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1. Challenging gender stereotypes: Young women's views on female role models in secondary school science textbooks

Author

Jana Lindner and Elena Makarova

Subjects
Role models, Female scientists, Gender equality, Gender stereotypes, Science textbooks, STEM, Theory and practice of education, LB5-3640
Abstract

International Women's Day highlights both women's achievements and ongoing efforts toward global gender equality. Gender disparities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) affect a country's innovation and ability to tackle global challenges. Therefore, recent national education policies have looked for ways to promote gender equality, particularly in the STEM subjects. One problem is that teaching materials often lack female representation and recognition of female achievements and contributions to STEM subjects, affecting how female students perceive science. The study examines how female students aged 15 to 18 are impacted by gender disparity in their physics teaching materials and what importance they place on female role models. It encompasses 20 group interviews with female students (n = 80) in Switzerland, which were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results show that, aside from Marie Curie, female scientists are largely unknown to female students, contributing to the perception of physics as a male domain. Female role models are crucial for fostering interest, motivation, and self-esteem in STEM subjects. However, internalized gender stereotypes and fears of negative reactions from male peers counter the demand for greater visibility of female scientists. Despite these challenges, most female students advocate for more female role models in STEM to inspire future generations of female students to pursue a STEM career and foster positive social change.

Published
2024
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2. The HEV Ventilator: at the interface between particle physics and biomedical engineering

Author

Jan Buytaert, Paula Collins, Adam Abed Abud, Phil Allport, Antonio Pazos Álvarez, Kazuyoshi Akiba, Oscar Augusto de Aguiar Francisco, Aurelio Bay, Florian Bernard, Sophie Baron, Claudia Bertella, Josef X. Brunner, Themis Bowcock, Martine Buytaert-De Jode, Wiktor Byczynski, Ricardo De Carvalho, Victor Coco, Ruth Collins, Nikola Dikic, Nicolas Dousse, Bruce Dowd, Kārlis Dreimanis, Raphael Dumps, Paolo Durante, Walid Fadel, Stephen Farry, Antonio Fernàndez Prieto, Arturo Fernàndez Tèllez, Gordon Flynn, Vinicius Franco Lima, Raymond Frei, Abraham Gallas Torreira, Tonatiuh García Chàvez, Evangelos Gazis, Roberto Guida, Karol Hennessy, Andre Henriques, David Hutchcroft, Stefan Ilic, Artūrs Ivanovs, Aleksandar Jevtic, Emigdio Jimenez Dominguez, Christian Joram, Kacper Kapusniak, Edgar Lemos Cid, Jana Lindner, Rolf Lindner, M. Ivàn Martínez Hernàndez, Mirko Meboldt, Marko Milovanovic, Sylvain Mico, Johan Morant, Michel Morel, Georg Männel, Dónal Murray, Irina Nasteva, Niko Neufeld, Igor Neuhold, Francisco Pardo-Sobrino López, Eliseo Pèrez Trigo, Gonzalo Pichel Jallas, Edyta Pilorz, Lise Piquilloud, Xavier Pons, David Reiner, Hector David Règules Medel, Saul Rodríguez Ramírez, Mario Rodíguez Cahuantzi, Carl Roosens, Philipp Rostalski, Freek Sanders, Eric Saucet, Marianne Schmid Daners, Burkhard Schmidt, Patrick Schoettker, Rainer Schwemmer, Heinrich Schindler, Archana Sharma, Derick Sivakumaran, Christophe Sigaud, Vasilios Spitas, Nicola Steffen, Peter Svihra, Guillermo Tejeda Muñoz, Nikolaos Tachatos, Efstratios Tsolakis, Jan van Leemput, Laurence Vignaux, Francois Vasey, Hamish Woonton, and Ken Wyllie

Subjects
COVID-19, ventilation modes, triggering, oxygen enrichment, Science
Abstract

A high-quality, low-cost ventilator, dubbed HEV, has been developed by the particle physics community working together with biomedical engineers and physicians around the world. The HEV design is suitable for use both in and out of hospital intensive care units, provides a variety of modes and is capable of supporting spontaneous breathing and supplying oxygen-enriched air. An external air supply can be combined with the unit for use in situations where compressed air is not readily available. HEV supports remote training and post market surveillance via a Web interface and data logging to complement standard touch screen operation, making it suitable for a wide range of geographical deployment. The HEV design places emphasis on the ventilation performance, especially the quality and accuracy of the pressure curves, reactivity of the trigger, measurement of delivered volume and control of oxygen mixing, delivering a global performance which will be applicable to ventilator needs beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes the conceptual design and presents the prototype units together with a performance evaluation.

Published
2022
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3. Toward Gender Equality in Education—Teachers’ Beliefs about Gender and Math

Author

Jana Lindner, Elena Makarova, Deborah Bernhard, and Dorothee Brovelli

Subjects
beliefs, gender stereotypes, math stereotypes, prospective teachers, self-views, communality, Education
Abstract

Math has a strong gender-related image, even among teachers. As teachers hold beliefs about their work, their role, their subject, and their students, they shape girls’ and boys’ mathematical beliefs and attitudes. Research during the past 20 years has shown that teachers’ gender beliefs about mathematics significantly favor boys, thereby reinforcing girls’ low math ability self-concept. Still, there is a lack of studies that examine teachers’ gender-related beliefs based on their underlying assumptions. Our study provides the first empirical evidence of the relationship between general gender stereotypes and math stereotypes. To this end, we used partial correlation and MANCOVA to analyze data from an online survey in 2019/2020 conducted in Switzerland (195 women, 80 men) as part of a cross-cultural comparison study. We therefore created a differentiated profile of prospective teachers by examining their beliefs about their self-image, their image of men and women in society, their essentialist and gender role ideology beliefs, and their math stereotypes. Then, we linked prospective teachers’ beliefs about gender (based on 48 characteristics) to their beliefs about mathematics and about girls’ and boys’ competencies in math. The extensive analysis provides knowledge about prospective teachers and is particularly important for teacher education.

