Search

Your search keyword '"Jason Andrews"' showing total 49 results
Start Over Author "Jason Andrews"

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »
49 results on '"Jason Andrews"'

1. Service Learning, Cultural Humility, and Language Instruction: Being in Community

Author

Katie Crossman, Jason Andrews, Iftu Hargaaya, and Rida Abboud

Subjects
service learning, intercultural communication, cultural humility, co-design, settlement and integration, Education (General), L7-991, English language, PE1-3729
Abstract

To address linguistic, social, and settlement needs among professional and highly educated newcomer language learners in Canada, a Service Learning program was established at an urban community college. It incorporated field-specific language instruction, cultural humility and intercultural communication training, and meaningful Service Learning placements with local organizations. Using a participatory action research approach, co-design, and developmental evaluation, a case study of the course’s development, delivery, and short-term impacts was conducted. This paper highlights key findings from that case study. Data were collected from surveys, focus groups, and reflections over the course of two pilot offerings with 27 learners. Using an inductive approach to qualitative data analysis, broad themes were identified. In this paper, the findings are grouped into four main themes: language development, settlement needs, cultural humility, and personal transformation. To conclude, barriers, facilitators, and recommendations are discussed with the goal of highlighting the challenges and celebrations of Service Learning for newcomer language learners.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Corrigendum: Genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from an indigenous reserve in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Author

Laís Albuquerque de Oliveira, Izabela Mauricio de Rezende, Vinicius João Navarini, Silvana Beutinger Marchioro, Alex José Leite Torres, Julio Croda, Mariana Garcia Croda, Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymone Gonçalves, Joilson Xavier, Emerson de Castro, Mauricio Lima, Felipe Iani, Talita Adelino, Flávia Aburjaile, Luiz Henrique Ferraz Demarchi, Deborah Ledesma Taira, Marina Castilhos Souza Umaki Zardin, Vagner Fonseca, Marta Giovanetti, Jason Andrews, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, and Simone Simionatto

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, indigenous population, VoI, VOC, pandemic, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from an indigenous reserve in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Author

Laís Albuquerque de Oliveira, Izabela Mauricio de Rezende, Vinicius João Navarini, Silvana Beutinger Marchioro, Alex José Leite Torres, Julio Croda, Mariana Garcia Croda, Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymone Gonçalves, Joilson Xavier, Emerson de Castro, Mauricio Lima, Felipe Iani, Talita Adelino, Flávia Aburjaile, Luiz Henrique Ferraz Demarchi, Deborah Ledesma Taira, Marina Castilhos Souza Umaki Zardin, Vagner Fonseca, Marta Giovanetti, Jason Andrews, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, and Simone Simionatto

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, indigenous population, VoI, VOC, pandemic, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on indigenous populations. Understanding the viral dynamics within this population is essential to create targeted protection measures.MethodsA total of 204 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples collected between May 2020 and November 2021 from an indigenous area in Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Midwestern Brazil, were screened. Samples were submitted to whole genome sequencing using the Nanopore sequencing platform. Clinical, demographic, and phylogenetic data were analyzed.ResultsWe found the co-circulation of six main SARS-CoV-2 lineages in the indigenous population, with the Zeta lineage being the most prevalent (27.66%), followed by B.1.1 (an ancestral strain) (20.21%), Gamma (14.36%) and Delta (13.83%). Other lineages represent 45.74% of the total. Our phylogenetic reconstruction indicates that multiple introduction events of different SARS-CoV-2 lineages occurred in the indigenous villages in MS. The estimated indigenous population mortality rate was 1.47%. Regarding the ethnicity of our cohort, 64.82% belong to the Guarani ethnicity, while 33.16% belong to the Terena ethnicity, with a slightly higher prevalence of males (53.43%) among females. Other ethnicities represent 2.01%. We also observed that almost all patients (89.55%) presented signs and symptoms related to COVID-19, being the most prevalent cough, fever, sore throat, and headache.DiscussionOur results revealed that multiple independent SARS-CoV-2 introduction events had occurred through time, probably due to indigenous mobility, since the villages studied here are close to urban areas in MS. The mortality rate was slightly below of the estimation for the state in the period studied, which we believe could be related to the small number of samples evaluated, the underreporting of cases and deaths among this population, and the inconsistency of secondary data available for this study.ConclusionIn this study, we showed the circulation of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants in this population, which should be isolated and protected as they belong to the most fragile group due to their socioeconomic and cultural disparities. We reinforce the need for constant genomic surveillance to monitor and prevent the spread of new emerging viruses and to better understand the viral dynamics in these populations, making it possible to direct specific actions.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Delay in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in prisons in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Author

Carla Celina Ribeiro, Andrea da Silva Santos, Daniel Henrique Tshua, Roberto Dias de Oliveira, Everton Ferreira Lemos, Paul Bourdillon, Alexandre Laranjeira, Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymone Gonçalves, Jason Andrews, Albert Ko, and Julio Croda

Subjects
Tuberculosis, Prisons, Delayed diagnosis, Time to treatment, Brazil, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962
Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: The number of tuberculosis (TB) cases in prisons is higher than that in the general population and has been reported as the most common cause of death in prisons. This study evaluated the delay in the diagnosis and treatment of TB in Brazilian prisons. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2007 and 2015 using data from the five largest male prisons in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. TB case data was collected from the National Database of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), GAL-LACEN, and prison medical records. The following variables were recorded: prison, year of diagnosis, age, race, education, HIV status, smoking status, comorbidities, number of symptoms, percentage of cures, delay in diagnosis, patient delay, provider delay, laboratory delay, and delay in treatment. Descriptive statistics were used for the variables of interest. Results: A total of 362 pulmonary TB cases were identified. The average time between the first symptom and reporting of data was 94 days. The mean time between symptom onset and laboratory diagnosis was 91 days. The average time from symptom onset to first consultation was 80 days. The time between diagnosis and treatment initiation was 5 days. Conclusions: Delays were significant between reporting of the first symptoms and diagnosis and significantly smaller from the time between notification and start of treatment. Control strategies should be implemented to diagnose cases through active screening, to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment, and to reduce TB transmission.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Tuberculosis in prison inmates in Southern Brazil: investigating the epidemiological and operational indicators

Author

Caroline Busatto, Julia Mespaque, Pauline Schwarzbold, Camilo Darsie de Souza, Carla Adriane Jarczewski, Rodrigo Dalke Meucci, Jason Andrews, Julio Croda, Pedro Eduardo Almeida da Silva, Ivy Bastos Ramis, and Lia Gonçalves Possuelo

Subjects
Epidemiology, Monitoring, Tuberculosis, Public health, Prisons, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962
Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Tuberculosis is a worldwide public health problem and is more prevalent in specific populations, such as prisoners. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and operational indicators of tuberculosis in prisoners in a southern region of Brazil. Methods: This was a descriptive, observational study, utilizing secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System on tuberculosis cases diagnosed in prisoners in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, from 2014 to 2018. Prisoner data used to calculate incidence were extracted from reports by the National Penitentiary Department. Results: From 2014 to 2018, 3,557 tuberculosis cases were reported in Rio Grande do Sul prisoners. The incidence rate of tuberculosis in prisoners was 1,235/100,000 individuals in 2014 and 1,430/100,000 individuals in 2018. The proportion of new TB cases tested for HIV was high, 83.4% in this period; among those tested, 12.9% were HIV coinfected. The proportion of new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis confirmed by laboratory criteria was 52.6% in this period. In total, 18.4% of new pulmonary tuberculosis cases were initiated on directly observed treatment in this period, and 36.4% of contacts of new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with laboratory confirmation were examined. Among retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis cases, 82.4% were laboratory-confirmed. Conclusions: Tuberculosis incidence is increasing on a per-capita and absolute basis in Rio Grande do Sul. Laboratory confirmation, HIV testing, directly observed treatment, and contact investigation rates were all low, indicating the need to improve medical and public health measures for tuberculosis control in prisons.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Identification of Novel Serodiagnostic Signatures of Typhoid Fever Using a Salmonella Proteome Array

Author

Thomas C. Darton, Stephen Baker, Arlo Randall, Sabina Dongol, Abhilasha Karkey, Merryn Voysey, Michael J. Carter, Claire Jones, Krista Trappl, Jozelyn Pablo, Chris Hung, Andy Teng, Adam Shandling, Tim Le, Cassidy Walker, Douglas Molina, Jason Andrews, Amit Arjyal, Buddha Basnyat, Andrew J. Pollard, and Christoph J. Blohmke

Subjects
Salmonella Typhi, serodiagnostics, antibody response, fever diagnostics, enteric fever, machine learning, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Current diagnostic tests for typhoid fever, the disease caused by Salmonella Typhi, are poor. We aimed to identify serodiagnostic signatures of typhoid fever by assessing microarray signals to 4,445 S. Typhi antigens in sera from 41 participants challenged with oral S. Typhi. We found broad, heterogeneous antibody responses with increasing IgM/IgA signals at diagnosis. In down-selected 250-antigen arrays we validated responses in a second challenge cohort (n = 30), and selected diagnostic signatures using machine learning and multivariable modeling. In four models containing responses to antigens including flagellin, OmpA, HlyE, sipC, and LPS, multi-antigen signatures discriminated typhoid (n = 100) from other febrile bacteremia (n = 52) in Nepal. These models contained combinatorial IgM, IgA, and IgG responses to 5 antigens (ROC AUC, 0.67 and 0.71) or 3 antigens (0.87), although IgA responses to LPS also performed well (0.88). Using a novel systematic approach we have identified and validated optimal serological diagnostic signatures of typhoid fever.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Comparison of the Performance of the TPTest, Tubex, Typhidot and Widal Immunodiagnostic Assays and Blood Cultures in Detecting Patients with Typhoid Fever in Bangladesh, Including Using a Bayesian Latent Class Modeling Approach.

