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7. Subsequent drought and re‐watering events cause a shift in productivity and nutritive value of alfalfa and hybrid fescue plant.

Author

Kacienė, Giedrė, Miškelytėc, Diana, Dikšaitytė, Austra, Januškaitienė, Irena, Sujetovienė, Gintarė, Žaltauskaitė, Jūratė, Praspaliauskas, Marius, and Juknys, Romualdas

Subjects
DROUGHTS, ALFALFA, FESCUE, FORAGE plant quality, WATER shortages, CLIMATE change, PLANT metabolism
Abstract

Global climate change leads to increasing frequency of droughts, threatening the productivity and quality of forage plants. Therefore, this glasshouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of reoccurring droughts on productivity and nutritive value of alfalfa and hybrid fescue plants. Starting from 63 days after sowing, seedlings of plants were exposed to double drought‐recovery treatments, each separate period lasting for 1 week. At the end of each treatment, growth of above‐ and below‐ground dry weight, lipid peroxidation, total antioxidative capacity, content of polyphenols, soluble and insoluble carbohydrates and proteins, as well as elemental composition of shoots were investigated. The findings confirmed our hypothesis, as growth of both plant species were mostly insignificantly affected by subsequent drought events. Whereas effect on leave redox homeostasis and plant nutritive value was much stronger, highly depending on both plant species and the order of stress event. We found significant drought‐induced increase in the content of water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSCs), starch, soluble and insoluble proteins, and polyphenols. Water shortage tended to decrease and increase the content of most macro‐ and microelements in alfalfa and fescue, respectively. These effects were reversed by re‐watering with several exceptions, such as constant reduction of Ca content in alfalfa. To conclude, alfalfa was found to be more sensitive than fescue to the first drought, but able to recover after both stress events. The second drought‐initiated prolonged accumulation of WSC implies a shift in plants metabolism towards increased resistance and herewith nutritive value with respect to soluble sugars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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8. Organic fertilizers reduce negative effect of drought in barely (C3) and millet (C4) under warmed climate conditions.

Author

Januškaitienė, Irena, Dikšaitytė, Austra, and Kunigiškytė, Jovita

Subjects
*DROUGHT management, *DROUGHTS, *ORGANIC fertilizers, *DROUGHT tolerance, *MILLETS, *BARLEY farming, *PHOTOSYNTHETIC rates
Abstract

The aim of this research was to assess the effect of different fertilization on barley and millet resistance to drought stress under current and warmed climates. Barley grown with organic fertilizers showed 3.8% and 5.6% lower losses of photosynthetic rate than plants grown with mineral fertilizers, at current and warmed climates, respectively. Enrichment with organic fertilizers also resulted in lower and insignificant trapped energy flux losses of barley due to drought in warmed climate compared to losses in fertilization with mineral when the negative drought effect was significant. Production of enzymatic antioxidants in barley, in warmed climate and drought conditions, increased by 44% more due to organic fertilization than due to mineral fertilization. Aforementioned changes in indicators resulted in different drought resistance under different fertilization, as drought resistance index of barley fertilized with organic fertilizers was statistically significantly higher, compared to plants fertilized with mineral fertilizers in both investigated climates. Meanwhile, a statistically significant difference between the changes in millet resistance was found only under current climatic conditions. Study reveals that different fertilization changed the physiological and biochemical response of barley and millet to drought stress, and that organic fertilizers were more effective for plants resistance to drought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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10. Changes in Agricultural Performance of Common Buckwheat Induced by Seed Treatment with Cold Plasma and Electromagnetic Field

Author

Ivankov, Anatolii, primary, Naučienė, Zita, additional, Degutytė-Fomins, Laima, additional, Žūkienė, Rasa, additional, Januškaitienė, Irena, additional, Malakauskienė, Asta, additional, Jakštas, Valdas, additional, Ivanauskas, Liudas, additional, Romanovskaja, Danuta, additional, Šlepetienė, Alvyra, additional, Filatova, Irina, additional, Lyushkevich, Veronika, additional, and Mildažienė, Vida, additional

Published
2021
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11. Nitrogen supplement attenuates drought stress for non-leguminous hybrid plant fescue and does not affect nitrogen-fixing alfalfa.

Author

Januškaitienė, Irena, Kacienė, Giedrė, Dikšaitytė, Austra, Žaltauskaitė, Jūratė, Miškelytė, Diana, Sujetovienė, Gintarė, and Juknys, Romualdas

Subjects
*FESCUE, *ALFALFA, *NITROGEN fertilizers, *DROUGHTS, *ELECTRON transport, *NITROGEN
Abstract

This work focuses on the investigation of forage crops hybrid fescue and legume alfalfa response to drought at different levels of nitrogen fertilization. Plants were grown in pots filled with a mixture of field soil, perlite and fine sand with three (N0, N60 and N90 kg/ha) levels of nitrogen fertilization in a greenhouse. Drought stress was applied by withholding watering for 1 week, after which plants were left for a recovery period of 1 week. In most cases, the morphological indices of alfalfa did not differ significantly between the treatments. In contrast, the above-ground biomass of fescue grown under well-watered conditions was largely enhanced by N addition. The main trend of JIP test parameters was that nitrogen fertilizer did not have a significant effect on alfalfa. Contrarily, additional nitrogen content increased energy fluxes (such as absorption, trapping, electron transport, reduction of end acceptors) and density of reaction centres not only in well-watered but also in drought-affected fescue plants. An increase in nitrogen fertilizers increased content of pigments and flavonoids in fescue leaves. In conclusion, the stress tolerance index of hybrid fescue increased along with the increase in N content due to more efficient use of light energy and increased antioxidative capacity, all of which led to significantly higher production of above-ground biomass at higher N levels and drought stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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15. A manifold response of forage rape to combined heat wave and drought under current and elevated CO2.