Published
2022
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4. 07-1115-C10

Author

Jana Lindner, Johannes Hörth, and Matthias Heinke

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Mechanism (biology), Biomedical Engineering, Atrial reentry, Accessory pathway, Reentry, Cardiac Ablation, medicine.disease, Internal medicine, cardiovascular system, medicine, Cardiology, cardiovascular diseases, Supraventricular tachycardia, Electrical conduction system of the heart, business, Atrial flutter
Abstract

Disturbances of the cardiac conduction system causing reentry mechanisms above the atrioventricular (AV) node are induced by at least one accessory pathway with different conducting properties and refractory periods. This work aims to further develop the already existing and continuously expanding Offenburg heart rhythm model to visualise the most common supraventricular reentry tachycardias to provide a better understanding of the cause of the respective reentry mechanism.

Published
2021
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5. Toward Gender Equality in Education—Teachers’ Beliefs about Gender and Math

Author

Brovelli, Jana Lindner, Elena Makarova, Deborah Bernhard, and Dorothee

Subjects
beliefs, gender stereotypes, math stereotypes, prospective teachers, self-views, communality, agency, weakness, dominance
Abstract

Math has a strong gender-related image, even among teachers. As teachers hold beliefs about their work, their role, their subject, and their students, they shape girls’ and boys’ mathematical beliefs and attitudes. Research during the past 20 years has shown that teachers’ gender beliefs about mathematics significantly favor boys, thereby reinforcing girls’ low math ability self-concept. Still, there is a lack of studies that examine teachers’ gender-related beliefs based on their underlying assumptions. Our study provides the first empirical evidence of the relationship between general gender stereotypes and math stereotypes. To this end, we used partial correlation and MANCOVA to analyze data from an online survey in 2019/2020 conducted in Switzerland (195 women, 80 men) as part of a cross-cultural comparison study. We therefore created a differentiated profile of prospective teachers by examining their beliefs about their self-image, their image of men and women in society, their essentialist and gender role ideology beliefs, and their math stereotypes. Then, we linked prospective teachers’ beliefs about gender (based on 48 characteristics) to their beliefs about mathematics and about girls’ and boys’ competencies in math. The extensive analysis provides knowledge about prospective teachers and is particularly important for teacher education.

Published
2022
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6. Gendered self-views across 62 countries : A test of competing models