Author

Kamrul Islam, Md Abu Sayeed, Emran Hossen, Farhana Khanam, Richelle C Charles, Jason Andrews, Edward T Ryan, and Firdausi Qadri

Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BACKGROUND:There is an urgent need for an improved diagnostic assay for typhoid fever. In this current study, we compared the recently developed TPTest (Typhoid and Paratyphoid Test) with the Widal test, blood culture, and two commonly used commercially available kits, Tubex and Typhidot. METHODOLOGY:For analysis, we categorized 92 Bangladeshi patients with suspected enteric fever into four groups: S. Typhi bacteremic patients (n = 28); patients with a fourfold change in Widal test from day 0 to convalescent period (n = 7); patients with Widal titer ≥1:320 (n = 13) at either acute or convalescent stage of disease; and patients suspected with enteric fever, but with a negative blood culture and Widal titer (n = 44). We also tested healthy endemic zone controls (n = 20) and Bangladeshi patients with other febrile illnesses (n = 15). Sample size was based on convenience to facilitate preliminary analysis. PRINCIPLE FINDINGS:Of 28 S. Typhi bacteremic patients, 28 (100%), 21 (75%) and 18 (64%) patients were positive by TPTest, Tubex and Typhidot, respectively. In healthy endemic zone controls, the TPTest method was negative in all, whereas Tubex and Typhidot were positive in 3 (15%) and 5 (25%), respectively. We then estimated sensitivity and specificity of all diagnostic tests using Bayesian latent class modeling. The sensitivity of TPTest, Tubex and Typhidot were estimated at 96.0% (95% CI: 87.1%-99.8%), 60.2% (95% CI: 49.3%-71.2%), and 59.6% (95% CI: 50.1%-69.3%), respectively. Specificity was estimated at 96.6% (90.7%-99.2%) for TPTest, 89.9% (79.6%-96.8%) for Tubex, and 80.0% (67.7%-89.7%) for Typhidot. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that the TPTest is highly sensitive and specific in diagnosing individuals with typhoid fever in a typhoid endemic setting, outperforming currently available and commonly used alternatives.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Complexity in mathematical models of public health policies: a guide for consumers of models.

Author

Sanjay Basu and Jason Andrews

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Sanjay Basu and colleagues explain how models are increasingly used to inform public health policy yet readers may struggle to evaluate the quality of models. All models require simplifying assumptions, and there are tradeoffs between creating models that are more "realistic" versus those that are grounded in more solid data. Indeed, complex models are not necessarily more accurate or reliable simply because they can more easily fit real-world data than simpler models can. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Comparative performance of private and public healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Author

Sanjay Basu, Jason Andrews, Sandeep Kishore, Rajesh Panjabi, and David Stuckler

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Private sector healthcare delivery in low- and middle-income countries is sometimes argued to be more efficient, accountable, and sustainable than public sector delivery. Conversely, the public sector is often regarded as providing more equitable and evidence-based care. We performed a systematic review of research studies investigating the performance of private and public sector delivery in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Peer-reviewed studies including case studies, meta-analyses, reviews, and case-control analyses, as well as reports published by non-governmental organizations and international agencies, were systematically collected through large database searches, filtered through methodological inclusion criteria, and organized into six World Health Organization health system themes: accessibility and responsiveness; quality; outcomes; accountability, transparency, and regulation; fairness and equity; and efficiency. Of 1,178 potentially relevant unique citations, data were obtained from 102 articles describing studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries. Comparative cohort and cross-sectional studies suggested that providers in the private sector more frequently violated medical standards of practice and had poorer patient outcomes, but had greater reported timeliness and hospitality to patients. Reported efficiency tended to be lower in the private than in the public sector, resulting in part from perverse incentives for unnecessary testing and treatment. Public sector services experienced more limited availability of equipment, medications, and trained healthcare workers. When the definition of "private sector" included unlicensed and uncertified providers such as drug shop owners, most patients appeared to access care in the private sector; however, when unlicensed healthcare providers were excluded from the analysis, the majority of people accessed public sector care. "Competitive dynamics" for funding appeared between the two sectors, such that public funds and personnel were redirected to private sector development, followed by reductions in public sector service budgets and staff. CONCLUSIONS: Studies evaluated in this systematic review do not support the claim that the private sector is usually more efficient, accountable, or medically effective than the public sector; however, the public sector appears frequently to lack timeliness and hospitality towards patients.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Implementing surgical services in a rural, resource-limited setting: a study protocol

Author

Dan Schwarz, Ryan Schwarz, Duncan Smith-Rohrberg Maru, Jason Andrews, Maria Theresa Panizales, Gregory Karelas, Jesse Stark Brady, and Selwyn Rogers

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Introduction There are well-established protocols and procedures for the majority of common surgical diseases, yet surgical services remain largely inaccessible for much of the world's rural poor. Data on the process and outcome of surgical care expansion, however, are very limited, and the roll-out process of rural surgical implementation in particular has never been studied. Here, we propose the first implementation research study to assess the surgical scale-up process in the rural district of Achham, Nepal.Methods and analysis Based primarily on the protocols of the WHO's Integrated Management for Emergency and Essential Surgical Care (IMEESC), this study's threefold implementation strategy will include: (1) the core IMEESC surgical care program, (2) community-based follow-up via health workers, and (3) hospital-based quality improvement programs. The implementation program will employ additional emergency and surgical care protocols developed collaboratively by physicians, nurses and the authors. This strategy will be referred to as IMEESC-Plus. This study will employ both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies to collect clinical data and information on the reception and utilisation of services. The first 18 months of the implementation process will be studied and divided into an initial phase (first 6 months) and a consolidation phase (subsequent 12 months).Discussion This study aims to describe the logistics of the implementation process of IMEESC-Plus, and assess the quality of the resulting IMEESC-Plus services during the course of the implementation process. Using data generated from this study, larger, multi-site implementation studies can be planned that assess the scale-up of surgical services worldwide in resource-limited areas.

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Turning a blind eye: the mobilization of radiology services in resource-poor regions

Author

Jason Andrews, Schwarz Ryan, Maru Duncan, Basu Sanjay, Sharma Aditya, and Moore Christopher

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract While primary care, obstetrical, and surgical services have started to expand in the world's poorest regions, there is only sparse literature on the essential support systems that are required to make these operations function. Diagnostic imaging is critical to effective rural healthcare delivery, yet it has been severely neglected by the academic, public, and private sectors. Currently, a large portion of the world's population lacks access to any form of diagnostic imaging. In this paper we argue that two primary imaging modalities--diagnostic ultrasound and X-Ray--are ideal for rural healthcare services and should be scaled-up in a rapid and standardized manner. Such machines, if designed for resource-poor settings, should a) be robust in harsh environmental conditions, b) function reliably in environments with unstable electricity, c) minimize radiation dangers to staff and patients, d) be operable by non-specialist providers, and e) produce high-quality images required for accurate diagnosis. Few manufacturers are producing ultrasound and X-Ray machines that meet the specifications needed for rural healthcare delivery in resource-poor regions. A coordinated effort is required to create demand sufficient for manufacturers to produce the desired machines and to ensure that the programs operating them are safe, effective, and financially feasible.

