Chemla, F., Mahiou, P., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Clénet, Yann

Subjects
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience; MICADO is the ELT near-infrared first light imager. It will provide diffraction limited images using the singleconjugate adaptive optics (SCAO) mode developed inside the MAORY AO module. Although the MICADO-MAORY SCAO mode uses during regular operations the ELT wavefront correction capabilities (M4 & M5 adaptive mirrors), the SCAO system will not be able to work with them until the final instrument commissioning. Since it is crucial to test and validate the SCAO system during various AITs phases in Europe, the need of a high order deformable mirror with comparable number of degrees of freedom is required to test both spatial and temporal behaviour of the SCAO mode. For that purpose, the SCAO AITs in Europe will use the newly developed ALPAO 64×64 actuators deformable mirror (DM). Before using this deformable mirror in the context of the SCAO mode (i.e controlled by a non-linear pyramid WFS, we built a classical Shack-Hartmann WFS to ensure a proper linear wavefront measurement in the lab and perform the DM characterisation of its 3228 actuators. We present the preliminary results of the tests performed on this DM in a classical closed loop scheme. In particular we study the spatial wavefront correction, actuators additivity and linear response, maximum amplitude range (stroke), hysteresis and temporal stability.

Published
2019

23. MOSAIC: the ELT multi-object spectrograph

Author

Jagourel, P., Fitzsimons, E., Hammer, F., De Frondat Laadim, F., Puech, M., Evans, C.J., Sanchez, R., Guinouard, I., Chemla, F., Frotin, M., Yang, Y., Parr-Burman, P., Morris, T., Dubbeldam, M., Close, M., Middleton, K., Rousset, G., Gendron, E., Kelz, A., Janssen, A., Pragt, J., Navarro, R., Larrieu, M., El Hadi, K., Dohlen, K., Dalton, G., Lewis, I., Rodrigues, M., Morris, S., Kaper, L., Barbuy, B., Cuby, J.-G., Le Fèvre, O., Simard, L., Takami, H., Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh (UKATC), Duke University [Durham], STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Haute résolution angulaire en astrophysique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (IAP), TNO/TPD-Space Instrumentation, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom), Amsterdam, Departamento de Astronomia, Universidade de São Paulo, and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Near-infrared spectroscopy, Phase (waves), Mosaic (geodemography), 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Optics, Conceptual design, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, Extremely Large Telescope, business, Adaptive optics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectrograph, media_common
Abstract

International audience; Following a successful Phase A study, we introduce the delivered conceptual design of the MOSAIC1 multi-object spectrograph for the ESO Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). MOSAIC will provide R 5000 spectroscopy over the full 460-1800 nm range, with three additional high-resolution bands (R 15000) targeting features of particular interest. MOSAIC will combine three operational modes, enabling integrated-light observations of up to 200 sources on the sky (high-multiplex mode) or spectroscopy of 10 spatially-extended fields via deployable integral-field units: MOAO6 assisted high-definition (HDM) and Visible IFUs (VIFU). We will summarise key features of the sub-systems of the design, e.g. the smart tiled focal-plane for target selection and the multi-object adaptive optics used to correct for atmospheric turbulence, and present the next steps toward the construction phase.

Published
2018
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24. The ELT-MOS (MOSAIC)

Author

Morris, S., Hammer, F., Jagourel, P., Evans, C.J., Puech, M., Dalton, G.B., Rodrigues, M., Sanchez-Janssen, R., Fitzsimons, E., Barbuy, B., Cuby, J.-G., Kaper, L., Roth, M., Rousset, G., Myers, R., Le Fèvre, O., Finogenov, A., Kotilainen, J., Castilho, B., Ostlin, G., Feltzing, S., Korn, A., Gallego, J., Castillo Morales, Á., Iglesias-Páramo, J., Pentericci, L., Ziegler, B., Afonso, J., Dubbledam, M., Close, M., Parr-Burman, P., Morris, T.J., Chemla, F., De Frondat, F., Kelz, A., Guinouard, I., Lewis, I.J., Middleton, K., Navarro, R., Larrieu, M., Pragt, J., Janssen, A., Dohlen, K., El Hadi, K., Gendron, É., Yang, Y., Wells, M., Conan, J.-M., Fusco, T., Schaerer, D., Bergin, E., Taburet, S., Frotin, M., Berkourn, N., Simard, L., Takami, H., Department of Physics [Durham University], Durham University, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ISIS Neutron and Muon Source (ISIS), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), University of Helsinki, Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofisica, Oskar Klein Centre [Stockholm], Stockholm University, Lund University [Lund], Uppsala University, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Universität Wien, Observatório Astronómico de Lisboa, University of Oxford [Oxford], Netherlands Research School for Astronomy, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Oxford, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)