Author

Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Jennifer K. Bosson, Paweł Jurek, Tomasz Besta, Michał Olech, Joseph A. Vandello, Michael Bender, Justine Dandy, Vera Hoorens, Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti, Eric Mankowski, Satu Venäläinen, Sami Abuhamdeh, Collins Badu Agyemang, Gülçin Akbaş, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Soline Ammirati, Joel Anderson, Gulnaz Anjum, Amarina Ariyanto, John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, Mujeeba Ashraf, Aistė Bakaitytė, Maja Becker, Chiara Bertolli, Dashamir Bërxulli, Deborah L. Best, Chongzeng Bi, Katharina Block, Mandy Boehnke, Renata Bongiorno, Janine Bosak, Annalisa Casini, Qingwei Chen, Peilian Chi, Vera Cubela Adoric, Serena Daalmans, Soledad de Lemus, Sandesh Dhakal, Nikolay Dvorianchikov, Sonoko Egami, Edgardo Etchezahar, Carla Sofia Esteves, Laura Froehlich, Efrain Garcia-Sanchez, Alin Gavreliuc, Dana Gavreliuc, Ángel Gomez, Francesca Guizzo, Sylvie Graf, Hedy Greijdanus, Ani Grigoryan, Joanna Grzymała-Moszczyńska, Keltouma Guerch, Marie Gustafsson Sendén, Miriam-Linnea Hale, Hannah Hämer, Mika Hirai, Lam Hoang Duc, Martina Hřebíčková, Paul B. Hutchings, Dorthe Høj Jensen, Serdar Karabati, Kaltrina Kelmendi, Gabriella Kengyel, Narine Khachatryan, Rawan Ghazzawi, Mary Kinahan, Teri A. Kirby, Monika Kovacs, Desiree Kozlowski, Vladislav Krivoshchekov, Kuba Kryś, Clara Kulich, Tai Kurosawa, Nhan Thi Lac An, Javier Labarthe-Carrara, Mary Anne Lauri, Ioana Latu, Abiodun Musbau Lawal, Junyi Li, Jana Lindner, Anna Lindqvist, Angela T. Maitner, Elena Makarova, Ana Makashvili, Shera Malayeri, Sadia Malik, Tiziana Mancini, Claudia Manzi, Silvia Mari, Sarah E. Martiny, Claude-Hélène Mayer, Vladimir Mihić, Jasna MiloševićĐorđević, Eva Moreno-Bella, Silvia Moscatelli, Andrew Bryan Moynihan, Dominique Muller, Erita Narhetali, Félix Neto, Kimberly A. Noels, Boglárka Nyúl, Emma C. O’Connor, Danielle P. Ochoa, Sachiko Ohno, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo, Randall Osborne, Maria Giuseppina Pacilli, Jorge Palacio, Snigdha Patnaik, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Pablo Pérez de León, Ivana Piterová, Juliana Barreiros Porto, Angelica Puzio, Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Erico Rentería Pérez, Emma Renström, Tiphaine Rousseaux, Michelle K. Ryan, Saba Safdar, Mario Sainz, Marco Salvati, Adil Samekin, Simon Schindler, A. Timur Sevincer, Masoumeh Seydi, Debra Shepherd, Sara Sherbaji, Toni Schmader, Cláudia Simão, Rosita Sobhie, Jurand Sobiecki, Lucille De Souza, Emma Sarter, Dijana Sulejmanović, Katie E. Sullivan, Mariko Tatsumi, Lucy Tavitian-Elmadjian, Suparna Jain Thakur, Quang Thi Mong Chi, Beatriz Torre, Ana Torres, Claudio V. Torres, Beril Türkoğlu, Joaquín Ungaretti, Timothy Valshtein, Colette Van Laar, Jolanda van der Noll, Vadym Vasiutynskyi, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Neharika Vohra, Marta Walentynowicz, Colleen Ward, Anna Włodarczyk, Yaping Yang, Vincent Yzerbyt, Valeska Zanello, Antonella Ludmila Zapata-Calvente, Magdalena Zawisza, Rita Žukauskienė, Magdalena Żadkowska, Kosakowska-Berezecka, N, Bosson, J, Jurek, P, Besta, T, Olech, M, Vandello, J, Bender, M, Dandy, J, Hoorens, V, Jasinskaja-Lahti, I, Mankowski, E, Venäläinen, S, Abuhamdeh, S, Agyemang, C, Akbaş, G, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Ammirati, S, Anderson, J, Anjum, G, Ariyanto, A, Aruta, J, Ashraf, M, Bakaitytė, A, Becker, M, Bertolli, C, Bërxulli, D, Best, D, Bi, C, Block, K, Boehnke, M, Bongiorno, R, Bosak, J, Casini, A, Chen, Q, Chi, P, Cubela Adoric, V, Daalmans, S, de Lemus, S, Dhakal, S, Dvorianchikov, N, Egami, S, Etchezahar, E, Esteves, C, Froehlich, L, Garcia-Sanchez, E, Gavreliuc, A, Gavreliuc, D, Gomez, Á, Guizzo, F, Graf, S, Greijdanus, H, Grigoryan, A, Grzymała-Moszczyńska, J, Guerch, K, Gustafsson Sendén, M, Hale, M, Hämer, H, Hirai, M, Hoang Duc, L, Hřebíčková, M, Hutchings, P, Jensen, D, Karabati, S, Kelmendi, K, Kengyel, G, Khachatryan, N, Ghazzawi, R, Kinahan, M, Kirby, T, Kovacs, M, Kozlowski, D, Krivoshchekov, V, Kryś, K, Kulich, C, Kurosawa, T, Lac An, N, Labarthe-Carrara, J, Lauri, M, Latu, I, Lawal, A, Li, J, Lindner, J, Lindqvist, A, Maitner, A, Makarova, E, Makashvili, A, Malayeri, S, Malik, S, Mancini, T, Manzi, C, Mari, S, Martiny, S, Mayer, C, Mihić, V, Miloševićđorđević, J, Moreno-Bella, E, Moscatelli, S, Moynihan, A, Muller, D, Narhetali, E, Neto, F, Noels, K, Nyúl, B, O’Connor, E, Ochoa, D, Ohno, S, Olanrewaju Adebayo, S, Osborne, R, Pacilli, M, Palacio, J, Patnaik, S, Pavlopoulos, V, de León, P, Piterová, I, Porto, J, Puzio, A, Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J, Rentería Pérez, E, Renström, E, Rousseaux, T, Ryan, M, Safdar, S, Sainz, M, Salvati, M, Samekin, A, Schindler, S, Sevincer, A, Seydi, M, Shepherd, D, Sherbaji, S, Schmader, T, Simão, C, Sobhie, R, Sobiecki, J, De Souza, L, Sarter, E, Sulejmanović, D, Sullivan, K, Tatsumi, M, Tavitian-Elmadjian, L, Thakur, S, Thi Mong Chi, Q, Torre, B, Torres, A, Torres, C, Türkoğlu, B, Ungaretti, J, Valshtein, T, Van Laar, C, van der Noll, J, Vasiutynskyi, V, Vauclair, C, Vohra, N, Walentynowicz, M, Ward, C, Włodarczyk, A, Yang, Y, Yzerbyt, V, Zanello, V, Zapata-Calvente, A, Zawisza, M, Žukauskienė, R, Żadkowska, M, and Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa

Subjects
Binary sex differences, Social Psychology, binary sex difference, 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology, Self-views, communality, agency, self-views, binary sex differences, egalitarianism, gender equality, Communication and Media, communality, Gender equality, Communality, Clinical Psychology, Egalitarianism, Agency, self-view, agency, egalitarianism, binary sex differences, self-views, 150 Psychology, gender equality, M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE
Abstract

Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries’ more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction processes present in these countries. Using data from 62 countries (N = 28,640), we examine binary gender gaps in agentic and communal self-views as a function of country-level objective gender equality (the Global Gender Gap Index) and subjective distributions of social power (the Power Distance Index). Findings show that in more egalitarian countries, gender gaps in agency are smaller and gender gaps in communality are larger. These patterns are driven primarily by cross-country differences in men’s self-views and by the Power Distance Index (PDI) more robustly than the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI). We consider possible causes and implications of these findings., National Science Centre, Poland 2017/26/M/HS6/00360, United States Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA, NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) RL5GM118963, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain RTI2018-093550-B-I00, Grant Agency of the Czech Republic 20-01214S, Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences RVO: 68081740, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) ES/S00274X/1 MCIN/AEI PID2019-111549GB-I00, European Research Council (ERC) European Commission ERC-2016-COG 725128, Swedish Research Council Swedish Research Council for Health Working Life & Welfare (Forte) 2017-00414, University of Brasilia 04/2019

Published
2022
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8. The HEV Ventilator: at the interface between particle physics and biomedical engineering

Author

Jan Buytaert, Paula Collins, Adam Abed Abud, Phil Allport, Antonio Pazos Álvarez, Kazuyoshi Akiba, Oscar Augusto de Aguiar Francisco, Aurelio Bay, Florian Bernard, Sophie Baron, Claudia Bertella, Josef X. Brunner, Themis Bowcock, Martine Buytaert-De Jode, Wiktor Byczynski, Ricardo De Carvalho, Victor Coco, Ruth Collins, Nikola Dikic, Nicolas Dousse, Bruce Dowd, Kārlis Dreimanis, Raphael Dumps, Paolo Durante, Walid Fadel, Stephen Farry, Antonio Fernàndez Prieto, Arturo Fernàndez Tèllez, Gordon Flynn, Vinicius Franco Lima, Raymond Frei, Abraham Gallas Torreira, Tonatiuh García Chàvez, Evangelos Gazis, Roberto Guida, Karol Hennessy, Andre Henriques, David Hutchcroft, Stefan Ilic, Artūrs Ivanovs, Aleksandar Jevtic, Emigdio Jimenez Dominguez, Christian Joram, Kacper Kapusniak, Edgar Lemos Cid, Jana Lindner, Rolf Lindner, M. Ivàn Martínez Hernàndez, Mirko Meboldt, Marko Milovanovic, Sylvain Mico, Johan Morant, Michel Morel, Georg Männel, Dónal Murray, Irina Nasteva, Niko Neufeld, Igor Neuhold, Francisco Pardo-Sobrino López, Eliseo Pèrez Trigo, Gonzalo Pichel Jallas, Edyta Pilorz, Lise Piquilloud, Xavier Pons, David Reiner, Hector David Règules Medel, Saul Rodríguez Ramírez, Mario Rodíguez Cahuantzi, Carl Roosens, Philipp Rostalski, Freek Sanders, Eric Saucet, Marianne Schmid Daners, Burkhard Schmidt, Patrick Schoettker, Rainer Schwemmer, Heinrich Schindler, Archana Sharma, Derick Sivakumaran, Christophe Sigaud, Vasilios Spitas, Nicola Steffen, Peter Svihra, Guillermo Tejeda Muñoz, Nikolaos Tachatos, Efstratios Tsolakis, Jan van Leemput, Laurence Vignaux, Francois Vasey, Hamish Woonton, Ken Wyllie, and Publica

Subjects
Health Physics and Radiation Effects, triggering, Engineering, Multidisciplinary, biomedical engineering, COVID-19, ventilation modes, oxygen enrichment, medical physics
Abstract

A high-quality, low-cost ventilator, dubbed HEV, has been developed by the particle physics community working together with biomedical engineers and physicians around the world. The HEV design is suitable for use both in and out of hospital intensive care units, provides a variety of modes and is capable of supporting spontaneous breathing and supplying oxygen-enriched air. An external air supply can be combined with the unit for use in situations where compressed air is not readily available. HEV supports remote training and post market surveillance via a Web interface and data logging to complement standard touch screen operation, making it suitable for a wide range of geographical deployment. The HEV design places emphasis on the ventilation performance, especially the quality and accuracy of the pressure curves, reactivity of the trigger, measurement of delivered volume and control of oxygen mixing, delivering a global performance which will be applicable to ventilator needs beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes the conceptual design and presents the prototype units together with a performance evaluation.

Published
2021

9. Fluc-EGFP reporter mice reveal differential alterations of neuronal proteostasis in aging and disease

Author

Elena Katharina Schulz-Trieglaff, Sonja Blumenstock, Mark S. Hipp, Paul Lapios, Irina Dudanova, F. Ulrich Hartl, Rüdiger Klein, Kerstin Voelkl, Anna-Lena Bolender, and Jana Lindner

