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15 results on '"Jason Feldman"'

1. Remote Detection of Marine Microbes, Small Invertebrates, Harmful Algae, and Biotoxins using the Environmental Sample Processor (ESP)

Author

Christopher Scholin, Gregory Doucette, Scott Jensen, Brent Roman, Douglas Pargett, Roman Marin III, Christina Preston, William Jones, Jason Feldman, Cheri Everlove, Adeline Harris, Nilo Alvarado, Eugene Massion, James Birch, Dianne Greenfield, Robert Vrijenhoek, Christina Mikulski, and Kelly Jones

Subjects
NOPP, environmental sample processing, ocean sensor systems, polymerase chain reaction, Oceanography, GC1-1581
Abstract

The advent of ocean observatories is creating unique opportunities for deploying novel sensor systems. We are exploring that potential through the development and application of the Environmental Sample Processor (ESP). ESP is an electromechanical/fluidic system designed to collect discrete water samples, concentrate microorganisms, and automate application of molecular probe technologies. Development and application of ESP grew from extensive partnerships galvanized by the National Oceanographic Partnership Program. Near-real-time observations are currently achieved using low-density DNA probe and protein arrays. Filter-based sandwich hybridization methodology enables direct detection of ribosomal RNA sequences diagnostic for groups of bacteria and archaea, as well as a variety of invertebrates and harmful algal species. An antibody-based technique is used for detecting domoic acid, an algal biotoxin. To date, ESP has been deployed in ocean waters from the near surface to 1000 m. Shallow-water deployments demonstrated application of all four types of assays in single deployments lasting up to 30 days and provided the first remote detection of such phylogenetically diverse organisms and metabolites on one platform. Deep-water applications focused on detection of invertebrates associated with whale falls, using remotely operated vehicle-based operations lasting several days. Current work emphasizes incorporating a four-channel, real-time polymerase chain reaction module, extending operations to 4000-m water depth, and increasing deployment duration.

Published
2009

2. Electrostatic Discharge Tests of Carbon Composite Materials with Conductive Resin

Author

Allen Andersen, Wousik Kim, Jason Feldman, Nick Patz, Mike Noyes, Matthew Bray, and Justin Likar

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Aerospace Engineering
Abstract

Carbon fiber composite is an increasingly common spacecraft material due to its favorable mechanical, thermal, and Radio Frequency (RF) properties. Despite the intrinsically conductive nature of the carbon fibers, it has been shown that the dielectric resin that binds the laminate together can cover much of the surface of the finished structure and pose a serious electrostatic discharge (ESD) concern. Previously recommended ESD mitigations such as abrading off the surface resin or applying a static-dissipative coating to the surface of the structure may not be amenable to all spacecraft design needs, and can be difficult to implement. The ideal solution to the carbon composite ESD problem is a material made entirely of constituents conductive enough not to pose any risk of ESD. We present test results for two carbon composite materials with conductive resins, PMT-F6-CL100 and PMT-F6-BP1, that do not discharge under severe electron exposure at cryogenic temperatures, conditions under which a standard formulation PMT-F6 produced copious discharges.

Published
2023
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4. Field applications of the second-generation Environmental Sample Processor (ESP) for remote detection of harmful algae: 2006-2007

Author

Christina M. Mikulski, Nilo Alvarado, Scott Jensen, Chris Scholin, Brent Roman, Roman Marin, Gregory J. Doucette, Kelly L. Jones, Dianne I. Greenfield, and Jason Feldman

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Remote detection, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Hybridization probe, Ocean Engineering, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Algal bloom, Sample (graphics), Molecular Probe Techniques, Human health, Probe array, Algae, 13. Climate action, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract

We assess the application of the second-generation Environmental Sample Processor (ESP) for the detection of harmful algal bloom (HAB) species in field and laboratory settings using two molecular probe techniques: a sandwich hybridization assay (SHA) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). During spring 2006, the first time this new instrument was deployed, the ESP successfully automated application of DNA probe arrays for various HAB species and other planktonic taxa, but non-specific background binding on the SHA probe array support made results interpretation problematic. Following 2006, the DNA array support membrane that we were using was replaced with a different membrane, and the SHA chemistry was adjusted. The sensitivity and dynamic range of these modifications were assessed using 96-well plate and ESP array SHA formats for several HAB species found commonly in Monterey Bay over a range of concentrations; responses were significantly correlated (p < 0.01). Modified arrays were deployed in 2007. Compared to 2006, probe arrays showed improved signal:noise, and remote detection of various HAB species was demonstrated. We confirmed that the ESP and affiliated assays can detect HAB populations at levels below those posing human health concerns, and results can be related to prevailing environmental conditions in near real-time.

Published
2008
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5. Application of environmental sample processor (ESP) methodology for quantifyingPseudo-nitzschia australisusing ribosomal RNA-targeted probes in sandwich and fluorescent in situ hybridization formats

Author

Roman Marin, Dianne I. Greenfield, Jason Feldman, Scott Jensen, Eugene Massion, Brent Roman, and Christopher A. Scholin

Subjects
In situ, Chromatography, biology, Oligonucleotide, Hybridization probe, Enumeration, Analytical chemistry, Ocean Engineering, In situ hybridization, Ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, Fluorescence, Pseudo-nitzschia
Abstract

In this contribution, we assess the application of methodology used in a novel in situ remote sampling platform, the environmental sample processor (ESP), for the identification and enumeration of a harmful algal species, the domoic acid-producing diatom Pseudo-nitzschia australis, using 2 molecular assays: a sandwich hybridization assay (SHA) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Both the SHA and FISH assays were initially designed as laboratory-based methods that are now emulated in the ESP. Response of the SHA to a range of concentrations of P. australis using the laboratory (96-well plate) and ESP (DNA probe array) formats showed that the two were highly correlated. Enumeration of cells filtered and archived for FISH using a manifold designed for laboratory applications agreed well with counts of cells filtered and archived in the ESP at ≥2.5 × 104 cells L−1. At lower concentrations, it becomes statistically unlikely to derive a reliable abundance estimate, suggesting that FISH is better suited for qualitative analyses unless the target organism is very abundant. We also assessed the suitability of an oligonucleotide as synthetic target sequence to act as a SHA reagent quality control and internal standard for the plate assay. This was successful, but the probe and/or associated reagents were stable for only ~60 days. Our results show that the ESP is capable of detecting P. australis in near real-time and also supports whole-cell archival samples, making it a potentially useful tool for future research and monitoring initiatives.

Published
2006
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6. Effects of Peroxide Plasma Cleaning on Engineering Materials Designated for Adhesion Experiments on the Surface of Mars

Author

Jason Feldman and Michael H. Hecht

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Plasma cleaning, Nanotechnology, Surfaces and Interfaces, Polymer, Mars Exploration Program, Sterilization (microbiology), Condensed Matter Physics, Peroxide, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Silver film, Composite material
Abstract

Samples of four materials (Herculite 80, SSM 3084, FRAS 140, and Teflon), designated for a soil analysis instrument designed for a Mars Surveyor Program lander, were exposed to a peroxide plasma and immediately sealed in sterile bags. The purpose of this surface analysis was to evaluate the effect of cleaning procedures mandated for biological sterilization, in accordance with international treaties. Comparison of XPS measurements was made with as-received samples. Herculite is a plastic-coated weave, SSM 3084 is a sandwich of two polymers and a silver film, and FRAS 140 is a flexible, transparent polymer film.