Author

Kacienė, Giedrė, Miškelytė, Diana, Dikšaitytė, Austra, Januškaitienė, Irena, Sujetovienė, Gintarė, Žaltauskaitė, Jūratė, Praspaliauskas, Marius, and Juknys, Romualdas

Subjects
HEAT waves (Meteorology), RAPE, DROUGHTS, DROUGHT management, TERMINATION of treatment, AGRICULTURAL climatology, FORAGE plants
Abstract

Intensity and frequency of heat waves (HW) accompanied by drought are increasing, however, still little is known about its effect on forage plants. A pot experiment was carried out in growth chambers in order to elucidate the multiple response of forage rape to combined HW and drought (HD) under current and elevated CO2 (HD + CO2). Forage rape was proved to be relatively HD‐resistant plant, with no significant and long‐term effects on shoot growth and photosynthetic performance, and effective stimulation of antioxidative system, especially in the case of HD + CO2 exposure. Activities of enzymes of ascorbate–glutathione cycle were further stimulated by elevated CO2 even after the termination of HD treatment. Nutritive value of forage rape was also positively affected, as was shown by elevated content of water‐soluble carbohydrates after exposure and starch after the period of recovery (up to 80% and 92%, respectively). Concentrations of most macro‐ and microelements were increased, and stabilized higher or equalized to control level after the period of recovery in a similar pattern for HD and HD + CO2 exposure. However, content of Ca was reduced and remained significantly lower (~20%). One of the most important negative and lagged HD effects was reduction of dry root biomass (~30%), most possibly induced by accumulation of non‐structural carbohydrates in shoot and was not mitigated by elevated CO2. To conclude, forage rape was proved to be a promising forage crop for the future climate with increased frequency of HWs; however, a special attention should be paid to the lagged effects, such as inhibition of root growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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21. Different Crop and Weed Performance under Single and Combined Effects of Elevated CO 2 and Temperature

Author

Kacienė, Giedrė, primary, Dikšaitytė, Austra, additional, Januškaitienė, Irena, additional, Miškelytė, Diana, additional, Žaltauskaitė, Jūratė, additional, Sujetovienė, Gintarė, additional, Sakalauskienė, Sandra, additional, Miliauskienė, Jurga, additional, Juozapaitienė, Gintarė, additional, and Juknys, Romualdas, additional

Published
2017
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24. Antropogeninių aplinkos pokyčių ir klimato poveikis ekosistemoms

Author

Juknys, Romualdas, Dagiliūtė, Renata, Januškaitienė, Irena, Jurkonis, Nerijus, Laurinavičienė, Dovilė, Pūkienė, Rūtilė, Stravinskienė, Vida, Sujetovienė, Gintarė, Venclovienė, Jonė, Vitas, Adomas, Vitkauskaitė, Giedrė, and Žaltauskaitė, Jūratė

Subjects
Augalai--Išsaugojimas, Augalai--Išsaugojimas--Tyrimai, Plant conservation--Research, Plant conservation
Abstract

Žmogaus veiklos sąlygojami vietinio, regioninio bei pasaulinio masto aplinkos pokyčiai ir pastaruoju metu aktyvėjanti klimato kaita daro vis didesnį poveikį natūralioms ir antropogeninėms ekosistemoms. Didžiausia problema yra ta, kad visi šie veiksniai augalus, kaip ir kitus gyvus organizmus, veikia kartu ir ištirti kompleksišką jų poveikį bei prognozuoti galimus tolesnius augalijos būklės, produktyvumo bei biologinės įvairovės pokyčius – ne tik ypač svarbus, bet ir labai sudėtingas uždavinys. Pagrindinis šio mokslinio klasterio vykdomų tyrimų tikslas – ištirti miškų ir agroekosistemų augalijos augimo, produktyvumo, struktūros, biologinės įvairovės ir būklės pokyčius kintant aplinkos ir klimato sąlygoms, įvertinti augalijos prisitaikymo prie šių pokyčių potencialą ir antropogeninio poveikio aplinkai bei klimatui mažinimo galimybes didinant gamybos ir vartojimo ekologinį veiksmingumą. Straipsnyje pateikiami pagrindiniai klasterio mokslininkų pastaraisiais metais atliktų tyrimų rezultatai. Antropogenic environmental changes such as depletion of stratosphere ozone layer and increase of ultraviolet radiation, increased ground level ozone concentration, environmental acidification and eutrophization, as well as, global climate changes usually are considered as main anthropogenic processes causing essential changes in vegetation state, productivity and biodiversity. The most complicated and important task is to investigate general response of vegetation to these factors and to forecast possible consequences. The main aim of this scientific cluster – to investigate changes in vegetation structure, productivity and biodiversity under changing environment and climate and to evaluate adaptive capacity of different wild and cultural plant species, as well as, possibilities to reduce environmental impact according to principles of sustainable development. The main results of scientific investigations in this field are presented in the article. Scientific head of cluster – prof. R. Juknys, chairmen of counsil – prof. V. Stravinskienė. Scientists and PhD students of Environmental department, Environmental research center, Botanical garden and Department of Physics takes part in this scientific cluster.

