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Gardner's equation has been discussed in the article for finding new solitary wave solutions. Three efficient integration techniques, namely, the Kudryashov's R function method, the generalized projective Ricatti method and $ \frac{G'}{G^2} $-expansion method are implemented to obtain new dark soliton, bright soliton, singular soliton, and combo soliton solutions. Moreover, some of the obtained solutions are graphically depicted by using $ 3 $D-surface plots and the corresponding $ 2 $D-contour graphs.

The contribution of nanoparticles is important to enhance energy resources and improve the efficiency of solar management systems. Owing to impressive thermal consequences, various applications of nanoparticles are observed in engineering processes, chemical and mechanical industries, thermal systems and many more. It is further emphasized that the decomposition of nanoparticles with non-Newtonian materials is more dynamic from an application point of view. The current research communicates the improvement in thermal transportation phenomenon due to interaction of nanoparticles along with decomposing of third-grade base fluid. The nanofluid is immersed with microorganism to justify the applications of bioconvection. The thermal observations are carried out with the existence of some extra thermal consequences like activation energy and radiative phenomenon with nonlinear approach. The modified relations of Fourier and Fick theories have been used to entertain the thermal results. The confined flow is due to the accelerated regime with stretching characteristics. The dynamical system is formulated with the attention of partial differential equations. The physical impact of parameters is addressed for specific range of parameters like [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. The analytical outcomes are listed via homotopy analysis scheme. The role of parameters fluctuating in the various profiles is graphically observed. The results conveyed via the current model are effective in enhancing the thermal processes, solar systems, heat transfer, control of cooling and heating phenomenon, biofuels, fertilizers, etc.

Despite the recent advancements in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, the delayed patient arrival to emergency department or hospital serve as crucial factor for the selection of appropriate intervention program. This study was aimed to identify factors associated with late hospital arrival for patients with acute ischemic stroke in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out at Al-Noor Specialist Hospital among 98 enrolled patients with the mean age of 60.4 ± 10.3 years over the period of March 2019 and June 2019. The data were collected through review of patient records and interview of patients and attendants. Fifty-four of these (55%) presented early (within 4.5 hours) and 44 (45%) presented late (after 4.5 hours). Factor associated with late arrival included low educational level (P = .01) and unemployment status (P = .033). The relationship between time of presentation and computed tomography findings showed statis,tically significant relationship between the former and early computed tomography findings (P = .017). A statistically significant relationship between time of presentation and knowledge of stroke was also observed (P = .013). Increased public awareness is important in order to minimize the time between stroke onset and emergency room presentation.

Nora AlFaris,1 Jozaa ALTamimi,1 Nora AlKehayez,1 Fatema AlMushawah,2 AbdulRhman AlNaeem,2 Nadia AlAmri,3 Ebtisam AlMudawah,3 Malak Alsemari,4 Jawaher Alzahrani,5 Layla Alqahtani II,6 Wedad Alenazi,2 Ashwaq Almuteb II,3 Hessa Alotibi3 1Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAAUH),Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5Ministry of Health (Saudi Arabia), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 6King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Nora AlFaris; Jozaa ALTamimiPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi ArabiaEmail naalfaris@pnu.edu.sa; Jzaltamimi@pnu.edu.saBackground: Iron deficiency is known to be the most common nutritional disorder. About 30% of the world’s population is iron deficient (ID). Women are more likely to be exposed to anemia than men, which is an epidemic public health problem.Objective: A cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors among non-pregnant women in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Methods: Non-pregnant women (n = 250) aged 20– 65 years were involved in this study. Sociodemographic, nutritional status, menstrual history, anthropometric and haematological properties were calculated. Anaemia proxies including haemoglobin (HB), serum ferritin (IDA), Haematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were determined as well as BMI.Results: The respondents were varied according to demographic factors and according to anemia proxies, the majority of them suffered from anemia. The Student’s t-test analysis showed that the average daily food intake was lower than that of the dietary requirement intake (DRI). Correlation and logistic regression analysis between sociodemographic factors and anemia proxies revealed that most of such factors significantly and negatively affected anemia proxies. Moreover, the correlation of daily food intake and anemia proxies showed that the nutrients responsible for the improvement of anemia proxies were not taken in sufficient amount as indicated by a significant and positive correlation.Conclusion: In conclusion, various factors including demographic factors, daily food intake appeared to be associated with anemia proxies, which are the most important risk factor for anemia among non-pregnant women in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Keywords: anemia, nutrient deficiency, dietary intake, hemoglobin, anthropometric