Subjects
Astrofísica, ASTRONOMICAL IMAGING, Age of the universe, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optical Fibres, 0103 physical sciences, Adaptive optics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectrograph, Galaxy rotation curve, media_common, ADAPTIVE OPTICS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Multi-Object, GALACTIC ASTRONOMY, Astronomy, Galaxy, NEAR INFRARED, Sky, TELESCOPES, SPECTROGRAPHS, VISIBLE RADIATION, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

When combined with the huge collecting area of the ELT, MOSAIC will be the most effective and flexible Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS) facility in the world, having both a high multiplex and a multi-Integral Field Unit (Multi-IFU) capability. It will be the fastest way to spectroscopically follow-up the faintest sources, probing the reionisation epoch, as well as evaluating the evolution of the dwarf mass function over most of the age of the Universe. MOSAIC will be world-leading in generating an inventory of both the dark matter (from realistic rotation curves with MOAO fed NIR IFUs) and the cool to warm-hot gas phases in z=3.5 galactic haloes (with visible wavelenth IFUs). Galactic archaeology and the first massive black holes are additional targets for which MOSAIC will also be revolutionary. MOAO and accurate sky subtraction with fibres have now been demonstrated on sky, removing all low Technical Readiness Level (TRL) items from the instrument. A prompt implementation of MOSAIC is feasible, and indeed could increase the robustness and reduce risk on the ELT, since it does not require diffraction limited adaptive optics performance. Science programmes and survey strategies are currently being investigated by the Consortium, which is also hoping to welcome a few new partners in the next two years., 6 pages, 3 figures, Submitted to SPIE Proceedings, AS18

Published
2018
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25. Trade-offs in the visible spectrograph of the ELT instrument MOSAIC

Author

Janssen, A.W., Sokolova, E., Pragt, J., Kragt, J., Navarro, R., Tromp, N., Fitzsimons, E., Rodrigues, M., Larrieu, M., Kelz, A., Morris, T., Jagourel, P., Chemla, F., Kaper, L., Dalton, G., Evans, C.J., Simard, L., Takami, H., and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Diffraction, Computer science, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), Trade offs, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Cardinal point, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Large core, Spectral resolution, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectrograph, Visible spectrum
Abstract

MOSAIC is a concept for a multi-object spectrograph for the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). It is planned to cover the wavelength range from 460 nm to 1800 nm with two types of spectrographs, optimized for the visible and the near-infrared. There are two observing modes; multiplex mode with 200 sampling points and Integral Field Unit (IFU) mode with 10 fields. The instrument consists of 5 visible spectrographs and 5 near-infrared spectrographs. The ELT is far from diffraction limited in the visible wavelength range. Rather than developing a large and complex AO system, it was decided that the instrument will be seeing limited in the visible. Spot sizes are therefore about 2.8 mm in diameter in the ELT focal plane, and need to be sampled by multiple fibers with large core diameter. As a result, large optics is required to achieve the science requirements on spectral resolution, bandwidth and multiplex. We work in close collaboration with manufacturers to design an instrument that is feasible and meets the scientific requirements.

Published
2018

26. Wide field spectrograph concepts for the European extremely large telescope - art. no. 62692G

Author

Moretto, G, Bacon, R, Cuby, J-G, Hammer, F, Amram, P, Blais-Ouellette, S, Blanc, P-E, Devriendt, J, Epinat, B, Fusco, T, Jagourel, P, Hernandez, O, Kneib, J-P, Montilla, I, Neichel, B, Pecontal, E, Prieto, E, and Puech, M

Abstract

We report on the science case high level specifications for a wide field spectrograph instrument for an Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) and present possible concepts. Preliminary designs are presented which resort to different instrument concepts: monolithic integral field (IFU), multi-IFU, and a smart tunable filter. This work is part of the activities performed in the work package 'Instrumentation' of the 'ELT Design Study', a programme supported by the European Community, Framework Programme 6.

Published
2016

27. Science requirements and trade-offs for the MOSAIC instrument for the European ELT

Author

Evans, C.J., Puech, M., Rodrigues, M., Barbuy, B., Cuby, J.-G., Dalton, G., Fitzsimons, E., Hammer, F., Jagourel, P., Kaper, L., Morris, S.L., Morris, T.J., Simard, L., Takami, H., High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI), UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh (UKATC), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle instrumental, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Astronomia, Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom), Amsterdam, and Duke University [Durham]

Subjects
Computer science, Trade offs, FOS: Physical sciences, Mosaic (geodemography), 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Telescope, White paper, law, 0103 physical sciences, Systems engineering, Science studies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Spectroscopy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

Building on the comprehensive White Paper on the scientific case for multi-object spectroscopy on the European ELT, we present the top-level instrument requirements that are being used in the Phase A design study of the MOSAIC concept. The assembled cases span the full range of E-ELT science and generally require either 'high multiplex' or 'high definition' observations to best exploit the excellent sensitivity and spatial performance of the telescope. We highlight some of the science studies that are now being used in trade-off studies to inform the capabilities of MOSAIC and its technical design., 12 pages, in Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI, 2016, Proc. SPIE 9908, 9J