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Effects of Mitigation and Control Policies in Realistic Epidemic Models Accounting for Household Transmission Dynamics

Author

Fernando Alarid-Escudero, Jeremy Goldhaber-Fiebert, and Jason Andrews

Abstract

BackgroundCompartmental infectious disease (ID) models are often used to evaluate non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and vaccines. Such models rarely separate within-household and community transmission, potentially introducing biases. We formulated an approach that incorporates household structure into ID models, extending the work of House and Keeling.DesignWe developed a multi-compartment susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered-susceptible-vaccinated (MC-SEIRSV) modeling framework, allowing non-exponentially distributed duration in Exposed and Infectious compartments, that tracks within-household and community transmission. We simulated epidemics that varied systematically by community and household transmission rates, waning immunity rate, household size (3 or 5 members), and numbers of Exposed and Infectious compartments (1-3 each). We calibrated otherwise identical models without household structure to the early phase of each parameter combination’s epidemic curve. We compared each model pair in terms of epidemic forecasts and predicted NPI and vaccine impacts on: the timing and magnitude of the epidemic peak and on its total size. Meta-analytic regressions characterized the relationship between household structure inclusion and the size and direction of biases.ResultsOtherwise similar models with and without household structure produced equivalent early epidemic curves. However, forecasts from models without household structure were biased. Without intervention, they were upward-biased on peak size and total epidemic size, with biases also depending on the number of Exposed and Infectious compartments. Model-estimated NPI effects of a 60% reduction in community contacts on peak time and size were systematically overestimated without household structure. When the NPI yielded a 20% reduction, biases were smaller. Because vaccination impacted both community and household transmission, their biases were still smaller.ConclusionsID models without household structure can produce biased outcomes. Analysts should consider incorporating household structure.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Genomic Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from an Indigenous Reserve in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Author

Vinicius João Navarini, Izabela Mauricio de Rezende, Laís Albuquerque de Oliveira, Silvana Beutinger Marchioro, Alex Jose Leite Torres, Julio Croda, Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymone Gonçalves, Mariana Garcia Croda, Luiz Henrique Ferraz Demarchi, Joilson Xavier, Emerson de Castro, Mauricio lima, Vagner Fonseca, Felipe Iani, Talita Adelino, Flavia Abujaile, Marta Giovanetti, Jason Andrews, Luiz Alcantara, and Simone Simionatto

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. TNFα-Producing CD4 + T Cells Dominate the SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Cell Response in COVID-19 Outpatients and Are Associated with Durable Antibodies

Author

Kattria van der Ploeg, Adam Setori Kirosingh, Diego Alonzo Martinez Mori, Saborni Chakraborty, Zicheng Hu, Benjamin L. Seivers, Karen B. Jacobson, Hector Bonilla, Julie Parsonnet, Jason Andrews, Kathleen D. Press, Maureen Caracena Ty, Daniel R. Ruiz-Betancourt, Lauren de la Parte, Gene S. Tan, Catherine Blish, Saki Takahashi, Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer, Bryan Greenhouse, Upinder Singh, Taia Wang, and Prasanna Jagannathan

Subjects
History, Polymers and Plastics, Business and International Management, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019 : a systematic analysis

Author

Christopher J L Murray, Kevin Shunji Ikuta, Fablina Sharara, Lucien Swetschinski, Gisela Robles Aguilar, Authia Gray, Chieh Han, Catherine Bisignano, Puja Rao, Eve Wool, Sarah C Johnson, Annie J Browne, Michael Give Chipeta, Frederick Fell, Sean Hackett, Georgina Haines-Woodhouse, Bahar H Kashef Hamadani, Emmanuelle A P Kumaran, Barney McManigal, Sureeruk Achalapong, Ramesh Agarwal, Samuel Akech, Samuel Albertson, John Amuasi, Jason Andrews, Aleskandr Aravkin, Elizabeth Ashley, François-Xavier Babin, Freddie Bailey, Stephen Baker, Buddha Basnyat, Adrie Bekker, Rose Bender, James A Berkley, Adhisivam Bethou, Julia Bielicki, Suppawat Boonkasidecha, James Bukosia, Cristina Carvalheiro, Carlos Castañeda-Orjuela, Vilada Chansamouth, Suman Chaurasia, Sara Chiurchiù, Fazle Chowdhury, Rafai Clotaire Donatien, Aislinn J Cook, Ben Cooper, Tim R Cressey, Elia Criollo-Mora, Matthew Cunningham, Saffiatou Darboe, Nicholas P J Day, Maia De Luca, Klara Dokova, Angela Dramowski, Susanna J Dunachie, Thuy Duong Bich, Tim Eckmanns, Daniel Eibach, Amir Emami, Nicholas Feasey, Natasha Fisher-Pearson, Karen Forrest, Coralith Garcia, Denise Garrett, Petra Gastmeier, Ababi Zergaw Giref, Rachel Claire Greer, Vikas Gupta, Sebastian Haller, Andrea Haselbeck, Simon I Hay, Marianne Holm, Susan Hopkins, Yingfen Hsia, Kenneth C Iregbu, Jan Jacobs, Daniel Jarovsky, Fatemeh Javanmardi, Adam W J Jenney, Meera Khorana, Suwimon Khusuwan, Niranjan Kissoon, Elsa Kobeissi, Tomislav Kostyanev, Fiorella Krapp, Ralf Krumkamp, Ajay Kumar, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Cherry Lim, Kruy Lim, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Michael James Loftus, Miles Lunn, Jianing Ma, Anand Manoharan, Florian Marks, Jürgen May, Mayfong Mayxay, Neema Mturi, Tatiana Munera-Huertas, Patrick Musicha, Lilian A Musila, Marisa Marcia Mussi-Pinhata, Ravi Narayan Naidu, Tomoka Nakamura, Ruchi Nanavati, Sushma Nangia, Paul Newton, Chanpheaktra Ngoun, Amanda Novotney, Davis Nwakanma, Christina W Obiero, Theresa J Ochoa, Antonio Olivas-Martinez, Piero Olliaro, Ednah Ooko, Edgar Ortiz-Brizuela, Pradthana Ounchanum, Gideok D Pak, Jose Luis Paredes, Anton Yariv Peleg, Carlo Perrone, Thong Phe, Koukeo Phommasone, Nishad Plakkal, Alfredo Ponce-de-Leon, Mathieu Raad, Tanusha Ramdin, Sayaphet Rattanavong, Amy Riddell, Tamalee Roberts, Julie Victoria Robotham, Anna Roca, Victor Daniel Rosenthal, Kristina E Rudd, Neal Russell, Helio S Sader, Weerawut Saengchan, Jesse Schnall, John Anthony Gerard Scott, Samroeng Seekaew, Mike Sharland, Madhusudhan Shivamallappa, Jose Sifuentes-Osornio, Andrew J Simpson, Nicolas Steenkeste, Andrew James Stewardson, Temenuga Stoeva, Nidanuch Tasak, Areerat Thaiprakong, Guy Thwaites, Caroline Tigoi, Claudia Turner, Paul Turner, H Rogier van Doorn, Sithembiso Velaphi, Avina Vongpradith, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Huong Vu, Timothy Walsh, Judd L Walson, Seymour Waner, Tri Wangrangsimakul, Prapass Wannapinij, Teresa Wozniak, Tracey E M W Young Sharma, Kalvin C Yu, Peng Zheng, Benn Sartorius, Alan D Lopez, Andy Stergachis, Catrin Moore, Christiane Dolecek, Mohsen Naghavi, Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators, and Collaborators, Antimicrobial Resistance

Subjects
METHICILLIN-RESISTANT, Models, Statistical, Science & Technology, SEPSIS, UNITED-STATES, ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE, General Medicine, Bacterial Infections, systematic analysis, Global Health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Global Burden of Disease, DEFINITIONS, Medicine, General & Internal, INFECTIONS, General & Internal Medicine, VACCINES, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, bacterial antimicrobial resistance, Humans, Human medicine, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS
Abstract