Published
2002
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7. Characterization of vibration transfer paths in nose gearboxes of an AH-64 Apache

Author

Jason Feldman, Paula J. Dempsey, Christopher Scott Larsen, and A. K. M. Anwarul Islam

Subjects
Vibration, Frequency response, Computer science, Acoustics, Transfer (computing), Torque, Resonance, Accelerometer, Simulation
Abstract

Health monitoring of rotorcraft components, which is currently being performed by Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) through analyzing vibration signatures of dynamic mechanical components, is very important for their safe and economic operation. Vibration diagnostic algorithms in HUMS analyze vibration signatures associated with faults and quantify them as condition indicators (CI) to predict component behavior. Vibration transfer paths (VTP) play important roles in CI response and are characterized by frequency response functions (FRF) derived from vibration signatures of dynamic mechanical components of a helicopter. With an objective to investigate the difference in VTP of a component in a helicopter and test stand, and to relate that to the CI response, VTP measurements were recorded from 0–50 kHz under similar conditions in the left and right nose gearboxes (NGBs) of an AH-64 Apache and an isolated left NGB in a test stand at NASA Glenn Research Center. The test fixture enabled the application of measured torques – common during an actual operation. Commercial and lab piezo shakers, and an impact hammer were used in both systems to collect the vibration response using two types of commercially available accelerometers under various test conditions. The FRFs of both systems were found to be consistent, and certain real-world installation and maintenance issues, such as sensor alignments, locations and installation torques, had minimal effect on the VTP. However, gear vibration transfer path dynamics appeared to be somewhat dependent on presence of oil, and the lightly-damped ring gear produced sharp and closer transfer path resonances.

Published
2014
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8. A Habitable Fluvio-Lacustrine Environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars

Author

J. P. Grotzinger, D. Y. Sumner, L. C. Kah, K. Stack, S. Gupta, L. Edgar, D. Rubin, K. Lewis, J. Schieber, N. Mangold, R. Milliken, P. G. Conrad, D. DesMarais, J. Farmer, K. Siebach, F. Calef, J. Hurowitz, S. M. McLennan, D. Ming, D. Vaniman, J. Crisp, A. Vasavada, K. S. Edgett, M. Malin, D. Blake, R. Gellert, P. Mahaffy, R. C. Wiens, S. Maurice, J. A. Grant, S. Wilson, R. C. Anderson, L. Beegle, R. Arvidson, B. Hallet, R. S. Sletten, M. Rice, J. Bell, J. Griffes, B. Ehlmann, R. B. Anderson, T. F. Bristow, W. E. Dietrich, G. Dromart, J. Eigenbrode, A. Fraeman, C. Hardgrove, K. Herkenhoff, L. Jandura, G. Kocurek, S. Lee, L. A. Leshin, R. Leveille, D. Limonadi, J. Maki, S. McCloskey, M. Meyer, M. Minitti, H. Newsom, D. Oehler, A. Okon, M. Palucis, T. Parker, S. Rowland, M. Schmidt, S. Squyres, A. Steele, E. Stolper, R. Summons, A. Treiman, R. Williams, A. Yingst, MSL Science Team, Osku Kemppinen, Nathan Bridges, Jeffrey R. Johnson, David Cremers, Austin Godber, Meenakshi Wadhwa, Danika Wellington, Ian McEwan, Claire Newman, Mark Richardson, Antoine Charpentier, Laurent Peret, Penelope King, Jennifer Blank, Gerald Weigle, Shuai Li, Kevin Robertson, Vivian Sun, Michael Baker, Christopher Edwards, Kenneth Farley, Hayden Miller, Megan Newcombe, Cedric Pilorget, Claude Brunet, Victoria Hipkin, Richard Léveillé, Geneviève Marchand, Pablo Sobrón Sánchez, Laurent Favot, George Cody, Lorenzo Flückiger, David Lees, Ara Nefian, Mildred Martin, Marc Gailhanou, Frances Westall, Guy Israël, Christophe Agard, Julien Baroukh, Christophe Donny, Alain Gaboriaud, Philippe Guillemot, Vivian Lafaille, Eric Lorigny, Alexis Paillet, René Pérez, Muriel Saccoccio, Charles Yana, Carlos Armiens-Aparicio, Javier Caride Rodríguez, Isaías Carrasco Blázquez, Felipe Gómez Gómez, Javier Gómez-Elvira, Sebastian Hettrich, Alain Lepinette Malvitte, Mercedes Marín Jiménez, Jesús Martínez-Frías, Javier Martín-Soler, F. Javier Martín-Torres, Antonio Molina Jurado, Luis Mora-Sotomayor, Guillermo Muñoz Caro, Sara Navarro López, Verónica Peinado-González, Jorge Pla-García, José Antonio Rodriguez Manfredi, Julio José Romeral-Planelló, Sara Alejandra Sans Fuentes, Eduardo Sebastian Martinez, Josefina Torres Redondo, Roser Urqui-O’Callaghan, María-Paz Zorzano Mier, Steve Chipera, Jean-Luc Lacour, Patrick Mauchien, Jean-Baptiste Sirven, Heidi Manning, Alberto Fairén, Alexander Hayes, Jonathan Joseph, Robert Sullivan, Peter Thomas, Audrey Dupont, Angela Lundberg, Noureddine Melikechi, Alissa Mezzacappa, Julia DeMarines, David Grinspoon, Günther Reitz, Benito Prats, Evgeny Atlaskin, Maria Genzer, Ari-Matti Harri, Harri Haukka, Henrik Kahanpää, Janne Kauhanen, Mark Paton, Jouni Polkko, Walter Schmidt, Tero Siili, Cécile Fabre, James Wray, Mary Beth Wilhelm, Franck Poitrasson, Kiran Patel, Stephen Gorevan, Stephen Indyk, Gale Paulsen, David Bish, Brigitte Gondet, Yves Langevin, Claude Geffroy, David Baratoux, Gilles Berger, Alain Cros, Claude d’Uston, Olivier Forni, Olivier Gasnault, Jérémie Lasue, Qiu-Mei Lee, Pierre-Yves Meslin, Etienne Pallier, Yann Parot, Patrick Pinet, Susanne Schröder, Mike Toplis, Éric Lewin, Will Brunner, Ezat Heydari, Cherie Achilles, Brad Sutter, Michel Cabane, David Coscia, Cyril Szopa, François Robert, Violaine Sautter, Stéphane Le Mouélic, Marion Nachon, Arnaud Buch, Fabien Stalport, Patrice Coll, Pascaline