Search

Hyptis piranii, an endemic species from campos rupestres of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, was described as a member of H. sect. Polydesmia subsect. Oocephalus. After a number of sections and subsections of Hyptis had been raised to generic rank, this species became a member of the genus Oocephalus. Recent morphological analyses showed that, actually, the species is better treated as a member of Hyptis sect. Eriosphaeria. We provide a description of Hyptis piranii, as well as comments on its morphology and a plate showing key morphological features.

Oocephalus foliosus was described in the first half of 19th century, based on a collection from central Goiás state, Brazil, being collected again only three times in surrounding areas. Although this species seems to be rare and endemic to a narrow area, it has never been listed on any threatened list or had its conservation status assessed. Recently, we recorded a small population of O. foliosus in the Pireneus peak, an area of campo rupestre located in the municipality of Pirenópolis, Goiás, allowing us to improve the species description, assess its extinction risk and comment on its taxonomy. Also, a second step lectotypification was needed to the species and is here proposed.

Hyptis piranii Harley (1992: 575) ��� Oocephalus piranii (Harley) Harley & J.F.B.Pastore (2012: 35). (Figure 1). Type:��� BRAZIL. Minas Gerais, Gr��o-Mogol: Descida do Morro Papo da Ema, para Jambeiro, Pirani, J.R. et al. CFCR 13069 (holotype: SPF00069476!; isotypes: K000488440!, MBM243817!, NY00857813!). Non-viscid shrub, ca. 1.5 m tall, branched on the upper portion, radicular system not observed. Branches velutinous, densely covered with short, white and appressed hairs. Leaves opposite, decussate, slightly imbricate in the upper portion, petiolate, the petiole 2.7���5.0 mm long, leaf blade 0.7���1.8 �� 0.4���0.9 cm, flabelliform to obovate or obdeltate, margin entire, becoming crenate towards apex, coriaceous, craspedodromous venation, prominent below, adaxial surface green, tomentose, densely covered with short white hairs; abaxial surface paler, indumentum as on the adaxial surface, apex rounded to rarely retuse, base cuneate. Inflorescence thyrsoid, composed of pedunculate appressed capitula, hidden in the axil of leaf-like bracts, peduncle 2.0��� 2.5 mm long, capitula hemispherical, 0.9���1.2 �� 0.7���1.2 cm long, 4���3-flowered, bracteoles forming an involucre at the base of the cyme, green, 2.5 �� 1.0 mm, oblong to elliptic, concave, outer surface tomentose, densely covered with short white hairs, inner surface glabrous. Flower sessile; calyx at anthesis pale green, 5.3���5.5 �� 2.0��� 2.2 mm long, tubular, membranous, outer surface tomentose, densely covered with short white hairs and long hairs concentrated at the base, glabrous within except for the short white hairs between the lobes, tube 4.0 mm long, lobes 1.3���1.5 mm long, deltate, membranous, tomentose, densely covered with white short hairs; fruiting calyx pale brown, 4.8���5.1 mm long, tubular, slightly coriaceous, outer surface tomentose, densely covered with short white hairs, glabrous within except for a ring of short white hairs between the lobe, tube 3.8���4.0 mm long, lobes 1.0��� 1.1 mm long, triangular, slightly coriaceous, densely covered with white short hairs; corolla lilac, tube 8.0��� 8.2 mm long, 1.1���1.2 mm diam. near the base, 1.8���2.0 mm diam. near the throat, outer surface slightly tomentose, covered with short white hairs, glabrous within except for a ring of white short hairs near the base, lobes 1.0 mm long, apex rounded; stamens with filaments glabrous at distal portion, densely hairy at the base, anthers brown; gynoecium glabrous, stigma lobes shortly bilobed, style ca. 9.5 mm long, stylopodium present, overtopping the ovary by ca 1.0 mm. Nutlets brown, 1.1���2.0 �� 1.0 mm, ovate, glabrous, sometimes apically toothed, not mucilaginous when wet. Specimens examined:��� BRAZIL. Minas Gerais, Munic��pio: Botumirim, contrafortes orientais da Serra da Canastra, trilha do Cruzeiro a partir do posto de gasolina at�� o alto da serra nas nascentes do c��rrego S��o Domingos. 29 September. 