Published
2012

25. Impact of Low Concentration of Cadmium on Photosynthesis and Growth of Pea and Barley

Author

Januškaitienė, Irena

Subjects
cadmium, photosynthesis, transpiration, water use efficiency, biomass, food and beverages, Environmental Research
Abstract

Photosynthetic gas exchange and growth characteristics were examined in pea and barley plants using 1 mM Cd treatment. Plants were sown into neutral peat substrate and at a leaf development stage were treated with 1 mM cadmium concentration solution. Gas exchange parameters (photosynthetic rate; intercellular CO2 concentration; transpiration rate; water use efficiency) were measured with portable photosynthesis system LI-6400 on the fifth day after Cd treatment. Under Cd stress the photosynthetic rate of pea and barley plants decreased by 16.7 % (p < 0.05) and 12.8 % (p < 0.05), respectively, compared to the reference treatments. Photosynthetic response of pea leaves to cadmium stress was slightly different from that of barley. Intercellular CO2 concentration decreased by 27.4 % (p < 0.05) in pea leaves but it increased by 33.5 % (p < 0.05) in barley leaves. Cadmium treatment had no statistical significant effect on the transpiration rate of pea plants, while the transpiration rate of Cd treated barley decreased by 23.1 % (p < 0.05), compared to the reference treatment. CO2 reduction processes of Cd treated pea leaves increased (because intercellular CO2 concentration decreased), but that had no positive effect on a photosynthetic rate, and the photosynthetic rate of pea decreased by 4 % more than that of barley. The changes of dry biomass of cadmium treated plants were weak and statistically insignificant.

Published
2010

27. Aplinkos duomenų analizės ir modeliavimo laboratoriniai darbai : metodinė priemonė

Author

Januškaitienė, Irena

Subjects
Environmental sciences--Data processing--Laboratory manuals, Mathematical statistics--Computer programs, Aplinkos mokslai--Duomenų tvarkymas--Laboratoriniai darbai aukštosioms mokykloms, Matematinė statistika--Programos kompiuteriams
Abstract

Aplinkotyros ir kitų sričių specialistai susiduria su dideliais kiekiais sukauptų duomenų. Programa „Statistica“ skirta minėtų duomenų masyvų statistinei analizei. Mokymo priemonėje pateikiami įvairių aplinkos tyrimų metu sukauptų duomenų analizės (vidurkių palyginimo, dispersinės analizės, korialiacinės, netiesinio ryšio regresinių modelių bei laiko sekų) pavyzdžiai naudojant programinį paketą „Statistica“. Specialist of environment researches faces with large amount of data. Program „Statistica“ permits and facilitates analysis massive data files. In this training aid is presented examples of data analysis (mean comparison, analysis of variance, correlation, multiple regression and nonlinear estimation, time series) of environmental researches using program “Statistica”.

Published
2009

28. The investigation on duration of physiological barley adaptation to the impact of heavy metals and medium acidity

Author

Blažytė, Asta, Juknys, Romualdas, and Januškaitienė, Irena

Subjects
Sunkieji metalai, Heavy metals, Miežiai--Adaptacija, Photosynthetic pigments, Fotosintezės pigmentai, Barley--Adaptation, Acid soils, Rūgštūs dirvožemiai
Abstract

Tyrimo tikslas – ištirti vasarinių miežių (Hordeum vulgare L.) adaptacinio periodo prie sunkiojo metalo kadmio ir rūgščios aplinkos poveikio trukmę. Auginant miežius skystoje aeruojamoje mitybinėje terpėje, nustatyta, kad vasariniai miežiai, augdami nedidelės (0,6 µM) kadmio koncentracijos tirpale, per 4-5 paras fiziologiškai prisitaiko prie didesnės (12 µM) koncentracijos tirpalo poveikio. Didesnis negu kontroliniame variante chlorofilų bei karotinoidų kiekis miežių lapuose nustatytas po 3 parų adaptacinio periodo. Adaptacija prie labai rūgščios terpės nėra tokia ryški, kaip prie kadmio poveikio. Sąlygiškai mažai rūgščioje (pH 4,0) terpėje augę augalai per 4-5 dienas prisitaiko prie labai rūgščios (pH 2,7) terpės, tačiau, kai adaptacinis poveikis trunka ilgiau, papildomas rūgštesnės terpės poveikis sukelia augimo depresiją. The aim of this investigation is to analyze the duration of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) adaptive period to the impact heavy metal cadmium and substrata acidity. Laboratory experiments has shoved that the sprig barley seedlings cultivated in aerated nutrient medium with low cadmium concentrations physiologically adapted to higher concentrations of this heavy metal during 4 days. Chlorophylls and carotenoids in barley leafs, after adaptation to low (0,6 µM) cadmium concentration and later cultivated at higher (12 µM) concentration of this heavy metal, was higher than in the control (unadapted) variant on after more than three days of adaptation. Spring barley adaptation to the substrata acidity isn’t as well-defined as in the case of cadmium. The seedlings first cultivated in pH 4.0 acidity nutrient medium showed adaptation to pH 2.7 medium acidity after 4-5 days of pretreatment. However, if adaptation period lasted longer, additional impact of stronger acidity resulted in barley growth depression.

