Search

Your search keyword '"Jeff McMahon"' showing total 242 results
Start Over Author "Jeff McMahon"
242 results on '"Jeff McMahon"'

1. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Cosmology from Cross-correlations of unWISE Galaxies and ACT DR6 CMB Lensing

Author

Gerrit S. Farren, Alex Krolewski, Niall MacCrann, Simone Ferraro, Irene Abril-Cabezas, Rui An, Zachary Atkins, Nicholas Battaglia, J. Richard Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Omar Darwish, Mark J. Devlin, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, J. Colin Hill, Matt Hilton, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Joshua Kim, Thibaut Louis, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Gabriela A. Marques, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Frank J. Qu, Emmanuel Schaan, Neelima Sehgal, Blake D. Sherwin, Cristóbal Sifón, Suzanne T. Staggs, Alexander Van Engelen, Cristian Vargas, Lukas Wenzl, Martin White, and Edward J. Wollack

Subjects
Observational cosmology, Sigma8, Cosmological parameters from large-scale structure, Cosmic microwave background radiation, Weak gravitational lensing, Large-scale structure of the universe, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We present tomographic measurements of structure growth using cross-correlations of Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR6 and Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing maps with the unWISE Blue and Green galaxy samples, which span the redshift ranges 0.2 ≲ z ≲ 1.1 and 0.3 ≲ z ≲ 1.8, respectively. We improve on prior unWISE cross-correlations not just by making use of the new, high-precision ACT DR6 lensing maps, but also by including additional spectroscopic data for redshift calibration and by analyzing our measurements with a more flexible theoretical model. We determine the amplitude of matter fluctuations at low redshifts ( z ≃ 0.2–1.6), finding ${S}_{8}\equiv {\sigma }_{8}{({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{m}/0.3)}^{0.5}=0.813\pm 0.021$ using the ACT cross-correlation alone and S _8 = 0.810 ± 0.015 with a combination of Planck and ACT cross-correlations; these measurements are fully consistent with the predictions from primary CMB measurements assuming standard structure growth. The addition of baryon acoustic oscillation data breaks the degeneracy between σ _8 and Ω _m , allowing us to measure σ _8 = 0.813 ± 0.020 from the cross-correlation of unWISE with ACT and σ _8 = 0.813 ± 0.015 from the combination of cross-correlations with ACT and Planck. These results also agree with the expectations from primary CMB extrapolations in ΛCDM cosmology; the consistency of σ _8 derived from our two redshift samples at z ∼ 0.6 and 1.1 provides a further check of our cosmological model. Our results suggest that structure formation on linear scales is well described by ΛCDM even down to low redshifts z ≲ 1.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Mitigating the Impact of Extragalactic Foregrounds for the DR6 Cosmic Microwave Background Lensing Analysis

Author

Niall MacCrann, Blake D. Sherwin, Frank J. Qu, Toshiya Namikawa, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Irene Abril-Cabezas, Rui An, Jason E. Austermann, Nicholas Battaglia, Elia S. Battistelli, James A. Beall, Boris Bolliet, J. Richard Bond, Hongbo Cai, Erminia Calabrese, William R. Coulton, Omar Darwish, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Gerrit S. Farren, Simone Ferraro, Joseph E. Golec, Yilun Guan, Dongwon Han, Carlos Hervías-Caimapo, J. Colin Hill, Matt Hilton, Renée Hložek, Johannes Hubmayr, Joshua Kim, Zack Li, Arthur Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Jeff McMahon, Gabriela A. Marques, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman Page, Bruce Partridge, Emmanuel Schaan, Neelima Sehgal, Cristóbal Sifón, Edward J. Wollack, Maria Salatino, Joel N. Ullom, Jeff Van Lanen, Alexander Van Engelen, and Lukas Wenzl

Subjects
Cosmology, Large-scale structure of the universe, Weak gravitational lensing, Cosmic microwave background radiation, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We investigate the impact and mitigation of extragalactic foregrounds for the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing power spectrum analysis of Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) data release 6 (DR6) data. Two independent microwave sky simulations are used to test a range of mitigation strategies. We demonstrate that finding and then subtracting point sources, finding and then subtracting models of clusters, and using a profile bias-hardened lensing estimator together reduce the fractional biases to well below statistical uncertainties, with the inferred lensing amplitude, A _lens , biased by less than 0.2 σ . We also show that another method where a model for the cosmic infrared background (CIB) contribution is deprojected and high-frequency data from Planck is included has similar performance. Other frequency-cleaned options do not perform as well, either incurring a large noise cost or resulting in biased recovery of the lensing spectrum. In addition to these simulation-based tests, we also present null tests on the ACT DR6 data for sensitivity of our lensing spectrum estimation to differences in foreground levels between the two ACT frequencies used, while nulling the CMB lensing signal. These tests pass whether the nulling is performed at the map or bandpower level. The CIB-deprojected measurement performed on the DR6 data is consistent with our baseline measurement, implying that contamination from the CIB is unlikely to significantly bias the DR6 lensing spectrum. This collection of tests gives confidence that the ACT DR6 lensing measurements and cosmological constraints presented in companion papers to this work are robust to extragalactic foregrounds.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map and Cosmological Parameters

Author

Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Frank J. Qu, Blake D. Sherwin, Niall MacCrann, Yaqiong Li, Irene Abril-Cabezas, Peter A. R. Ade, Simone Aiola, Tommy Alford, Mandana Amiri, Stefania Amodeo, Rui An, Zachary Atkins, Jason E. Austermann, Nicholas Battaglia, Elia Stefano Battistelli, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Benjamin Beringue, Tanay Bhandarkar, Emily Biermann, Boris Bolliet, J Richard Bond, Hongbo Cai, Erminia Calabrese, Victoria Calafut, Valentina Capalbo, Felipe Carrero, Anthony Challinor, Grace E. Chesmore, Hsiao-mei Cho, Steve K. Choi, Susan E. Clark, Rodrigo Córdova Rosado, Nicholas F. Cothard, Kevin Coughlin, William Coulton, Kevin T. Crowley, Roohi Dalal, Omar Darwish, Mark J. Devlin, Simon Dicker, Peter Doze, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Valentina Fanfani, Max Fankhanel, Gerrit Farren, Simone Ferraro, Rodrigo Freundt, Brittany Fuzia, Patricio A. Gallardo, Xavier Garrido, Jahmour Givans, Vera Gluscevic, Joseph E. Golec, Yilun Guan, Kirsten R. Hall, Mark Halpern, Dongwon Han, Ian Harrison, Matthew Hasselfield, Erin Healy, Shawn Henderson, Brandon Hensley, Carlos Hervías-Caimapo, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hložek, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Zachary B. Huber, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Kent Irwin, Giovanni Isopi, Hidde T. Jense, Ben Keller, Joshua Kim, Kenda Knowles, Brian J. Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Darby Kramer, Aleksandra Kusiak, Adrien La Posta, Alex Lague, Victoria Lakey, Eunseong Lee, Zack Li, Michele Limon, Martine Lokken, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Amanda MacInnis, Diego Maldonado, Felipe Maldonado, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Gabriela A. Marques, Jeff McMahon, Yogesh Mehta, Felipe Menanteau, Kavilan Moodley, Thomas W. Morris, Tony Mroczkowski, Sigurd Naess, Toshiya Namikawa, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Andrina Nicola, Michael D. Niemack, Michael R. Nolta, John Orlowski-Scherer, Lyman A. Page, Shivam Pandey, Bruce Partridge, Heather Prince, Roberto Puddu, Federico Radiconi, Naomi Robertson, Felipe Rojas, Tai Sakuma, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Shabbir Shaikh, Carlos Sierra, Jon Sievers, Cristóbal Sifón, Sara Simon, Rita Sonka, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Emilie Storer, Eric R. Switzer, Niklas Tampier, Robert Thornton, Hy Trac, Jesse Treu, Carole Tucker, Joel Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Alexander Van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Joshiwa van Marrewijk, Cristian Vargas, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Kasey Wagoner, Yuhan Wang, Lukas Wenzl, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Fernando Zago, and Kaiwen Zheng

Subjects
Cosmology, Observational cosmology, Cosmic microwave background radiation, Large-scale structure of the universe, Cosmological neutrinos, Particle astrophysics, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map covering 9400 deg ^2 reconstructed from measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) made by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2017 to 2021. In combination with measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations and big bang nucleosynthesis, we obtain the clustering amplitude σ _8 = 0.819 ± 0.015 at 1.8% precision, ${S}_{8}\equiv {\sigma }_{8}{({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{m}}}/0.3)}^{0.5}=0.840\pm 0.028$ , and the Hubble constant H _0 = (68.3 ± 1.1) km s ^−1 Mpc ^−1 at 1.6% precision. A joint constraint with Planck CMB lensing yields σ _8 = 0.812 ± 0.013, ${S}_{8}\equiv {\sigma }_{8}{({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{m}}}/0.3)}^{0.5}=0.831\pm 0.023$ , and H _0 = (68.1 ± 1.0) km s ^−1 Mpc ^−1 . These measurements agree with ΛCDM extrapolations from the CMB anisotropies measured by Planck. We revisit constraints from the KiDS, DES, and HSC galaxy surveys with a uniform set of assumptions and find that S _8 from all three are lower than that from ACT+Planck lensing by levels ranging from 1.7 σ to 2.1 σ . This motivates further measurements and comparison, not just between the CMB anisotropies and galaxy lensing but also between CMB lensing probing z ∼ 0.5–5 on mostly linear scales and galaxy lensing at z ∼ 0.5 on smaller scales. We combine with CMB anisotropies to constrain extensions of ΛCDM, limiting neutrino masses to ∑ m _ν < 0.13 eV (95% c.l.), for example. We describe the mass map and related data products that will enable a wide array of cross-correlation science. Our results provide independent confirmation that the universe is spatially flat, conforms with general relativity, and is described remarkably well by the ΛCDM model, while paving a promising path for neutrino physics with lensing from upcoming ground-based CMB surveys.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the DR6 CMB Lensing Power Spectrum and Its Implications for Structure Growth