1997, Mello-Silva, R. et al. 1472 (HUEFS, K, SPF); Munic��pio: Gr��o Mogol, Descida do Morro do Papo da Ema, 15 June 1990, Pirani, J.R. et al. CFCR 13069 (HUEFS, K, MBM, MO, NY, SP, SPF); Jambeiro, a 7 km de Gr��o Mogol, 5 Sep. 1987, Zappi, D.C. et al. CFCR 8542 (K, SPF); Trilha dos Garimpeiros, 14 June 1990, Hatschbach, G. et al. 54301 (FLOR, K, MBM, MO, NY); Munic��pio: Itacambira, Estrada Juramento-Itacambira, ca. 9 km de Itacambira, 3 February 2018, Antar, G.M. et al. 2068 (HUEFS, SPF); ibid, Antar, G.M. et al. 2078 (SPF). Morphological evidence of Hyptis piranii generic position��� Hyptis piranii was described by Harley (1992), based on the material collected by Pirani et al. (CFCR 13069) in the southern portion of Espinha��o Range, Minas Gerais state. Due the tomentose indumentum, composed of short and appressed white hairs, giving a silvery tonality, and the inflorescence born in the axil of leaf-like bracts, at first sight, H. piranii resembles two other species, Oocephalus argyrophyllus (Harley 1985: 614) Harley & Pastore (2012: 33) (��� H. argyrophylla Harley) and O. halimifolius (Martius ex Bentham 1883: 94) Harley & Pastore (2012: 34) (��� H. halimifolia Mart. ex Benth.), both occurring in the Northern portion of the Espinha��o Range, Bahia state. These combined features led Harley (1992) to accommodate H. piranii in sect. Polydesmia subsect. Oocephalus, along with five other species, including the two mentioned above. With the taxonomic combination proposed by Harley & Pastore (2012), H. piranii was placed in Oocephalus, as O. piranii. However, the inflorescence morphology, which is the main feature to distinguish Hyptidinae genera, in H. piranii is quite different from the species belonging to Oocephalus. While Oocephalus members have a thyrsoid structure composed of pedunculate or sessile, �� ovoid, bracteolate cluster of congested cyme and flowers with a long corolla tube and short lobes, these are never blotched or marked with any lines, Hyptis species are characterized by having cymose hemispherical capitula, or often spherical, with an involucre of a number of bracteoles, sometimes forming complex synflorescences, flowers usually small with posterior lobes often blotched or marked. Additionally, morphological analysis of H. piranii revealed the presence of a stylopodium (Figure 1B), which is the basal part of the style that persists jointed to the ovary apex after the fall of the distal portion, a feature absent in Oocephalus species (Harley 2014; Soares et al. 2021). This morphological character has an important role in the taxonomy of Hyptidinae, as pointed out by Harley (1988), who used it as a diagnostic character for members of Eriope Humboldt & Bonpland ex Bentham (1833: 142), Hypenia (Martius ex Bentham 1833: 136) Harley (1988: 91), Hyptidendron Harley (1986: 90) and some sections of Hyptis. Sectional classification��� Of the currently recognized sections of Hyptis, sect. Apodotes Benth., sect. Eriosphaeria Benth., sect. Induratae Epling, sect. Pachyphyllae Harley and sect. Xylodontes Benth. possess a stylopodium. Members of sect. Apodotes has its flowers arranged in a hemispherical capitula, which could be sessile and forming a spike, as in Hyptis nudicaulis Bentham (1833: 79), or pedunculate, and calyx with subulate or lanceolate lobes with a deep sinus between the two anterior ones. In sect. Xylodontes, the indumentum of the capitula is slightly hirsute, calyx lobes are also lanceolate or subulate, and the bracteoles are somewhat larger. Morphologically, Hyptis piranii does not matches with neither of these two sections. In the most recent Hyptidinae phylogeny (Pastore et al. 2021), molecular data supports that sect. Pachyphyllae should revert to subsectional rank along with sect. Induratae within sect. Eriosphaeria, where H. piranii apparently belongs, corroborated by the anatomical results shown by Rudall (1980), that suggest a close relationship between the first two groups. Species from sect. Eriosphaeria are herbs, shrubs or subshrubs densely covered with long or short hairs, flowers usually arranged in a hemispherical, short pedunculate capitulum with an involucre of narrowly lanceolate bracteoles and the gynoecium with a well-developed stylopodium (Harley 1986; Harley & Antar 2019). Although H. piranii has characters that