Published
2016
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30. The E-ELT multi-object spectrograph: latest news from MOSAIC

Author

Hammer, F., additional, Morris, S., additional, Kaper, L., additional, Barbuy, B., additional, Cuby, J. G., additional, Roth, M., additional, Jagourel, P., additional, Evans, C. J., additional, Puech, M., additional, Fitzsimons, E., additional, Dalton, G., additional, and Rodrigues, M., additional

Published
2016
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31. MOSAIC at the E-ELT: A multi-object spectrograph for astrophysics, IGM and cosmology

Author

Hammer, F., Barbuy, B., Cuby, J.G., Kaper, L., Morris, S., Evans, C.J., Jagourel, P., Dalton, G., Rees, P., Puech, M., Rodriques, M., Pearson, D., Disseau, K., Ramsay, S.K., McLean, I.S., Takami, H., and Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Physics, James Webb Space Telescope, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxy, Galaxy groups and clusters, Stellar physics, Galaxy formation and evolution, Intergalactic travel, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Dwarf galaxy
Abstract

The Universe is comprised of hundreds of billions of galaxies, each populated by hundreds of billions of stars. Astrophysics aims to understand the complexity of this almost incommensurable number of stars, stellar clusters and galaxies, including their spatial distribution, formation, and current interactions with the interstellar and intergalactic media. A considerable fraction of astrophysical discoveries require large statistical samples, which can only be addressed with multi-object spectrographs (MOS). Here we introduce the MOSAIC study of an optical/near-infrared MOS for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT), which has capabilities specified by science cases ranging from stellar physics and exoplanet studies to galaxy evolution and cosmology. Recent studies of critical technical issues such as sky-background subtraction and multi-object adaptive optics (MOAO) have demonstrated that such a MOS is feasible with current technology and techniques. In the 2020s the E-ELT will become the world’s largest optical/IR telescope, and we argue that it has to be equipped as soon as possible with a MOS. MOSAIC will provide a vast discovery space, enabled by a multiplex of ∼ 200 and spectral resolving powers of R = 5 000 and 20 000. MOSAIC will also offer the unique capability of 10-to-20 ‘high-definition’ (MOAO) integral-field units, optimised to investigate the physics of the sources of reionisation, providing the most efficient follow-up of observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The combination of these modes will enable the study of the mass-assembly history of galaxies over cosmic time, including high-redshift dwarf galaxies and studies of the distribution of the intergalactic medium. It will also provide spectroscopy of resolved stars in external galaxies at unprecedented distances, from the outskirts of the Local Group for main-sequence stars, to a significant volume of the local Universe, including nearby galaxy clusters, for luminous red supergiants.

Published
2014

32. Multi-object spectroscopy with the European ELT: scientific synergies between EAGLE and EVE

Author

Evans, C.J., Barbuy, B., Bonifacio, P., Chemla, F., Cuby, J.-G., Dalton, G.B., Davies, B., Disseau, K., Dohlen, K., Flores, H., Gendron, E., Guinouard, I., Hammer, F., Hastings, P., Horville, D., Jagourel, P., Kaper, L., Laporte, P., Lee, D., Morris, S.L., Morris, T., Myers, R., Navarro, R., Parr-Burman, P., Petitjean, P., Puech, M., Rollinde, E., Rousset, G., Schnetler, H., Welikala, N., Wells, M., Yang, Y., McLean, I.S., Ramsay, S.K., Takami, H., Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Haute résolution angulaire en astrophysique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Eagle, biology, Computer science, biology.animal, Extremely Large Telescope, Systems engineering, Adaptive optics, Object (computer science), Spectroscopy, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Spectrograph, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The EAGLE and EVE Phase A studies for instruments for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) originated from related top-level scientific questions, but employed different (yet complementary) methods to deliver the required observations. We re-examine the motivations for a multi-object spectrograph (MOS) on the E-ELT and present a unified set of requirements for a versatile instrument. Such a MOS would exploit the excellent spatial resolution in the near-infrared envisaged for EAGLE, combined with aspects of the spectral coverage and large multiplex of EVE. We briefly discuss the top-level systems which could satisfy these requirements in a single instrument at one of the Nasmyth foci of the E-ELT., Comment: 14 pages, to be published in Proc SPIE 8446: Ground-based & Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV

Published
2012
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33. Laser Tomographic AO system for an Integral Field Spectrograph on the E-ELT : ATLAS project

Author

Fusco, T., Meimon, S., Clénet, Y., Cohen, M., Schnetler, H., Paufique, J., Michau, V., Thatte, N., Hubin, N., Petit, C., Amans, J. P., Damien Gratadour, Conan, J. -M, and Jagourel, P.