Published
2006

29. Tolerance of photosynthesis pigments system of agricultural plants to ozone and UV-B radiation stress

Author

Brazaitytė, Aušra, Juknys, Romualdas, Sakalauskaitė, Jurga, Šikšnianienė, Jūratė Bronė, Januškaitienė, Irena, Dėdelienė, Kristina, Sliesaravičius, Algirdas, Ramaškevičienė, Asta, Juozaitytė, Rima, Šlepetys, Jonas, Kadžiulienė, Žydrė, Lazauskas, Sigitas, and Duchovskis, Pavelas

Subjects
Ozone--Physiological effect, Augalai--Ultravioletinio spinduliavimo poveikis, Ozonas--Fiziologinis poveikis, Chlorofilas, Karotinoidai, Plants--Effect of ultraviolet radiation on, Chlophyll, Carotenoids
Abstract

Darbo tikslas – nustatyti žemės ūkio augalų fotosintezės pigmentų sistemos toleranciją ozono ir UV-B spinduliuotės sukeltam stresui. Vegetaciniai bandymai atlikti LSDI Augalų fiziologijos laboratorijos fitotroniniame komplekse 2004-2005 m. Tirta baltoji balanda (Chenopodium album L.), gauruotoji soja Progres (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), vasarinis miežis Aura (Hordeum vulgare L.), valgomasis pomidoras Svara (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), pašarinis motiejukas Gintaras II (Phleum pratense L.), sėjamasis žirnis Ilgiai (Pisum sativum L.), valgomasis ridikėlis Žara (Raphanus sativus L.) ir raudonasis dobilas Liepsna (Trifolium pratense L.). Tirtas tokių koncentracijų ozono poveikis: 0 (kontrolinis var.), 120 µg m-3, 240 µg m-3, 360 µg m-3 ir UV-B spinduliuotės dozės: 0 (kontrolinis var.), 1, 3, 5, 7 ir 9 kJ m-2 per dieną. Žaliuose augalų lapuose nustatytas fotosintezės pigmentų kiekis. Pagal fotosintezės pigmentų pokyčius, ozonui ir UV-B spinduliuotei jautriausi buvo miežiai ir žirniai, o tolerantiškiausi – pomidorai ir ridikėliai. Įvairių rūšių augalų fotosintezės pigmentų sistema skirtingai reaguoja į ozono ir UV-B spinduliuotės poveikį ir gali būti kaip adaptacijos prie šių nepalankių veiksnių požymis. The object of the work was to determine tolerance of photosynthesis pigment system of agricultural plants to ozone and UV-B radiation stress. Investigations were carried out in chambers of phytotron complex, LIH. Chenopodium album L., Glycine max (L.) Merr. var. Progres, Hordeum vulgare L. var. ‘Aura’, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. var. ‘Svara’, Phleum pratense L. var. ‘Gintaras’, Pisum sativum L. var. ‘Ilgiai’, Raphanus sativus L. var. ‘Žara’ ir Trifolium pratense L. var. Liepsna was used for investigations. Ozone concentrations of 120; 240; 360 g m-3 (7h each day, 5 days per week) and UV-B radiation doses of 0 (control), 1, 3, 5, 7 ir 9 kJ m-2 d-1 were applied. A photoperiod of 16 h and temperatures at 21/17°C (day/night) were maintained. Photosynthesis pigments content was determined in green leaves. According to variation of photosynthesis pigments, Hordeum vulgare and Pisum sativum were the most sensitive to ozone and UV-B radiation, while Lycopersicon esculentum and Raphanus sativus appeared to be the most tolerant. Photosynthesis pigments system of various plant species differently responded to the effect of ozone and UV-B radiation and, hence, could be an indicator of adaptation to these unfavorable factors.

Published
2006

30. The Response of Photosynthetic Parameters of Triticum aestivum L. and Pisum sativum L. to Different Levels of Salinity Stress at Different Climate Conditions.

Author

Januškaitienė, Irena and Petraitytė, Skaistė

Subjects
WHEAT, PEAS, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, EFFECT of salt on plants, CLIMATE change
Abstract

Copyright of Environmental Research, Engineering & Management / Aplinkos Tyrimai, Inžinerija ir Vadyba is the property of Institute of Environmental Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2017
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31. The role of oxidative stress in spring barley cross-adaptation to different heavy metals.