François, François Raulin, Samuel Teinturier, James Cameron, Sam Clegg, Agnès Cousin, Dorothea DeLapp, Robert Dingler, Ryan Steele Jackson, Stephen Johnstone, Nina Lanza, Cynthia Little, Tony Nelson, Richard B. Williams, Andrea Jones, Laurel Kirkland, Burt Baker, Bruce Cantor, Michael Caplinger, Scott Davis, Brian Duston, Donald Fay, David Harker, Paul Herrera, Elsa Jensen, Megan R. Kennedy, Gillian Krezoski, Daniel Krysak, Leslie Lipkaman, Elaina McCartney, Sean McNair, Brian Nixon, Liliya Posiolova, Michael Ravine, Andrew Salamon, Lee Saper, Kevin Stoiber, Kimberley Supulver, Jason Van Beek, Tessa Van Beek, Robert Zimdar, Katherine Louise French, Karl Iagnemma, Kristen Miller, Fred Goesmann, Walter Goetz, Stubbe Hviid, Micah Johnson, Matthew Lefavor, Eric Lyness, Elly Breves, M. Darby Dyar, Caleb Fassett, Laurence Edwards, Robert Haberle, Tori Hoehler, Jeff Hollingsworth, Melinda Kahre, Leslie Keely, Christopher McKay, Lora Bleacher, William Brinckerhoff, David Choi, Jason P. Dworkin, Melissa Floyd, Caroline Freissinet, James Garvin, Daniel Glavin, Daniel Harpold, David K. Martin, Amy McAdam, Alexander Pavlov, Eric Raaen, Michael D. Smith, Jennifer Stern, Florence Tan, Melissa Trainer, Arik Posner, Mary Voytek, Andrew Aubrey, Alberto Behar, Diana Blaney, David Brinza, Lance Christensen, Lauren DeFlores, Jason Feldman, Sabrina Feldman, Gregory Flesch, Insoo Jun, Didier Keymeulen, Michael Mischna, John Michael Morookian, Betina Pavri, Marcel Schoppers, Aaron Sengstacken, John J. Simmonds, Nicole Spanovich, Manuel de la Torre Juarez, Christopher R. Webster, Albert Yen, Paul Douglas Archer, Francis Cucinotta, John H. Jones, Richard V. Morris, Paul Niles, Elizabeth Rampe, Thomas Nolan, Martin Fisk, Leon Radziemski, Bruce Barraclough, Steve Bender, Daniel Berman, Eldar Noe Dobrea, Robert Tokar, Timothy Cleghorn, Wesley Huntress, Gérard Manhès, Judy Hudgins, Timothy Olson, Noel Stewart, Philippe Sarrazin, Edward Vicenzi, Mark Bullock, Bent Ehresmann, Victoria Hamilton, Donald Hassler, Joseph Peterson, Scot Rafkin, Cary Zeitlin, Fedor Fedosov, Dmitry Golovin, Natalya Karpushkina, Alexander Kozyrev, Maxim Litvak, Alexey Malakhov, Igor Mitrofanov, Maxim Mokrousov, Sergey Nikiforov, Vasily Prokhorov, Anton Sanin, Vladislav Tretyakov, Alexey Varenikov, Andrey Vostrukhin, Ruslan Kuzmin, Benton Clark, Michael Wolff, Oliver Botta, Darrell Drake, Keri Bean, Mark Lemmon, Susanne P. Schwenzer, Ella Mae Lee, Robert Sucharski, Miguel Ángel de Pablo Hernández, Juan José Blanco Ávalos, Miguel Ramos, Myung-Hee Kim, Charles Malespin, Ianik Plante, Jan-Peter Muller, Rafael Navarro-González, Ryan Ewing, William Boynton, Robert Downs, Mike Fitzgibbon, Karl Harshman, Shaunna Morrison, Onno Kortmann, Amy Williams, Günter Lugmair, Michael A. Wilson, Bruce Jakosky, Tonci Balic-Zunic, Jens Frydenvang, Jaqueline Kløvgaard Jensen, Kjartan Kinch, Asmus Koefoed, Morten Bo Madsen, Susan Louise Svane Stipp, Nick Boyd, John L. Campbell, Glynis Perrett, Irina Pradler, Scott VanBommel, Samantha Jacob, Tobias Owen, Hannu Savijärvi, Eckart Boehm, Stephan Böttcher, Sönke Burmeister, Jingnan Guo, Jan Köhler, César Martín García, Reinhold Mueller-Mellin, Robert Wimmer-Schweingruber, John C. Bridges, Timothy McConnochie, Mehdi Benna, Heather Franz, Hannah Bower, Anna Brunner, Hannah Blau, Thomas Boucher, Marco Carmosino, Sushil Atreya, Harvey Elliott, Douglas Halleaux, Nilton Rennó, Michael Wong, Robert Pepin, Beverley Elliott, John Spray, Lucy Thompson, Suzanne Gordon, Ann Ollila, Joshua Williams, Paulo Vasconcelos, Jennifer Bentz, Kenneth Nealson, Radu Popa, Jeffrey Moersch, Christopher Tate, Mackenzie Day, Raymond Francis, Emily McCullough, Ed Cloutis, Inge Loes ten Kate, Daniel Scholes, Susan Slavney, Thomas Stein, Jennifer Ward, Jeffrey Berger, John E. Moores, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley] (EPS), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Department of Earth Science and Technology [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, ASU School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), US Geological Survey [Santa Cruz], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Princeton University, Department of Geological Sciences [Bloomington], Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System-Indiana University System, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geological Sciences [Providence], Brown University, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Geosciences [Stony Brook], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), State University of New York (SUNY), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Department of Physics [Guelph], University of Guelph, Space Remote Sensing Group (ISR-2), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Earth and Planetary Studies [Washington] (CEPS), Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution-Smithsonian Institution, Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Department of Geological Sciences [Austin], Jackson School of Geosciences (JSG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin]-University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Canadian Space Agency (CSA), NASA Headquarters, Institute of Meteoritics [Albuquerque] (IOM), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], University of Hawaii, Brock University [Canada], Cornell University [New York], Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), GeoRessources, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Carnegie Institution for Science, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, and Petrology