Subjects
ADAPTIVE OPTICS, WAVEFRONT CORRECTORS, REAL-TIME CONTROL, PATHFINDERS, ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE, MODELING, POST-PROCESSING, INSTRUMENTS, EXTREMELY LARGE TELESCOPES, WAVEFRONT SENSING, LASER GUIDE STAR SYSTEMS
Abstract

ATLAS is a generic Laser Tomographic AO (LTAO) system for the E-ELT. Based on modular, relatively simple, and yet innovative concepts, it aims at providing diffraction limited images in the near infra-red for a close to 100 percent sky coverage.

Published
2011
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34. Modélisation du comportement dynamique du prototype d’un concept de miroir déformable pour l’E-ELT

Author

Gasmi, Rami, Jagourel, P., Dournaux, J.L., SINQUIN, J.C., Le Bihan, D., Service irevues, irevues, and Association Française de Mécanique

Subjects
[PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics], [PHYS.MECA] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]
Abstract

Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. Internationale.; International audience; L’E-ELT est un projet d’extrêmement grand télescope européen piloté par l’ESO dont la première lumière est attendue en 2017. Il intègrera dans son schéma optique une optique adaptative équipée d’un miroir déformable destinée à corriger les perturbations liées à la turbulence atmosphérique. Les dimensions(diamètre et masse) élevées de ce miroir rendent incertaine l’absence d’interactions entre le fonctionnementdu miroir et ses modes propres. L’étude présente s’intéresse à la modélisation du prototype d’un concept de miroir déformable proposé par l’industriel CILAS. L’accent est mis sur la base modale et sur les réponses fréquentielles à des excitations de type inclinaison.

Published
2009

35. MOONS : The multi-object optical and near-infrared spectrograph for the vlt

Author

Cirasuolo, M., Afonso, J., Carollo, M., Flores, H., Maiolino, R., Oliva, E., Paltani, S., Vanzi, Leonardo, Evans, Christopher, Abreu, M., Atkinson, David, Babusiaux, C., Beard, Steven, Bauer, F., Bellazzini, M., Bender, Ralf, Best, P., Bezawada, N., Bonifacio, P., Bragaglia, A., Bryson, I., Busher, D., Cabral, A., Caputi, K., Centrone, M., Chemla, F., Cimatti, A., Cioni, M. R., Clementini, G., Coelho, J., Crnojevic, D., Daddi, E., Dunlop, J., Eales, S., Feltzing, S., Ferguson, A., Fisher, M., Fontana, A., Fynbo, J., Garilli, B., Gilmore, G., Glauser, A., Guinouard, I., Hammer, F., Hastings, P., Hess, A., Ivison, R., Jagourel, P., Jarvis, M., Kaper, L., Kauffman, G., Kitching, A. T., Lawrence, A., Lee, D., Lemasle, B., Licausi, G., Lilly, S., Lorenzetti, D., Lunney, D., Mannucci, F., McLure, R., Minniti, D., Montgomery, D., Muschielok, B., Nandra, K., Navarro, R., Norberg, P., Oliver, S., Origlia, L., Padilla, N., Peacock, J., Pedicini, F., Peng, J., Pentericci, L., Pragt, J., Puech, M., Randich, S., Rees, P., Renzini, A., Ryde, N., Rodrigues, M., Roseboom, I., Royer, F., Saglia, R., Sanchez, A., Schiavon, R., Schnetler, H., Sobral, David, Speziali, R., Sun, D., Stuik, R., Taylor, A., Todd, S., Tolstoy, E., Torres, M., Tosi, M., Vanzella, E., Venema, L., Vitali, F., Wegner, M., Wells, M., Wild, V., Wright, G., Zamorani, G., Zoccali, M., Cirasuolo, M., Afonso, J., Carollo, M., Flores, H., Maiolino, R., Oliva, E., Paltani, S., Vanzi, Leonardo, Evans, Christopher, Abreu, M., Atkinson, David, Babusiaux, C., Beard, Steven, Bauer, F., Bellazzini, M., Bender, Ralf, Best, P., Bezawada, N., Bonifacio, P., Bragaglia, A., Bryson, I., Busher, D., Cabral, A., Caputi, K., Centrone, M., Chemla, F., Cimatti, A., Cioni, M. R., Clementini, G., Coelho, J., Crnojevic, D., Daddi, E., Dunlop, J., Eales, S., Feltzing, S., Ferguson, A., Fisher, M., Fontana, A., Fynbo, J., Garilli, B., Gilmore, G., Glauser, A., Guinouard, I., Hammer, F., Hastings, P., Hess, A., Ivison, R., Jagourel, P., Jarvis, M., Kaper, L., Kauffman, G., Kitching, A. T., Lawrence, A., Lee, D., Lemasle, B., Licausi, G., Lilly, S., Lorenzetti, D., Lunney, D., Mannucci, F., McLure, R., Minniti, D., Montgomery, D., Muschielok, B., Nandra, K., Navarro, R., Norberg, P., Oliver, S., Origlia, L., Padilla, N., Peacock, J., Pedicini, F., Peng, J., Pentericci, L., Pragt, J., Puech, M., Randich, S., Rees, P., Renzini, A., Ryde, N., Rodrigues, M., Roseboom, I., Royer, F., Saglia, R., Sanchez, A., Schiavon, R., Schnetler, H., Sobral, David, Speziali, R., Sun, D., Stuik, R., Taylor, A., Todd, S., Tolstoy, E., Torres, M., Tosi, M., Vanzella, E., Venema, L., Vitali, F., Wegner, M., Wells, M., Wild, V., Wright, G., Zamorani, G., and Zoccali, M.