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major threat to human health around the world. Previous publications have estimated the effect of AMR on incidence, deaths, hospital length of stay, and health-care costs for specific pathogen–drug combinations in select locations. To our knowledge, this study presents the most comprehensive estimates of AMR burden to date. Methods We estimated deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to and associated with bacterial AMR for 23 pathogens and 88 pathogen–drug combinations in 204 countries and territories in 2019. We obtained data from systematic literature reviews, hospital systems, surveillance systems, and other sources, covering 471 million individual records or isolates and 7585 study-location-years. We used predictive statistical modelling to produce estimates of AMR burden for all locations, including for locations with no data. Our approach can be divided into five broad components: number of deaths where infection played a role, proportion of infectious deaths attributable to a given infectious syndrome, proportion of infectious syndrome deaths attributable to a given pathogen, the percentage of a given pathogen resistant to an antibiotic of interest, and the excess risk of death or duration of an infection associated with this resistance. Using these components, we estimated disease burden based on two counterfactuals: deaths attributable to AMR (based on an alternative scenario in which all drug-resistant infections were replaced by drug-susceptible infections), and deaths associated with AMR (based on an alternative scenario in which all drug-resistant infections were replaced by no infection). We generated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for final estimates as the 25th and 975th ordered values across 1000 posterior draws, and models were cross-validated for out-of-sample predictive validity. We present final estimates aggregated to the global and regional level. Findings On the basis of our predictive statistical models, there were an estimated 4·95 million (3·62–6·57) deaths associated with bacterial AMR in 2019, including 1·27 million (95% UI 0·911–1·71) deaths attributable to bacterial AMR. At the regional level, we estimated the all-age death rate attributable to resistance to be highest in western sub-Saharan Africa, at 27·3 deaths per 100 000 (20·9–35·3), and lowest in Australasia, at 6·5 deaths (4·3–9·4) per 100 000. Lower respiratory infections accounted for more than 1·5 million deaths associated with resistance in 2019, making it the most burdensome infectious syndrome. The six leading pathogens for deaths associated with resistance (Escherichia coli, followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were responsible for 929 000 (660 000–1 270 000) deaths attributable to AMR and 3·57 million (2·62–4·78) deaths associated with AMR in 2019. One pathogen–drug combination, meticillin-resistant S aureus, caused more than 100 000 deaths attributable to AMR in 2019, while six more each caused 50 000–100 000 deaths: multidrug-resistant excluding extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E coli, carbapenem-resistant A baumannii, fluoroquinolone-resistant E coli, carbapenem-resistant K pneumoniae, and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant K pneumoniae. Interpretation To our knowledge, this study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the global burden of AMR, as well as an evaluation of the availability of data. AMR is a leading cause of death around the world, with the highest burdens in low-resource settings. Understanding the burden of AMR and the leading pathogen–drug combinations contributing to it is crucial to making informed and location-specific policy decisions, particularly about infection prevention and control programmes, access to essential antibiotics, and research and development of new vaccines and antibiotics. There are serious data gaps in many low-income settings, emphasising the need to expand microbiology laboratory capacity and data collection systems to improve our understanding of this important human health threat. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Wellcome Trust, and Department of Health and Social Care using UK aid funding managed by the Fleming Fund.

Published
2022

21. The Severe Typhoid in Africa Program: Incidences Of Typhoid Fever in Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Madagascar, And Nigeria

Author

Florian Marks, Justin Im, Se Eun Park, Gideok Pak, Hyonjin Jeon, Lady Rosny Wandji Nana, Marie-France Phoba, Lisette Mbuyi-Kalonji, Ondari D. Mogeni, Biruk Yeshitela, Ursula Panzner, Ligia Maria Cruz Espinoza, Tigist Beyene, Michael Owusu Ansah, Sampson Twumasi-Ankrah, Melese Yeshambaw, Ashenafi Alemu, Oluwafemi Adewusi, Olukemi Adekanmbi, Ellen Higginson, Akinlolu Adepoju, Sarah Agbi, Enoch G. Cakpo, Veronica O. Ogunleye, Gaëlle Nkoji, Odion O. Ikhimiukor, Jules Mbuyamba, Trevor Toy, Francis Opoku Agyapong, Tsiriniaina Jean Luco Razafindrabe, Tiana Mirana Raminosoa, Gabriel Nyrienda, Hyeong Won Seo, Hyejin Seo, Mohamadou Siribie, Megan E. Carey, Michael Owusu, Christian G. Meyer, Ndrainaharimira Rakotozandrindrainy, Nimarko Sarpong, Mathilde Razafindrakalia, Ravomialisoa Razafimanantsoa, Moussa Ouedraogo, Yeonseon J. Kim, Raphaël M. Zellweger, Sophie SY Kang, Juyeon Park, John A. Crump, Liselotte Hardy, Jan Jacobs, Denise Garrett, Jason Andrews, Nimesh Poudyal, Deok Ryun Kim, John D. Clemens, Stephen G. Baker, Jerome H. Kim, Gordon Dougan, Jonathan D. Sugimoto, Sandra Van Puyvelde, Aderemi Kehinde, Oluwafemi A. Popoola, Vittal Mogasale, Robert Breiman, William MacWright, Abraham Aseffa, Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse, Andrea Haselbeck, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie, Mekonnen Teferi, Abdramane Soura Bassiahi, Iruka Okeke, Octavie Lunguya-Metila, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, and Raphaël Rakotozandrindrainy

Subjects
History, Polymers and Plastics, Business and International Management, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. The Insider's Guide to Arm Cortex-M Development : Leverage Embedded Software Development Tools and Examples to Become an Efficient Cortex-M Developer

Author

Zachary Lusiak, Pareena Verma, Jason Andrews, Zachary Lusiak, Pareena Verma, and Jason Andrews

Subjects
ARM microprocessors, Embedded computer systems
Abstract

Learn and implement the latest Arm Cortex-M microcontroller development concepts such as performance optimization, security, software reuse, machine learning, continuous integration, and cloud-based development from industry expertsKey FeaturesLearn how to select the best Cortex-M hardware, software, and tools for your projectUnderstand the use of key software components and how to optimize and develop modern applicationsGet hands-on experience implementing quality software using example code provided in the bookPurchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free eBook in the PDF formatBook DescriptionCortex-M has been around since 2004, so why a new book now? With new microcontrollers based on the Cortex-M55 and Cortex-M85 being introduced this year, Cortex-M continues to expand. New software concepts, such as standardized software reuse, have emerged alongside new topics including security and machine learning. Development methodologies have also significantly advanced, with more embedded development taking place in the cloud and increased levels of automation. Due to these advances, a single engineer can no longer understand an entire project and requires new skills to be successful. This book provides a unique view of how to navigate and apply the latest concepts in microcontroller development. The book is split into two parts. First, you'll be guided through how to select the ideal set of hardware, software, and tools for your specific project. Next, you'll explore how to implement essential topics for modern embedded developers. Throughout the book, there are examples for you to learn by working with real Cortex-M devices with all software available on GitHub. You will gain experience with the small Cortex-M0+, the powerful Cortex-M55, and more Cortex-M processors. By the end of this book, you'll be able to practically apply modern Cortex-M software development concepts.What you will learnFamiliarize yourself with heuristics to identify the right components for your Cortex-M projectBoot code to efficiently start up a Cortex-M deviceOptimize algorithms with compilers, middleware, and other meansGet to grips with machine learning frameworks and implementation techniquesUnderstand security in the embedded space with solutions like TrustZone and TF-MExplore cloud-based development methodologies to increase efficiencyDive into continuous integration frameworks and best practicesIdentify future trends that could impact Cortex-M software developmentWho this book is forThis book is for practicing engineers and students working with embedded and IoT systems who want to quickly learn how to develop quality software for Arm Cortex-M processors without reading long technical manuals. If you're looking for a book that explains C or assembly language programming for the purpose of creating a single application or mastering a type of programming such as digital signal processing algorithms, then this book is NOT for you. A basic understanding of embedded hardware and software, along with general C programming skills will assist with understanding the concepts covered in this book.

Published
2022

27. The Genetic Effect

Author

Jason Andrews and Jason Andrews

Abstract

Medical prodigy James Drake has it all. He's a gifted athlete, has looks to kill and charm to spare. He is also on the verge of finding a cure for some of the most debilitating genetic conditions known, including autism. His twin brother Seb is an autistic savant. Seb may relate to people a little differently, but his genius mind could find the key to unlock James'research. But Dietrich Heuser, director of Medivate Pharmaceutical, keeps hounding James for the rights to his formula. Can James trust Heuser or does the pharmaceutical company want access to his work for the wrong reasons? And why is the Irish Mob following him? Can they find the key or will the formula fall into the wrong hands?