Author

Frank J. Qu, Blake D. Sherwin, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Dongwon Han, Kevin T. Crowley, Irene Abril-Cabezas, Peter A. R. Ade, Simone Aiola, Tommy Alford, Mandana Amiri, Stefania Amodeo, Rui An, Zachary Atkins, Jason E. Austermann, Nicholas Battaglia, Elia Stefano Battistelli, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Benjamin Beringue, Tanay Bhandarkar, Emily Biermann, Boris Bolliet, J Richard Bond, Hongbo Cai, Erminia Calabrese, Victoria Calafut, Valentina Capalbo, Felipe Carrero, Julien Carron, Anthony Challinor, Grace E. Chesmore, Hsiao-mei Cho, Steve K. Choi, Susan E. Clark, Rodrigo Córdova Rosado, Nicholas F. Cothard, Kevin Coughlin, William Coulton, Roohi Dalal, Omar Darwish, Mark J. Devlin, Simon Dicker, Peter Doze, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Valentina Fanfani, Max Fankhanel, Gerrit Farren, Simone Ferraro, Rodrigo Freundt, Brittany Fuzia, Patricio A. Gallardo, Xavier Garrido, Vera Gluscevic, Joseph E. Golec, Yilun Guan, Mark Halpern, Ian Harrison, Matthew Hasselfield, Erin Healy, Shawn Henderson, Brandon Hensley, Carlos Hervías-Caimapo, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hložek, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Zachary B. Huber, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Kent Irwin, Giovanni Isopi, Hidde T. Jense, Ben Keller, Joshua Kim, Kenda Knowles, Brian J. Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Darby Kramer, Aleksandra Kusiak, Adrien La Posta, Alex Lague, Victoria Lakey, Eunseong Lee, Zack Li, Yaqiong Li, Michele Limon, Martine Lokken, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Niall MacCrann, Amanda MacInnis, Diego Maldonado, Felipe Maldonado, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Gabriela A. Marques, Jeff McMahon, Yogesh Mehta, Felipe Menanteau, Kavilan Moodley, Thomas W. Morris, Tony Mroczkowski, Sigurd Naess, Toshiya Namikawa, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Andrina Nicola, Michael D. Niemack, Michael R. Nolta, John Orlowski-Scherer, Lyman A. Page, Shivam Pandey, Bruce Partridge, Heather Prince, Roberto Puddu, Federico Radiconi, Naomi Robertson, Felipe Rojas, Tai Sakuma, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Shabbir Shaikh, Carlos Sierra, Jon Sievers, Cristóbal Sifón, Sara Simon, Rita Sonka, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Emilie Storer, Eric R. Switzer, Niklas Tampier, Robert Thornton, Hy Trac, Jesse Treu, Carole Tucker, Joel Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Alexander Van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Joshiwa van Marrewijk, Cristian Vargas, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Kasey Wagoner, Yuhan Wang, Lukas Wenzl, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Fernando Zago, and Kaiwen Zheng

Subjects
Cosmological parameters, Cosmological parameters from large-scale structure, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We present new measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing over 9400 deg ^2 of the sky. These lensing measurements are derived from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 6 (DR6) CMB data set, which consists of five seasons of ACT CMB temperature and polarization observations. We determine the amplitude of the CMB lensing power spectrum at 2.3% precision (43 σ significance) using a novel pipeline that minimizes sensitivity to foregrounds and to noise properties. To ensure that our results are robust, we analyze an extensive set of null tests, consistency tests, and systematic error estimates and employ a blinded analysis framework. Our CMB lensing power spectrum measurement provides constraints on the amplitude of cosmic structure that do not depend on Planck or galaxy survey data, thus giving independent information about large-scale structure growth and potential tensions in structure measurements. The baseline spectrum is well fit by a lensing amplitude of A _lens = 1.013 ± 0.023 relative to the Planck 2018 CMB power spectra best-fit ΛCDM model and A _lens = 1.005 ± 0.023 relative to the ACT DR4 + WMAP best-fit model. From our lensing power spectrum measurement, we derive constraints on the parameter combination ${S}_{8}^{\mathrm{CMBL}}\equiv {\sigma }_{8}{\left({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{m}/0.3\right)}^{0.25}$ of ${S}_{8}^{\mathrm{CMBL}}=0.818\pm 0.022$ from ACT DR6 CMB lensing alone and ${S}_{8}^{\mathrm{CMBL}}=0.813\pm 0.018$ when combining ACT DR6 and Planck NPIPE CMB lensing power spectra. These results are in excellent agreement with ΛCDM model constraints from Planck or ACT DR4 + WMAP CMB power spectrum measurements. Our lensing measurements from redshifts z ∼ 0.5–5 are thus fully consistent with ΛCDM structure growth predictions based on CMB anisotropies probing primarily z ∼ 1100. We find no evidence for a suppression of the amplitude of cosmic structure at low redshifts.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Systematic Transient Search of 3 Day Maps

Author

Yaqiong Li, Emily Biermann, Sigurd Naess, Simone Aiola, Rui An, Nicholas Battaglia, Tanay Bhandarkar, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Kevin T. Crowley, Mark Devlin, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Patricio A. Gallardo, Yilun Guan, Carlos Hervías-Caimapo, Adam D. Hincks, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Arthur Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Jeff McMahon, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, John Orlowski-Scherer, Lyman Page, Maria Salatino, Cristóbal Sifón, Suzanne T. Staggs, Cristian Vargas, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Yuhan Wang, and Edward J. Wollack

Subjects
Transient sources, Stellar flares, Cosmic microwave background radiation, Asteroids, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We conduct a systematic search for transients in 3 yr of data (2017–2019) from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). ACT covers 40% of the sky at three bands spanning from 77–277 GHz. Analysis of 3 day mean-subtracted sky maps, which were match filtered for point sources, yielded 29 transient detections. Eight of these transients are due to known asteroids, and three others were previously published. Four of these events occur in areas with poor noise models and thus we cannot be confident they are real transients. We are left with 14 new transient events occurring at 11 unique locations. All of these events are associated with either rotationally variable stars or cool stars. Ten events have flat or falling spectra indicating radiation from synchrotron emission. One event has a rising spectrum indicating a different engine for the flare.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Simons Observatory: Characterizing the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver with Radio Holography

Author

Grace. E. Chesmore, Kathleen Harrington, Carlos E. Sierra, Patricio A. Gallardo, Shreya Sutariya, Tommy Alford, Alexandre E. Adler, Tanay Bhandarkar, Gabriele Coppi, Nadia Dachlythra, Joseph Golec, Jon Gudmundsson, Saianeesh K. Haridas, Bradley R. Johnson, Anna M. Kofman, Jeffrey Iuliano, Jeff McMahon, Michael D. Niemack, John Orlowski-Scherer, Karen Perez Sarmiento, Roberto Puddu, Max Silva-Feaver, Sara M. Simon, Julia Robe, Edward J. Wollack, and Zhilei Xu

Subjects
Optics, Instrumentation and Photography
Abstract

We present near-field radio holography measurements of the Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope Receiver optics. These measurements demonstrate that radio holography of complex millimeter-wave optical systems comprising cryogenic lenses, filters, and feed horns can provide detailed characterization of wave propagation before deployment. We used the measured amplitude and phase, at 4 K, of the receiver near-field beam pattern to predict two key performance parameters: 1) the amount of scattered light that will spill past the telescope to 300 K and 2) the beam pattern expected from the receiver when fielded on the telescope. These cryogenic measurements informed the removal of a filter, which led to improved optical efficiency and reduced sidelobes at the exit of the receiver. Holography measurements of this system suggest that the spilled power past the telescope mirrors will be less than 1%, and the main beam with its near sidelobes are consistent with the nominal telescope design. This is the first time such parameters have been confirmed in the lab prior to deployment of a new receiver. This approach is broadly applicable to millimeter and submillimeter instruments.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A search for Planet 9

Author

Sigurd Naess, Simone Aiola, Nick Battaglia, Richard J. Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Nicholas F. Cothard, Mark Halpern, J. Colin Hill, Brian J. Koopman, Mark Devlin, Jeff McMahon, Simon Dicker, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Valentina Fanfani, Simone Ferraro, Patricio A. Gallardo, Yilun Guan, Dongwon Han, Matthew Hasselfield, Adam D. Hincks, Kevin Huffenberger, Arthur B. Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Amanda Macinnis, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman Page, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, John Orlowski-Scherer, Alessandro Schillaci, Benjamin Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Cristóbal Sifón, Suzanne Staggs, Alexander Van Engelen, and Edward J Wollack

Subjects
Astrophysics, Astronomy
Abstract

We use Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) observations at 98 GHz (2015–2019), 150 GHz (2013–2019), and 229 GHz (2017–2019) to perform a blind shift-and-stack search for Planet 9. The search explores distances from 300 au to 2000 au and velocities up to 6\farcm3 per year, depending on the distance (r). For a 5 Earth-mass Planet 9 the detection limit varies from 325 au to 625 au, depending on the sky location. For a 10 Earth-mass planet the corresponding range is 425 au to 775 au. The predicted aphelion and most likely location of the planet corresponds to the shallower end of these ranges. The search covers the whole 18,000 square degrees of the ACT survey. No significant detections are found, which is used to place limits on the millimeter-wave flux density of Planet 9 over much of its orbit. Overall we eliminate roughly 17% and 9% of the parameter space for a 5 and 10 Earth-mass Planet 9, respectively. These bounds approach those of a recent INPOP19a ephemeris-based analysis, but do not exceed it. We also provide a list of the 10 strongest candidates from the search for possible follow-up. More generally, we exclude (at 95% confidence) the presence of an unknown solar system object within our survey area brighter than 4–12 mJy (depending on position) at 150 GHz with current distance 300 au < r < 600 au and heliocentric angular velocity 1\farcm5 per yr < v x (500au/r) < 2\farcs3 per yr, corresponding to low-to-moderate eccentricities. These limits worsen gradually beyond 600 au, reaching 5–15 mJy by 1500 au.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Combined kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich measurements from BOSS CMASS and LOWZ halos

Author

Emmanuel Schaan, Simone Ferraro, Stefania Amodeo, Nicholas Battaglia, Simone Aiola, Jason E. Austermann, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Daniel T. Becker, Richard J. Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Victoria Calafut, Steve K. Choi, Edward V. Denison, Mark J. Devlin, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Patricio A. Gallardo, Yilun Guan, Dongwon Han, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Renée Hložek, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Brian J. Koopman, Amanda MacInnis, Jeff McMahon, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Kavilan Moodley, Tony Mroczkowski, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Laura B. Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Maria Salatino, Neelima Sehgal, Alessandro Schillaci, Cristóbal Sifón, Kendrick M. Smith, David N. Spergel, Suzanne Staggs, Emilie R. Storer, Hy Trac, Joel N. Ullom, Jeff Van Lanen, Leila R. Vale, Alexander van Engelen, Mariana Vargas Magaña, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Edward J. Wollack, and Zhilei Xu

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR4 maps and cosmological parameters