Published
2014

37. Science case and requirements for the MOSAIC concept for a multi-object spectrograph for the European Extremely Large Telescope

Author

Evans, C. J., additional, Puech, M., additional, Barbuy, B., additional, Bonifacio, P., additional, Cuby, J.-G., additional, Guenther, E., additional, Hammer, F., additional, Jagourel, P., additional, Kaper, L., additional, Morris, S. L., additional, Afonso, J., additional, Amram, P., additional, Aussel, H., additional, Basden, A., additional, Bastian, N., additional, Battaglia, G., additional, Biller, B., additional, Bouché, N., additional, Caffau, E., additional, Charlot, S., additional, Clénet, Y., additional, Combes, F., additional, Conselice, C., additional, Contini, T., additional, Dalton, G., additional, Davies, B., additional, Disseau, K., additional, Dunlop, J., additional, Fiore, F., additional, Flores, H., additional, Fusco, T., additional, Gadotti, D., additional, Gallazzi, A., additional, Giallongo, E., additional, Gonçalves, T., additional, Gratadour, D., additional, Hill, V., additional, Huertas-Company, M., additional, Ibata, R., additional, Larsen, S., additional, Le Fèvre, O., additional, Lemasle, B., additional, Maraston, C., additional, Mei, S., additional, Mellier, Y., additional, Östlin, G., additional, Paumard, T., additional, Pello, R., additional, Pentericci, L., additional, Petitjean, P., additional, Roth, M., additional, Rouan, D., additional, Schaerer, D., additional, Telles, E., additional, Trager, S., additional, Welikala, N., additional, Zibetti, S., additional, and Ziegler, B., additional

Published
2014
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38. MOONS: the Multi-Object Optical and Near-infrared Spectrograph for the VLT

Author

Cirasuolo, M., additional, Afonso, J., additional, Carollo, M., additional, Flores, H., additional, Maiolino, R., additional, Oliva, E., additional, Paltani, S., additional, Vanzi, Leonardo, additional, Evans, Christopher, additional, Abreu, M., additional, Atkinson, David, additional, Babusiaux, C., additional, Beard, Steven, additional, Bauer, F., additional, Bellazzini, M., additional, Bender, Ralf, additional, Best, P., additional, Bezawada, N., additional, Bonifacio, P., additional, Bragaglia, A., additional, Bryson, I., additional, Busher, D., additional, Cabral, A., additional, Caputi, K., additional, Centrone, M., additional, Chemla, F., additional, Cimatti, A., additional, Cioni, M-R., additional, Clementini, G., additional, Coelho, J., additional, Crnojevic, D., additional, Daddi, E., additional, Dunlop, J., additional, Eales, S., additional, Feltzing, S., additional, Ferguson, A., additional, Fisher, M., additional, Fontana, A., additional, Fynbo, J., additional, Garilli, B., additional, Gilmore, G., additional, Glauser, A., additional, Guinouard, I., additional, Hammer, F., additional, Hastings, P., additional, Hess, A., additional, Ivison, R., additional, Jagourel, P., additional, Jarvis, M., additional, Kaper, L., additional, Kauffman, G., additional, Kitching, A. T., additional, Lawrence, A., additional, Lee, D., additional, Lemasle, B., additional, Licausi, G., additional, Lilly, S., additional, Lorenzetti, D., additional, Lunney, D., additional, Mannucci, F., additional, McLure, R., additional, Minniti, D., additional, Montgomery, D., additional, Muschielok, B., additional, Nandra, K., additional, Navarro, R., additional, Norberg, P., additional, Oliver, S., additional, Origlia, L., additional, Padilla, N., additional, Peacock, J., additional, Pedichini, F., additional, Peng, J., additional, Pentericci, L., additional, Pragt, J., additional, Puech, M., additional, Randich, S., additional, Rees, P., additional, Renzini, A., additional, Ryde, N., additional, Rodrigues, M., additional, Roseboom, I., additional, Royer, F., additional, Saglia, R., additional, Sanchez, A., additional, Schiavon, R., additional, Schnetler, H., additional, Sobral, D., additional, Speziali, R., additional, Sun, D., additional, Stuik, R., additional, Taylor, A., additional, Taylor, W., additional, Todd, S., additional, Tolstoy, E., additional, Torres, M., additional, Tosi, M., additional, Vanzella, E., additional, Venema, L., additional, Vitali, F., additional, Wegner, M., additional, Wells, M., additional, Wild, V., additional, Wright, G., additional, Zamorani, G., additional, and Zoccali, M., additional