Published
2021

28. Testimonies of Communication in Dementia Care

Author

Nicole K Dalmer, Jason Andrews, and Grant Campbell

Subjects
Qualitative interviews, medicine, Information system, Dementia, Contrast (statistics), General Medicine, medicine.disease, Psychology, Developmental psychology
Abstract

This paper presents a study of recorded conversations, qualitative interviews, and published memoirs to articulate the role of professional information services in answering the needs of persons caring for family members living with dementia. The data from these sources reveals evidence of working naïve classifications based on images of ritual, paradox, contrast, synchrony and stability. The findings suggest that information services need to align with caregivers’ working classifications, and that information, when appropriately delivered, plays a significant role in re-establishing temporary periods of stability in the caregiving relationship.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. On partnership

Author

Ryan Schwarz, Duncan Smith-Rohrberg Maru, Dan Schwarz, Bibhav Acharya, Bijay Acharya, Ruma Rajbhandari, Jason Andrews, Gregory Karelas, Ranju Sharma, and Mark Arnoldy

Subjects
Health Services Needs and Demand, Narration, Hospitals, Rural, International Cooperation, Partnership Practice, General Medicine, United States, Interinstitutional Relations, Nepal, Medical Staff, Hospital, Humans, Cooperative Behavior, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Delivery of Health Care, Developing Countries
Published
2014

32. Nutrition and Tuberculosis

Author

Jason Andrews and Ramnath Subbaraman

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, business.industry, Medicine, business, Intensive care medicine, medicine.disease
Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Comparison of Vertical and Horizontal Takeoff Hybrid Launch Systems to Address Responsive Space Needs

Author

Eric Lund, Jason Andrews, Dana Andrews, and Michael Wolfert

Subjects
System development, Engineering, Horizontal and vertical, Aeronautics, business.industry, Payload, Range (aeronautics), Satellite, Takeoff, Space (commercial competition), business, Space launch
Abstract

Over the past several years the Department of Defense (DoD) has focused its launch system development activities on designing next generation systems capable of responsive space launch and prompt global strike. These efforts have resulted in the DARPA Force Application and Launch from CONUS (FALCON) program as well the USAF Hybrid Launch Vehicle broad area announcement. Andrews was a participant in the DARPA FALCON program and has performed numerous internal studies to assess a broad range of launch architectures that are capable of addressing the top level USAF Operationally Responsive Spacelift objectives. In this paper we compare a range of vertical and horizontal hybrid (part reusable / part expendable) launch architectures, assess their respective advantages and drawbacks with respect to the USAF ORS objectives, and make several observations. We examine three classes of vehicles as representative members of the launch families: a small launch vehicle for immediate DoD global strike and small satellite launch needs, a mid-size vehicle with moderate (10-15klb to LEO) payload capacity to compete with existing expendables, and an advanced system capable of heavy lift for NASA exploration missions.

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Optimization of ETO Launch Systems for Airplane-like Safety and Reliability

Author

Steven White, Dana Andrews, Eric Lund, Jason Andrews, Adam M. Wuerl, Ralph Ewig, Andrew M. Crocker, and Jeffery H. Cannon

Subjects
Reliability (semiconductor), business.product_category, Abort, Computer science, Thrust, Dead zone, Reuse, Propulsion, business, Flight test, Airplane, Reliability engineering
Abstract

Achieving airplane-like safety and reliability on ETO launch systems requires fundamental changes in vehicle propulsion and flight trajectories. Current launch systems all have extended regions where catastrophic engine failure means loss-of-vehicle (LOV) either through loss of control or insufficient thrust to weight (T/W < 1.0). These regions have been euphemistically termed “dead zones” for obvious reasons. The most straightforward solution is to supply extra engines to give “engine-out capability”, but this approach has limited use because of the additional cost and weight penalties, and the fact that uncontained engine failures will often result in “engine fratricide”, which can still reduce T/W < 1. In this paper we examine causes of unreliability, available intact abort options, and a variety of approaches for enhancing the safety of different reusable launch systems. We are focusing on reusable launch systems because reuse has historically resulted in one to two orders of magnitude reduction in vehicle loss rate (after a reasonable flight test program).

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Propulsion System Design for the Peregrine Launch System

Author

Jason Andrews, Andrew M. Crocker, Claire Jones, and Livingston Holder

Subjects
Flexibility (engineering), Operability, Computer science, Systems engineering, Thermal protection, Takeoff, Propulsion, Projection (set theory), Turnaround time
Abstract

Andrews has developed the Peregrine Launch System (PLS), a horizontal takeoff horizontal landing (HTHL) vehicle capable of providing high levels of operational flexibility. The PLS is currently being considered for full-scale demonstration as part of the DARPA / Air Force FALCON program due to its unique capability to meet force projection and responsive spacelift mission needs. The PLS will provide a dramatic leap in the nation’s ability to safely and reliably respond to perceived threat situations while prohibiting other threats via unparalleled force projection capabilities. To accomplish this, the PLS maximizes the use of mature technologies to minimize development risk and overall system complexity effectively reducing maintenance operations and turn around time. Historically, maintenance intense technologies such as thermal protection systems have been minimized by tailoring the flight profile for optimized responsiveness and operability. This focus on responsiveness has resulted in a system uniquely qualified to meet not only the near term needs of the nation but also the emerging commercial market.

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. New Concepts and Perspectives on Micro-Rotorcraft and Small Autonomous Rotary-Wing Vehicles

Author

Larry A. Young, Jason Andrews, Raymond Demblewski, Jeffrey L. Johnson, James Klem, and Edwin W. Aiken

Subjects
Strategic planning, Engineering, Aeronautics, business.industry, Range (aeronautics), ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, business, Space exploration, Research center, Rotary wing
Abstract

A key part of the strategic vision for rotorcraft research as identified by senior technologists within the Army/NASA Rotorcraft Division at NASA Ames Research Center is the development and use of small autonomous rotorcraft. Small autonomous rotorcraft are defined for the purposes of this paper to be a class of vehicles that range in size from rotary-wing micro air vehicles (MAVs) to larger, more conventionally sized, rotorcraft uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAVs) - i.e. vehicle gross weights ranging from hundreds of grams to thousands of kilograms. The development of small autonomous rotorcraft represents both a technology challenge and a potential new vehicle class that will have substantial societal impact for: national security, personal transport, planetary science, and public service.

Published
2002
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Designing for the future space transportation missions

Author

Dana Andrews and Jason Andrews

Subjects
business.product_category, Geostationary transfer orbit, Rocket, Expendable launch system, business.industry, Computer science, International Space Station, Geosynchronous orbit, Takeoff, Aerospace engineering, business, Reaction control system, Medium Earth orbit
Abstract

Human exploration and commercial exploitation of space is bogged down because of the lack of safe, low cost, access to LEO. Opening the "Final Frontier" requires developing a Next Generation RLV that can address both the current, as well as the Future Elastic Space Markets. This requires a launch system with a new "breakthrough" propulsion system that is capable of airplane-like safety and reliability while operating for hundreds of hours with little or no maintenance. A systems engineering study to derive Next Generation RLV design requirements, and an RLV design study looking at three "advanced" RLV architectures (RBCC SSTO, TBCC TSTO, and "Alchemist" ACES TSTO) indicates that the "Alchemist" ACES TSTO is both the best near term and overall solution for addressing the Future Markets. Nomenclature ACES Air Collection and Enrichment System ACE-TR Air Core Enhanced Turbine Ramjet ATS Access to Space (Study) ELV Expendable Launch Vehicle GEO Geosynchronous Earth Orbit GTO Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit HTML Horizontal Takeoff and Horizontal Landing Isp Specific Impulse (Ibf/lbm/sec) ISS International Space Station LEO Low Earth Orbit LOX Liquid Oxygen MEO Medium Earth Orbit O2 Oxygen OMS Orbital Maneuvering System RBCC Rocket-Based Combined Cycle RCS Reaction Control System RLV Reusable Launch Vehicle SSTO Single-Stage-to-Orbit TBCC Turbine-Based Combined Cycle TOGW Takeoff Gross Weight (Horizontal TO) TSTO Two-Stage-to-Orbit

Published
2001
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Air Collection and Enrichment System (ACES) for advanced 2nd generation RLVs

Author

Jason Andrews and Dana Andrews

Subjects
Engineering, business.product_category, Geostationary transfer orbit, business.industry, Geosynchronous orbit, Space Shuttle, Reaction control system, Expendable launch system, Rocket, Environmental chemistry, International Space Station, Aerospace engineering, business, Medium Earth orbit
Abstract

Human exploration and commercial exploitation of space is bogged down because of the lack of safe, low cost, access to LEO. Opening the "Final Frontier" requires a launch system with a new "breakthrough" propulsion system that is capable of airplane-like safety and reliability while operating for hundreds of hours with little or no maintenance. That was the premise of the Space Shuttle Program circa 1975, but rocket science of that era was not up to the task. Is rocket science of the new third millennium up to the task? We think so and show how an old technology, Air Collection and Enrichment, combined with new materials and other subsystem technologies can provide the required "breakthrough" propulsion system to open up the Future Commercial Markets. Nomenclature ACES Air Collection and Enrichment System ACE-TR Air Core Enhanced Turbine Ramjet ATS Access to Space (Study) ELV Expendable Launch Vehicle GEO Geosynchronous Earth Orbit GTO Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit HTML Horizontal Takeoff and Horizontal Landing Isp Specific Impulse (Ibf/lbm/sec) ISS International Space Station LEO Low Earth Orbit LOX Liquid Oxygen MEO Medium Earth Orbit O2 Oxygen OMS Orbital Maneuvering System RBCC Rocket-Based Combined Cycle RCS Reaction Control System RLV Reusable Launch Vehicle SSTO Single-Stage-to-Orbit TBCC Turbine-Based Combined Cycle TOGW Takeoff Gross Weight (Horizontal TO) TSTO Two-Stage-to-Orbit WPAFB Wright Patterson Air Force Base

Published
2001
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. The MagOrion—A propulsion system for human exploration of the outer planets

Author

Jason Andrews and Dana Andrews

Subjects
Solar System, Engineering, Outer planets, Conceptual design, business.industry, In-space propulsion technologies, Electrical engineering, Magnetic sail, Thrust, Mars Exploration Program, Aerospace engineering, Propulsion, business
Abstract

Manned exploration beyond Mars requires very high specific energy. The only potential solution under discussion is fusion propulsion. However, fusion has been ten years away for forty years. We have an available solution that combines new technology with an old concept-“Project Orion.” The proposed “MagOrion” Propulsion System combines a magnetic sail (MagSail) with conventional small yield (0.5 to 1.0 kiloton) shaped nuclear fission devices. At denonation, roughly eighty percent of the yield appears as a highly-ionized plasma, and when detonated two kilometers behind a robust MagSail, approximately half of this plasma can be stopped and turned into thrust. A MagOrion can provide a system acceleration of one or more gravities with effective specific impulses ranging from 15,000 to 45,000 seconds. Dana Andrews and Robert Zubrin published a paper in 1997 that described the operating principles of the MagOrion. We have taken that concept through conceptual design to identify the major operational features and risks. The risks are considerable, but the potential payoff is staggering. Our proposed MagOrion will enable affordable exploration of the solar system.