Subjects
Geologic Sediments, Salinity, Extraterrestrial Environment, Nitrogen, General Science & Technology, Iron, Curiosity rover, Mars, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Astrobiology, MSL Science Team, Exobiology, MSL, Martian, Multidisciplinary, fluvial-lacustrine environments, Biosphere, Water, Phosphorus, Mars Exploration Program, 15. Life on land, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Carbon, Oxygen, Planetary science, Bays, 13. Climate action, Rocknest, Sample Analysis at Mars, Sedimentary rock, Oxidation-Reduction, Geology, Sulfur, Hydrogen
Abstract

International audience; The Curiosity rover discovered fine-grained sedimentary rocks, which are inferred to represent an ancient lake and preserve evidence of an environment that would have been suited to support a martian biosphere founded on chemolithoautotrophy. This aqueous environment was characterized by neutral pH, low salinity, and variable redox states of both iron and sulfur species. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and phosphorus were measured directly as key biogenic elements; by inference, phosphorus is assumed to have been available. The environment probably had a minimum duration of hundreds to tens of thousands of years. These results highlight the biological viability of fluvial-lacustrine environments in the post-Noachian history of Mars.

Published
2014
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9. Volatile and Organic Compositions of Sedimentary Rocks in Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars

Author

M. A. Meyer, Mark I. Richardson, Robert C. Anderson, Marisa C. Palucis, Sara Navarro Lopez, Rodney C. Ewing, Sanjeev Gupta, Caroline Freissinet, Edward M. Stolper, James F. Bell, M. A. Ravine, I. G. Mitrofanov, Thomas F. Bristow, Dawn Y. Sumner, Joel A. Hurowitz, Robert M. Haberle, Claire E. Newman, Andrew Steele, Muriel Saccoccio, Leslie Keely, E. Pallier, Jason P. Dworkin, Claude Geffroy, Mary A. Voytek, Michael Caplinger, Fred Goesmann, Yann Parot, Maria-Paz Zorzano Mier, A. B. Sanin, S. W. Squyres, Javier Caride Rodriguez, J. L. Griffes, Julio José Romeral-Planello, Jason Feldman, Katherine L. French, V. Sautter, Nicolas Mangold, David L. Bish, Vivian Lafaille, Michael D. Smith, François Raulin, V. Prokhorov, Gilles Berger, S. Slavney, Heather B. Franz, S. Johnstone, Susanne P. Schwenzer, Felipe Gómez, Harri Haukka, Francis A. Cucinotta, J. Hudgins, T. Cleghorn, Pascaline Francois, Alain Lepinette Malvitte, Shuai Li, Paul R. Mahaffy, K. M. Robertson, Bruce M. Jakosky, J. Guo, Juergen Schieber, Rafael Navarro-González, G. J. Flesch, Scott M. McLennan, Jennifer G. Blank, M. Carmosino, Kenneth A. Farley, Yves Langevin, P. D. Archer, A. E. Brunner, M. D. Dyar, S. Le Mouélic, V. Hipkin, Sara Alejandra Sans Fuentes, Kenneth S. Edgett, Sabrina Feldman, Gale Paulsen, Paul Herrera, Alberto G. Fairén, Kirsten L. Siebach, Jan-Peter Muller, M. J. Schoppers, Eldar Noe Dobrea, Nina Lanza, Marc Gailhanou, Genevieve Marchand, Sönke Burmeister, Craig Hardgrove, Justin N. Maki, Ari-Matti Harri, Michael C. Malin, M. J. Wolff, Roger E. Summons, H. Blau, Jacqueline Cameron, Jeff A. Berger, Didier Keymeulen, Agnes Cousin, Guillermo M. Muñoz Caro, Eric Lyness, Cedric Pilorget, Michael B. Baker, Christopher S. Edwards, M. L. Litvak, Brian M. Duston, Rebecca M. E. Williams, T. Nolan, Robert T. Downs, V. E. Hamilton, Walter Goetz, Pamela G. Conrad, J. Baroukh, Nathan T. Bridges, Meenakshi Wadhwa, Roger C. Wiens, Samuel M. Clegg, Philippe Sarrazin, L. Bleacher, Eric Lorigny, Mike Toplis, Michael H. Wong, Timothy H. McConnochie, Ian Mcewan, Kiran Patel, Mary Beth Wilhelm, John P. Grotzinger, Jeffrey E. Moersch, Michael A. Wilson, Mark Paton, I. Plante, Eric Lewin, Franck Poitrasson, Tori M. Hoehler, P. Guillemot, Mackenzie Day, David F. Blake, José Antonio Rodríguez Manfredi, G. W. Lugmair, Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, Dorothy Z. Oehler, Samuel Teinturier, Bent Ehresmann, Jérémie Lasue, K. E. Herkenhoff, Daniel C. Berman, Scott VanBommel, Jeffrey R. Johnson, Emily M. McCullough, A. A. Fraeman, Ezat Heydari, Penelope L. King, K. M. Stack, Diana L. Blaney, A. Salamon, John G. Spray, L. Posiolova, Jeff Hollingsworth, David Choi, Kevin W. Lewis, B. D. Prats, Tonci Balic-Zunic, Mehdi Benna, H. M. Elliott, Jesús Martínez-Frías, R. Mueller-Mellin, William V. Boynton, Lance E. Christensen, Richard Leveille, John A. Grant, David E. Harker, J. M. Morookian, Caleb I. Fassett, S. Jacob, Donald Fay, R. Perez, Horton E. Newsom, Morten Madsen, M. G. Trainer, G. Israel, B. E. Nixon, Claude d’Uston, John E. Moores, Olivier Gasnault, Daniel J. Krysak, Vladislav Tretyakov, G. M. Perrett, Andrew D. Aubrey, L. E. Kirkland, F. Stalport, B. L. Barraclough, Alain Cros, Stephan Böttcher, Michel Cabane, William B. Brinckerhoff, Jack D. Farmer, James J. Wray, P. Y. Meslin, Arnaud Buch, Allan H. Treiman, S. C. R. Rafkin, B. C. Clark, Noureddine Melikechi, R. Jackson, Luther W. Beegle, Angela Lundberg, Bethany L. Ehlmann, William E. Dietrich, Karl Iagnemma, K. Supulver, Radu Popa, R. Zimdar, Melissa Floyd, Wesley T. Huntress, Paul B. Niles, D. M. Delapp, C. N.. Achilles, Darrell Drake, T. Nelson, Alain Gaboriaud, Verónica Peinado-Gonzalez, Edward P. Vicenzi, T. Boucher, Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, C. Tate, David J. Des Marais, F. Javier Martin-Torres, Antoine Charpentier, Chris Webster, Mildred P. Martin, Robert M. Sucharski, Lucy M. Thompson, Cyril Szopa, D. Halleaux, Antonio Molina Jurado, Richard V. 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Lyon (ENS Lyon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), and Kruch, Catherine

Subjects
Geologic Sediments, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Extraterrestrial Environment, Curiosity rover, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mineralogy, [SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars, Sulfides, 01 natural sciences, organic compositions, Bassanite, 0103 physical sciences, Exobiology, [SDU.ASTR.SR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, MSL, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Total organic carbon, Martian, mudstone samples, Volatile Organic Compounds, Multidisciplinary, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Water, Mars Exploration Program, Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen, Bays, 13. Climate action, Rocknest, Sample Analysis at Mars, Sedimentary rock, Pyrolysis
Abstract

H 2 O, CO 2 , SO 2 , O 2 , H 2 , H 2 S, HCl, chlorinated hydrocarbons, NO, and other trace gases were evolved during pyrolysis of two mudstone samples acquired by the Curiosity rover at Yellowknife Bay within Gale crater, Mars. H 2 O/OH-bearing phases included 2:1 phyllosilicate(s), bassanite, akaganeite, and amorphous materials. Thermal decomposition of carbonates and combustion of organic materials are candidate sources for the CO 2 . Concurrent evolution of O 2 and chlorinated hydrocarbons suggests the presence of oxychlorine phase(s). Sulfides are likely sources for sulfur-bearing species. Higher abundances of chlorinated hydrocarbons in the mudstone compared with Rocknest windblown materials previously analyzed by Curiosity suggest that indigenous martian or meteoritic organic carbon sources may be preserved in the mudstone; however, the carbon source for the chlorinated hydrocarbons is not definitively of martian origin.

Published
2014
Full Text
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10. Mars' surface radiation environment measured with the Mars science laboratory's curiosity rover