Author

Simone Aiola, Erminia Calabrese, Loic Maurin, Sigurd Naess, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Maximilian H. Abitbol, Graeme E. Addison, Peter A. R. Ade, David Alonso, Mandana Amiri, Stefania Amodeo, Elio Angile, Jason E. Austermann, Taylor Baildon, Nick Battaglia, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Daniel T. Becker, J Richard Bond, Sarah Marie Bruno, Victoria Calafut, Luis E. Campusano, Felipe Carrero, Grace E. Chesmore, Hsiao-mei Cho, Steve K. Choi, Susan E. Clark, Nicholas F. Cothard, Devin Crichton, Kevin T. Crowley, Omar Darwish, Rahul Datta, Edward V. Denison, Mark J. Devlin, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dunner, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, Max Fankhanel, Simone Ferraro, Anna E. Fox, Brittany Fuzia, Patricio A. Gallardo, Vera Gluscevic, Joseph E. Golec, Emily Grace, Megan Gralla, Yilun Guan, 8 Mark Halpern, Dongwon Han, Peter Hargrave, Matthew Hasselfield, Jakob M. Helton, Shawn Henderson, Brandon Hensley, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renee Hlozek, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Leopoldo Infante, Kent Irwin, Rebecca Jackson, Jeff Klein, Kenda Knowles, Brian Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Vincent Lakey, Dale Li, Yaqiong Li, Zack Li, Martine Lokken, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Amanda MacInnis, Mathew Madhavacheril, Felipe Maldonado, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Danica Marsden, Jeff McMahon, Felipe Menanteau, Kavilan Moodley, Tim Morton, Toshiya Namikawa, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, John P. Nibarger, Andrina Nicola, Michael D. Niemack, Michael R. Nolta, John Orlowski-Sherer, Lyman A. Page, Christine G. Pappas, Bruce Partridge, Phumlani Phakathi, Giampaolo Pisano, Heather Prince, Roberto Puddu, Frank J. Qu, Jesus Rivera, Naomi Robertson, Felipe Rojas, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Alessandro Schillaci, Neelima Sehgal, Blake D. Sherwin, Carlos Sierra, Jon Sievers, Cristobal Sifon, Precious Sikhosana, Sara Simon, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Jason Stevens, Emilie Storer, Dhaneshwar D. Sunder, Eric R. Switzer, Ben Thorne, Robert Thornton, Hy Trac, Jesse Treu, Carole Tucker, Leila R. Vale, Alexander Van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Kasey Wagoner, Yuhan Wang, Jonathan T. Ward, Edward J Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Fernando Zago, and Ningfeng Zhu

Subjects
Astrophysics, Physics Of Elementary Particles And Fields
Abstract

We present new arcminute-resolution maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization anisotropy from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, using data taken from 2013{2016 at 98 and 150 GHz. The maps cover more than 17,000 deg(^2), the deepest 600 deg(^2) with noise levels below 10µK-arcmin. We use the power spectrum derived from almost 6,000 deg(^2) of these maps to constrain cosmology. The ACT data enable a measurement of the angular scale of features in both the divergence-like polarization and the temperature anisotropy, tracing both the velocity and density at last-scattering. From these one can derive the distance to the last-scattering surface and thus infer the local expansion rate, H0. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP we measure H0 = 67:6±1:1 km/s/Mpc, at 68% confidence, in excellent agreement with the independently measured Planck satellite estimate (from ACT alone we find H0 = 67:9± 1:5 km/s/Mpc). The ΛCDM model provides a good fit to the ACT data, and we find no evidence for deviations: both the spatial curvature, and the departure from the standard lensing signal in the spectrum, are zero to within 1σ; the number of relativistic species, the primordial Helium fraction, and the running of the spectral index are consistent with ΛCDM predictions to within 1.5{2.2σ. We compare ACT, WMAP, and Planck at the parameter level and find good consistency; we investigate how the constraints on the correlated spectral index and baryon density parameters readjust when adding CMB large-scale information that ACT does not measure. The DR4 products presented here will be publicly released on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: arcminute-resolution maps of 18,000 square degrees of the microwave sky from ACT 2008-2018 data combined with Planck

Author

Sigurd Naess, Simone Aiola, Jason E. Austermann, Nick Battaglia, James A. Beall, Daniel T. Becker, Richard J. Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Nicholas F. Cothard, Kevin T. Crowley, Omar Darwish, Rahul Datta, Edward V. Denison, Mark Devlin, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dunner, Anna E. Fox, Patricio A. Gallardo, Mark Halpern, Dongwon Han, Matthew Hasselfield, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renee Hlozek, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Arthur B. Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Federico Nati, John P. Nibarger, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman Page, Bruce Partridge, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Alessandro Schillaci, Benjamin Schmitt, Blake D. Sherwin, Neelima Sehgal, Cristobal Sifon, David Spergel, Suzanne Staggs, Jason Stevens, Emilie Storer, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Alexander Van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Edward J Wollack, and Zhilei Xu

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

This paper presents a maximum-likelihood algorithm for combining sky maps with disparate sky coverage, angular resolution and spatially varying anisotropic noise into a single map of the sky. We use this to merge hundreds of individual maps covering the 2008–2018 ACT observing seasons, resulting in by far the deepest ACT maps released so far. We also combine the maps with the full Planck maps, resulting in maps that have the best features of both Planck and ACT: Planck’s nearly white noise on intermediate and large angular scales and ACT’s high-resolution and sensitivity on small angular scales. The maps cover over 18 000 square degrees, nearly half the full sky, at 100, 150 and 220 GHz. They reveal 4 000 optically-confirmed clusters through the Sunyaev Zel’dovich effect (SZ) and 18 500 point source candidates at > 5σ, the largest single collection of SZ clusters and millimeter wave sources to date. The multi-frequency maps provide millimeter images of nearby galaxies and individual Milky Way nebulae, and even clear detections of several nearby stars. Other anticipated uses of these maps include, for example, thermal SZ and kinematic SZ cluster stacking, CMB cluster lensing and galactic dust science. The method itself has negligible bias. However, due to the preliminary nature of some of the component data sets, we caution that these maps should not be used for precision cosmological analysis. The maps are part of ACT DR5, and will be made available on LAMBDA no later than three months after the journal publication of this article, along with an interactive sky atlas.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Constraining Cosmic Microwave Background Temperature Evolution With Sunyaev–Zel’Dovich Galaxy Clusters from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope

Author

Yunyang 云炀 Li 李, Adam D. Hincks, Stefania Amodeo, Elia S. Battistelli, J. Richard Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Mark J. Devlin, Jo Dunkley, Simone Ferraro, Vera Gluscevic, Yilun Guan, Mark Halpern, Matt Hilton, Renee Hlozek, Tobias A. Marriage, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, John Orlowski-Scherer, Lyman Page, Bruce Partridge, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Alessandro Schillaci, Neelima Sehgal, Cristóbal Sifón, Suzanne T. Staggs, Alexander van Engelen, Edward J. Wollack, and Zhilei Xu

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Microwave Intensity and Polarization Maps of the Galactic Center

Author

Yilun Guan, Susan E. Clark, Brandon S. Hensley, Patricio A. Gallardo, Sigurd Naess, Cody J. Duell, Simone Aiola, Zachary Atkins, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Nicholas F. Cothard, Mark Devlin, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Simone Ferraro, Matthew Hasselfield, John P. Hughes, Brian J. Koopman, Arthur B. Kosowsky, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Jeff McMahon, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Neelima Sehgal, Cristóbal Sifón, Suzanne Staggs, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Edward J. Wollack, and Zhilei Xu

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Sidelobe Modeling and Mitigation for a Three Mirror Anastigmat Cosmic Microwave Background Telescope

Author

Ian Gullett, Bradford Benson, Robert Besuner, Richard Bihary, John Carlstrom, Nick Emerson, Patricio A. Gallardo, Jillian Gomez, Cesiley L. King, Jeff McMahon, Jared L. May, Johanna M. Nagy, Tyler Natoli, Michael D. Niemack, Kate Okun, Stephen Padin, John E. Ruhl, Edward J. Wollack, and Jeff Zivick

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Engineering (miscellaneous), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

Telescopes measuring cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization on large angular scales require exquisite control of systematic errors to ensure the fidelity of the cosmological results. In particular, far-sidelobe contamination from wide angle scattering is a potentially prominent source of systematic error for large aperture microwave telescopes. Here we describe and demonstrate a ray-tracing-based modeling technique to predict far sidelobes for a Three Mirror Anistigmat (TMA) telescope designed to observe the CMB from the South Pole. Those sidelobes are produced by light scattered in the receiver optics subsequently interacting with the walls of the surrounding telescope enclosure. After comparing simulated sidelobe maps and angular power spectra for different enclosure wall treatments, we propose a highly scattering surface that would provide more than an order of magnitude reduction in the degree-scale far-sidelobe contrast compared to a typical reflective surface. We conclude by discussing the fabrication of a prototype scattering wall panel and presenting measurements of its angular scattering profile., 14 pages, 8 figures

Published
2023

14. Erratum: Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Modeling the gas thermodynamics in BOSS CMASS galaxies from kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich measurements [Phys. Rev. D 103 , 063514 (2021)]

Author

Stefania Amodeo, Nicholas Battaglia, Emmanuel Schaan, Simone Ferraro, Emily Moser, Simone Aiola, Jason E. Austermann, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Daniel T. Becker, Richard J. Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Victoria Calafut, Steve K. Choi, Edward V. Denison, Mark Devlin, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Patricio A. Gallardo, Kirsten R. Hall, Dongwon Han, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Renée Hložek, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Brian J. Koopman, Amanda MacInnis, Jeff McMahon, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Kavilan Moodley, Tony Mroczkowski, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Laura B. Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Alessandro Schillaci, Neelima Sehgal, Cristóbal Sifón, David N. Spergel, Suzanne Staggs, Emilie R. Storer, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Alexander van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Edward J. Wollack, and Zhilei Xu

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Simons Observatory: broadband metamaterial antireflection cuttings for large-aperture alumina optics

Author

Joseph E. Golec, Shreya Sutariya, Rebecca Jackson, Jerry Zimmerman, Simon R. Dicker, Jeffrey Iuliano, Jeff McMahon, Giuseppe Puglisi, Carole Tucker, and Edward J. Wollack

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Engineering (miscellaneous), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract

We present the design, fabrication, and measured performance of metamaterial Anti-Reflection Cuttings (ARCs) for large-format alumina filters operating over more than an octave of bandwidth to be deployed on the Simons Observatory (SO). The ARC consists of sub-wavelength features diced into the optic's surface using a custom dicing saw with near-micron accuracy. The designs achieve percent-level control over reflections at angles of incidence up to 20$^\circ$. The ARCs were demonstrated on four 42 cm diameter filters covering the 75-170 GHz band and a 50 mm diameter prototype covering the 200-300 GHz band. The reflection and transmission of these samples were measured using a broadband coherent source that covers frequencies from 20 GHz to 1.2 THz. These measurements demonstrate percent-level control over reflectance across the targeted pass-bands and a rapid reduction in transmission as the wavelength approaches the length scale of the metamaterial structure where scattering dominates the optical response. The latter behavior enables the use of the metamaterial ARC as a scattering filter in this limit., 9 pages, 8 figures, published in Applied Optics

Published
2023

16. The Simons Observatory: science goals andforecasts

Author

Peter Ade, James Aguirre, Zeeshan Ahmed, Simone Aiola, Aamir Ali, David Alonso, Marcelo A. Alvarez, Kam Arnold, Peter Ashton, Jason Austermann, Humna Awan, Carlo Baccigalupi, Taylor Baildon, Darcy Barron, Nick Battaglia, Richard Battye, Eric Baxter, Andrew Bazarko, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Dominic Beck, Shawn Beckman, Benjamin Beringue, Federico Bianchini, Steven Boada, David Boettger, J. Richard Bond, Julian Borrill, Michael L. Brown, Sarah Marie Bruno, Sean Bryan, Erminia Calabrese, Victoria Calafut, Paolo Calisse, Julien Carron, Anthony Challinor, Grace Chesmore, Yuji Chinone, Jens Chluba, Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho, Steve Choi, Gabriele Coppi, Nicholas F. Cothard, Kevin Coughlin, Devin Crichton, Kevin D. Crowley, Kevin T. Crowley, Ari Cukierman, John M. D'Ewart, Rolando Dünner, Tijmen de Haan, Mark Devlin, Simon Dicker, Joy Didier, Matt Dobbs, Bradley Dober, Cody J. Duell, Shannon Duff, Adri Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, John Dusatko, Josquin Errard, Giulio Fabbian, Stephen Feeney, Simone Ferraro, Pedro Fluxà, Katherine Freese, Josef C. Frisch, Andrei Frolov, George Fuller, Brittany Fuzia, Nicholas Galitzki, Patricio A. Gallardo, Jose Tomas Galvez Ghersi, Jiansong Gao, Eric Gawiser, Martina Gerbino, Vera Gluscevic, Neil Goeckner-Wald, Joseph Golec, Sam Gordon, Megan Gralla, Daniel Green, Arpi Grigorian, John Groh, Chris Groppi, Yilun Guan, Jon E. Gudmundsson, Dongwon Han, Peter Hargrave, Masaya Hasegawa, Matthew Hasselfield, Makoto Hattori, Victor Haynes, Masashi Hazumi, Yizhou He, Erin Healy, Shawn W. Henderson, Carlos Hervias-Caimapo, Charles A. Hill, J. Colin Hill, Gene Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Gary Hinshaw, Renée Hložek, Shirley Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Logan Howe, Zhiqi Huang, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Anna Ijjas, Margaret Ikape, Kent Irwin, Andrew H. Jaffe, Bhuvnesh Jain, Oliver Jeong, Daisuke Kaneko, Ethan D. Karpel, Nobuhiko Katayama, Brian Keating, Sarah S. Kernasovskiy, Reijo Keskitalo, Theodore Kisner, Kenji Kiuchi, Jeff Klein, Kenda Knowles, Brian Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, Stephen E. Kuenstner, Chao-Lin Kuo, Akito Kusaka, Jacob Lashner, Adrian Lee, Eunseong Lee, David Leon, Jason S.-Y. Leung, Antony Lewis, Yaqiong Li, Zack Li, Michele Limon, Eric Linder, Carlos Lopez-Caraballo, Thibaut Louis, Lindsay Lowry, Marius Lungu, Mathew Madhavacheril, Daisy Mak, Felipe Maldonado, Hamdi Mani, Ben Mates, Frederick Matsuda, Loïc Maurin, Phil Mauskopf, Andrew May, Nialh McCallum, Chris McKenney, Jeff McMahon, P. Daniel Meerburg, Joel Meyers, Amber Miller, Mark Mirmelstein, Kavilan Moodley, Moritz Munchmeyer, Charles Munson, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Martin Navaroli, Laura Newburgh, Ho Nam Nguyen, Michael Niemack, Haruki Nishino, John Orlowski-Scherer, Lyman Page, Bruce Partridge, Julien Peloton, Francesca Perrotta, Lucio Piccirillo, Giampaolo Pisano, Davide Poletti, Roberto Puddu, Giuseppe Puglisi, Chris Raum, Christian L. Reichardt, Mathieu Remazeilles, Yoel Rephaeli, Dominik Riechers, Felipe Rojas, Anirban Roy, Sharon Sadeh, Yuki Sakurai, Maria Salatino, Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao, Emmanuel Schaan, Marcel Schmittfull, Neelima Sehgal, Joseph Seibert, Uros Seljak, Blake Sherwin, Meir Shimon, Carlos Sierra, Jonathan Sievers, Precious Sikhosana, Maximiliano Silva-Feaver, Sara M. Simon, Adrian Sinclair, Praween Siritanasak, Kendrick Smith, Stephen R. Smith, David Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, George Stein, Jason R. Stevens, Radek Stompor, Aritoki Suzuki, Osamu Tajima, Satoru Takakura, Grant Teply, Daniel B. Thomas, Ben Thorne, Robert Thornton, Hy Trac, Calvin Tsai, Carole Tucker, Joel Ullom, Sunny Vagnozzi, Alexander van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Daniel D. Van Winkle, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Clara Vergès, Michael Vissers, Kasey Wagoner, Samantha Walker, Jon Ward, Ben Westbrook, Nathan Whitehorn, Jason Williams, Joel Williams, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Byeonghee Yu, Cyndia Yu, Fernando Zago, Hezi Zhang, and Ningfeng Zhu

Subjects
Astrophysics, Astronomy
Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a new cosmic microwave background experiment being built on Cerro Toco in Chile, due to begin observations in the early 2020s. We describe the scientific goals of the experiment, motivate the design, and forecast its performance. SO will measure the temperature and polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background in six frequency bands centered at: 27, 39, 93, 145, 225 and 280 GHz. The initial configuration of SO will have three small-aperture 0.5-m telescopes and one large-aperture 6-m telescope, with a total of 60,000 cryogenic bolometers. Our key science goals are to characterize the primordial perturbations, measure the number of relativistic species and the mass of neutrinos, test for deviations from a cosmological constant, improve our understanding of galaxy evolution, and constrain the duration of reionization. The small aperture telescopes will target the largest angular scales observable from Chile, mapping ≈ 10% of the sky to a white noise level of 2 μK-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, to measure the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, at a target level of σ(r)=0.003. The large aperture telescope will map ≈ 40% of the sky at arcminute angular resolution to an expected white noise level of 6 μK-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, overlapping with the majority of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope sky region and partially with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. With up to an order of magnitude lower polarization noise than maps from the Planck satellite, the high-resolution sky maps will constrain cosmological parameters derived from the damping tail, gravitational lensing of the microwave background, the primordial bispectrum, and the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects, and will aid in delensing the large-angle polarization signal to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio. The survey will also provide a legacy catalog of 16,000 galaxy clusters and more than 20,000 extragalactic sources.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. SPT-3G+: mapping the high-frequency cosmic microwave background using kinetic inductance detectors

Author

Adam J. Anderson, Peter Barry, Amy N. Bender, Bradford Benson, Lindsey Bleem, John E. Carlstrom, Tom W. Cecil, Clarence L. Chang, Tom M. Crawford, Karia R. Dibert, Matt A. Dobbs, Kyra Fichman, Nils W. Halverson, William L. Holzapfel, Alec Hryciuk, Kirit S. Karkare, Juliang Li, Marharyta Lisovenko, Daniel Marrone, Jeff McMahon, Joshua Montgomery, Tyler Natoli, Zhaodi Pan, Srinivasan Raghunathan, Christian L. Reichardt, Maclean Rouble, Erik Shirokoff, Graeme Smecher, Antony A. Stark, Joaquin D. Vieira, and Matt R. Young

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

We present the design and science goals of SPT-3G+, a new camera for the South Pole Telescope, which will consist of a dense array of 34100 kinetic inductance detectors measuring the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at 220 GHz, 285 GHz, and 345 GHz. The SPT-3G+ dataset will enable new constraints on the process of reionization, including measurements of the patchy kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect and improved constraints on the optical depth due to reionization. At the same time, it will serve as a pathfinder for the detection of Rayleigh scattering, which could allow future CMB surveys to constrain cosmological parameters better than from the primary CMB alone. In addition, the combined, multi-band SPT-3G and SPT-3G+ survey data will have several synergies that enhance the original SPT-3G survey, including: extending the redshift-reach of SZ cluster surveys to $z > 2$; understanding the relationship between magnetic fields and star formation in our Galaxy; improved characterization of the impact of dust on inflationary B-mode searches; and characterizing astrophysical transients at the boundary between mm and sub-mm wavelengths. Finally, the modular design of the SPT-3G+ camera allows it to serve as an on-sky demonstrator for new detector technologies employing microwave readout, such as the on-chip spectrometers that we expect to deploy during the SPT-3G+ survey. In this paper, we describe the science goals of the project and the key technology developments that enable its powerful yet compact design., 26 pages, 9 figures, to appear in the proceedings of SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. The Simons Observatory: Characterizing the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver with Radio Holography

Author

Grace E. Chesmore, Kathleen Harrington, Carlos E. Sierra, Patricio A. Gallardo, Shreya Sutariya, Tommy Alford, Alexandre E. Adler, Tanay Bhandarkar, Gabriele Coppi, Nadia Dachlythra, Joseph Golec, Jon Gudmundsson, Saianeesh K. Haridas, Bradley R. Johnson, Anna M. Kofman, Jeffrey Iuliano, Jeff McMahon, Michael D. Niemack, John Orlowski-Scherer, Karen Perez Sarmiento, Roberto Puddu, Max Silva-Feaver, Sara M. Simon, Julia Robe, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Chesmore, G, Harrington, K, Sierra, C, Gallardo, P, Sutariya, S, Alford, T, Adler, A, Bhandarkar, T, Coppi, G, Dachlythra, N, Golec, J, Gudmundsson, J, Haridas, S, Johnson, B, Kofman, A, Iuliano, J, Mcmahon, J, Niemack, M, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Perez Sarmiento, K, Puddu, R, Silva-Feaver, M, Simon, S, Robe, J, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, optics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present near-field radio holography measurements of the Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope Receiver optics. These measurements demonstrate that radio holography of complex millimeter-wave optical systems comprising cryogenic lenses, filters, and feed horns can provide detailed characterization of wave propagation before deployment. We used the measured amplitude and phase, at 4 K, of the receiver near-field beam pattern to predict two key performance parameters: 1) the amount of scattered light that will spill past the telescope to 300 K and 2) the beam pattern expected from the receiver when fielded on the telescope. These cryogenic measurements informed the removal of a filter, which led to improved optical efficiency and reduced sidelobes at the exit of the receiver. Holography measurements of this system suggest that the spilled power past the telescope mirrors will be less than 1%, and the main beam with its near sidelobes are consistent with the nominal telescope design. This is the first time such parameters have been confirmed in the lab prior to deployment of a new receiver. This approach is broadly applicable to millimeter and submillimeter instruments.