Author

Kacienė, Giedrė, Juknys, Romualdas, and Januškaitienė, Irena

Subjects
BARLEY, PLANTS, OXIDATIVE stress, EFFECT of heavy metals on plants, PLANT enzymes, SUPEROXIDE dismutase
Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the possibilities and the mechanisms of spring barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) cross-adaptation to different heavy metals after hardening with ozone (O3), drought and UV-B radiation. Dry shoot biomass, accumulation of superoxide (O2˙−) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and activities of enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) were measured after hardening and heavy metal treatments. Seedlings, exposed to ozone and drought prior to copper (Cu) treatment, showed significantly increased tolerance to this heavy metal. The most possible causes of cross-adaptation to this redox-active heavy metal, which triggered very strong oxidative stress in nonhardened barley seedlings, were increased CAT activity, mitigation of O2˙−accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Cross-adaptation to cadmium (Cd) was induced only by drought hardening. In this case, however, adaptation had lower effect on antioxidative enzymes, did not altered O2˙−accumulation and even slightly increased the intensity of lipid peroxidation. The study reveals that stimulation of CAT activity and mitigation of oxidative stress are the main reasons for plant adaptation to Cu; whereas cross-adaptation to Cd, heavy metal with much lower oxidative capacity, is determined by the mechanisms that are not related to oxidative stress directly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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32. Possibilities of phytomonitoring to determine reaction of plant adaptivity to anthropogenic stress

Author

Brazaitytė, Aušra, Duchovskis, Pavelas, Januškaitienė, Irena, and Juknys, Romualdas

Subjects
Stresas (fiziologija)--Tyrimas, Tomatoes, Stress (physiology)--Testing, Augalai--Medžiagų apykaita, Pomidorai, Stiebai (botanika), Plants--Metabolism, Stems (botany)
Abstract

The aim of investigation was to determine the possibilities of phytomonitoring methodology and equipment to study reaction of plant adaptivity to anthropogenic stress according to indices of water uptake. Investigations were carried out in chambers of phytotron complex, LIH. It was used various solutions of nitric (HNO3) and sulphuric (H2SO4) acids and cadmium sulphate (3CdSO4 . H2O). The phytometric system LPS-03 (“PhyTech Ltd.”, Israel) was used for water exchange investigations on tomato. It was determined that it is possible to register even little effect of pollutants, prognosticate plants death and possibility of adaptivity using phytomonitoring methodology and equipment. Obtained data showed only slight effect of cadmium on processes of tomato water uptake. Solution of HNO3 – 0.06 M and H2SO4 – 0.08 M insignificantly decreased only sap flow rate. Solution of HNO3 – 0.12 M and H2SO4 - 0.15 M interfered water uptake shortly after effect, but tomato adapted to growth at such conditions approximately after three days. When to such solution was added cadmium sulphate, processes occurred similarly. Solution of HNO3 – 0.18 M and H2SO4 - 0.22 M without cadmium sulphate and with it affected plants deathly. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti fitomonitoringo metodologijos ir įrangos galimybes tiriant pomidorų adaptyvumo reakciją į antropogeninį stresą pagal vandens apykaitos rodiklius. Tyrimai atlikti fitotroninio komplekso kamerose, su įvairiais azoto (HNO3) ir sieros rūgščių (H2SO4) bei kadmio sulfato (3CdSO4 . H2O) tirpalais. Fitometrinė sistema LPS-03 (“PhyTech Ltd.”, Izraelis) naudota vandens apykaitos tyrimams pomidoruose. Nustatyta, kad taikant fitomonitoringo metodologiją ir įrangą, galima užfiksuoti ir mažą teršiančiųjų medžiagų poveikį, prognuozuoti augalų žūtį bei adaptyvumo galimybes. Nustatytas didelis kadmio poveikis pomidorų vandens apykaitos procesams. Mažiausiai rūgštus tirpalas nedaug susilpnino tik ksileminį vandens judėjimą. Vidutinio rūgštumo tirpalas staigiai sutrikdė vandens apykaitą, bet po trijų parų pomidorai prisitaikė augti tokiomis sąlygomis. Analogiški procesai vyko į tokį tirpalą pridėjus kadmio. Labai rūgštus tirpalas be kadmio ir su juo pražūtingai veikė augalus.

Published
2005

36. The Effect of Various Sapropel Concentrations on Content and Fluorescence of Photosynthetic Pigments of Bean.

Author

Klepeckas, Martynas and Januškaitienė, Irena

Subjects
SAPROPEL as fertilizer, BEANS, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, CHLOROPHYLL spectra, CAROTENOIDS, PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

Copyright of Environmental Research, Engineering & Management / Aplinkos Tyrimai, Inžinerija ir Vadyba is the property of Institute of Environmental Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2016
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38. Different Crop and Weed Performance under Single and Combined Effects of Elevated CO2and Temperature

Author

Kacienė, Giedrė, Dikšaitytė, Austra, Januškaitienė, Irena, Miškelytė, Diana, Žaltauskaitė, Jūratė, Sujetovienė, Gintarė, Sakalauskienė, Sandra, Miliauskienė, Jurga, Juozapaitienė, Gintarė, and Juknys, Romualdas