Author

Donald M. Hassler, Cary Zeitlin, Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, Bent Ehresmann, Scot Rafkin, Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, David E. Brinza, Gerald Weigle, Stephan Böttcher, Eckart Böhm, Soenke Burmeister, Jingnan Guo, Jan Köhler, Cesar Martin, Guenther Reitz, Francis A. Cucinotta, Myung-Hee Kim, David Grinspoon, Mark A. Bullock, Arik Posner, Javier Gómez-Elvira, Ashwin Vasavada, John P. Grotzinger, MSL Science Team, Osku Kemppinen, David Cremers, James F. Bell, Lauren Edgar, Jack Farmer, Austin Godber, Meenakshi Wadhwa, Danika Wellington, Ian McEwan, Claire Newman, Mark Richardson, Antoine Charpentier, Laurent Peret, Penelope King, Jennifer Blank, Mariek Schmidt, Shuai Li, Ralph Milliken, Kevin Robertson, Vivian Sun, Michael Baker, Christopher Edwards, Bethany Ehlmann, Kenneth Farley, Jennifer Griffes, Hayden Miller, Megan Newcombe, Cedric Pilorget, Melissa Rice, Kirsten Siebach, Katie Stack, Edward Stolper, Claude Brunet, Victoria Hipkin, Richard Léveillé, Geneviève Marchand, Pablo Sobrón Sánchez, Laurent Favot, George Cody, Andrew Steele, Lorenzo Flückiger, David Lees, Ara Nefian, Mildred Martin, Marc Gailhanou, Frances Westall, Guy Israël, Christophe Agard, Julien Baroukh, Christophe Donny, Alain Gaboriaud, Philippe Guillemot, Vivian Lafaille, Eric Lorigny, Alexis Paillet, René Pérez, Muriel Saccoccio, Charles Yana, Carlos Armiens‐Aparicio, Javier Caride Rodríguez, Isaías Carrasco Blázquez, Felipe Gómez Gómez, Sebastian Hettrich, Alain Lepinette Malvitte, Mercedes Marín Jiménez, Jesús Martínez-Frías, Javier Martín-Soler, F. Javier Martín-Torres, Antonio Molina Jurado, Luis Mora-Sotomayor, Guillermo Muñoz Caro, Sara Navarro López, Verónica Peinado-González, Jorge Pla-García, José Antonio Rodriguez Manfredi, Julio José Romeral-Planelló, Sara Alejandra Sans Fuentes, Eduardo Sebastian Martinez, Josefina Torres Redondo, Roser Urqui-O'Callaghan, María-Paz Zorzano Mier, Steve Chipera, Jean-Luc Lacour, Patrick Mauchien, Jean-Baptiste Sirven, Heidi Manning, Alberto Fairén, Alexander Hayes, Jonathan Joseph, Steven Squyres, Robert Sullivan, Peter Thomas, Audrey Dupont, Angela Lundberg, Noureddine Melikechi, Alissa Mezzacappa, Thomas Berger, Daniel Matthia, Benito Prats, Evgeny Atlaskin, Maria Genzer, Ari-Matti Harri, Harri Haukka, Henrik Kahanpää, Janne Kauhanen, Mark Paton, Jouni Polkko, Walter Schmidt, Tero Siili, Cécile Fabre, James Wray, Mary Beth Wilhelm, Franck Poitrasson, Kiran Patel, Stephen Gorevan, Stephen Indyk, Gale Paulsen, Sanjeev Gupta, David Bish, Juergen Schieber, Brigitte Gondet, Yves Langevin, Claude Geffroy, David Baratoux, Gilles Berger, Alain Cros, Claude d’Uston, Olivier Forni, Olivier Gasnault, Jérémie Lasue, Qiu-Mei Lee, Sylvestre Maurice, Pierre-Yves Meslin, Etienne Pallier, Yann Parot, Patrick Pinet, Susanne Schröder, Mike Toplis, Éric Lewin, Will Brunner, Ezat Heydari, Cherie Achilles, Dorothy Oehler, Brad Sutter, Michel Cabane, David Coscia, Cyril Szopa, Gilles Dromart, François Robert, Violaine Sautter, Stéphane Le Mouélic, Nicolas Mangold, Marion Nachon, Arnaud Buch, Fabien Stalport, Patrice Coll, Pascaline François, François Raulin, Samuel Teinturier, James Cameron, Sam Clegg, Agnès Cousin, Dorothea DeLapp, Robert Dingler, Ryan Steele Jackson, Stephen Johnstone, Nina Lanza, Cynthia Little, Tony Nelson, Roger C. Wiens, Richard B. Williams, Andrea Jones, Laurel Kirkland, Allan Treiman, Burt Baker, Bruce Cantor, Michael Caplinger, Scott Davis, Brian Duston, Kenneth Edgett, Donald Fay, Craig Hardgrove, David Harker, Paul Herrera, Elsa Jensen, Megan R. Kennedy, Gillian Krezoski, Daniel Krysak, Leslie Lipkaman, Michael Malin, Elaina McCartney, Sean McNair, Brian Nixon, Liliya Posiolova, Michael Ravine, Andrew Salamon, Lee Saper, Kevin Stoiber, Kimberley Supulver, Jason Van Beek, Tessa Van Beek, Robert Zimdar, Katherine Louise French, Karl Iagnemma, Kristen Miller, Roger Summons, Fred Goesmann, Walter Goetz, Stubbe Hviid, Micah Johnson, Matthew Lefavor, Eric Lyness, Elly Breves, M. Darby Dyar, Caleb Fassett, David F. Blake, Thomas Bristow, David DesMarais, Laurence Edwards, Robert Haberle, Tori Hoehler, Jeff Hollingsworth, Melinda Kahre, Leslie Keely, Christopher McKay, Lora Bleacher, William Brinckerhoff, David Choi, Pamela Conrad, Jason P. Dworkin, Melissa Floyd, Caroline Freissinet, James Garvin, Daniel Glavin, Daniel Harpold, Paul Mahaffy, David K. Martin, Amy McAdam, Alexander Pavlov, Eric Raaen, Michael D. Smith, Jennifer Stern, Florence Tan, Melissa Trainer, Michael Meyer, Mary Voytek, Robert C. Anderson, Andrew Aubrey, Luther W. Beegle, Alberto Behar, Diana Blaney, Fred Calef, Lance Christensen, Joy A. Crisp, Lauren DeFlores, Jason Feldman, Sabrina Feldman, Gregory Flesch, Joel Hurowitz, Insoo Jun, Didier Keymeulen, Justin Maki, Michael Mischna, John Michael Morookian, Timothy Parker, Betina Pavri, Marcel Schoppers, Aaron Sengstacken, John J. Simmonds, Nicole Spanovich, Manuel de la Torre Juarez, Christopher R. Webster, Albert Yen, Paul Douglas Archer, John H. Jones, Douglas Ming, Richard V. Morris, Paul Niles, Elizabeth Rampe, Thomas Nolan, Martin Fisk, Leon Radziemski, Bruce Barraclough, Steve Bender, Daniel Berman, Eldar Noe Dobrea, Robert Tokar, David Vaniman, Rebecca M. E. Williams, Aileen Yingst, Kevin Lewis, Laurie Leshin, Timothy Cleghorn, Wesley Huntress, Gérard Manhès, Judy Hudgins, Timothy Olson, Noel Stewart, Philippe Sarrazin, John Grant, Edward Vicenzi, Sharon A. Wilson, Victoria Hamilton, Joseph Peterson, Fedor Fedosov, Dmitry Golovin, Natalya Karpushkina, Alexander Kozyrev, Maxim Litvak, Alexey Malakhov, Igor Mitrofanov, Maxim Mokrousov, Sergey Nikiforov, Vasily Prokhorov, Anton Sanin, Vladislav Tretyakov, Alexey Varenikov, Andrey Vostrukhin, Ruslan Kuzmin, Benton Clark, Michael Wolff, Scott McLennan, Oliver Botta, Darrell Drake, Keri Bean, Mark Lemmon, Susanne P. Schwenzer, Ryan B. Anderson, Kenneth Herkenhoff, Ella Mae Lee, Robert Sucharski, Miguel Ángel de Pablo Hernández, Juan José Blanco Ávalos, Miguel Ramos, Charles Malespin, Ianik Plante, Jan-Peter Muller, Rafael Navarro-González, Ryan Ewing, William Boynton, Robert Downs, Mike Fitzgibbon, Karl Harshman, Shaunna Morrison, William Dietrich, Onno Kortmann, Marisa Palucis, Dawn Y. Sumner, Amy Williams, Günter Lugmair, Michael A. Wilson, David Rubin, Bruce Jakosky, Tonci Balic-Zunic, Jens Frydenvang, Jaqueline Kløvgaard Jensen, Kjartan Kinch, Asmus Koefoed, Morten Bo Madsen, Susan Louise Svane Stipp, Nick Boyd, John L. Campbell, Ralf Gellert, Glynis Perrett, Irina Pradler, Scott VanBommel, Samantha Jacob, Tobias Owen, Scott Rowland, Hannu Savijärvi, César Martín García, Reinhold Mueller-Mellin, John C. Bridges, Timothy McConnochie, Mehdi Benna, Heather Franz, Hannah Bower, Anna Brunner, Hannah Blau, Thomas Boucher, Marco Carmosino, Sushil Atreya, Harvey Elliott, Douglas Halleaux, Nilton Rennó, Michael Wong, Robert Pepin, Beverley Elliott, John Spray, Lucy Thompson, Suzanne Gordon, Horton Newsom, Ann Ollila, Joshua Williams, Paulo Vasconcelos, Jennifer Bentz, Kenneth Nealson, Radu Popa, Linda C. Kah, Jeffrey Moersch, Christopher Tate, Mackenzie Day, Gary Kocurek, Bernard Hallet, Ronald Sletten, Raymond Francis, Emily McCullough, Ed Cloutis, Inge Loes ten Kate, Raymond Arvidson, Abigail Fraeman, Daniel Scholes, Susan Slavney, Thomas Stein, Jennifer Ward, Jeffrey Berger, John E. Moores, NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, Petrology, Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Kiel University, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), German Aerospace Center (DLR), University of Nevada [Reno], Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Denver Museum of Nature and Science, NASA Headquarters, Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), GeoRessources, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
Extraterrestrial Environment, Surface Properties, Mars, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Cosmic ray, Radiation Dosage, Exploration of Mars, Astrobiology, Martian surface, Exobiology, galactic cosmic rays, solar energetic particles, Mars Science Laboratory’s Curiosity rover, Humans, Organic Chemicals, Particle radiation, Martian, Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD), Multidisciplinary, Mars Exploration Program, Space Flight, Radiation assessment detector, 13. Climate action, Health threat from cosmic rays, Deinococcus, Cosmic Radiation
Abstract

International audience; The Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) on the Mars Science Laboratory's Curiosity rover began making detailed measurements of the cosmic ray and energetic particle radiation environment on the surface of Mars on 7 August 2012. We report and discuss measurements of the absorbed dose and dose equivalent from galactic cosmic rays and solar energetic particles on the martian surface for similar to 300 days of observations during the current solar maximum. These measurements provide insight into the radiation hazards associated with a human mission to the surface of Mars and provide an anchor point with which to model the subsurface radiation environment, with implications for microbial survival times of any possible extant or past life, as well as for the preservation of potential organic biosignatures of the ancient martian environment.