Published
2022

20. Simons Observatory: characterizing the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver with radio holography

Author

Chesmore, G, Harrington, K, Sierra, C, Gallardo, P, Sutariya, S, Alford, T, Adler, A, Bhandarkar, T, Coppi, G, Dachlythra, N, Golec, J, Gudmundsson, J, Haridas, S, Johnson, B, Kofman, A, Iuliano, J, Mcmahon, J, Niemack, M, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Perez Sarmiento, K, Puddu, R, Silva-Feaver, M, Simon, S, Robe, J, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Grace E. Chesmore, Kathleen Harrington, Carlos E. Sierra, Patricio A. Gallardo, Shreya Sutariya, Tommy Alford, Alexandre E. Adler, Tanay Bhandarkar, Gabriele Coppi, Nadia Dachlythra, Joseph Golec, Jon Gudmundsson, Saianeesh K. Haridas, Bradley R. Johnson, Anna M. Kofman, Jeffrey Iuliano, Jeff McMahon, Michael D. Niemack, John Orlowski-Scherer, Karen Perez Sarmiento, Roberto Puddu, Max Silva-Feaver, Sara M. Simon, Julia Robe, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Chesmore, G, Harrington, K, Sierra, C, Gallardo, P, Sutariya, S, Alford, T, Adler, A, Bhandarkar, T, Coppi, G, Dachlythra, N, Golec, J, Gudmundsson, J, Haridas, S, Johnson, B, Kofman, A, Iuliano, J, Mcmahon, J, Niemack, M, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Perez Sarmiento, K, Puddu, R, Silva-Feaver, M, Simon, S, Robe, J, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Grace E. Chesmore, Kathleen Harrington, Carlos E. Sierra, Patricio A. Gallardo, Shreya Sutariya, Tommy Alford, Alexandre E. Adler, Tanay Bhandarkar, Gabriele Coppi, Nadia Dachlythra, Joseph Golec, Jon Gudmundsson, Saianeesh K. Haridas, Bradley R. Johnson, Anna M. Kofman, Jeffrey Iuliano, Jeff McMahon, Michael D. Niemack, John Orlowski-Scherer, Karen Perez Sarmiento, Roberto Puddu, Max Silva-Feaver, Sara M. Simon, Julia Robe, Edward J. Wollack, and Zhilei Xu

Abstract

We present near-field radio holography measurements of the Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope Receiver optics. These measurements demonstrate that radio holography of complex millimeter-wave optical systems comprising cryogenic lenses, filters, and feed horns can provide detailed characterization of wave propagation before deployment. We used the measured amplitude and phase, at 4 K, of the receiver near-field beam pattern to predict two key performance parameters: 1) the amount of scattered light that will spill past the telescope to 300 K and 2) the beam pattern expected from the receiver when fielded on the telescope. These cryogenic measurements informed the removal of a filter, which led to improved optical efficiency and reduced sidelobes at the exit of the receiver. Holography measurements of this system suggest that the spilled power past the telescope mirrors will be less than 1%, and the main beam with its near sidelobes are consistent with the nominal telescope design. This is the first time such parameters have been confirmed in the lab prior to deployment of a new receiver. This approach is broadly applicable to millimeter and submillimeter instruments.

Published
2022

21. Two-season Atacama Cosmology Telescope polarimeter lensing power spectrum

Author

Blake D. Sherwin, Alexander van Engelen, Neelima Sehgal, Mathew Madhavacheril, Graeme E. Addison, Simone Aiola, Rupert Allison, Nicholas Battaglia, Daniel T. Becker, James A. Beall, J. Richard Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Rahul Datta, Mark J. Devlin, Rolando Dünner, Joanna Dunkley, Anna E. Fox, Patricio Gallardo, Mark Halpern, Matthew Hasselfield, Shawn Henderson, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Johannes Hubmayr, John P. Hughes, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hlozek, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Brian Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Loïc Maurin, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Jonathan Sievers, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Robert J. Thornton, Jeff Van Lanen, Eve Vavagiakis, and Edward J. Wollack

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. CCAT-prime: Design of the Mod-Cam receiver and 280 GHz MKID instrument module

Author

Eve M. Vavagiakis, Cody J. Duell, Jason Austermann, James Beall, Tanay Bhandarkar, Scott C. Chapman, Steve K. Choi, Gabriele Coppi, Simon Dicker, Mark Devlin, Rodrigo G. Freundt, Jiansong Gao, Christopher Groppi, Terry L. Herter, Zachary B. Huber, Johannes Hubmayr, Doug Johnstone, Ben Keller, Anna M. Kofman, Yaqiong Li, Philip Mauskopf, Jeff McMahon, Jenna Moore, Colin C. Murphy, Michael Niemack, Thomas Nikola, John Orlowski-Scherer, Kayla M. Rossi, Adrian K. Sinclair, Gordon J. Stacey, Joel Ullom, Michael Vissers, Jordan Wheeler, Zhilei Xu, Ningfeng Zhu, and Bugao Zou

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Mod-Cam is a first light and commissioning instrument for the CCAT-prime project's six-meter aperture Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST), currently under construction at 5600 m on Cerro Chajnantor in Chile's Atacama Desert. Prime-Cam, a first-generation science instrument for FYST, will deliver over ten times greater mapping speed than current and near-term facilities for unprecedented 280-850 GHz broadband and spectroscopic measurements with microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs). CCAT-prime will address a suite of science goals, from Big Bang cosmology to star formation and galaxy evolution over cosmic time. Mod-Cam deployment on FYST with a 280 GHz instrument module containing MKID arrays is planned for early science observations in 2024. Mod-Cam will be used to test instrument modules for Prime-Cam, which can house up to seven instrument modules. We discuss the design and status of the 0.9 m diameter, 1.8 m long Mod-Cam receiver and 40 cm diameter 280 GHz instrument module, with cold stages at 40 K, 4 K, 1 K, and 100 mK. We also describe the instrument module's cryogenic readout designs to enable the readout of more than 10,000 MKIDs across 18 networks., Comment: Presented at SPIE Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy XI

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: microwave intensity and polarization maps of the Galactic Center

Author

Federico Nati, Simone Aiola, Rolando Dünner, Jeff McMahon, Edward J. Wollack, Matthew Hasselfield, Sigurd Naess, Susan E. Clark, Steve K. Choi, Emmanuel Schaan, Cody J. Duell, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Simone Ferraro, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Patricio A. Gallardo, Michael D. Niemack, John P. Hughes, Suzanne T. Staggs, Maria Salatino, Nicholas F. Cothard, Lyman A. Page, Cristóbal Sifón, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Brandon S. Hensley, Neelima Sehgal, Zachary Atkins, Mark J. Devlin, Yilun Guan, Arthur Kosowsky, Brian J. Koopman, Zhilei Xu, Erminia Calabrese, Jo Dunkley, Guan, Y, Clark, S, Hensley, B, Gallardo, P, Naess, S, Duell, C, Aiola, S, Atkins, Z, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Cothard, N, Devlin, M, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Hasselfield, M, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Nati, F, Niemack, M, Page, L, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Sehgal, N, Sifon, C, Staggs, S, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar wind nebula, Atomic, symbols.namesake, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Planck, Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cosmic dust, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Molecular cloud, Galactic Center, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmology, Galactic Science, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present arcminute-resolution intensity and polarization maps of the Galactic center made with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). The maps cover a 32 deg$^2$ field at 98, 150, and 224 GHz with $\vert l\vert\le4^\circ$, $\vert b\vert\le2^\circ$. We combine these data with Planck observations at similar frequencies to create coadded maps with increased sensitivity at large angular scales. With the coadded maps, we are able to resolve many known features of the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) in both total intensity and polarization. We map the orientation of the plane-of-sky component of the Galactic magnetic field inferred from the polarization angle in the CMZ, finding significant changes in morphology in the three frequency bands as the underlying dominant emission mechanism changes from synchrotron to dust emission. Selected Galactic center sources, including Sgr A*, the Brick molecular cloud (G0.253+0.016), the Mouse pulsar wind nebula (G359.23-0.82), and the Tornado supernova remnant candidate (G357.7-0.1), are examined in detail. These data illustrate the potential for leveraging ground-based Cosmic Microwave Background polarization experiments for Galactic science., 26 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2021

24. A high-resolution view of the filament of gas between Abell 399 and Abell 401 from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and MUSTANG-2

Author

Valentina Vacca, Eleonora Barbavara, Jeff McMahon, Joel N. Ullom, Erminia Calabrese, Shannon M. Duff, Silvia Masi, Jonathan Sievers, Edward J. Wollack, Jo Dunkley, Alexander van Engelen, Johannes Hubmayr, John P. Hughes, Simon Dicker, M. Madhavacheril, Nicholas Battaglia, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Tony Mroczkowski, Suzanne T. Staggs, Craig L. Sarazin, Alessandro Schillaci, C. Sifon, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, J. Colin Hill, Luca Lamagna, Michael R. Vissers, Federica Govoni, Federico Radiconi, Lyman A. Page, Rolando Dünner, Zhilei Xu, Jason E. Austermann, Maria Salatino, Sigurd Naess, Adam D. Hincks, Martine Lokken, Brian Mason, Kavilan Moodley, Matteo Murgia, C. Romero, F. Piacentini, Matt Hilton, Paolo de Bernardis, Elia S. Battistelli, and J. Richard Bond

Subjects
galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Protein filament, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 399, Planck, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 401, cosmology: observations, large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Line-of-sight, Resolution (electron density), Green Bank Telescope, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols
Abstract

