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This thesis aims to analyze the development of the Czech mechanical engineering during the trade cycle from 1970 to the present day. The introductory part establishes the theoretical framework in terms of the definition and history of mechanical engineering along with required macroeconomic identities, trade cycles theories and the transformation process. The second part analyzes and assesses the development of the Czech mechanical engineering in the periods before and after November 1989. First of all, an economic--political and technical framework is established. On the basis of the selected macro-economic and statistical indicators examines and illustrates the influence of recession on the given field. The final section focuses on the current condition of the Czech mechanical engineering. This part also examines the nature of the impact present geopolitical conflicts have on the Czech mechanical engineering. Finally, the thesis summarizes the outcomes and draws the conclusion that the Czech mechanical engineering is influenced by the trade cycle to a greater extent than the rest of the Czech economy. However, the influence varies within the two observed periods. The thesis thus offers a new and detailed view on a branch which has not been given sufficient space in other similar papers.