Published
2014
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11. Isotope ratios of H, C, and O in CO2 and H2O of the martian atmosphere

Author

Chris R, Webster, Paul R, Mahaffy, Gregory J, Flesch, Paul B, Niles, John H, Jones, Laurie A, Leshin, Sushil K, Atreya, Jennifer C, Stern, Lance E, Christensen, Tobias, Owen, Heather, Franz, Robert O, Pepin, Andrew, Steele, Cherie, Achilles, Christophe, Agard, José Alexandre, Alves Verdasca, Robert, Anderson, Ryan, Anderson, Doug, Archer, Carlos, Armiens-Aparicio, Ray, Arvidson, Evgeny, Atlaskin, Andrew, Aubrey, Burt, Baker, Michael, Baker, Tonci, Balic-Zunic, David, Baratoux, Julien, Baroukh, Bruce, Barraclough, Keri, Bean, Luther, Beegle, Alberto, Behar, James, Bell, Steve, Bender, Mehdi, Benna, Jennifer, Bentz, Gilles, Berger, Jeff, Berger, Daniel, Berman, David, Bish, David F, Blake, Juan J, Blanco Avalos, Diana, Blaney, Jen, Blank, Hannah, Blau, Lora, Bleacher, Eckart, Boehm, Oliver, Botta, Stephan, Böttcher, Thomas, Boucher, Hannah, Bower, Nick, Boyd, Bill, Boynton, Elly, Breves, John, Bridges, Nathan, Bridges, William, Brinckerhoff, David, Brinza, Thomas, Bristow, Claude, Brunet, Anna, Brunner, Will, Brunner, Arnaud, Buch, Mark, Bullock, Sönke, Burmeister, Michel, Cabane, Fred, Calef, James, Cameron, John, Campbell, Bruce, Cantor, Michael, Caplinger, Javier, Caride Rodríguez, Marco, Carmosino, Isaías, Carrasco Blázquez, Antoine, Charpentier, Steve, Chipera, David, Choi, Benton, Clark, Sam, Clegg, Timothy, Cleghorn, Ed, Cloutis, George, Cody, Patrice, Coll, Pamela, Conrad, David, Coscia, Agnès, Cousin, David, Cremers, Joy, Crisp, Alain, Cros, Frank, Cucinotta, Claude, d'Uston, Scott, Davis, Mackenzie, Day, Manuel, de la Torre Juarez, Lauren, DeFlores, Dorothea, DeLapp, Julia, DeMarines, David, DesMarais, William, Dietrich, Robert, Dingler, Christophe, Donny, Bob, Downs, Darrell, Drake, Gilles, Dromart, Audrey, Dupont, Brian, Duston, Jason, Dworkin, M Darby, Dyar, Lauren, Edgar, Kenneth, Edgett, Christopher, Edwards, Laurence, Edwards, Bethany, Ehlmann, Bent, Ehresmann, Jen, Eigenbrode, Beverley, Elliott, Harvey, Elliott, Ryan, Ewing, Cécile, Fabre, Alberto, Fairén, Ken, Farley, Jack, Farmer, Caleb, Fassett, Laurent, Favot, Donald, Fay, Fedor, Fedosov, Jason, Feldman, Sabrina, Feldman, Marty, Fisk, Mike, Fitzgibbon, Melissa, Floyd, Lorenzo, Flückiger, Olivier, Forni, Abby, Fraeman, Raymond, Francis, Pascaline, François, Caroline, Freissinet, Katherine Louise, French, Jens, Frydenvang, Alain, Gaboriaud, Marc, Gailhanou, James, Garvin, Olivier, Gasnault, Claude, Geffroy, Ralf, Gellert, Maria, Genzer, Daniel, Glavin, Austin, Godber, Fred, Goesmann, Walter, Goetz, Dmitry, Golovin, Felipe, Gómez Gómez, Javier, Gómez-Elvira, Brigitte, Gondet, Suzanne, Gordon, Stephen, Gorevan, John, Grant, Jennifer, Griffes, David, Grinspoon, John, Grotzinger, Philippe, Guillemot, Jingnan, Guo, Sanjeev, Gupta, Scott, Guzewich, Robert, Haberle, Douglas, Halleaux, Bernard, Hallet, Vicky, Hamilton, Craig, Hardgrove, David, Harker, Daniel, Harpold, Ari-Matti, Harri, Karl, Harshman, Donald, Hassler, Harri, Haukka, Alex, Hayes, Ken, Herkenhoff, Paul, Herrera, Sebastian, Hettrich, Ezat, Heydari, Victoria, Hipkin, Tori, Hoehler, Jeff, Hollingsworth, Judy, Hudgins, Wesley, Huntress, Joel, Hurowitz, Stubbe, Hviid, Karl, Iagnemma, Steve, Indyk, Guy, Israël, Ryan, Jackson, Samantha, Jacob, Bruce, Jakosky, Elsa, Jensen, Jaqueline Kløvgaard, Jensen, Jeffrey, Johnson, Micah, Johnson, Steve, Johnstone, Andrea, Jones, Jonathan, Joseph, Insoo, Jun, Linda, Kah, Henrik, Kahanpää, Melinda, Kahre, Natalya, Karpushkina, Wayne, Kasprzak, Janne, Kauhanen, Leslie, Keely, Osku, Kemppinen, Didier, Keymeulen, Myung-Hee, Kim, Kjartan, Kinch, Penny, King, Laurel, Kirkland, Gary, Kocurek, Asmus, Koefoed, Jan, Köhler, Onno, Kortmann, Alexander, Kozyrev, Jill, Krezoski, Daniel, Krysak, Ruslan, Kuzmin, Jean Luc, Lacour, Vivian, Lafaille, Yves, Langevin, Nina, Lanza, Jeremie, Lasue, Stéphane, Le Mouélic, Ella Mae, Lee, Qiu-Mei, Lee, David, Lees, Matthew, Lefavor, Mark, Lemmon, Alain, Lepinette Malvitte, Richard, Léveillé, Éric, Lewin-Carpintier, Kevin, Lewis, Shuai, Li, Leslie, Lipkaman, Cynthia, Little, Maxim, Litvak, Eric, Lorigny, Guenter, Lugmair, Angela, Lundberg, Eric, Lyness, Morten, Madsen, Justin, Maki, Alexey, Malakhov, Charles, Malespin, Michael, Malin, Nicolas, Mangold, Gérard, Manhes, Heidi, Manning, Geneviève, Marchand, Mercedes, Marín Jiménez, César, Martín García, Dave, Martin, Mildred, Martin, Jesús, Martínez-Frías, Javier, Martín-Soler, F Javier, Martín-Torres, Patrick, Mauchien, Sylvestre, Maurice, Amy, McAdam, Elaina, McCartney, Timothy, McConnochie, Emily, McCullough, Ian, McEwan, Christopher, McKay, Scott, McLennan, Sean, McNair, Noureddine, Melikechi, Pierre-Yves, Meslin, Michael, Meyer, Alissa, Mezzacappa, Hayden, Miller, Kristen, Miller, Ralph, Milliken, Douglas, Ming, Michelle, Minitti, Michael, Mischna, Igor, Mitrofanov, Jeff, Moersch, Maxim, Mokrousov, Antonio, Molina Jurado, John, Moores, Luis, Mora-Sotomayor, John Michael, Morookian, Richard, Morris, Shaunna, Morrison, Reinhold, Mueller-Mellin, Jan-Peter, Muller, Guillermo, Muñoz Caro, Marion, Nachon, Sara, Navarro López, Rafael, Navarro-González, Kenneth, Nealson, Ara, Nefian, Tony, Nelson, Megan, Newcombe, Claire, Newman, Horton, Newsom, Sergey, Nikiforov, Brian, Nixon, Eldar, Noe Dobrea, Thomas, Nolan, Dorothy, Oehler, Ann, Ollila, Timothy, Olson, Miguel Ángel, de Pablo Hernández, Alexis, Paillet, Etienne, Pallier, Marisa, Palucis, Timothy, Parker, Yann, Parot, Kiran, Patel, Mark, Paton, Gale, Paulsen, Alex, Pavlov, Betina, Pavri, Verónica, Peinado-González, Laurent, Peret, Rene, Perez, Glynis, Perrett, Joe, Peterson, Cedric, Pilorget, Patrick, Pinet, Jorge, Pla-García, Ianik, Plante, Franck, Poitrasson, Jouni, Polkko, Radu, Popa, Liliya, Posiolova, Arik, Posner, Irina, Pradler, Benito, Prats, Vasily, Prokhorov, Sharon Wilson, Purdy, Eric, Raaen, Leon, Radziemski, Scot, Rafkin, Miguel, Ramos, Elizabeth, Rampe, François, Raulin, Michael, Ravine, Günther, Reitz, Nilton, Rennó, Melissa, Rice, Mark, Richardson, François, Robert, Kevin, Robertson, José Antonio, Rodriguez Manfredi, Julio J, Romeral-Planelló, Scott, Rowland, David, Rubin, Muriel, Saccoccio, Andrew, Salamon, Jennifer, Sandoval, Anton, Sanin, Sara Alejandra, Sans Fuentes, Lee, Saper, Philippe, Sarrazin, Violaine, Sautter, Hannu, Savijärvi, Juergen, Schieber, Mariek, Schmidt, Walter, Schmidt, Daniel, Scholes, Marcel, Schoppers, Susanne, Schröder, Susanne, Schwenzer, Eduardo, Sebastian Martinez, Aaron, Sengstacken, Ruslan, Shterts, Kirsten, Siebach, Tero, Siili, Jeff, Simmonds, Jean-Baptiste, Sirven, Susie, Slavney, Ronald, Sletten, Michael, Smith, Pablo, Sobrón Sánchez, Nicole, Spanovich, John, Spray, Steven, Squyres, Katie, Stack, Fabien, Stalport, Thomas, Stein, Noel, Stewart, Susan Louise Svane, Stipp, Kevin, Stoiber, Ed, Stolper, Bob, Sucharski, Rob, Sullivan, Roger, Summons, Dawn, Sumner, Vivian, Sun, Kimberley, Supulver, Brad, Sutter, Cyril, Szopa, Florence, Tan, Christopher, Tate, Samuel, Teinturier, Inge, ten Kate, Peter, Thomas, Lucy, Thompson, Robert, Tokar, Mike, Toplis, Josefina, Torres Redondo, Melissa, Trainer, Allan, Treiman, Vladislav, Tretyakov, Roser, Urqui-O'Callaghan, Jason, Van Beek, Tessa, Van Beek, Scott, VanBommel, David, Vaniman, Alexey, Varenikov, Ashwin, Vasavada, Paulo, Vasconcelos, Edward, Vicenzi, Andrey, Vostrukhin, Mary, Voytek, Meenakshi, Wadhwa, Jennifer, Ward, Eddie, Weigle, Danika, Wellington, Frances, Westall, Roger Craig, Wiens, Mary Beth, Wilhelm, Amy, Williams, Joshua, Williams, Rebecca, Williams, Richard B, Williams, Mike, Wilson, Robert, Wimmer-Schweingruber, Mike, Wolff, Mike, Wong, James, Wray, Megan, Wu, Charles, Yana, Albert, Yen, Aileen, Yingst, Cary, Zeitlin, Robert, Zimdar, and María-Paz, Zorzano Mier