We report a significant detection of the hot intergalactic medium in the filamentary bridge connecting the galaxy clusters Abell 399 and Abell 401. This result is enabled by a low-noise, high-resolution map of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich signal from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and Planck satellite. The ACT data provide the $1.65'$ resolution that allows us to clearly separate the profiles of the clusters, whose centres are separated by $37'$, from the gas associated with the filament. A model that fits for only the two clusters is ruled out compared to one that includes a bridge component at $>5\sigma$. Using a gas temperature determined from Suzaku X-ray data, we infer a total mass of $(3.3\pm0.7)\times10^{14}\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ associated with the filament, comprising about $8\%$ of the entire Abell 399-Abell 401 system. We fit two phenomenological models to the filamentary structure; the favoured model has a width transverse to the axis joining the clusters of ${\sim}1.9\,\mathrm{Mpc}$. When combined with the Suzaku data, we find a gas density of $(0.88\pm0.24)\times10^{-4}\,\mathrm{cm}^{-3}$, considerably lower than previously reported. We show that this can be fully explained by a geometry in which the axis joining Abell 399 and Abell 401 has a large component along the line of sight, such that the distance between the clusters is significantly greater than the $3.2\,\mathrm{Mpc}$ projected separation on the plane of the sky. Finally, we present initial results from higher resolution ($12.7"$ effective) imaging of the bridge with the MUSTANG-2 receiver on the Green Bank Telescope., Comment: 23 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society following peer review. The version of record is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/stab3391/6442294

Published
2021

25. Fractional polarization of extragalactic sources in the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey

Author

C. Sievers, J. T. Sayre, A. E. Lowitz, Jeff McMahon, Christian L. Reichardt, C. Corbett Moran, John E. Carlstrom, K. K. Schaffer, T. de Haan, V. G. Yefremenko, D. Luong-Van, Eric R. Switzer, Robert I. Citron, Dale Li, V. Novosad, Chihway Chang, A. T. Crites, Jessica Avva, C. Pryke, Kent D. Irwin, W. L. K. Wu, Johannes Hubmayr, R. Williamson, M. Archipley, Elizabeth George, N. Huang, John P. Nibarger, K. Vanderlinde, W. L. Holzapfel, A. A. Stark, J. D. Hrubes, Andrew Nadolski, H. C. Chiang, T. Natoli, T. Veach, Gene C. Hilton, Nikhel Gupta, W. B. Everett, G. I. Noble, Federico Bianchini, Adrian T. Lee, Lloyd Knox, Peter A. R. Ade, S. S. Meyer, Lindsey Bleem, J. E. Ruhl, K. T. Story, Joseph J. Mohr, S. Patil, Chang Feng, M. A. Dobbs, G. P. Holder, Jason Gallicchio, Nathan Whitehorn, Jason W. Henning, Zhen Hou, L. Zhang, N. W. Halverson, N. L. Harrington, Joshua Montgomery, Erik Shirokoff, J. A. Beall, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Bradford Benson, Z. K. Staniszewski, Carole Tucker, Jason E. Austermann, Graeme Smecher, A. J. Gilbert, Adam Anderson, L. M. Mocanu, Daniel P. Marrone, S. Padin, Gensheng Wang, Andreas Bender, Joaquin Vieira, and T. M. Crawford

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Space and Planetary Science, Linear polarization, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Full sample, Fractional polarization
Abstract

Author(s): Gupta, N; Reichardt, CL; Ade, PAR; Anderson, AJ; Archipley, M; Austermann, JE; Avva, JS; Beall, JA; Bender, AN; Benson, BA; Bianchini, F; Bleem, LE; Carlstrom, JE; Chang, CL; Chiang, HC; Citron, R; Corbett Moran, C; Crawford, TM; Crites, AT; de Haan, T; Dobbs, MA; Everett, W; Feng, C; Gallicchio, J; George, EM; Gilbert, A; Halverson, NW; Harrington, N; Henning, JW; Hilton, GC; Holder, GP; Holzapfel, WL; Hou, Z; Hrubes, JD; Huang, N; Hubmayr, J; Irwin, KD; Knox, L; Lee, AT; Li, D; Lowitz, A; Luong-Van, D; Marrone, DP; McMahon, JJ; Meyer, SS; Mocanu, LM; Mohr, JJ; Montgomery, J; Nadolski, A; Natoli, T; Nibarger, JP; Noble, GI; Novosad, V; Padin, S; Patil, S; Pryke, C; Ruhl, JE; Saliwanchik, BR; Sayre, JT; Schaffer, KK; Shirokoff, E; Sievers, C; Smecher, G; Staniszewski, Z; Stark, AA; Story, KT; Switzer, ER; Tucker, C; Vanderlinde, K; Veach, T; Vieira, JD; Wang, G; Whitehorn, N; Williamson, R; Wu, WLK; Yefremenko, V; Zhang, L | Abstract: We study the polarization properties of extragalactic sources at 95 and 150 GHz in the SPTpol 500 deg2 survey. We estimate the polarized power by stacking maps at known source positions, and correct for noise bias by subtracting the mean polarized power at random positions in the maps. We show that the method is unbiased using a set of simulated maps with similar noise properties to the real SPTpol maps. We find a flux-weighted mean-squared polarization fraction 〈p2〉= [8.9 ± 1.1] × 10−4 at 95 GHz and [6.9 ± 1.1] × 10−4 at 150 GHz for the full sample. This is consistent with the values obtained for a subsample of active galactic nuclei. For dusty sources, we find 95 per cent upper limits of 〈p2〉95 l 16.9 × 10−3 and 〈p2〉150 l 2.6 × 10−3. We find no evidence that the polarization fraction depends on the source flux or observing frequency. The 1σ upper limit on measured mean-squared polarization fraction at 150 GHz implies that extragalactic foregrounds will be subdominant to the CMB E and B mode polarization power spectra out to at least l ≲ 5700 (l ≲ 4700) and l ≲ 5300 (l ≲ 3600), respectively, at 95 (150) GHz.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Evidence of Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background by Dark Matter Halos

Author

Mathew Madhavacheril, Neelima Sehgal, Rupert Allison, Nick Battaglia, J. Richard Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Jerod Caligiuri, Kevin Coughlin, Devin Crichton, Rahul Datta, Mark J. Devlin, Joanna Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Kevin Fogarty, Emily Grace, Amir Hajian, Matthew Hasselfield, J. Colin Hill, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hlozek, John P. Hughes, Arthur Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Charles Munson, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Benjamin Schmitt, Blake D. Sherwin, Jon Sievers, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Robert Thornton, Alexander Van Engelen, Jonathan T. Ward, and Edward J. Wollack

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of >4000 Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Galaxy Clusters

Author

Eli S. Rykoff, Jo Dunkley, E. Bertin, Ofer Lahav, Nick Battaglia, M. Soares-Santos, Hironao Miyatake, Shannon M. Duff, R. D. Wilkinson, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, L. N. da Costa, Joel N. Ullom, Robert Morgan, D. L. Burke, Devin Crichton, Kavilan Moodley, Peter Doel, Alexandra Amon, Edward J. Wollack, N. C. Robertson, H. T. Diehl, Joseph E. Golec, Sunayana Bhargava, Samuel Hinton, Emmanuel Schaan, Enrique Gaztanaga, Megan Gralla, David N. Spergel, Johannes Hubmayr, Simon Dicker, David Bacon, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Simone Ferraro, C. Aros-Bunster, Felipe Menanteau, G. Gutierrez, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Daniel Thomas, Ramon Miquel, Michael D. Niemack, I. Ferrero, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, J. P. Dietrich, Niall MacCrann, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Tesla E. Jeltema, David J. James, Yanxi Zhang, A. K. Romer, Ben Hoyle, Hy Trac, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, J. Gschwend, A. A. Plazas, Brian J. Koopman, Rolando Dünner, Zhilei Xu, Simone Aiola, Behzad Ansarinejad, A. Choi, Jeff McMahon, Eduardo Rozo, Gary Bernstein, K. Honscheid, Michel Aguena, Tanay Bhandarkar, Dan Becker, C. Sifon, Neelima Sehgal, Bhuvnesh Jain, Laura Newburgh, Dongwon Han, F. Paz-Chinchón, J. R. Bond, Kyler Kuehn, Peter Melchior, M. Carrasco Kind, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Steve K. Choi, Suzanne T. Staggs, Paul Giles, R. L. C. Ogando, J. C. Hill, Federico Nati, M. E. C. Swanson, E. V. Denison, Kevin T. Crowley, Tony Mroczkowski, W. G. Hartley, Antonella Palmese, Martine Lokken, S. Kent, Alessandro Schillaci, Masamune Oguri, John P. Hughes, M. A. G. Maia, Maria Salatino, S. Amodeo, T. Shin, S. Adhikari, M. Hasselfield, M. Costanzi, S. I. Loubser, J. Van Lanen, B. Partridge, Sigurd Naess, Adam D. Hincks, J. A. Beall, B. Flaugher, S. M. Simon, Jason E. Austermann, S. P. Ho, John Orlowski-Scherer, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, J. Martin, D. W. Gerdes, J. Annis, Kenda Knowles, David J. Brooks, Erminia Calabrese, Emilie R. Storer, Gene C. Hilton, Leila R. Vale, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Phumlani Phakathi, Josh Frieman, Yen-Ting Lin, T. M. C. Abbott, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, J. Carretero, E. Suchyta, Matt Hilton, Christopher J. Conselice, Tobias A. Marriage, Sebastian Grandis, A. Carnero Rosell, Agnès Ferté, Anton T. Jaelani, Marcos Lima, S. Everett, S. Serrano, Lyman A. Page, J. De Vicente, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, G. Tarle, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Hilton, M, Sifon, C, Naess, S, Madhavacheril, M, Oguri, M, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Adhikari, S, Aguena, M, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Amodeo, S, Amon, A, Annis, J, Ansarinejad, B, Abbott, T, Aros-Bunster, C, Austermann, J, Avila, S, Bacon, D, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bernstein, G, Bertin, E, Bhandarkar, T, Bhargava, S, Bond, J, Brooks, D, Burke, D, Calabrese, E, Carrasco Kind, M, Carretero, J, Choi, S, Choi, A, Conselice, C, Da Costa, L, Costanzi, M, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Dunner, R, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Dicker, S, Diehl, H, Dietrich, J, Doel, P, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferte, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Ferrero, I, Gallardo, P, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Giles, P, Golec, J, Gralla, M, Grandis, S, Gruen, D, Gerdes, D, Gruendl, R, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Han, D, Hartley, W, Hasselfield, M, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hincks, A, Hinton, S, Ho, S, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Jaelani, A, Jain, B, James, D, Jeltema, T, Kent, S, Knowles, K, Koopman, B, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lin, Y, Lokken, M, Loubser, S, Maccrann, N, Maia, M, Marriage, T, Martin, J, Mcmahon, J, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Moodley, K, Morgan, R, Mroczkowski, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Nishizawa, A, Miyatake, H, Ogando, R, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Page, L, Palmese, A, Partridge, B, Paz-Chinchon, F, Phakathi, P, Plazas, A, Robertson, N, Romer, A, Carnero Rosell, A, Sanchez, E, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Serrano, S, Shin, T, Simon, S, Smith, M, Salatino, M, Soares-Santos, M, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, To, C, Trac, H, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, E, De Vicente, J, Wilkinson, R, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Zhan, Y, Hilton, M., Sifón, C., Naess, S., Madhavacheril, M., Oguri, M., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Abbott, T. M. C., Adhikari, S., Aguena, M., Aiola, S., Allam, S., Amodeo, S., Amon, A., Annis, J., Ansarinejad, B., Aros-Bunster, C., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Battaglia, N., Beall, J. A., Becker, D. T., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bhandarkar, T., Bhargava, S., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Calabrese, E., Carretero, J., Choi, S. K., Choi, A., Conselice, C., da Costa, L. N., Costanzi, M., Crichton, D., Crowley, K. T., Dünner, R., Denison, E. V., Devlin, M. J., Dicker, S. R., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Duff, S. M., Duivenvoorden, A. J., Dunkley, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giles, P., Golec, J. E., Gralla, M. B., Grandis, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Han, D., Hartley, W. G., Hasselfield, M., Hill, J. C., Hilton, G. C., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., S-P. P., Ho, Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K. M., Hughes, J. P., Jaelani, A. T., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Carrasco Kind, M., Knowles, K., Koopman, B. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lin, Y-T., Lokken, M., Loubser, S. I., Maccrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marriage, T. A., Martin, J., Mcmahon, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Miyatake, H., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Mroczkowski, T., Nati, F., Newburgh, L. B., Niemack, M. D., Nishizawa, A. J., Ogando, R. L. C., Orlowski-Scherer, J., Page, L. A., Palmese, A., Partridge, B., Paz-Chinchón, F., Phakathi, P., Plazas, A. A., Robertson, N. C., Romer, A. K., Carnero Rosell, A., Salatino, M., Sanchez, E., Schaan, E., Schillaci, A., Sehgal, N., Serrano, S., Shin, T., Simon, S. M., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spergel, D. N., Staggs, S. T., Storer, E. R., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Trac, H., Ullom, J. N., Vale, L. R., Van Lanen, J., Vavagiakis, E. M., De Vicente, J., Wilkinson, R. D., Wollack, E. J., Xu, Z., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Galaxy clusters, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Large-scale structure of the universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Intracluster medium, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmology, Galaxy clusters, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, AGLOMERADOS (GALÁXIA), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, XMM-newton Telescope, Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope
Abstract