Published
2000
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Embedded Software: Know It All

Author

Jean J. Labrosse, Bob Perrin, Jack Ganssle, Robert Oshana, Colin Walls, Keith E. Curtis, Jason Andrews, David J. Katz, Rick Gentile, Kamal Hyder, Jean J. Labrosse, Bob Perrin, Jack Ganssle, Robert Oshana, Colin Walls, Keith E. Curtis, Jason Andrews, David J. Katz, Rick Gentile, and Kamal Hyder

Subjects
Computer software--Development, Embedded computer systems--Programming
Abstract

The Newnes Know It All Series takes the best of what our authors have written to create hard-working desk references that will be an engineer's first port of call for key information, design techniques and rules of thumb. Guaranteed not to gather dust on a shelf!Embedded software is present everywhere – from a garage door opener to implanted medical devices to multicore computer systems. This book covers the development and testing of embedded software from many different angles and using different programming languages. Optimization of code, and the testing of that code, are detailed to enable readers to create the best solutions on-time and on-budget. Bringing together the work of leading experts in the field, this a comprehensive reference that every embedded developer will need! - Proven, real-world advice and guidance from such'name authors as Tammy Noergard, Jen LaBrosse, and Keith Curtis - Popular architectures and languages fully discussed - Gives a comprehensive, detailed overview of the techniques and methodologies for developing effective, efficient embedded software

Published
2008

46. Co-verification of Hardware and Software for ARM SoC Design

Author

Jason Andrews and Jason Andrews

Subjects
Integrated circuits--Verification, Computer software--Verification, Systems on a chip
Abstract

Hardware/software co-verification is how to make sure that embedded system software works correctly with the hardware, and that the hardware has been properly designed to run the software successfully -before large sums are spent on prototypes or manufacturing. This is the first book to apply this verification technique to the rapidly growing field of embedded systems-on-a-chip(SoC). As traditional embedded system design evolves into single-chip design, embedded engineers must be armed with the necessary information to make educated decisions about which tools and methodology to deploy. SoC verification requires a mix of expertise from the disciplines of microprocessor and computer architecture, logic design and simulation, and C and Assembly language embedded software. Until now, the relevant information on how it all fits together has not been available. Andrews, a recognized expert, provides in-depth information about how co-verification really works, how to be successful using it, and pitfalls to avoid. He illustrates these concepts using concrete examples with the ARM core - a technology that has the dominant market share in embedded system product design. The companion CD-ROM contains all source code used in the design examples, a searchable e-book version, and useful design tools.• The only book on verification for systems-on-a-chip (SoC) on the market• Will save engineers and their companies time and money by showing them how to speed up the testing process, while still avoiding costly mistakes• Design examples use the ARM core, the dominant technology in SoC, and all the source code is included on the accompanying CD-Rom, so engineers can easily use it in their own designs

Published
2005

47. Turning a blind eye: the mobilization of radiology services in resource-poor regions.

Author

Maru, Duncan Smith-Rohrberg, Schwarz, Ryan, Andrews, Jason, Basu, Sanjay, Sharma, Aditya, Moore, Christopher, and Jason, Andrews

Subjects
RADIOLOGY, MEDICAL imaging systems, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, RADIATION, MEDICAL care
Abstract

While primary care, obstetrical, and surgical services have started to expand in the world's poorest regions, there is only sparse literature on the essential support systems that are required to make these operations function. Diagnostic imaging is critical to effective rural healthcare delivery, yet it has been severely neglected by the academic, public, and private sectors. Currently, a large portion of the world's population lacks access to any form of diagnostic imaging. In this paper we argue that two primary imaging modalities--diagnostic ultrasound and X-Ray--are ideal for rural healthcare services and should be scaled-up in a rapid and standardized manner. Such machines, if designed for resource-poor settings, should a) be robust in harsh environmental conditions, b) function reliably in environments with unstable electricity, c) minimize radiation dangers to staff and patients, d) be operable by non-specialist providers, and e) produce high-quality images required for accurate diagnosis. Few manufacturers are producing ultrasound and X-Ray machines that meet the specifications needed for rural healthcare delivery in resource-poor regions. A coordinated effort is required to create demand sufficient for manufacturers to produce the desired machines and to ensure that the programs operating them are safe, effective, and financially feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Physics case for an LHCb Upgrade II - Opportunities in flavour physics, and beyond, in the HL-LHC era

