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Peter Day’s research group reported the first molecular superconductor containing paramagnetic metal ions in 1995, β″-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3·C6H5CN. Subsequent research has produced a multitude of BEDT-TTF-tris(oxalato)metallate salts with a variety of structures and properties, including 32 superconductors to date. We present here the synthesis, crystal structure, and conducting properties of the newest additions to the Day series including the first superconductor incorporating the diamagnetic tris(oxalato)aluminate anion, β″-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Al(C2O4)3·C6H5Br, which has a superconducting Tc of ~2.5 K. β″-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Co(C2O4)3·C6H5Br represents the first example of a β″ phase for the tris(oxalato)cobaltate anion, but this salt does not show superconductivity.

Numerous research studies have demonstrated the scope and value of eye movement recording (EMR). There is now potential for EMR to be helpful in a range of clinical contexts and it could be developed as a routine part of the repertoire of clinical investigations offered by the NHS, at least in tertiary centres. We highlight potential uses and challenges below, as a prelude to further development and debate.

From flight-crew to cabin-crew, air-traffic controllers to aircraft engineers - the ‘human factor’ is vital to the safe and efficient operation of all aspects of the aviation industry. Over the past three decades a better understanding of Human Factors has resulted in significant safety benefits, forming a cornerstone of every aviation safety management programme. With this in mind, an innovative approach to teaching Ergonomics and Human Factors (E/HF) at Coventry University has created a unique MSc in Aviation Human Factors. From the outset this specialist part-time MSc has been designed to attract a wide range of aviation professionals (e.g. aviation engineers, flight and cabin crew, safety personnel, or air traffic controllers) from civil or military organisations in the UK or overseas. The course therefore provides a niche and bespoke learning experience for its students, and from a user requirements perspective this necessitated a particular pedagogic approach.

Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) and Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) are ATM modernisation programs that are striving towards an ATM system that can provide greater capacity and efficiency whilst maintaining current level of safety and security. The current paper describes and compares the changes in flight deck operations that will occur in the envisioned future ATM environment. Subject matter expert views are gathered to evaluate potential human factors flight deck impacts. Both SESAR and NextGen describe flight deck operations defined by stricter separation parameters and greater delegation of flight trajectory conformance for the flight crew. Important human factor issues included ensuring clear communication of responsibility delegation to the flight crew and the impact of increased utilisation of real-time information (e.g. Meteorological (MET), traffic flows) on flight planning behaviour. Further SESAR and NextGen similarities and the associated human factor effects are discussed.

We characterized cognitive function in two metabolic diseases. MPS-IVa (mucopolysaccharidosis IVa, Morquio) and tyrosinemia type III individuals were assessed using tasks of attention, language and oculomotor function. MPS-IVa individuals were slower in visual search, but the display size effects were normal, and slowing was not due to long reaction times (ruling out slow item processing or distraction). Maintaining gaze in an oculomotor task was difficult. Results implicated sustained attention and task initiation or response processing. Shifting attention, accumulating evidence and selecting targets were unaffected. Visual search was also slowed in tyrosinemia type III, and patterns in visual search and fixation tasks pointed to sustained attention impairments, although there were differences from MPS-IVa. Language was impaired in tyrosinemia type III but not MPS-IVa. Metabolic diseases produced selective cognitive effects. Our results, incorporating new methods for developmental data and model selection, illustrate how cognitive data can contribute to understanding function in biochemical brain systems.

Niemann-Pick type C (NP-C) is a rare recessive disorder associated with progressive supranuclear gaze palsy. Degeneration occurs initially for vertical saccades and later for horizontal saccades. There are studies of oculomotor degeneration in adult NP-C patients [1, 2] but no comparable studies in children. We used high-resolution video-based eye tracking to record monocular vertical and horizontal eye movements in 2 neurological NP-C patients (children with clinically observable oculomotor abnormalities) and 3 pre-neurological NP-C patients (children without clinically observable oculomotor abnormalities). Saccade onset latency, saccade peak velocity and saccade curvature were compared to healthy controls (N=77). NP-C patients had selective impairments of vertical saccade peak velocity and vertical saccade curvature, with slower peak velocities and greater curvature. Changes were more pronounced in neurological than pre-neurological patients, showing that these measures are sensitive to disease progress, but abnormal curvature and slowed downward saccades were present in both groups, showing that eye-tracking can register disease-related changes before these are evident in a clinical exam. Both slowing, curvature and the detailed characteristics of the curvature we observed are predicted by the detailed characteristics of RIMLF population codes. Onset latencies were not different from healthy controls. High-resolution video-based eye tracking is a promising sensitive and objective method to measure NP-C disease severity and neurological onset. It may also help evaluate responses to therapeutic interventions.

Ontology evolution is one of the key problems facing ontology users today. Adapting ontologies to meet new requirements involves understanding various sections of ontologies and the changes made thereafter. Currently, a large amount of research has been undertaken in automatic change detection and change effects, however the process is far from automated. Users are involved at almost every step and with ontologies becoming more commonplace and complex, tools are required to lighten the large cognitive load. We present the requirements and needs for a visualisation solution in order to streamline ontology evolution

inhibited in Idua−/− recipients, and there is a similar engraftment defect in Idua−/− recipients under non-myeloablative conditioning regimens. Idua−/− bone marrow HS is present in significant excess, particularly in extracellular matrix, cell surface and golgi, with significant increases in 2-O-, 6-Oand N-sulphation. Finally we show that excess HS, and particularly HS rich in 2-O-sulphate modifications, which is the most prevalent modification in MPS IH, functionally inhibits haematopoietic cell migration. Conclusion: These data provide novel insight into the mechanism behind historical graft failure after HSCT in MPS I and identify a functional role for highly sulphated HS in inhibiting CXCL12 mediated haematopoietic cell migration in the Idua−/− mouse model of MPS I.

inhibited in Idua−/− recipients, and there is a similar engraftment defect in Idua−/− recipients under non-myeloablative conditioning regimens. Idua−/− bone marrow HS is present in significant excess, particularly in extracellular matrix, cell surface and golgi, with significant increases in 2-O-, 6-Oand N-sulphation. Finally we show that excess HS, and particularly HS rich in 2-O-sulphate modifications, which is the most prevalent modification in MPS IH, functionally inhibits haematopoietic cell migration. Conclusion: These data provide novel insight into the mechanism behind historical graft failure after HSCT in MPS I and identify a functional role for highly sulphated HS in inhibiting CXCL12 mediated haematopoietic cell migration in the Idua−/− mouse model of MPS I.

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