place it in sect. Eriosphaeria, it still unclear into which subsection it would be best accommodated this species, even though it shares some similar characters with the species of subsect. Passerinae, such as leaf indumentum slender and appressed, bracteoles oblong, densely covered with short hairs and usually smaller than the calyx (Epling 1949; Harley & Pastore 2010). Despite this, the inflorescence of H. piranii is quite different from those species of subsect. Passerinae [e.g. Hyptis gardneri Briquet (1898: 230) and Hyptis kramerioides Harley & Pastore (2010: 59)], which have inflorescence composed of pedunculate or sessile, subspherical capitulum surrounded by an involucre of bracteoles. In H. piranii, the inflorescence anomalous, being reduced to three flowers, appressed dorsiventrally and hidden by the leaf-like bracts and bracteoles not forming an involucre. A phylogenetic approach focusing on Hyptis sect. Eriosphaeria is needed and could indicate the right position of this species within it., Published as part of Soares, Arthur De Souza, Harley, Raymond Mervyn, Pastore, Jos�� Floriano Bar��a & Jardim, Jomar Gomes, 2022, There and back again: Oocephalus piranii is better treated as Hyptis (Hyptidinae, Lamiaceae), pp. 183-187 in Phytotaxa 532 (2) on pages 184-186, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.532.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5912658, {"references":["Harley, R. M. (1992) New Taxa of Labiatae from the Pico das Almas and the Chapada Diamantina. Kew Bulletin 47: 553 - 580. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4110695","Harley, R. M. (1985) New Taxa in Hyptis sect. Polydesmia Benth. from Bahia, Brazil: Notes on New World Labiatae: VI. Kew Bulletin 40: 609 - 625. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4109621","Harley, R. M. & Pastore, J. F. B. (2012) A generic revision and new combinations in the Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae), based on molecular and morphological evidence. Phytotaxa 58: 1 - 55. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 58.1.1","Harley, R. M. (2014) Four new taxa of Oocephalus (Hyptidinae: Lamiaceae) from Bahia, Brazil. Kew Bulletin 69: 9539. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12225 - 014 - 9539 - 4","Harley, R. M. (1988) Revision of generic limits in Hyptis Jacq. (Labiatae) and its allies. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Soci ety 98: 87 - 95. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1988. tb 01697. x","Bentham, G. (1833) Labiatarum genera et species. Ridgeway & Sons, London, pp. 62 - 145.","Harley, R. M. (1986) Notes on New world Labiatae IX. Hyptis sect. Pachyphyllae in Brazil. Kew Bulletin 41: 995 - 1005. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4102997","Pastore, J. F. B., Antar, G. M., Soares, A. S., Forest, F. & Harley, R. M. (2021) A new and expanded phylogenetic analyses of Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae). Systematic Botany 46: 1086 - 1094. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364421 X 16370109698542","Rudall, P. (1980) Leaf anatomy of subtribe Hyptidinae (Labiatae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 80: 319 - 340. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1980. tb 01667. x","Harley, R. M. & Antar, G. M. (2019) Hyptis pastorei, an unusual new species of Hyptis sect. Eriosphaeria (Lamiaceae: Hyptidinae) from the Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goias, Brazil. Kew Bulletin 74: 32. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12225 - 019 - 9825 - 2","Epling, C. (1949) Revision del genero Hyptis (Labiatae). Revista Museu de. La Plata, Seccion. Botanica 7: 153 - 497.","Harley, R. M. & Pastore, J. F. B. (2010) Hyptis kramerioides (Lamiaceae), a new species from central Brazil with notes on subsect. Passerinae. Kew Bulletin 65: 59 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12225 - 010 - 9186 - 3","Briquet, J. (1898) Fragmenta monographiae Labiatarum V. Observations sur quelques labiees interessantes ou nouvelles principalment de l'Herbier Delessert. Annuaire du Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Geneve 2: 102 - 251."]}