Author

Roel Aaij, Bernardo Adeva, Marco Adinolfi, Christine Angela Aidala, Ziad Ajaltouni, Simon Akar, Pietro Albicocco, Johannes Albrecht, Federico Alessio, Michael Alexander, Alejandro Alfonso Albero, Suvayu Ali, Georgy Alkhazov, Paula Alvarez Cartelle, Antonio Augusto Alves, Sandra Amato, Silvia Amerio, Yasmine Amhis, Liupan An, Lucio Anderlini, Guido Andreassi, Mirco Andreotti, Jason Andrews, Robert Appleby, Flavio Archilli, Argent, Philippe D., Joan Arnau Romeu, Alexander Artamonov, Marina Artuso, Kenenbek Arzymatov, Elie Aslanides, Michele Atzeni, Sebastian Bachmann, John Back, Sophie Baker, Vladislav Balagura, Wander Baldini, Alexander Baranov, Roger Barlow, Sergey Barsuk, William Barter, Fedor Baryshnikov, Varvara Batozskaya, Baasansuren Batsukh, Vincenzo Battista, Aurelio Bay, John Beddow, Franco Bedeschi, Ignacio Bediaga, Andrew Beiter, Lennaert Bel, Nikita Beliy, Violaine Bellee, Nicoletta Belloli, Konstantin Belous, Ivan Belyaev, Eli Ben-Haim, Giovanni Bencivenni, Sean Benson, Sarah Beranek, Alexander Berezhnoy, Roland Bernet, Daniel Berninghoff, Emilie Bertholet, Alessandro Bertolin, Christopher Betancourt, Federico Betti, Marc-Olivier Bettler, Martinus van Beuzekom, Iaroslava Bezshyiko, Srishti Bhasin, Jihyun Bhom, Simone Bifani, Pierre Billoir, Alex Birnkraut, Andrea Bizzeti, Mikkel Bjørn, Michele Piero Blago, Thomas Blake, Frederic Blanc, Steven Blusk, Dana Bobulska, Valerio Bocci, Oscar Boente Garcia, Thomas Boettcher, Alexander Bondar, Nikolay Bondar, Silvia Borghi, Maxim Borisyak, Martino Borsato, Francesco Bossu, Meriem Boubdir, Themistocles Bowcock, Concezio Bozzi, Svende Braun, Michael Brodski, Jolanta Brodzicka, Arnau Brossa Gonzalo, Davide Brundu, Emma Buchanan, Annarita Buonaura, Christopher Burr, Albert Bursche, Jan Buytaert, Wiktor Byczynski, Sandro Cadeddu, Hao Cai, Roberto Calabrese, Ryan Calladine, Marta Calvi, Miriam Calvo Gomez, Alessandro Camboni, Pierluigi Campana, Daniel Hugo Campora Perez, Lorenzo Capriotti, Angelo Carbone, Giovanni Carboni, Roberta Cardinale, Alessandro Cardini, Paolo Carniti, Laurence Carson, Kazuyoshi Carvalho Akiba, Gianluigi Casse, Lorenzo Cassina, Marco Cattaneo, Giovanni Cavallero, Riccardo Cenci, David Chamont, Matthew George Chapman, Matthew Charles, Philippe Charpentier, Georgios Chatzikonstantinidis, Maximilien Chefdeville, Viktoriia Chekalina, Chen Chen, Shanzhen Chen, Stefan-Gabriel Chitic, Veronika Chobanova, Marcin Chrzaszcz, Alexsei Chubykin, Paolo Ciambrone, Xabier Cid Vidal, Gregory Ciezarek, Peter Clarke, Marco Clemencic, Harry Cliff, Joel Closier, Victor Coco, Coelho, Joao A. B., Julien Cogan, Eric Cogneras, Lucian Cojocariu, Paula Collins, Tommaso Colombo, Albert Comerma-Montells, Andrea Contu, George Coombs, Samuel Coquereau, Gloria Corti, Marco Corvo, Cayo Mar Costa Sobral, Benjamin Couturier, Greig Cowan, Daniel Charles Craik, Andrew Crocombe, Melissa Maria Cruz Torres, Robert Currie, Ambrosio, Carmelo D., Franciole da Cunha Marinho, Cesar Luiz da Silva, Elena Dall'Occo, Jeremy Dalseno, Anna Danilina, Adam Davis, Oscar de Aguiar Francisco, Kristof de Bruyn, Stefano de Capua, Michel de Cian, Jussara de Miranda, Leandro de Paula, Marilisa de Serio, Patrizia de Simone, Cameron Thomas Dean, Daniel Decamp, Luigi del Buono, Blaise Delaney, Hans Peter Dembinski, Moritz Demmer, Adam Dendek, Denis Derkach, Olivier Deschamps, Fabrice Desse, Francesco Dettori, Biplab Dey, Angelo Di Canto, Pasquale Di Nezza, Sergey Didenko, Hans Dijkstra, Francesca Dordei, Mirco Dorigo, Alvaro Dosil Suárez, Lauren Douglas, Anatoliy Dovbnya, Karlis Dreimanis, Laurent Dufour, Giulio Dujany, Paolo Durante, John Matthew Durham, Deepanwita Dutta, Rustem Dzhelyadin, Michal Dziewiecki, Agnieszka Dziurda, Alexey Dzyuba, Sajan Easo, Ulrik Egede, Victor Egorychev, Semen Eidelman, Stephan Eisenhardt, Ulrich Eitschberger, Robert Ekelhof, Lars Eklund, Scott Ely, Alexandru Ene, Stephan Escher, Sevda Esen, Timothy Evans, Antonio Falabella, Christian Färber, Nathanael Farley, Stephen Farry, Davide Fazzini, Luca Federici, Mauricio Féo, Gerard Fernandez, Placido Fernandez Declara, Antonio Fernandez Prieto, Fabio Ferrari, Lino Ferreira Lopes, Fernando Ferreira Rodrigues, Massimiliano Ferro-Luzzi, Sergey Filippov, Rosa Anna Fini, Massimiliano Fiorini, Miroslaw Firlej, Conor Fitzpatrick, Tomasz Fiutowski, Frederic Fleuret, Marianna Fontana, Flavio Fontanelli, Roger Forty, Vinicius Franco Lima, Markus Frank, Christoph Frei, Jinlin Fu, Wolfgang Funk, Emmy Gabriel, Abraham Gallas Torreira, Domenico Galli, Stefano Gallorini, Silvia Gambetta, Yuyue Gan, Miriam Gandelman, Paolo Gandini, Yuanning Gao, Luis Miguel Garcia Martin, Julián García Pardiñas, Beatriz Garcia Plana, Jordi Garra Tico, Lluis Garrido, David Gascon, Clara Gaspar, Laura Gavardi, Giulio Gazzoni, David Gerick, Evelina Gersabeck, Marco Gersabeck, Timothy Gershon, Dawid Gerstel, Philippe Ghez, Sebastiana Gianì, Valerie Gibson, Olivier Göran Girard, Lavinia-Helena Giubega, Konstantin Gizdov, Vladimir Gligorov, Carla Göbel, Dmitry Golubkov, Andrey Golutvin, Alvaro Gomes, Igor Vladimirovich Gorelov, Claudio Gotti, Ekaterina Govorkova, Jascha Peter Grabowski, Ricardo Graciani Diaz, Luis Alberto Granado Cardoso, Eugeni Graugés, Elena Graverini, Giacomo Graziani, Alexandru Grecu, Roman Greim, Peter Griffith, Lucia Grillo, Lukas Gruber, Barak Raimond Gruberg Cazon, Oliver Grünberg, Chenxi Gu, Evgeny Gushchin, Yury Guz, Thierry Gys, Thomas Hadavizadeh, Christos Hadjivasiliou, Guido Haefeli, Christophe Haen, Susan Haines, Brian Hamilton, Xiaoxue Han, Thomas Henry Hancock, Stephanie Hansmann-Menzemer, Neville Harnew, Samuel Harnew, Thomas Harrison, Christoph Hasse, Mark Hatch, Jibo He, Malte Hecker, Kevin Heinicke, Arno Heister, Karol Hennessy, Louis Henry, Eric van Herwijnen, Miriam Heß, Adlène Hicheur, Raoul Hidalgo Charman, Donal Hill, Martha Hilton, Plamen Hristov Hopchev, Wenhua Hu, Wenqian Huang, Zachary Huard, Wouter Hulsbergen, Thibaud Humair, Mikhail Hushchyn, David Hutchcroft, Daniel Hynds, Philipp Ibis, Marek Idzik, Philip Ilten, Kuzma Ivshin, Richard Jacobsson, Pawel Jalocha, Eddy Jans, Abolhassan Jawahery, Feng Jiang, Malcolm John, Daniel Johnson, Christopher Jones, Christian Joram, Beat Jost, Nathan Jurik, Sergii Kandybei, Matthias Karacson, James Mwangi Kariuki, Sarah Karodia, Nikita Kazeev, Matthieu Kecke, Floris Keizer, Matthew Kelsey, Matthew Kenzie, Tjeerd Ketel, Egor Khairullin, Basem Khanji, Chitsanu Khurewathanakul, Kyung Eun Kim, Thomas Kirn, Suzanne Klaver, Konrad Klimaszewski, Tatsiana Klimkovich, Serhii Koliiev, Michael Kolpin, Renata Kopecna, Patrick Koppenburg, Igor Kostiuk, Sofia Kotriakhova, Mohamad Kozeiha, Leonid Kravchuk, Michal Kreps, Felix Johannes Kress, Pavel Krokovny, Wojciech Krupa, Wojciech Krzemien, Wojciech Kucewicz, Marcin Kucharczyk, Vasily Kudryavtsev, Axel Kevin Kuonen, Tengiz Kvaratskheliya, Daniel Lacarrere, George Lafferty, Adriano Lai, Davide Lancierini, Gaia Lanfranchi, Christoph Langenbruch, Thomas Latham, Cristina Lazzeroni, Renaud Le Gac, Regis Lefèvre, Alexander Leflat, Jacques Lefrançois, Florian Lemaitre, Olivier Leroy, Tadeusz Lesiak, Blake Leverington, Pei-Rong Li, Tenglin Li, Zhuoming Li, Xixin Liang, Tatiana Likhomanenko, Rolf Lindner, Federica Lionetto, Vitalii Lisovskyi, Xuesong Liu, David Loh, Angelo