Subjects
Aging, Protein Folding, Gene Expression, Protein aggregation, Hippocampus, Green fluorescent protein, Mice, MUTANT HUNTINGTIN, 0302 clinical medicine, Genes, Reporter, Aging brain, Cells, Cultured, INTRANUCLEAR INCLUSIONS, Neurons, protein homeostasis, 0303 health sciences, General Neuroscience, CORTICAL-NEURONS, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Huntington's disease, MOUSE MODEL, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Huntington Disease, Tauopathies, Protein folding, Tauopathy, Disease Susceptibility, PROTEIN AGGREGATION, Intracellular, Huntington’s disease, CHEMICAL CHAPERONE, Resource, ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM, Mice, Transgenic, Biology, Protein Aggregation, Pathological, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Protein Aggregates, Post-translational Modifications & Proteolysis, POLYQ PROTEINS, medicine, Animals, Luciferase, Proteostasis Deficiencies, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, General Immunology and Microbiology, reporter mouse, tauopathy, medicine.disease, Disease Models, Animal, Proteostasis, CELL-DEATH, MOTOR-NEURONS, nuclear and cytoplasmic aggregates, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience
Abstract

The cellular protein quality control machinery is important for preventing protein misfolding and aggregation. Declining protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is believed to play a crucial role in age‐related neurodegenerative disorders. However, how neuronal proteostasis capacity changes in different diseases is not yet sufficiently understood, and progress in this area has been hampered by the lack of tools to monitor proteostasis in mammalian models. Here, we have developed reporter mice for in vivo analysis of neuronal proteostasis. The mice express EGFP‐fused firefly luciferase (Fluc‐EGFP), a conformationally unstable protein that requires chaperones for proper folding, and that reacts to proteotoxic stress by formation of intracellular Fluc‐EGFP foci and by reduced luciferase activity. Using these mice, we provide evidence for proteostasis decline in the aging brain. Moreover, we find a marked reaction of the Fluc‐EGFP sensor in a mouse model of tauopathy, but not in mouse models of Huntington’s disease. Mechanistic investigations in primary neuronal cultures demonstrate that different types of protein aggregates have distinct effects on the cellular protein quality control. Thus, Fluc‐EGFP reporter mice enable new insights into proteostasis alterations in different diseases., In vivo expression of conformationally unstable EGFP‐fused firefly luciferase, which forms intracellular foci and exhibits reduced activity upon proteotoxic stress, elucidates the occurrence of proteostasis decline in mouse models of aging and tauopathy but not Huntington's disease.

Published
2021

10. Gulp1 controls Eph/ephrin trogocytosis and is important for cell rearrangements during development

Author

Rüdiger Klein, Jana Lindner, Yunyun Huang, Rudolf Winklbauer, Olivia Luu, Louise Gaitanos, Jingyi Gong, and Thomas N Gaitanos

Subjects
0303 health sciences, Trogocytosis, Endocytic cycle, Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptor, Adaptor Signaling Protein, Signal transducing adaptor protein, Cell Biology, Biology, Cell biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ephrin, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Trans-endocytosis, 030304 developmental biology, Dynamin
Abstract

Trogocytosis, in which cells nibble away parts of neighboring cells, is an intercellular cannibalism process conserved from protozoa to mammals. Its underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood and are likely distinct from phagocytosis, a process that clears entire cells. Bi-directional contact repulsion induced by Eph/ephrin signaling involves transfer of membrane patches and full-length Eph/ephrin protein complexes between opposing cells, resembling trogocytosis. Here, we show that the phagocytic adaptor protein Gulp1 regulates EphB/ephrinB trogocytosis to achieve efficient cell rearrangements of cultured cells and during embryonic development. Gulp1 mediates trogocytosis bi-directionally by dynamic engagement with EphB/ephrinB protein clusters in cooperation with the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam2. Ultimately, Gulp1’s presence at the Eph/ephrin cluster is a prerequisite for recruiting the endocytic GTPase dynamin. These results suggest that EphB/ephrinB trogocytosis, unlike other trogocytosis events, uses a phagocytosis-like mechanism to achieve efficient membrane scission and engulfment.

Published
2019
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11. Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations

Author

John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, Dashamir Bërxulli, Tomasz Besta, Soline Ammirati, Ana Makashvili, Sandesh Dhakal, Mandy Boehnke, Emma C. O’Connor, Jennifer K. Bosson, Hedy Greijdanus, Janine Bosak, Serdar Karabati, Monika Kovacs, Emma A. Renström, Martina Hřebíčková, Neharika Vohra, Valeska Zanello, Ani Grigoryan, Vincent Yzerbyt, Marco Salvati, Eric S. Mankowski, Jorge Palacio, Joaquín Ungaretti, Collins Badu Agyemang, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Sylvie Graf, Vadym Vasiutynskyi, Masoumeh Seydi, Dominique Muller, Junyi Li, Alin Gavreliuc, Adil Samekin, Antonella Ludmila Zapata-Calvente, Carla Sofia Esteves, Soledad de Lemus, Amarina Ariyanto, Nikolay Dvorianchikov, Angela T. Maitner, A. Timur Sevincer, Maja Becker, Justine Dandy, Tiphaine Rousseaux, Simon Schindler, Tiziana Mancini, Sachiko Ohno, Serena Daalmans, Desirée Kozlowski, Francesca Guizzo, Rosita Sobhie, Nhan Thi Lac An, Claudia Manzi, Sami Abuhamdeh, Chongzeng Bi, Mary Anne Lauri, Juliana Barreiros Porto, Erico Rentería Pérez, Sonoko Egami, Gabriella Kengyel, Hannah Hämer, Vladimir Mihić, Rawan Ghazzawi, Jasna Milošević Đorđević, Katie E. Sullivan, Mariko Tatsumi, Sadia Malik, Quang Thi Mong Chi, Sarah E. Martiny, Sara Sherbaji, Michael Bender, Narine Khachatryan, Lucy R. Tavitian-Elmadjian, Katharina Block, Miriam-Linnea Hale, Deborah L. Best, Andrew B. Moynihan, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Mika Hirai, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo, Abiodun Musbau Lawal, Qingwei Chen, Marta Walentynowicz, Annalisa Casini, Dorthe Høj Jensen, Cláudio Vaz Torres, Aistė Bakaitytė, Edgardo Etchezahar, Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Mujeeba Ashraf, Magdalena Zawisza, Paweł Jurek, Anna Lindqvist, Silvia Mari, Joanna Grzymała-Moszczyńska, Shera Malayeri, Peilian Chi, Toni Schmader, Danielle P. Ochoa, Michał Olech, Pablo Perez de Leon, Teri A. Kirby, Ana Raquel Rosas Torres, Lucille De Souza, Kimberly A. Noels, Erita Narhetali, Saba Safdar, Chiara Bertolli, Vera Cubela Adoric, Emma Sarter, Mary Kinahan, Angelica Puzio, Beril Türkoğlu, Laura Froehlich, Clara Kulich, Jolanda van der Noll, Dijana Sulejmanović, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Jana Lindner, Timothy Jacob Valshtein, Mario Sainz, Randall E. Osborne, Colleen Ward, Tai Kurosawa, Snigdha Patnaik, Rita Žukauskienė, Paul B. Hutchings, Suparna Jain Thakur, Javier Labarthe, Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti, Anna Wlodarczyk, Boglárka Nyúl, Kaltrina Kelmendi, Claude-Hélène Mayer, Colette van Laar, Michelle K. Ryan, Beatriz Torre, Debra Shepherd, Yaping Yang, Félix Neto, Keltouma Guerch, Maria Giuseppina Pacilli, Gulnaz Anjum, Neto Felix, Vladislav Krivoshchekov, Marie Gustafsson Sendén, Efraín García-Sánchez, Joel Anderson, Lam Hoang Duc, Satu Venäläinen, Elena Makarova, Cláudia Simão, Joseph A. Vandello, Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Dana Gavreliuc, Ioana M Latu, Silvia Moscatelli, Gülçin Akbaş, Magdalena Żadkowska, Renata Bongiorno, Eva Moreno-Bella, Vera Hoorens, Ángel Gómez, Ivana Piterová, Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE-LTC), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bosson, J, Jurek, P, Vandello, J, Kosakowska-Berezecka, N, Olech, M, Besta, T, Bender, M, Hoorens, V, Becker, M, Timur Sevincer, A, Best, D, Safdar, S, Wlodarczyk, A, Zawisza, M, Zadkowska, M, Abuhamdeh, S, Badu Agyemang, C, Akbas, G, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Ammirati, S, Anderson, J, Anjum, G, Ariyanto, A, Jamir Benzon, R, Ashraf, M, Bakaityte, A, Bertolli, C, Berxulli, D, Bi, C, Block, K, Boehnke, M, Bongiorno, R, Bosak, J, Casini, A, Chen, Q, Chi, P, Cubela Adoric, V, Daalmans, S, Dandy, J, Lemus, S, Dhakal, S, Dvorianchikov, N, Egami, S, Etchezahar, E, Sofia Esteves, C, Felix, N, Froehlich, L, Garcia-Sanchez, E, Gavreliuc, A, Gavreliuc, D, Gomez, A, Guizzo, F, Graf, S, Greijdanus, H, Grigoryan, A, Grzymala-Moszczynska, J, Guerch, K, Gustafsson