A xylotheque is a scientific collection of identified woods with collection data available representative of the biological diversity. It is a reference tool for studies and research in the botanical and technological area, both for wood producers and traders, also aiming at comparison and identification of new samples of wood. The xylotheque described hereafter is associated with the herbarium of the Cocoa Research Center, which is currently one of the largest in the Northeast region and holds the most important collection of plant specimens of the Atlantic Forest of Southern Bahia and Northern Espírito Santo. The aim of this study is to give visibility to the information available in the xylotheque. With the increase of the visibility of the xylotheque to a wider audience – researchers and public in general –, we expected to give value to information on the patrimony of the vegetal species of the south of Bahia, safeguarding data of important relevance for the understanding of the forest diversity of the region. Xiloteca es una colección científica de maderas identificadas y con datos de recolección disponibles, testigo de la diversidad biológica. Es una herramienta de referencia para estudios e investigaciones en el área botánica y tecnológica, tanto para productores como para comerciantes de madera, lo que permite la comparación e identificación de nuevas muestras de madera. La xiloteca descrita a continuación está asociada con el herbario del Centro de Investigación del Cacao, que actualmente es uno de los más grandes de la región noreste y posee la colección más importante de especímenes de plantas que representan el Bosque Atlántico del sur de Bahía y el norte de Espírito Santo. El objetivo del estúdio es dar visibilidad a la información presente en la xiloteca. Con um aumento en la visibilidad de la xiloteca para um público más amplio – investigadores y interessados en general –, esperamos mejorar la información que constituye el patrimonio de las especies vegetales en el sur de Bahía, preservando así datos de gran relevancia para la comprensión de la diversidad forestal de la región. Une xylothèque est une collection scientifique des bois identifiés avec des données de collecte disponibles, où la diversité biologique est représentée. C'est un outil de référence pour les études et les recherches dans les domaines botanique et technologique, à la fois pour les producteurs et les négociants en bois, et qui permet aussi la comparaison et l'identification de nouveaux échantillons de bois. La xylothèque en question est associée à l'herbier du Centre de recherches sur le Cacao, qui est actuellement l'un des plus importants du Nord-Est brésilien, et abrite la plus importante collection de spécimens de plantes représentatives de la forêt atlantique du sud de Bahia et du nord de Espírito Santo. L'objectif de cette étude est de donner une plus grande visibilité aux informations présentes dans cette xylothèque. Avec l’augmentation de la visibilité de la xylothèque auprès d’un plus large public – des chercheurs et des personnes intéressées en général –, on prévoit valoriser les informations sur le patrimoine des espèces végétales du sud de Bahia, en préservant ainsi des données d’une grande importance pour la compréhension de la diversité forestière de la région. Xiloteca é uma coleção científica de madeiras identificadas com dados de coleta disponíveis e que é representativa da diversidade biológica. É um referencial para estudos e pesquisas na área botânica e tecnológica, tanto para produtores, como para comerciantes de madeira, servindo também para comparação e identificação de novas amostras de madeira. A xiloteca em estudo está associada ao herbário do Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, que atualmente é um dos maiores da região nordeste e conserva a mais importante coleção de espécimes vegetais representantes da Mata Atlântica do sul baiano e norte do Espírito Santo. O objetivo desse estudo é dar visibilidade às informações presentes nessa xiloteca. Com o aumento da visibilidade da xiloteca para uma maior audiência – pesquisadores e público em geral –, espera-se valorizar informações sobre o patrimônio das espécies vegetais do sul da Bahia, resguardando dados de importante relevância para a compreensão da diversidade florestal da região.