Published
2014
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40. The ELT-MOS (MOSAIC): towards the construction phase

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Simard, Luc, Takami, Hideki, Morris, Simon, Hammer, François, Jagourel, Pascal, Evans, Christopher J., Puech, Mathieu, Dalton, Gavin B., Rodrigues, Myriam, Sanchez-Janssen, Ruben, Fitzsimons, Ewan, Barbuy, Beatriz, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Kaper, Lex, Roth, Martin, Rousset, Gérard, Myers, Richard, Le Fèvre, Olivier, Finogenov, Alexis, Kotilainen, Jari, Castilho, Bruno, Ostlin, Goran, Feltzing, Sofia, Korn, Andreas, Gallego, Jesus, Castillo, África, Iglesias-Páramo, Jorge, Pentericci, Laura, Ziegler, Bodo, Afonso, Jose, Dubbledam, Marc, Close, Madeline, Parr-Burman, Phil, Morris, Timothy J., Chemla, Fanny, De Frondat, Fatima, Kelz, Andreas, Guinouard, Isabelle, Lewis, Ian J., Middleton, Kevin, Navarro, Ramon, Larrieu, Marie, Pragt, Johan, Janssen, Annemieke, Dohlen, Kjetil, El Hadi, Kacem, Gendron, Éric, Yang, Yanbin, Wells, Martyn, Conan, Jean-Marc, Fusco, Thierry, Schaerer, Daniel, Bergin, Edwin, Taburet, Sylvestre, Frotin, Mickaël, and Berkourn, Nadia

Published
2018
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41. MOSAIC: the ELT multi-object spectrograph

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Simard, Luc, Takami, Hideki, Jagourel, P., Fitzsimons, E., Hammer, F., De Frondat, F., Puech, M., Evans, C. J., Sanchez, R., Guinouard, I., Chemla, F., Frotin, M., Yang, Y., Parr-Burman, P., Morris, T., Dubbeldam, M., Close, M., Middleton, K., Rousset, G., Gendron, É., Kelz, A., Janssen, A., Pragt, J., Navarro, R., Larrieu, M., El Hadi, K., Dohlen, K., Dalton, G., Lewis, I., Rodrigues, M., Morris, S., Kaper, L., Barbuy, B., Cuby, J-G., and Le Fèvre, Olivier

Published
2018
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43. Product assurance for instrumental projects in research laboratory: galaxies, etoiles, physique, instrumentation (GEPI)

Author

Angeli, George Z., Dierickx, Philippe, De Frondat Laadim, Fatima, Jagourel, Pascal, Frotin, Mickael, Hammer, François, Rodrigues, Myriam, Puech, Mathieu, Guinouard, Isabelle, Chemla, Fanny, Yang, Yanbin, Fitzsimons, Ewan, Parr-Burman, Phil, Morris, Tim, Dubbeldam, Marc, Close, Madeline, Middleton, Kevin, Rousset, Gerard, Kelz, Andreas, Janssen, Annemieke, Pragt, Johan, Navarro, Ramon, Larrieu, Marie, El Hadi, Kacem, Dohlen, Kjetil, Dalton, Gavin, and Lewis, Ian

Published
2018
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44. MOONS : a multi-object optical and near-infrared spectrograph for the VLT