Loi, Iain Longstaff, Jose Lopes, George Holger Lovell, Donatella Lucchesi, Miriam Lucio Martinez, Anna Lupato, Eleonora Luppi, Oliver Lupton, Alberto Lusiani, Xiao-Rui Lyu, Frederic Machefert, Florin Maciuc, Vladimir Macko, Patrick Mackowiak, Samuel Maddrell-Mander, Oleg Maev, Kevin Maguire, Dmitrii Maisuzenko, Maciej Witold Majewski, Sneha Malde, Bartosz Malecki, Alexander Malinin, Timofei Maltsev, Giulia Manca, Giampiero Mancinelli, Daniele Marangotto, Jan Maratas, Jean-François Marchand, Umberto Marconi, Carla Marin Benito, Matthieu Marinangeli, Pietro Marino, Jörg Marks, Phillip John Marshall, Giuseppe Martellotti, Morgan Martin, Maurizio Martinelli, Diego Martinez Santos, Fernando Martinez Vidal, André Massafferri, Marcel Materok, Rosen Matev, Abhijit Mathad, Zoltan Mathe, Clara Matteuzzi, Andrea Mauri, Emilie Maurice, Brice Maurin, Alexander Mazurov, Michael Mccann, Andrew Mcnab, Ronan Mcnulty, James Vincent Mead, Brian Meadows, Cedric Meaux, Frank Meier, Nis Meinert, Dmytro Melnychuk, Marcel Merk, Andrea Merli, Emanuele Michielin, Diego Alejandro Milanes, Edward James Millard, Marie-Noelle Minard, Luca Minzoni, Dominik Stefan Mitzel, Antje Mödden, Andrea Mogini, Josue Molina Rodriguez, Titus Mombächer, Igancio Alberto Monroy, Stephane Monteil, Mauro Morandin, Gianfranco Morello, Michael Joseph Morello, Olga Morgunova, Jakub Moron, Adam Benjamin Morris, Raymond Mountain, Franz Muheim, Mick Mulder, Dominik Müller, Janine Müller, Katharina Müller, Vanessa Müller, Colm Harold Murphy, Donal Murray, Paras Naik, Tatsuya Nakada, Raja Nandakumar, Anita Nandi, Tara Nanut, Irina Nasteva, Matthew Needham, Nicola Neri, Sebastian Neubert, Niko Neufeld, Max Neuner, Thi Dung Nguyen, Chung Nguyen-Mau, Simon Nieswand, Ramon Niet, Nikolay Nikitin, Alla Nogay, Hanlon, Daniel Patrick O., Agnieszka Oblakowska-Mucha, Vladimir Obraztsov, Stephen Ogilvy, Rudolf Oldeman, Gerco Onderwater, Anna Ossowska, Juan Martin Otalora Goicochea, Patrick Owen, Maria Aranzazu Oyanguren, Preema Rennee Pais, Antimo Palano, Matteo Palutan, Gennady Panshin, Antonios Papanestis, Marco Pappagallo, Luciano Pappalardo, William Parker, Christopher Parkes, Giovanni Passaleva, Alessandra Pastore, Mitesh Patel, Claudia Patrignani, Alex Pearce, Antonio Pellegrino, Gianni Penso, Monica Pepe Altarelli, Stefano Perazzini, Dmitrii Pereima, Pascal Perret, Luca Pescatore, Konstantinos Petridis, Alessandro Petrolini, Aleksandr Petrov, Stefano Petrucci, Marco Petruzzo, Boleslaw Pietrzyk, Guillaume Pietrzyk, Malgorzata Pikies, Martina Pili, Davide Pinci, Jacopo Pinzino, Flavio Pisani, Alessio Piucci, Vlad-Mihai Placinta, Stephen Playfer, Jonathan Plews, Maximo Plo Casasus, Francesco Polci, Marco Poli Lener, Anton Poluektov, Natalia Polukhina, Ivan Polyakov, Erica Polycarpo, Gabriela Johanna Pomery, Sebastien Ponce, Alexander Popov, Dmitry Popov, Stanislav Poslavskii, Cédric Potterat, Eugenia Price, Jessica Prisciandaro, Claire Prouve, Valery Pugatch, Albert Puig Navarro, Hannah Louise Pullen, Giovanni Punzi, Wenbin Qian, Jia-Jia Qin, Renato Quagliani, Boris Quintana, Bartlomiej Rachwal, Jonas Rademacker, Matteo Rama, Miguel Ramos Pernas, Murilo Rangel, Fedor Ratnikov, Gerhard Raven, Melody Ravonel Salzgeber, Meril Reboud, Federico Redi, Stefanie Reichert, Alberto dos Reis, Florian Reiss, Clara Remon Alepuz, Zan Ren, Victor Renaudin, Stefania Ricciardi, Sophie Richards, Kurt Rinnert, Patrick Robbe, Arnaud Robert, Ana Barbara Rodrigues, Eduardo Rodrigues, Jairo Alexis Rodriguez Lopez, Markus Roehrken, Alexey Rogozhnikov, Stefan Roiser, Alexandra Paige Rollings, Vladimir Romanovskiy, Antonio Romero Vidal, Marcello Rotondo, Matthew Scott Rudolph, Thomas Ruf, Joan Ruiz Vidal, Juan Jose Saborido Silva, Naylya Sagidova, Biagio Saitta, Valdir Salustino Guimaraes, Cristina Sanchez Gras, Carlos Sanchez Mayordomo, Brais Sanmartin Sedes, Roberta Santacesaria, Cibran Santamarina Rios, Marco Santimaria, Emanuele Santovetti, Gediminas Sarpis, Alessio Sarti, Celestina Satriano, Alessia Satta, Miroslav Saur, Darya Savrina, Stefan Schael, Margarete Schellenberg, Manuel Schiller, Heinrich Schindler, Michael Schmelling, Timon Schmelzer, Burkhard Schmidt, Olivier Schneider, Andreas Schopper, Hf Schreiner, Maxime Schubiger, Marie Helene Schune, Rainer Schwemmer, Barbara Sciascia, Adalberto Sciubba, Alexander Semennikov, Eduardo Enrique Sepulveda, Antonino Sergi, Nicola Serra, Justine Serrano, Lorenzo Sestini, Alex Seuthe, Paul Seyfert, Mikhail Shapkin, Yury Shcheglov, Tara Shears, Lev Shekhtman, Vladimir Shevchenko, Evgenii Shmanin, Benedetto Gianluca Siddi, Rafael Silva Coutinho, Luiz Gustavo Silva de Oliveira, Gabriele Simi, Saverio Simone, Nicola Skidmore, Tomasz Skwarnicki, John Gordon Smeaton, Eluned Smith, Iwan Thomas Smith, Mark Smith, Marcelo Soares, Lais Soares Lavra, Michael Sokoloff, Paul Soler, Bruno Souza de Paula, Bernhard Spaan, Patrick Spradlin, Federico Stagni, Marian Stahl, Sascha Stahl, Pavol Stefko, Slavomira Stefkova, Olaf Steinkamp, Simon Stemmle, Oleg Stenyakin, Margarita Stepanova, Holger Stevens, Sheldon Stone, Barbara Storaci, Simone Stracka, Maria Elena Stramaglia, Mihai Straticiuc, Ulrich Straumann, Sergey Strokov, Jiayin Sun, Liang Sun, Krzysztof Swientek, Vasileios Syropoulos, Tomasz Szumlak, Maciej Pawel Szymanski, Jampens, Stephane T., Zhipeng Tang, Andrey Tayduganov, Tobias Tekampe, Giulia Tellarini, Frederic Teubert, Eric Thomas, Jeroen van Tilburg, Matthew James Tilley, Vincent Tisserand, Siim Tolk, Luca Tomassetti, da Yu Tou, Rafael Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, Edwige Tournefier, Murdo Traill, Minh Tâm Tran, Ana Trisovic, Andrei Tsaregorodtsev, Alison Tully, Niels Tuning, Artur Ukleja, Andrii Usachov, Andrey Ustyuzhanin, Ulrich Uwer, Claudia Vacca, Alexander Vagner, Vincenzo Vagnoni, Andrea Valassi, Sebastien Valat, Giovanni Valenti, Ricardo Vazquez Gomez, Pablo Vazquez Regueiro, Carlos Vázquez Sierra, Stefania Vecchi, Maarten van Veghel, Jaap Velthuis, Michele Veltri, Giovanni Veneziano, Aravindhan Venkateswaran, Tobias Anton Verlage, Maxime Vernet, Michele Veronesi, Naomi Veronika, Mika Vesterinen, Joao Vitor Viana Barbosa, Daniel Vieira, Maria Vieites Diaz, Harald Viemann, Xavier Vilasis-Cardona, Arseniy Vitkovskiy, Marcela Vitti, Vladimir Volkov, Achim Vollhardt, Balazs Voneki, Alexey Vorobyev, Vitaly Vorobyev, Jacco de Vries, Roland Waldi, John Walsh, Jianchun Wang, Mengzhen Wang, Yilong Wang, Zhenzi Wang, David Ward, Heather Mckenzie Wark, Nigel Watson, David Websdale, Andreas Weiden, Constantin Weisser, Mark Whitehead, Jean Wicht, Guy Wilkinson, Michael Wilkinson, Ifan Williams, Mark Richard James Williams, Mike Williams, Timothy Williams, Fergus Wilson, Jack Wimberley, Michael Andreas Winn, Julian Wishahi, Wojciech Wislicki, Mariusz Witek, Guy Wormser, Stephen Wotton, Kenneth Wyllie, Dong Xiao, Yuehong Xie, Ao Xu, Menglin Xu, Qingnian Xu, Zehua Xu, Zhirui Xu, Zhenwei Yang, Zishuo Yang, Yuezhe Yao, Lauren Emma Yeomans, Hang Yin, Jiesheng Yu, Xuhao Yuan, Oleg Yushchenko, Kristian Alexander Zarebski, Mikhail Zavertyaev, Dongliang Zhang, Liming Zhang, Wen Chao Zhang, Yanxi Zhang, Alexey Zhelezov, Yangheng Zheng, Xianglei Zhu, Valery Zhukov, Jennifer Brigitta Zonneveld, and Stefano Zucchelli

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results