Senden, M, Hale, M, Hamer, H, Hirai, M, Hoang Duc, L, Hrebickova, M, Hutchings, P, Hoj Jensen, D, Jasinskaja-Lahti, I, Karabati, S, Kelmendi, K, Kengyel, G, Khachatryan, N, Ghazzawi, R, Kinahan, M, Kirby, T, Kovacs, M, Kozlowski, D, Krivoshchekov, V, Kulich, C, Kurosawa, T, Thi Lac An, N, Labarthe, J, Latu, I, Anne Lauri, M, Mankowski, E, Musbau Lawal, A, Li, J, Lindner, J, Lindqvist, A, Maitner, A, Makarova, E, Makashvili, A, Malayeri, S, Malik, S, Mancini, T, Manzi, C, Mari, S, Martiny, S, Mayer, C, Mihic, V, Milosevic Dordevic, J, Moreno-Bella, E, Moscatelli, S, Bryan Moynihan, A, Muller, D, Narhetali, E, Neto, F, Noels, K, Nyul, B, O'Connor, E, Ochoa, D, Ohno, S, Olanrewaju Adebayo, S, Osborne, R, Giuseppina Pacilli, M, Palacio, J, Patnaik, S, Pavlopoulos, V, Perez de Leon, P, Piterova, I, Barreiros Porto, J, Puzio, A, Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J, Renteria Perez, E, Renstrom, E, Rousseaux, T, Ryan, M, Sainz, M, Salvati, M, Samekin, A, Schindler, S, Seydi, M, Shepherd, D, Sherbaji, S, Schmader, T, Simao, C, Sobhie, R, Souza, L, Sarter, E, Sulejmanovic, D, Sullivan, K, Tatsumi, M, Tavitian-Elmadjian, L, Jain Thakur, S, Thi Mong Chi, Q, Torre, B, Torres, A, Torres, C, Turkoglu, B, Ungaretti, J, Valshtein, T, Van Laar, C, van der Noll, J, Vasiutynskyi, V, Vauclair, C, Venalainen, S, Vohra, N, Walentynowicz, M, Ward, C, Yang, Y, Yzerbyt, V, Zanello, V, Ludmila Zapata-Calvente, A, Zukauskiene, R, UCL - SSH/IPSY - Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Social Psychology, Research programme OB, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Bosson J.K., Jurek P., Vandello J.A., Kosakowska-Berezecka N., Olech M., Besta T., Bender M., Hoorens V., Becker M., Timur Sevincer A., Best D.L., Safdar S., Wlodarczyk A., Zawisza M., Zadkowska M., Abuhamdeh S., Badu Agyemang C., Akbas G., Albayrak-Aydemir N., Ammirati S., Anderson J., Anjum G., Ariyanto A., Jamir Benzon R. Aruta J., Ashraf M., Bakaityte A., Bertolli C., Berxulli D., Bi C., Block K., Boehnke M., Bongiorno R., Bosak J., Casini A., Chen Q., Chi P., Cubela Adoric V., Daalmans S., Dandy J., Lemus S.D., Dhakal S., Dvorianchikov N., Egami S., Etchezahar E., Sofia Esteves C., Felix N., Froehlich L., Garcia-Sanchez E., Gavreliuc A., Gavreliuc D., Gomez A., Guizzo F., Graf S., Greijdanus H., Grigoryan A., Grzymala-Moszczynska J., Guerch K., Gustafsson Senden M., Hale M.-L., Hamer H., Hirai M., Hoang Duc L., Hrebickova M., Hutchings P.B., Hoj Jensen D., Jasinskaja-Lahti I., Karabati S., Kelmendi K., Kengyel G., Khachatryan N., Ghazzawi R., Kinahan M., Kirby T.A., Kovacs M., Kozlowski D., Krivoshchekov V., Kulich C., Kurosawa T., Thi Lac An N., Labarthe J., Latu I., Anne Lauri M., Mankowski E., Musbau Lawal A., Li J., Lindner J., Lindqvist A., Maitner A.T., Makarova E., Makashvili A., Malayeri S., Malik S., Mancini T., Manzi C., Mari S., Martiny S.E., Mayer C.-H., Mihic V., Milosevic Dordevic J., Moreno-Bella E., Moscatelli S., Bryan Moynihan A., Muller D., Narhetali E., Neto F., Noels K.A., Nyul B., O'Connor E.C., Ochoa D.P., Ohno S., Olanrewaju Adebayo S., Osborne R., Giuseppina Pacilli M., Palacio J., Patnaik S., Pavlopoulos V., Perez de Leon P., Piterova I., Barreiros Porto J., Puzio A., Pyrkosz-Pacyna J., Renteria Perez E., Renstrom E., Rousseaux T., Ryan M.K., Sainz M., Salvati M., Samekin A., Schindler S., Seydi M., Shepherd D., Sherbaji S., Schmader T., Simao C., Sobhie R., Souza L.D., Sarter E., Sulejmanovic D., Sullivan K.E., Tatsumi M., Tavitian-Elmadjian L., Jain Thakur S., Thi Mong Chi Q., Torre B., Torres A., Torres C.V., Turkoglu B., Ungaretti J., Valshtein T., Van Laar C., van der Noll J., Vasiutynskyi V., Vauclair C.-M., Venalainen S., Vohra N., Walentynowicz M., Ward C., Yang Y., Yzerbyt V., Zanello V., Ludmila Zapata-Calvente A., Zukauskiene R., and Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa

Subjects
Cultural Studies, Ciências Sociais::Sociologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology, Social Sciences, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 050109 social psychology, Ambivalence, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Psychology, Social, Precarious manhood beliefs, 050105 experimental psychology, ddc:150, Psychometric isomorphism, precarious manhood beliefs, ambivalent sexism, ambivalence toward men, Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Meaning (existential), media_common, Isomorphism (sociology), Ciências Sociais::Antropologia [Domínio/Área Científica], precarious manhood belief, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, psychometric isomorphism, precarious manhood beliefs, ambivalent sexism, ambivalence toward men, 16. Peace & justice, Ambivalence toward men, Human development (humanity), Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, 3. Good health, Communication and Media, Ambivalent sexism, Scale (social sciences), Anthropology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Ideology, 150 Psychology, Social psychology, Social status
Abstract

The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by a Grant from the National Science Centre in Poland (Grant Number: 2017/26/M/HS6/00360) awarded to Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka. Data collection by the following researchers was supported by Grants as follows: Emma C. O'Connor (Grant RL5GM118963 from National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health; Angel Gomez (Grant RTI2018-093550-B-I00 from the Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain); Sylvie Graf and Martina Hrebickova (Grant 20-01214S from the Czech Science Foundation, and Grant RVO: 68081740 from the Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences); Teri A. Kirby (Grant ES/S00274X/1 from the Economic and Social Research Council); Soledad de Lemus (Grant PSI2016-79971-P from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the excellence); Michelle K. Ryan and Renata Bongiorno (Grant ERC-2016-COG 725128 from the European Research Council awarded to Michelle K. Ryan); Marie Gustafsson Senden, Anna Lindqvist and Emma Renstrom (Grant 2017-00414 from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare); Claudio V. Torres (Grant DPI/DIRPE n. 04/2019 from the University of Brasilia)., This study was preregistered in Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/u9xfg/., Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Whereas qualitative and ethnographic data suggest that many cultures conceptualize manhood as precarious, quantitative research has yet to demonstrate the cross-cultural consistency of precarious manhood beliefs. Here, we examined the psychometric isomorphism, or measurement invariance, of a brief precarious manhood beliefs scale (the PMB). Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N=33,417), we examined: (1) the isomorphism of the PMB across individual and country levels; (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies (e.g., ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; Glick & Fiske, 1996, 1999); and (3) associations of the PMB with country-level indices of gender equality (the GGGI; World Economic Forum, 2019) and human development (the HDI; United Nations Development Programme, 2019). Findings indicate that the PMB is a psychometrically valid and isomorphic index of beliefs about the male gender role that accounts for unique variance in country-level gender equality and human development., National Science Center, Poland 2017/26/M/HS6/00360, United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) RL5GM118963, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain RTI2018-093550-B-I00, Grant Agency of the Czech Republic 20-01214S, Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences RVO: 68081740, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) ES/S00274X/1, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness PSI2016-79971-P, European Research Council (ERC) European Commission ERC-2016-COG 725128, Swedish Research Council Swedish Research Council for Health Working Life & Welfare (Forte) 2017-00414, University of Brasilia 04/2019

Published
2021
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12. Novel proteostasis reporter mouse reveals different effects of cytoplasmic and nuclear aggregates on protein quality control in neurons

Author

Sonja Blumenstock, Irina Dudanova, Lapios P, Kerstin Voelkl, Elena Katharina Schulz-Trieglaff, Mark S. Hipp, Rüdiger Klein, Anna-Lena Bolender, Jana Lindner, and Hartl Fu

Subjects
Proteostasis, Cytoplasm, medicine, Aging brain, Protein folding, Luciferase, Tauopathy, Biology, medicine.disease, Protein quality, Intracellular, Cell biology
Abstract

The cellular protein quality control machinery is important for preventing protein misfolding and aggregation, and decline in protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is believed to play a crucial role in age-related neurodegenerative disorders. However, how proteostasis capacity of neurons changes in different diseases is not yet sufficiently understood, and progress in this area has been hampered by the lack of tools to monitor proteostasis in mammalian models. Here, we have developed reporter mice for in vivo analysis of neuronal proteostasis. The mice express EGFP-fused firefly luciferase (Fluc), a conformationally unstable protein that requires chaperones for proper folding and sensitively reacts to proteotoxic stress by formation of intracellular Fluc-EGFP foci and by reduced luciferase activity. Using these mice, we provide evidence for proteostasis decline in the aging brain. Moreover, we find a marked impairment in proteostasis in tauopathy mice, but not in Huntington’s disease mice. Mechanistic investigations in primary neuronal cultures demonstrate that cytoplasmic, but not nuclear, aggregates cause defects of cellular protein quality control. Thus, the Fluc-EGFP reporter mice enable new insights into proteostasis alterations in different diseases.

Published
2020
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13. Genderkompetenzen in der Medizin: Brustkrebsfrüherkennung als neues Tätigkeitsfeld für blinde Frauen

Author

Frank Hoffmann and Jana Lindner

Abstract

Der Einsatz einer gendermedizinischen Sichtweise als langst uberfallige Masnahme zur Qualitatssteigerung der Gesundheitsversorgung bedingt daher eine Ausbildung von Genderkompetenzen und eine entsprechende Professionalisierung von Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsablaufen. Der Beitrag stellt hier beispielhaft das Projekt discovering hands® vor: Hier werden blinde und sehbehinderte Frauen zu spezialisierten Tastdiagnostikerinnen ausgebildet.

Published
2016
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14. Characterization of dendritic spines in the Drosophila central nervous system

Author

Stephan J. Sigrist, Wernher Fouquet, Irina Hein, Gaia Tavosanis, Ewa Koper, Jana Lindner, and Florian Leiss

Subjects
Nervous system, Central Nervous System, Dendritic spine, Microscopy, Confocal, Dendritic Spines, Central nervous system, Biology, Immunohistochemistry, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Actins, Dendritic filopodia, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Actin remodeling of neurons, Microscopy, Electron, medicine.anatomical_structure, Developmental Neuroscience, Interneurons, Tubulin, medicine, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, Animals, Small GTPase, Drosophila, Neuroscience, Actin
Abstract

Dendritic spines are a characteristic feature of a number of neurons in the vertebrate nervous system and have been implicated in processes that include learning and memory. In spite of this, there has been no comprehensive analysis of the presence of spines in a classical genetic system, such as Drosophila, so far. Here, we demonstrate that a subset of processes along the dendrites of visual system interneurons in the adult fly central nervous system, called LPTCs, closely resemble vertebrate spines, based on a number of criteria. First, the morphology, size, and density of these processes are very similar to those of vertebrate spines. Second, they are enriched in actin and devoid of tubulin. Third, they are sites of synaptic connections based on confocal and electron microscopy. Importantly, they represent a preferential site of localization of an acetylcholine receptor subunit, suggesting that they are sites of excitatory synaptic input. Finally, their number is modulated by the level of the small GTPase dRac1. Our results provide a basis to dissect the genetics of dendritic spine formation and maintenance and the functional role of spines. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2009

Published
2009

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