Subjects
Atmosphere, Martian, chemistry.chemical_compound, Multidisciplinary, Meteorite, chemistry, Stable isotope ratio, Sample Analysis at Mars, Carbonate, Mars Exploration Program, Atmosphere of Mars, Astrobiology
Abstract

Mars' Atmosphere from Curiosity The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument on the Curiosity rover that landed on Mars in August last year is designed to study the chemical and isotopic composition of the martian atmosphere. Mahaffy et al. (p. 263 ) present volume-mixing ratios of Mars' five major atmospheric constituents (CO 2 , Ar, N 2 , O 2 , and CO) and isotope measurements of 40 Ar/ 36 Ar and C and O in CO 2 , based on data from one of SAM's instruments, obtained between 31 August and 21 November 2012. Webster et al. (p. 260 ) used data from another of SAM's instruments obtained around the same period to determine isotope ratios of H, C, and O in atmospheric CO 2 and H 2 O. Agreement between the isotopic ratios measured by SAM with those of martian meteorites, measured in laboratories on Earth, confirms the origin of these meteorites and implies that the current atmospheric reservoirs of CO 2 and H 2 O were largely established after the period of early atmospheric loss some 4 billion years ago.

Published
2013

12. The Sample Analysis at Mars Investigation and Instrument Suite

Author

David Martin, Michel Cabane, Tobias Owen, John H. Jones, Ryan M. Miller, Greg Flesch, Florence Tan, James J. Wray, L. Bleacher, Didier Keymeulen, Cyril Szopa, E. Raaen, Douglas W. Ming, Paul R. Mahaffy, Robert A. Chalmers, Douglas L. Hawk, Curt Baffes, Laurie A. Leshin, Pamela G. Conrad, Oren E. Sheinman, Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, Robert Kline-Schoder, Paul Sorensen, D. Sheppard, Mark Cascia, Gregory Frazier, Daniel P. Glavin, Richard V. Morris, Arnaud Buch, Christopher P. McKay, Rafael Navarro-González, Charles Malespin, Patrice Coll, Rodger Farley, Christopher S. Johnson, Chris Webster, Cindy Gundersen, Bruce M. Jakosky, Daniel Carignan, Paula Everson, Heather B. Franz, Jason Feldman, Steve Woodward, Ray Garcia, Andrea Jones, Eric Lyness, Ken Arnett, Samuel Teinturier, Melissa G. Trainer, Mehdi Benna, Alexander A. Pavlov, E. Mumm, Steven W. Squyres, Marvin Noriega, James W. Kellogg, Jesse Lewis, Oliver Botta, David Coscia, H. L. K. Manning, John Maurer, Charles Edmonson, Steven Feng, Caroline Freissinet, Siamak Forouhar, Andrew Steele, Robert Arvey, Jason P. Dworkin, Douglas McLennan, Stephen Gorevan, Jennifer C. Stern, François Raulin, James Smith, Patrick R. Jordan, Sushil K. Atreya, Robert Sternberg, B. D. Prats, Therese Errigo, Bruce P. Block, T. Nolan, Michael Barciniak, D. N. Harpold, Vincent Holmes, William B. Brinckerhoff, Amy McAdam, Steve Battel, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, AMU Engineering, Inc., Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Swiss Space Office Bern (SSO), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Troy, NY], Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Battel Engineering, Inc., Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Concordia College, Moorhead, Department of Astronomy [Ithaca], Cornell University [New York], Laboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios [Mexico], Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Ecole Centrale Paris, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Physics Research Laboratory [Ann Arbor] (SPRL), IMPEC - LATMOS, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cornell University, Carnegie Institution for Science, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] ( AOSS ), NASA Johnson Space Center ( JSC ), Swiss Space Office Bern ( SSO ), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Troy], Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute ( RPI ), University of Hawaii at Manoa ( UHM ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México ( UNAM ) -Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México ( UNAM ), NASA Ames Research Center ( ARC ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Space Physics Research Laboratory [Ann Arbor] ( SPRL )