Physeterostemon gomesii Amorim & R.Goldenb., sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2, 3) Diagnosis: ������This species differs from all other species in the genus by its 5-merous flowers, 10 stamens, and 3-locular ovary, as all the other taxa have 6-merous flowers, 12 stamens, and 4-locular ovaries. It differs from Physeterostemon fiaschii in terms of the latter���s fascicled inflorescences covered with trichomes ca. 5 mm long and calyx with outer lobes 4���5.4 mm long. It differs from P. jardimii by its habit (rhizomatous subshrubs) and indumentum (strigose but also glandulose-setose in the former), as well as by the ovary apex (setose in P. jardimii). It differs from P. thomasii in terms of its rhizomatous habit by having young stems and petioles covered with paleaceous trichomes and strongly bullate/foveolate leaves. Type: ������ BRAZIL. Bahia: Boa Nova, Parque Nacional de Boa Nova, Fazenda Liberdade, Regi��o da Farofa, BR 030 entre o trecho Boa Nova ao Distrito de Valentim, ca. 5 km de Boa Nova, 14��21���25������S 40��12���46������W, 7 February 2013, fl., fr., A. M . Amorim, 8170, L. H . Daneu & L. C. J . Gomes (holotype CEPEC!, isotypes HURB!, K!, NY!, RB!, UPCB!). Shrub40���130(���140)cm tall. Young stems terete,densely strigose, trichomes 1.2���2 mm long, pale green and canescent to ochraceous when dried, appressed, mixed with short (0.1���0.2 mm) glandular projections that are denser in the nodal regions. Leaves opposite, each pair being slightly anisophyllous to isophyllous, petiole 2���4.8 cm long, trichomes the same as on the branches, leaf blade (3.7���)15.2���22.5 �� 5.1���11.3 cm, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, base acute, apex acuminate to cuspidate, margins irregularly dentate to serrate, ciliate, 3-nerved to shortly 3-plinerved (the inner pair joining the midrib up to 5 mm above the base) with a faint additional submarginal pair, adaxially plane (not bullate), sparsely strigose, trichomes 0.3���0.6 mm long, appressed or with an erect base and strongly curved downward, abaxially plane (not foveolate), moderately strigose (denser on the main nerves), trichomes 0.3���0.6 mm long, erect and curved at the apex, otherwise similar to those on the abaxial surface, mixed with short glandular projections 0.1���0.2 mm long. Inflorescence terminal, corymbose, with 15���45 flowers, 2.6���3.5 �� 2.4���4.5 cm, pale green, with trichomes similar to those on young stems; bracts 2.2���2.5 �� 0.7���0.9 mm, narrowly triangular, apex acute, glabrous, margin strongly ciliate; bracteoles 1.3���2.2 �� 0.3���0.6 mm, narrowly triangular, glabrous, margin strongly ciliate. Flowers 5- merous, pedicels 2���2.6 mm long (up to 4 mm long on the fruits). Hypanthium ca. 2.7 �� 2.6���2.7 mm, campanulate, outer surface densely strigose, trichomes ca. 1 mm long, pale green and ochraceous when dried, inner surface and the torus glabrous. Calyx persistent, abaxially strigose, adaxial surface with sparse, short, glandular projections ca. 0.2 mm long; tube 0.3���0.7 mm long; inner lobes 1.2���1.8 mm long, triangular, apex rounded, margin irregular, shortciliate; outer lobes 1.4���1.7 mm long, subulate, setose-tipped. Petals 4.5���4.7 �� 3.4���3.6 mm, white, glabrous on both surfaces, obovate, apex truncate to slightly emarginate, margin entire. Stamens 10, isomorphic, grouped together in a cluster on one side of the flower at anthesis; filaments 2.4���2.9 mm long; connective unappendaged, dorsally thickened; anthers 1.7���2 mm long, yellow, oblong, with a rounded apex in ventral view, straight (not slightly projecting backwards over the connective) in lateral view, with a single ventral pore, anthers ventro-basally with two short lobes below the filament insertion. Ovary half-inferior, the free portion 0.8���1 mm long, 3-locular, apex glabrous; ovules many on the large, globose, axial placentae; style curved, stigma punctiform. Capsules 2.9���3.6 �� 3.2���3.5 mm, tearing longitudinally, with pericarp and adnate hypanthium persistent, placentae thick, perpendicular to the ovary axis, persistent. Seeds ca. 0.5 mm long, cuneate, testa smooth. Distribution, habitat, and phenology: ������This species has been collected three times in