Abstract

The factors of global climate change specifically affect crop and weed performance. Peas (Pisum sativumL.), spring barley (Hordeum vulgareL.), and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensisL.) were exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2concentration ([CO2]) (1400 or 700 vs. 400 μmol mol−1) and air temperature (25/18 vs. 21/14°C, day/night) to study the single and combined effects on plant growth, photosynthetic performance, and carbohydrate metabolism. Significantly greater stimulation of the photosynthetic rate was determined at the corresponding growth CO2concentration (Agrowth), and water use efficiency (WUE) and biomass production were detected for crops than for weed exposed to elevated [CO2]. The possibilities to translocate total soluble sugars (TSS) and starch into roots are considerably higher for crop species, especially N2–fixing pea plants compared with wild mustard, while the accumulation of photosynthates in leaves of wild mustard led to higher photosynthetic downregulation and considerably lower stimulation of Agrowth. Moreover, an increase in WUE was completely eliminated at 4°C above ambient air temperature ([25/400]) in wild mustard grown under elevated [CO2], while crops still maintained slightly higher WUE. These findings suggest that investigated crop species, especially pea plants, have higher advantage than weed under rising [CO2], and this benefit is detected to be even higher under elevated [CO2] and temperature.

Published
2017
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39. Changes in the sensitivity of agricultural plants to the impact of ozone and UV-B radiation in simulated warmer climate conditions

Author

Juknys, Romualdas, primary, Duchovskis, Pavelas, primary, Sliesaravičius, Algirdas, primary, Šlepetys, Jonas, primary, Raklevičienė, Danguolė, primary, Januškaitienė, Irena, primary, Brazaitytė, Aušra, primary, Ramaškevičienė, Asta, primary, Lazauskas, Sigitas, primary, Rančelienė, Vida, primary, Dėdelienė, Kristina, primary, Sakalauskaitė, Jurga, primary, Juozaitytė, Rima, primary, Kadžiulienė, Žydrė, primary, Švegždienė, Danguolė, primary, Martinavičienė, Jurga, primary, and Urbonavičiūtė, Akvilė, primary

Published
2008
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40. Surplus Fertilization Effect on Photosynthetic Response of Pea to Cd Stress at Different Growth Stages.

Author

Januškaitienė, Irena and Dikšaitytė, Austra

Subjects
*PEAS, *PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *MICRONUTRIENTS, *PLANT fertilization, *CADMIUM content of plants
Abstract

Besides being involved in growth and development of plants, the essential macronutrients also affect stress tolerance. The aim of this study was to assess the surplus fertilization effect on photosynthetic parameters and the growth of Cd-treated pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants at different growth stages. Surplus fertilizer norm reduced the negative effect of cadmium on the photosynthetic system of pea at leaf development stage, while at lateral shoots stage their influence was rather different. Fertilization had the largest statistically significant effect on all the investigated parameters while the growth stage of plants was also a strong factor, changing cadmium and plant nutrient interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014

41. Dviejų vystymosi tarpsnių žirnių fotosintezės rodiklių atsakas į substrato rūgštumo ir UV-B spinduliuotės poveikį.

Author

Januškaitienė, Irena

Abstract

The aim of this work was to investigate the combined impact of substrate acidity (pH 4.8) and 1 and 3 kJ m-2 d-1 UV-B radiation on two growth stage pea (Pisum sativum L.) photosynthetic parameters. The investigated plants were sown in vegetative pots with prepared peat substrate. When the plants were at a leaf development stage (BBCH 14-16) and the stage of formation of lateral shoots (BBCH 21-23) the impact of substrate acidity and UV-B radiation was started. Photosynthetic parameters were measured with portable photosynthesis system LI-6400 and photosynthetic pigments were analyzed in acetone extract using a spectrophotometer on the last (5th) day of the experiments. UV-B radiation effect on the investigated indicators of BBCH 14-16 stage peas were stronger than on BBCH 21-23 stage, when the average decrease of all investigated indicators was 34.2% compared with the control plants. Meanwhile, the decrease of BBCH 21-23 stage was 21.8%, and the effect of the growth stage, as a factor, was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Substrate acidity had higher (38%) negative effect on BBCH stage 21-23 peas, but the effect of growth stage was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). The combined UV-B radiation and substrate acidity affect the parameters of BBCH stage 14-16 peas decreased by 46.9%, and those of BBCH 21-23 peas slightly more - by 50.9%, but the growth stage, as a factor, was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). The combined UV-B radiation and substrate acidity effect resulted in higher losses on peas than single ones, and higher losses (p > 0.05) were detected for BBCH 14-16 stage peas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015

42. Kadmio poveikis skirtingo vystymosi tarpsnio sėjamojo Žirnio (Pisum sativum L.) fotosintezei ir augimui.

Author

Januškaitienė, Irena and Dikšaitytė, Austra

Subjects
*CADMIUM, *PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *PEAS, *PLANT growing media, *GERMINATION
Abstract