Subjects
Volatiles, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gas chromatography mass spectrometry, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Habitability, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars, Life on Mars, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, Laboratory, Atmosphere, Isotopes, 0103 physical sciences, Organic compounds, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Quadrupole mass analyzer, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Spectrometer, [ SDU.ASTR.IM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mars Exploration Program, Curiosity Rover, Gale crater, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Noble gases, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [ PHYS.ASTR.EP ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Rocknest, Sample Analysis at Mars, Measuring instrument, Environmental science, Evolved gas analysis, [ PHYS.ASTR.IM ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

International audience; The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) investigation of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) addresses the chemical and isotopic composition of the atmosphere and volatiles extracted from solid samples. The SAM investigation is designed to contribute substantially to the mission goal of quantitatively assessing the habitability of Mars as an essential step in the search for past or present life on Mars. SAM is a 40 kg instrument suite located in the interior of MSL's Curiosity rover. The SAM instruments are a quadrupole mass spectrometer, a tunable laser spectrometer, and a 6-column gas chromatograph all coupled through solid and gas processing systems to provide complementary information on the same samples. The SAM suite is able to measure a suite of light isotopes and to analyze volatiles directly from the atmosphere or thermally released from solid samples. In addition to measurements of simple inorganic compounds and noble gases SAM will conduct a sensitive search for organic compounds with either thermal or chemical extraction from sieved samples delivered by the sample processing system on the Curiosity rover's robotic arm.

Published
2012
Full Text
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13. The Sample Analysis at Mars Investigation and Instrument Suite

Author

Paul R. Mahaffy, Christopher R. Webster, Michel Cabane, Pamela G. Conrad, Patrice Coll, Sushil K. Atreya, Robert Arvey, Michael Barciniak, Mehdi Benna, Lora Bleacher, William B. Brinckerhoff, Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, Daniel Carignan, Mark Cascia, Robert A. Chalmers, Jason P. Dworkin, Therese Errigo, Paula Everson, Heather Franz, Rodger Farley, Steven Feng, Gregory Frazier, Caroline Freissinet, Daniel P. Glavin, Daniel N. Harpold, Douglas Hawk, Vincent Holmes, Christopher S. Johnson, Andrea Jones, Patrick Jordan, James Kellogg, Jesse Lewis, Eric Lyness, Charles A. Malespin, David K. Martin, John Maurer, Amy C. McAdam, Douglas McLennan, Thomas J. Nolan, Marvin Noriega, Alexander A. Pavlov, Benito Prats, Eric Raaen, Oren Sheinman, David Sheppard, James Smith, Jennifer C. Stern, Florence Tan, Melissa Trainer, Douglas W. Ming, Richard V. Morris, John Jones, Cindy Gundersen, Andrew Steele, James Wray, Oliver Botta, Laurie A. Leshin, Tobias Owen, Steve Battel, Bruce M. Jakosky, Heidi Manning, Steven Squyres, Rafael Navarro-González, Christopher P. McKay, Francois Raulin, Robert Sternberg, Arnaud Buch, Paul Sorensen, Robert Kline-Schoder, David Coscia, Cyril Szopa, Samuel Teinturier, Curt Baffes, Jason Feldman, Greg Flesch, Siamak Forouhar, Ray Garcia, Didier Keymeulen, Steve Woodward, Bruce P. Block, Ken Arnett, Ryan Miller, Charles Edmonson, Stephen Gorevan, and Erik Mumm

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Published
2012
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14. Near real-time, autonomous detection of marine bacterioplankton on a coastal mooring in Monterey Bay, California, using rRNA-targeted DNA probes

Author

Eugene Massion, Edward F. DeLong, Roman Marin, Kevin R. Wheeler, Marcelino T. Suzuki, Jason Feldman, Scott Jensen, Christopher A. Scholin, Christina M. Preston, and James M. Birch

Subjects
Cyanobacteria, In situ, biology, Bacteria, Ecology, Hybridization probe, fungi, Alphaproteobacteria, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Bacterioplankton, Ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, Microarray Analysis, Microbiology, Archaea, Sensitivity and Specificity, California, RNA, Bacterial, Biochemistry, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Seawater, DNA Probes, Bay, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

A sandwich hybridization assay (SHA) was developed to detect 16S rRNAs indicative of phylogenetically distinct groups of marine bacterioplankton in a 96-well plate format as well as low-density arrays printed on a membrane support. The arrays were used in a field-deployable instrument, the Environmental Sample Processor (ESP). The SHA employs a chaotropic buffer for both cell homogenization and hybridization, thus target sequences are captured directly from crude homogenates. Capture probes for seven of nine different bacterioplankton clades examined reacted specifically when challenged with target and non-target 16S rRNAs derived from in vitro transcribed 16S rRNA genes cloned from natural samples. Detection limits were between 0.10-1.98 and 4.43- 12.54 fmole ml(-1) homogenate for the 96-well plate and array SHA respectively. Arrays printed with five of the bacterioplankton-specific capture probes were deployed on the ESP in Monterey Bay, CA, twice in 2006 for a total of 25 days and also utilized in a laboratory time series study. Groups detected included marine alphaproteobacteria, SAR11, marine cyanobacteria, marine group I crenarchaea, and marine group II euryarchaea. To our knowledge this represents the first report of remote in situ DNA probe-based detection of marine bacterioplankton.

Published
2009

15. Contactless conductivity detector for microchip capillary electrophoresis

Author

Steffen Hardt, Jason Feldman, Joseph Wang, František Opekar, Ivan Jelínek, Martin Pumera, and Holger Löwe

Subjects
Detection limit, Anions, Miniaturization, Conductometry, Chemistry, Thermal conductivity detector, Microfluidics, Detector, Analytical chemistry, Electric Conductivity, Electrophoresis, Capillary, Conductivity, Analytical Chemistry, Capillary electrophoresis, Cations, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Electrodes
Abstract

A microfabricated electrophoresis chip with an integrated contactless conductivity detection system is described. The new contactless conductivity microchip detector is based on placing two planar sensing aluminum film electrodes on the outer side of a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microchip (without contacting the solution) and measuring the impedance of the solution in the separation channel. The contactless route obviates problems (e.g., fouling, unwanted reactions) associated with the electrode-solution contact, offers isolation of the detection system from high separation fields, does not compromise the separation efficiency, and greatly simplifies the detector fabrication. Relevant experimental variables, such as the frequency and amplitude of the applied ac voltage or the separation voltage, were examined and optimized. The detector performance was illustrated by the separation of potassium, sodium, barium, and lithium cations and the chloride, sulfate, fluoride, acetate, and phosphate anions. The response was linear (over the 20 microM-7 mM range) and reproducible (RSD = 3.4-4.9%; n = 10), with detection limits of 2.8 and 6.4 microM (for potassium and chloride, respectively). The advantages associated with the contactless conductivity detection, along with the low cost of the integrated PMMA chip/detection system, should enhance the power and scope of microfluidic analytical devices.

Published
2002

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