Hilton, M., et al., We present a catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters detected with signal-to-noise ratio >4 in 13,211 deg of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multifrequency matched filter to 98 and 150 GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008 to 2018 and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ signal versus mass-scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M > 3.8 × 10 M, evaluated at z = 0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio >5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2 4. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg). We highlight some noteworthy objects in the sample, including potentially projected systems, clusters with strong lensing features, clusters with active central galaxies or star formation, and systems of multiple clusters that may be physically associated. The cluster catalog will be a useful resource for future cosmological analyses and studying the evolution of the intracluster medium and galaxies in massive clusters over the past 10 Gyr., The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under Grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Unionʼs Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).

Published
2021

28. The Integration and Testing Program for the Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope Optics Tubes

Author

Shreya Sutariya, Grace E. Chesmore, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Carlos Sierra, A. M. Kofman, Jeff McMahon, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Brian J. Koopman, Steve K. Choi, Zhilei Xu, Jack Lashner, Kathleen Harrington, Nicholas Galitzki, John Orlowski-Scherer, Max Silva-Feaver, Aamir Ali, Ningfeng Zhu, Simon Dicker, Michael D. Niemack, Nicholas F. Cothard, and Joseph Seibert

Subjects
Physics, Cryostat, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Cosmic microwave background, Bolometer, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Spectral bands, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Dichroic glass, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Observatory, law, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) will be a cosmic microwave background (CMB) survey experiment with three small-aperture telescopes and one large-aperture telescope, which will observe from the Atacama Desert in Chile. In total, SO will field over 60,000 transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers in six spectral bands centered between 27 and 280 GHz in order to achieve the sensitivity necessary to measure or constrain numerous cosmological quantities, as outlined in The Simons Observatory Collaboration et al. (2019). The 6~m Large Aperture Telescope (LAT), which will target the smaller angular scales of the CMB, utilizes a cryogenic receiver (LATR) designed to house up to 13 individual optics tubes. Each optics tube is comprised of three silicon lenses, IR blocking filters, and three dual-polarization, dichroic TES detector wafers. The scientific objectives of the SO project require these optics tubes to achieve high-throughput optical performance while maintaining exquisite control of systematic effects. We describe the integration and testing program for the SO LATR optics tubes that will verify the design and assembly of the optics tubes before they are shipped to the SO site and installed in the LATR cryostat. The program includes a quick turn-around test cryostat that is used to cool single optics tubes and validate the cryogenic performance and detector readout assembly. We discuss the optical design specifications the optics tubes must meet to be deployed on sky and the suite of optical test equipment that is prepared to measure these requirements.

Published
2021

29. Demonstration of 220/280 GHz Multichroic Feedhorn-Coupled TES Polarimeter

Author

Shannon M. Duff, Jason E. Austermann, Dan Becker, Johannes Hubmayr, B. Dober, Samantha Walker, Jeff McMahon, Sara M. Simon, Michael R. Vissers, Gene C. Hilton, J. A. Beall, Carlos Sierra, J. Van Lanen, and Joel N. Ullom

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Article, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, Diplexer, Passband, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, business.industry, Linear polarization, Bolometer, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Polarimeter, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Orthomode transducer, 13. Climate action, Extremely high frequency, Transition edge sensor, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business
Abstract

We describe the design and measurement of feedhorn-coupled, transition-edge sensor (TES) polarimeters with two passbands centered at 220 GHz and 280 GHz, intended for observations of the cosmic microwave background. Each pixel couples polarized light in two linear polarizations by use of a planar orthomode transducer and senses power via four TES bolometers, one for each band in each linear polarization. Previous designs of this detector architecture incorporated passbands from 27 GHz to 220 GHz; we now demonstrate this technology at frequencies up to 315 GHz. Observational passbands are defined with an on-chip diplexer, and Fourier-transform-spectrometer measurements are in excellent agreement with simulations. We find coupling from feedhorn to TES bolometer using a cryogenic, temperature-controlled thermal source. We determine the optical efficiency of our device is $\eta$ = 77%$\pm$6% (75%$\pm$5%) for 220 (280) GHz, relative to the designed passband shapes. Lastly, we compare two power-termination schemes commonly used in wide-bandwidth millimeter-wave polarimeters and find equal performance in terms of optical efficiency and passband shape., Comment: Proceedings for the 18th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors (LTD18), submitted to the Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Published
2021

30. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Probing the baryon content of SDSS DR15 galaxies with the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effects

Author

Nick Battaglia, J. P. Hughes, K. Moodley, Erminia Calabrese, Leila R. Vale, David N. Spergel, Michael D. Niemack, Nicholas F. Cothard, R. Hložek, Victoria Calafut, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Lyman A. Page, Rachel Bean, B. Partridge, Shannon M. Duff, S. Ferraro, M. Hilton, J. A. Beall, Gene C. Hilton, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Simone Aiola, Y. Guan, J. R. Bond, Jason E. Austermann, Sigurd Naess, C. Sifon, A. van Engelen, A. Kosowsky, E. Schaan, M. Lokken, J. C. Hill, L. B. Newburgh, S. T. Staggs, Cody J. Duell, Yaqiong Li, J. Van Lanen, Zachary B. Huber, Joel N. Ullom, Alessandro Schillaci, S. Amodeo, Edward J. Wollack, F. Nati, Johannes Hubmayr, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, A. J. Duivenvoorden, R. Dunner, Jo Dunkley, Elia S. Battistelli, Steve K. Choi, M. Madhavacheril, Zhilei Xu, Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Vavagiakis, E, Gallardo, P, Calafut, V, Amodeo, S, Aiola, S, Austermann, J, Battaglia, N, Battistelli, E, Beall, J, Bean, R, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Cothard, N, Devlin, M, Duell, C, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Guan, Y, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Huber, Z, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, Y, Lokken, M, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sifon, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Particle and Plasma Physics, Galaxy groups and clusters, 0103 physical sciences, Optical depth (astrophysics), CMB, Cosmology, SZ Effect, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Galaxy, Baryon, 13. Climate action, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Content (measure theory), astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present high signal-to-noise measurements (up to 12$\sigma$) of the average thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect from optically selected galaxy groups and clusters and estimate their baryon content within a 2.1$^\prime$ radius aperture. Sources from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) DR15 catalog overlap with 3,700 sq. deg. of sky observed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2008 to 2018 at 150 and 98 GHz (ACT DR5), and 2,089 sq. deg. of internal linear combination component-separated maps combining ACT and $\it{Planck}$ data (ACT DR4). The corresponding optical depths, $\bar{\tau}$, which depend on the baryon content of the halos, are estimated using results from cosmological hydrodynamic simulations assuming an AGN feedback radiative cooling model. We estimate the mean mass of the halos in multiple luminosity bins, and compare the tSZ-based $\bar{\tau}$ estimates to theoretical predictions of the baryon content for a Navarro-Frenk-White profile. We do the same for $\bar{\tau}$ estimates extracted from fits to pairwise baryon momentum measurements of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (kSZ) for the same data set obtained in a companion paper. We find that the $\bar{\tau}$ estimates from the tSZ measurements in this work and the kSZ measurements in the companion paper agree within $1\sigma$ for two out of the three disjoint luminosity bins studied, while they differ by 2-3$\sigma$ in the highest luminosity bin. The optical depth estimates account for one third to all of the theoretically predicted baryon content in the halos across luminosity bins. Potential systematic uncertainties are discussed. The tSZ and kSZ measurements provide a step towards empirical Compton-$\bar{y}$-$\bar{\tau}$ relationships to provide new tests of cluster formation and evolution models., Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures

Published
2021

31. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect with SDSS DR15 galaxies