The aim of this work is to investigate the impact of heavy metal cadmium on photosynthesis rate and growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants at different development stages. Peas were sown in vegetative pots with prepared peat substrate (6.0-6.5 pH). Ten (leaf development stage) and seventeen (formation of lateral shoots stage) days after germination the plants were exposed to different cadmium concentration. Investigated 1 and 6 mM concentrations decreased photosynthesis rate of pea leaf development stage 11.5 % (p > 0.05) and 29.5 % (p < 0.05), and lateral shoots formation stage - 8.2 (p > 0.05) and 30.7 % (p < 0.05), respectively. When cadmium impact was strong (6 mM), dry overground biomass of leaf development stage of pea plants was nearly 2 times smaller than this during formation of lateral shoots as compared to reference treatment. Pea plants of leaf development stage were more sensitive to different cadmium impact intensity than these during formation of lateral shoots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009

47. A manifold response of forage rape to combined heat wave and drought under current and elevated CO2.

Author

Kacienė, Giedrė, Miškelytė, Diana, Dikšaitytė, Austra, Januškaitienė, Irena, Sujetovienė, Gintarė, Žaltauskaitė, Jūratė, Praspaliauskas, Marius, and Juknys, Romualdas

Subjects
*HEAT waves (Meteorology), *RAPE, *DROUGHTS, *DROUGHT management, *TERMINATION of treatment, *AGRICULTURAL climatology, *FORAGE plants
Abstract

Intensity and frequency of heat waves (HW) accompanied by drought are increasing, however, still little is known about its effect on forage plants. A pot experiment was carried out in growth chambers in order to elucidate the multiple response of forage rape to combined HW and drought (HD) under current and elevated CO2 (HD + CO2). Forage rape was proved to be relatively HD‐resistant plant, with no significant and long‐term effects on shoot growth and photosynthetic performance, and effective stimulation of antioxidative system, especially in the case of HD + CO2 exposure. Activities of enzymes of ascorbate–glutathione cycle were further stimulated by elevated CO2 even after the termination of HD treatment. Nutritive value of forage rape was also positively affected, as was shown by elevated content of water‐soluble carbohydrates after exposure and starch after the period of recovery (up to 80% and 92%, respectively). Concentrations of most macro‐ and microelements were increased, and stabilized higher or equalized to control level after the period of recovery in a similar pattern for HD and HD + CO2 exposure. However, content of Ca was reduced and remained significantly lower (~20%). One of the most important negative and lagged HD effects was reduction of dry root biomass (~30%), most possibly induced by accumulation of non‐structural carbohydrates in shoot and was not mitigated by elevated CO2. To conclude, forage rape was proved to be a promising forage crop for the future climate with increased frequency of HWs; however, a special attention should be paid to the lagged effects, such as inhibition of root growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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48. The impact of supplemental blue and green LED and HPS lamps lighting effects on the photosynthesis parameters of sweet pepper transplants.

Author

Bagdonavičienė, Aistė, Jankauskienė, Julė, Čeidaitė, Alina, Januškaitienė, Irena, Duchovskis, Pavelas, and Brazaitytė, Aušra

Subjects
*PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *BLUE light emitting diodes, *SWEET peppers, *GREENHOUSES, *EFFECT of light on plants, *PLANTS in winter
Abstract

The objective of studies was to compare the photosynthesis parameters of sweet pepper transplants under the emission of short-wavelength single-monochromatic solid-state lamps developed for supplementation of high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps used in winter time in greenhouses. Four types of solid-state lamps were made using advanced light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with peak emissions at blue 455, 470, cyan 505 and green 530 nm, and were installed in a greenhouse. The generated photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of each type of solid-state lamps was 15 µmol m-2 s-1 and of HPS lamps PPFD it was 100 µmol m-2 s-1. The transplants of sweet pepper cultivar 'Reda' were grown in a greenhouse of phytotron complex under the illumination of HPS lamps and with supplementation of LED lamps. The reference transplants were grown under the illumination of HPS lamps (PPFD 110 µmol m-2 s-1). During transplant cultivation the photoperiod was maintained at 16 h, the day/night temperature was 19-23/15-18 °C. The measurements of photosynthetic pigments and photosynthesis parameters were performed at the end of the experiment. Our investigations revealed that the effect of supplemental green 530 nm LED illumination with high pressure sodium lamps increased photosynthetic pigment content of sweet pepper transplants. Meanwhile, supplemental 530 nm light had a negative effect on photosynthetic rates (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tn) and stomatal conductance (gs). Supplemental cyan 505 nm and blue 470 nm LED light had great positive effect on the photosynthesis parameters of the sweet pepper transplants in winter time in greenhouses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015

49. Pavienis ir kompleksinis UV-B spinduliuotės ir rūgštaus substrato poveikis skirtingo vystymosi tarpsnio sėjamajam žirniui (Pisum sativum L.)