Author

Cirasuolo, Michele, Afonso, J., Bender, R., Bonifacio, P., Evans, C., Kaper, L., Oliva, E., Vanzi, L., Abreu, M., Atad-Ettedgui, E., Babusiaux, C., Bauer, F., Best, P., Bezawada, N., Bryson, I., Cabral, A., Caputi, K., Centrone, M., Chemla, F., Cimatti, A., Cioni, M. R., Clementini, G., Coelho, J., Daddi, E., Dunlop, J., Feltzing, S., Ferguson, A., Flores, H., Fontana, A., Fynbo, J., Garilli, B., Glauser, A., Guinouard, I., Hammer, F., Hastings, P., Hess, A., Ivison, R., Jagourel, P., Jarvis, M., Kauffman, G., Lawrence, A., Lee, D., Licausi, G., Lilly, S., Lorenzetti, D., Maiolino, R., Mannucci, F., McLure, R., Minniti, D., Montgomery, D., Muschielok, B., Nandra, K., Navarro, R., Norberg, P., Origlia, L., Padilla, N., Peacock, J., Pedicini, F., Pentericci, L., Pragt, J., Puech, M., Randich, S., Renzini, A., Ryde, N., Rodrigues, M., Royer, F., Saglia, R., Sanchez, A., Schnetler, H., Sobral, D., Speziali, R., Todd, S., Tolstoy, E., Torres, M., Venema, L., Vitali, F., Wegner, M., Wells, M., Wild, V., Wright, G., Cirasuolo, Michele, Afonso, J., Bender, R., Bonifacio, P., Evans, C., Kaper, L., Oliva, E., Vanzi, L., Abreu, M., Atad-Ettedgui, E., Babusiaux, C., Bauer, F., Best, P., Bezawada, N., Bryson, I., Cabral, A., Caputi, K., Centrone, M., Chemla, F., Cimatti, A., Cioni, M. R., Clementini, G., Coelho, J., Daddi, E., Dunlop, J., Feltzing, S., Ferguson, A., Flores, H., Fontana, A., Fynbo, J., Garilli, B., Glauser, A., Guinouard, I., Hammer, F., Hastings, P., Hess, A., Ivison, R., Jagourel, P., Jarvis, M., Kauffman, G., Lawrence, A., Lee, D., Licausi, G., Lilly, S., Lorenzetti, D., Maiolino, R., Mannucci, F., McLure, R., Minniti, D., Montgomery, D., Muschielok, B., Nandra, K., Navarro, R., Norberg, P., Origlia, L., Padilla, N., Peacock, J., Pedicini, F., Pentericci, L., Pragt, J., Puech, M., Randich, S., Renzini, A., Ryde, N., Rodrigues, M., Royer, F., Saglia, R., Sanchez, A., Schnetler, H., Sobral, D., Speziali, R., Todd, S., Tolstoy, E., Torres, M., Venema, L., Vitali, F., Wegner, M., Wells, M., Wild, V., and Wright, G.

Published
2012

45. 4MOST - 4-metre multi-object spectroscopic telescope

Author

De Jong, R. S., Bellido-Tirado, O., Chiappini, C., Depagne, É., Haynes, R., Johl, D., Schnurr, O., Schwope, A., Walcher, J., Dionies, F., Haynes, D., Kelz, A., Kitaura, F. S., Lamer, G., Minchev, I., Müller, V., Nuza, S. E., Olaya, J. -C, Piffl, T., Popow, E., Steinmetz, M., Ural, U., Williams, M., Winkler, R., Wisotzki, L., Ansorge, W. R., Banerji, M., Solares, E. G., Irwin, M., Kennicutt Jr., R. C., King, D., McMahon, R., Koposov, S., Parry, I. R., Sun, D., Walton, N. A., Finger, G., Iwert, O., Krumpe, M., Lizon, J. -L, Vincenzo, M., Amans, J. -P, Bonifacio, P., Cohen, M., Francois, P., Jagourel, P., Mignot, S. B., Royer, F., Sartoretti, P., Bender, R., Grupp, F., Hess, H. -J, Lang-Bardl, F., Muschielok, B., Böhringer, H., Boller, T., Bongiorno, A., Brusa, M., Dwelly, T., Merloni, A., Nandra, K., Salvato, M., Pragt, J. H., Navarro, R., Gerlofsma, G., Roelfsema, R., Dalton, G. B., Middleton, K. F., Tosh, I. A., Boeche, C., Caffau, E., Christlieb, N., Grebel, E. K., Hansen, C., Koch, A., Ludwig, H. -G, Quirrenbach, A., Sbordone, L., Seifert, W., Thimm, G., Trifonov, T., Helmi, A., Trager, S. C., Feltzing, S., Korn, Andreas, Boland, W., De Jong, R. S., Bellido-Tirado, O., Chiappini, C., Depagne, É., Haynes, R., Johl, D., Schnurr, O., Schwope, A., Walcher, J., Dionies, F., Haynes, D., Kelz, A., Kitaura, F. S., Lamer, G., Minchev, I., Müller, V., Nuza, S. E., Olaya, J. -C, Piffl, T., Popow, E., Steinmetz, M., Ural, U., Williams, M., Winkler, R., Wisotzki, L., Ansorge, W. R., Banerji, M., Solares, E. G., Irwin, M., Kennicutt Jr., R. C., King, D., McMahon, R., Koposov, S., Parry, I. R., Sun, D., Walton, N. A., Finger, G., Iwert, O., Krumpe, M., Lizon, J. -L, Vincenzo, M., Amans, J. -P, Bonifacio, P., Cohen, M., Francois, P., Jagourel, P., Mignot, S. B., Royer, F., Sartoretti, P., Bender, R., Grupp, F., Hess, H. -J, Lang-Bardl, F., Muschielok, B., Böhringer, H., Boller, T., Bongiorno, A., Brusa, M., Dwelly, T., Merloni, A., Nandra, K., Salvato, M., Pragt, J. H., Navarro, R., Gerlofsma, G., Roelfsema, R., Dalton, G. B., Middleton, K. F., Tosh, I. A., Boeche, C., Caffau, E., Christlieb, N., Grebel, E. K., Hansen, C., Koch, A., Ludwig, H. -G, Quirrenbach, A., Sbordone, L., Seifert, W., Thimm, G., Trifonov, T., Helmi, A., Trager, S. C., Feltzing, S., Korn, Andreas, and Boland, W.