the same locality in southern Bahia State (Fig. 1). It grows in advanced secondary moist forests, in shaded areas. It has been collected with flowers in January and February and with fruits from the previous season also in February. Conservation status: ��� Physeterostemon gomesii is currently known from only one population (although with many individuals) in the Boa Nova National Park. Habitat fragmentation and the small number of known populations represent high risks for the species. By IUCN (2014) criteria, this species is considered to be Critically Endangered (categories B1a and B1b) as its distribution range is less than 100 km 2, with continually declining habitat quality. Etymology: ������The new species is named after Lu��s Carlos de Jesus Gomes, from the CEPEC Herbarium in light of his important technical support for the collections and fieldwork (especially with Melastomataceae), and also one of the collectors of the type specimen. Additional specimens examined (paratypes):��� BRAZIL. Bahia: Boa Nova, Parque Nacional de Boa Nova, Setor Sul, Ramal para a Fazenda Liberdade, Setor da Farofa, 14��24���45������ S, 40��07���46��� W, 917m elev., 7 January 2013, fl., L. Y. S . Aona, 1988, G. M. Costa, W. O. Fonseca, J. G. Jardim & S . Sim��es (CEPEC, HURB, K); ib., 850m elev., 22 February 2014, fl. fr., R . Goldenberg 1784, F . Michelangeli, L. H . Daneu & L. C. J . Gomes (CEPEC, NY, UPCB, RB)., Published as part of Amorim, Andr�� M��rcio, Jardim, Jomar Gomes & Goldenberg, Renato, 2014, Physeterostemon gomesii (Melastomataceae): the fourth species of this endemic genus in Bahia, Brazil, pp. 45-50 in Phytotaxa 175 (1) on pages 45-49, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.175.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5143682, {"references":["IUCN (2014) Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, version 10.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / (accessed: 23 May 2014)."]}

The Rubiaceae is the fourth Angiosperm family in number of species in the World and in the Neotropics. Its overwhelming diversity and presence in most biomes, and at most vegetation layers, makes this family one of the most important components of tropical vegetation. During the last two decades, family classification went through several reorganizations, mostly influenced by the advent of molecular phylogenetic studies, and many taxonomic revisions and floristic studies on Brazilian Rubiaceae have become available. In view of the considerable amount of literature that has recently been produced on Neotropical Rubiaceae, the present work has two main objectives: the first is to offer an overall view of the most recent family classification with emphasis on the genera of Rubiaceae occurring in Brazil, and to indicate particular taxa that are still in need of phylogenetic and taxonomic studies; the second objective is to present a short discussion on the state of floristic and taxonomic knowledge with respect to the various regions of Brazil, indicating the taxa and the geographic areas that need to be studied. Rubiaceae é a quarta família em número de espécies entre as Angiospermas no Mundo e no Neotrópico. A grande diversidade de espécies com representantes na maioria dos bioma, ocupando os diferentes estratos vegetacionais, fazem desta família um dos mais importantes componente da vegetação tropical. Durante as duas últimas décadas a classificação da família sofreu várias reorganizações, principalmente pela influência de estudos filogenéticos moleculares, e muitos estudos florísticos e revisões taxonômicas foram recentemente produzidos sobre Rubiaceae Neotropicais. Considerando a grande quantidade de literatura que foi recentemente produzida sobre estes assuntos, o presente trabalho tem dois objetivos principais: o primeiro é fornecer uma visão geral sobre a mais recente classificação da família com ênfase nos gêneros de Rubiaceae que ocorrem no Brasil, indicando os táxons que necessitam de estudos filogenéticos e taxonômicos; o segundo, é apresentar uma breve discussão sobre o estado de conhecimento florístico e taxonômico nas várias regiões do Brasil, indicando os táxons e as áreas geográficas que precisam de mais estudos.