Author

Mikelionytė, Jurgita, Januškaitienė, Irena, Venclovienė, Jonė, and Vytautas Magnus University

Subjects
Rūgštus substratas, Sėjamasis žirnis, Pea plants, Ecology and Environmental Studies, Development stages, Vystymosi tarpsnis, Acid substrate, UV-B spinduliuotė, UV-B radiation
Abstract

Ultravioletinės B spinduliuotės intensyvumo didėjimas ir rūgštėjantys dirvožemiai veikia daugelį augalų fiziologinių ir morfologinių procesų. Yra nemažai atliktų tyrimų apie pavienį šių veiksnių poveikį, tačiau kompleksinis UV-B spinduliuotės ir rūgštaus substrato poveikis augalams kol kas tyrinėtas mažai. Tyrimų tikslas – ištirti pavienį bei kompleksinį 1 ir 3 kJ m-2 d-1 UV–B spinduliuotės dozių ir rūgštaus substrato (pH 4,8) poveikį skirtingų vystymosi tarpsnių sėjamiesiems žirniams (Pisum sativum L.). Tyrimai vykdyti dviem etapais: pirmame etape tirtas pavienis UV-B spinduliuotės ir rūgštaus substrato poveikis sėjamiesiems žirniams priklausomai nuo vystymosi tarpsnio; antrame - kompleksinis UV-B spinduliuotės ir rūgštaus substrato poveikis augalams priklausomai nuo vystymosi tarpsnio. Žirniai pasėti į vegetacinius indus su paruoštu neutralaus rūgštumo durpių substratu, o praėjus 10 ir 17 dienų po sudygimo, t.y. lapų vystymosi (BBCH 14-16) ir šoninių ūglių formavimosi (BBCH 21-23) tarpsniais, veikti pasirinktais stresoriais. Penktą poveikio dieną išmatuoti fiziologiniai ir morfologiniai rodikliai: fotosintezės intensyvumas, vandens naudojimo efektyvumas, pigmentų kiekis, žalioji bei sausoji augalų biomasė ir kt. Nustatyta, jog 1 ir 3 kJ m-2 d-1 UV–B spinduliuotė neigiamai veikė tiek fiziologinius, tiek morfologinius sėjamųjų žirnių rodiklius. Lapų vystymosi (BBCH 14-16) tarpsnio žirniai buvo mažiau atsparūs UV-B poveikiui negu šoninių ūglių formavimosi (BBCH 21-23)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] UV-B radiation and acidic soils could pose many direct and indirect effects on plants including the alteration in transpiration and photosynthesis, and the change in growth, development and morphology. The single impact of UV-B radiation and acid substrate on plants has been studied by several research groups. However, integrated UV-B radiation and substrate acidity impact on plants are still little studied. The aim of the study was to investigate the single and integrated 1 and 3 kJ m-2 d-1 UV-B radiation and substrate acidity (pH 4,8) impact on different development stages pea plants (Pisum sativum L.). Researches were performed in two stages: in the first stage the single UV-B radiation and acid substrate effect on sown pea plants was analysed depending on the development stage. In the second stage the integrated UV-B radiation and acid substrate effect on sown pea plants was analysed depending on the development stage. Peas were sown in vegetative pots with prepared a neutral acidity peat substrate. 10 and 17 days after germination, i.e. at leaf development (BBCH 14-16) stage and lateral shoot formation (BBCH 21-23) stage pea plants were exposed to different stressors. On the fifth day of effect the physiological and morphological indices were measured: photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, fresh and dry biomass, and others. Investigated that 1 and 3 kJ m-2 d-1 UV-B doses had negative affects on both, physiological and... [to full text]

Published
2010

50. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON SPINACIA OLERACEA L. SUBJECTED TO SUBSTRATE MOISTURE AND UV-B RADIATION.

Author

BRAZAITYTĖ, Aušra, SAKALAUSKIENĖ, Sandra, JAUREGUI, Ivan, JUKNYS, Romualdas, JANUŠKAITIENĖ, Irena, SIRTAUTAS, Ramūnas, MILIAUSKIENĖ, Jurga, and DUCHOVSKIS, Pavelas

Subjects
*SPINACH, *VITAMIN C, *CHLOROPHYLL, *CAROTENOIDS, *PHENOLS
Abstract

The influence of substrate moisture and different dosages of UV-B radiation on spinach antioxidant phytochemical constituents was studied. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) cv. 'Andromeda H' and 'Matador' were the objects of this study. Experiment was conducted in closed growth chambers of controlled environment at the Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. Plants were placed in different growth chambers at 18/13°C day/night temperature and 12 h photoperiod. High-pressure sodium lamps (SON-T Agro, Philips) were used for illumination (150 µmol m-2 s-1). Spinacia oleracea plants after 21 days for germination were grown in normal (~40%) and drought (<10%) substrate. After 7 days substrate moisture influence plants were exposed to 0 kJm-2 day-1, 1 kJm-2 day-1 and 2 kJm-2 day-1, UV-B for 1 day. Analyses were made after 8-days of substrate moisture and UV-B radiation exposure. UV-B radiation (290-320 nm) was provided by UV-B fluorescent tubes (TL 40W/12 RS UV-B Medical, Philips). Different combinations of investigated factors had a significant influence on changes of spinach physiological indices. The lack of substrate moisture reduced the leaf area, fresh and dry biomass accumulation in the investigated species spinach, but under drought conditions increased accumulation of chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids. Spinaches of both species exposed to drought conditions and UV-B radiation have accumulated a larger amount of phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid, depended on their species and UV-B dose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015

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