Abstract

The 4MOST consortium is currently halfway through a Conceptual Design study for ESO with the aim to develop a wide-field (>3 square degree, goal >5 square degree), high-multiplex (>1500 fibres, goal 3000 fibres) spectroscopic survey facility for an ESO 4m-class telescope (VISTA). 4MOST will run permanently on the telescope to perform a 5 year public survey yielding more than 20 million spectra at resolution R∼5000 (λ=390-1000 nm) and more than 2 million spectra at R∼20,000 (395-456.5 nm & 587-673 nm). The 4MOST design is especially intended to complement three key all-sky, space-based observatories of prime European interest: Gaia, eROSITA and Euclid. Initial design and performance estimates for the wide-field corrector concepts are presented. Two fibre positioner concepts are being considered for 4MOST. The first one is a Phi-Theta system similar to ones used on existing and planned facilities. The second one is a new R-Theta concept with large patrol area. Both positioner concepts effectively address the issues of fibre focus and pupil pointing. The 4MOST spectrographs are fixed configuration two-arm spectrographs, with dedicated spectrographs for the high- and low-resolution fibres. A full facility simulator is being developed to guide trade-off decisions regarding the optimal field-of-view, number of fibres needed, and the relative fraction of high-to-low resolution fibres. The simulator takes mock catalogues with template spectra from Design Reference Surveys as starting point, calculates the output spectra based on a throughput simulator, assigns targets to fibres based on the capabilities of the fibre positioner designs, and calculates the required survey time by tiling the fields on the sky. The 4MOST consortium aims to deliver the full 4MOST facility by the end of 2018 and start delivering high-level data products for both consortium and ESO community targets a year later with yearly increments., Sponsors: The Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

Published
2012
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46. EAGLE MOAO system conceptual design and related technologies

Author

Rousset, G., primary, Fusco, T., additional, Assemat, F., additional, Gendron, E., additional, Morris, T., additional, Robert, C., additional, Myers, R., additional, Cohen, M., additional, Dipper, N., additional, Evans, C., additional, Gratadour, D., additional, Jagourel, P., additional, Laporte, P., additional, Le Mignant, D., additional, Puech, M., additional, Schnetler, H., additional, Taylor, W., additional, Vidal, F., additional, Cuby, J.-G., additional, Lehnert, M., additional, Morris, S., additional, and Parr-Burman, P., additional

Published
2010
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48. Demonstration prototype and breadboards of the piezo stack M4 adaptive unit of the E-ELT

Author

Crépy, B., primary, Chaillot, S., additional, Cola, M., additional, Conan, J. M., additional, Cousty, R., additional, Dimmler, M., additional, Dournaux, J. L., additional, De Zotti, S., additional, Gabriel, E., additional, Gasmi, R., additional, Grasser, R., additional, Hubin, N., additional, Jagourel, P., additional, Jochum, L., additional, Locre, F., additional, Madec, P.-Y., additional, Morin, P., additional, Mueller, M., additional, Petit, G., additional, Petitgas, D., additional, Roland, J. J., additional, Sinquin, J. C., additional, and Vernet, E., additional

Published
2010
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49. Last progress concerning the design of the piezo stack M4 adaptive unit of the E-ELT

Author

Crepy, B., primary, Chaillot, S., additional, Conan, J. M., additional, Cousty, R., additional, Delrez, C., additional, Dimmler, M., additional, Dournaux, J. L., additional, De Zotti, S., additional, Gabriel, E., additional, Gasmi, R., additional, Grasser, R., additional, Hubin, N., additional, Jagourel, P., additional, Jochum, L., additional, Locre, F., additional, Madec, P.-Y., additional, Morin, P., additional, Mueller, M., additional, Petit, G., additional, Petitgas, D., additional, Pierard, M., additional, Roland, J. J., additional, Sinquin, J. C., additional, and Vernet, E,, additional

Published
2010
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50. EAGLE multi-object AO concept study for the E-ELT

Author

Rousset, G., primary, Fusco, T., additional, Assemat, F., additional, Morris, T., additional, Gendron, E., additional, Myers, R., additional, Brangier, M., additional, Cohen, M., additional, Dipper, N., additional, Evans, C., additional, Gratadour, D., additional, Jagourel, P., additional, Laporte, P., additional, Le Mignant, D., additional, Puech, M., additional, Robert, C., additional, Schnetler, H., additional, Taylor, W., additional, Vidal, F., additional, Cuby, J.-G., additional, Lehnert, M., additional, Morris, S., additional, and Parr-Burmann, P., additional

Published
2010
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