Author

C. Sifon, S. T. Staggs, E. Schaan, Brian J. Koopman, Edward J. Wollack, M. Lokken, Jeff McMahon, Michael D. Niemack, Johannes Hubmayr, A. van Engelen, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, A. Kosowsky, Nicholas F. Cothard, Victoria Calafut, Elia S. Battistelli, Yaqiong Li, Nick Battaglia, J. Van Lanen, Joel N. Ullom, M. Hilton, Kevin M. Huffenberger, David N. Spergel, F. Nati, Zhilei Xu, Gene C. Hilton, Y. Guan, Alessandro Schillaci, Erminia Calabrese, Jason E. Austermann, Jo Dunkley, Zachary B. Huber, A. J. Duivenvoorden, S. Amodeo, K. Moodley, Leila R. Vale, R. Hložek, Eve M. Vavagiakis, R. Dunner, M. Madhavacheril, Steve K. Choi, Sigurd Naess, J. P. Hughes, J. C. Hill, J. R. Bond, Shannon M. Duff, S. Ferraro, Cody J. Duell, Rachel Bean, B. Partridge, J. A. Beall, L. B. Newburgh, Lyman A. Page, Simone Aiola, Calafut, V, Gallardo, P, Vavagiakis, E, Amodeo, S, Aiola, S, Austermann, J, Battaglia, N, Battistelli, E, Beall, J, Bean, R, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Cothard, N, Devlin, M, Duell, C, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Guan, Y, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Huber, Z, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, Y, Lokken, M, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sifon, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Cosmology, Photometry (optics), Galaxy groups and clusters, Particle and Plasma Physics, CMB, Cosmology, SZ Effect, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Galaxy, 13. Climate action, Sky, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a 5.4$\sigma$ detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect using Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and $\it{Planck}$ CMB observations in combination with Luminous Red Galaxy samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR15 catalog. Results are obtained using three ACT CMB maps: co-added 150 GHz and 98 GHz maps, combining observations from 2008-2018 (ACT DR5), which overlap with SDSS DR15 over 3,700 sq. deg., and a component-separated map using night-time only observations from 2014-2015 (ACT DR4), overlapping with SDSS DR15 over 2,089 sq. deg. Comparisons of the results from these three maps provide consistency checks in relation to potential frequency-dependent foreground contamination. A total of 343,647 galaxies are used as tracers to identify and locate galaxy groups and clusters from which the kSZ signal is extracted using aperture photometry. We consider the impact of various aperture photometry assumptions and covariance estimation methods on the signal extraction. Theoretical predictions of the pairwise velocities are used to obtain best-fit, mass-averaged, optical depth estimates for each of five luminosity-selected tracer samples. A comparison of the kSZ-derived optical depth measurements obtained here to those derived from the thermal SZ effect for the same sample is presented in a companion paper., Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures. Updated to match published version in PRD

Published
2021

32. The mass and galaxy distribution around SZ-selected clusters

Author

Edward J. Wollack, S. Goldstein, Erin S. Sheldon, Jochen Weller, L. N. da Costa, J. Elvin-Poole, Suzanne T. Staggs, Simone Ferraro, Marco Raveri, Mark J. Devlin, J. P. Dietrich, Sahar S. Allam, T. N. Varga, David Brooks, S. Pandey, M. Lokken, Brian Yanny, Maria E. S. Pereira, A. Amsellem, J. DeRose, Maria Salatino, J. McCullough, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Costanzi, C. Doux, Chun-Hao To, Cristóbal Sifón, E. J. Sanchez, Joseph J. Mohr, I. Tutusaus, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Gary Bernstein, B. Partridge, John P. Hughes, Carlos Solans Sanchez, G. Tarle, Scott Dodelson, Chihway Chang, V. Scarpine, Keith Bechtol, Ian Harrison, Enrique Gaztanaga, B. Flaugher, Peter Doel, Nick Battaglia, Alex Drlica-Wagner, J. Myles, David J. James, N. P. Kuropatkin, H. T. Diehl, David Bacon, Kavilan Moodley, Niall MacCrann, T. M. C. Abbott, David H. Weinberg, Kyler Kuehn, M. Gatti, J. Prat, Adriano Pieres, Samuel Hinton, Bhuvnesh Jain, K. Eckert, J. De Vicente, T. Dacunha, Marcelle Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, E. J. Baxter, D. Gruen, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, Matt Hilton, M. Belyakov, Michael Troxel, J. C. Hill, F. Paz-Chinchón, A. Alarcon, Richard P. Rollins, Antonio Campos, Ramon Miquel, S. Desai, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Sebastian Bocquet, M. Smith, M. Aguena, A. K. Romer, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, L. A. Page, Emmanuel Bertin, Antonella Palmese, Andrés N. Salcedo, Jeff McMahon, Agnès Ferté, Blake D. Sherwin, M. A. G. Maia, D. W. Gerdes, Ofer Lahav, I. Ferrero, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Robert Morgan, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, Yanxi Zhang, A. A. Plazas Malagón, Andrey V. Kravtsov, S. Everett, Marco A. P. Lima, S. Adhikari, Patricio A. Gallardo, Matthew R. Becker, Basilio X. Santiago, D. L. Burke, J. Frieman, J. R. Bond, Robert A. Gruendl, M. Carrasco Kind, F. Andrade-Oliveira, Tesla E. Jeltema, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, M. Jarvis, R. Chen, Ami Choi, Elisabeth Krause, Peter Melchior, Eli S. Rykoff, Eve M. Vavagiakis, G. Gutierrez, A. Navarro-Alsina, Santiago Serrano, B. Yin, Alexandra Amon, Felipe Menanteau, James Annis, Brian J. Koopman, L. F. Secco, W. G. Hartley, Alessandro Schillaci, Devon L. Hollowood, T. Shin, University of Pennsylvania, University of Chicago, University of Hawaii, The Ohio State University, Cornell University, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Argonne National Laboratory, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), University of Portsmouth, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, University of Toronto, University College London, Carnegie Mellon University, Duke University, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Dpto. Astrofísica, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of Trieste, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Observatório Nacional, IIT Hyderabad, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of Oslo, California Institute of Technology, Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), CSIC), University of Michigan, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Denys Wilkinson Building, University of Manchester, University of Geneva, Columbia University, Flatiron Institute, Westville Campus, University of Queensland, The State University of New Jersey, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Yale University, University of Arizona, Macquarie University, Lowell Observatory, Dunlap Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Cambridge, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Peyton Hall, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, University of Milano-Bicocca, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Princeton University, Haverford College, University of Sussex, UFRGS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, University of Southampton, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Shin, T, Jain, B, Adhikari, S, Baxter, E, Chang, C, Pandey, S, Salcedo, A, Weinberg, D, Amsellem, A, Battaglia, N, Belyakov, M, Dacunha, T, Goldstein, S, Kravtsov, A, Varga, T, Abbott, T, Aguena, M, Alarcon, A, Allam, S, Amon, A, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Bacon, D, Bechtol, K, Becker, M, Bernstein, G, Bertin, E, Bocquet, S, Bond, J, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, D, Campos, A, Carnero Rosell, A, Carrasco Kind, M, Carretero, J, Chen, R, Choi, A, Costanzi, M, da Costa, L, Derose, J, Desai, S, de Vicente, J, Devlin, M, Diehl, H, Dietrich, J, Dodelson, S, Doel, P, Doux, C, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eckert, K, Elvin-Poole, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferrero, I, Ferte, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Gallardo, P, Gatti, M, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, D, Gruen, D, Gruendl, R, Gutierrez, G, Harrison, I, Hartley, W, Hill, J, Hilton, M, Hinton, S, Hollowood, D, Hughes, J, James, D, Jarvis, M, Jeltema, T, Koopman, B, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lokken, M, Maccrann, N, Madhavacheril, M, Maia, M, Mccullough, J, Mcmahon, J, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Mohr, J, Moodley, K, Morgan, R, Myles, J, Nati, F, Navarro-Alsina, A, Niemack, M, Ogando, R, Page, L, Palmese, A, Partridge, B, Paz-Chinchon, F, Pereira, M, Pieres, A, Plazas Malagon, A, Prat, J, Raveri, M, Rodriguez-Monroy, M, Rollins, R, Romer, A, Rykoff, E, Salatino, M, Sanchez, C, Sanchez, E, Santiago, B, Scarpine, V, Schillaci, A, Secco, L, Serrano, S, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Sheldon, E, Sherwin, B, Sifon, C, Smith, M, Soares-Santos, M, Staggs, S, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, To, C, Troxel, M, Tutusaus, I, Vavagiakis, E, Weller, J, Wollack, E, Yanny, B, Yin, B, Zhang, Y, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), Univ Penn, Univ Chicago, Univ Hawaii, Ohio State Univ, Cornell Univ, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, NSFs Natl Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab, Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, Argonne Natl Lab, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Univ, Univ Portsmouth, Univ Wisconsin, Inst Astrophys Paris, Sorbonne Univ, Univ Toronto, UCL, Carnegie Mellon Univ, Duke Univ, Inst Astrofis Canarias, Univ La Laguna, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Univ Illinois, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Univ Trieste, INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Inst Fundamental Phys Universe, Observ Nacl, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Univ Oslo, CALTECH, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya IEEC, CSIC, Univ Michigan, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Univ Oxford, Univ Manchester, Univ Geneva, Columbia Univ, Flatiron Inst, Univ KwaZulu Natal, Univ Queensland, Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Astrophys Harvard & Smithsonian, Yale Univ, Univ Arizona, Macquarie Univ, Lowell Observ, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Univ Cambridge, Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Princeton Univ, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Univ Milano Bicocca, Haverford Coll, Univ Sussex, Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Pontificia Univ Catolica Valparaiso, Univ Southampton, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, NASA, Shin, T., Jain, B., Adhikari, S., Baxter, E. J., Chang, C., Pandey, S., Salcedo, A., Weinberg, D. H., Amsellem, A., Battaglia, N., Belyakov, M., Dacunha, T., Goldstein, S., Kravtsov, A. V., Varga, T. N., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Alarcon, A., Allam, S., Amon, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Bacon, D., Bechtol, K., Becker, M. R., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bocquet, S., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Campos, A., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Chen, R., Choi, A., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Derose, J., Desai, S., de Vicente, J., Devlin, M. J., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Dodelson, S., Doel, P., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Ferte, A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., Gatti, M., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Harrison, I., Hartley, W. G., Hill, J. C., Hilton, M., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Hughes, J. P., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Jeltema, T., Koopman, B. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lokken, M., Maccrann, N., Madhavacheril, M. S., Maia, M. A. G., Mccullough, J., Mcmahon, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Myles, J., Nati, F., Navarro-Alsina, A., Niemack, M. D., Ogando, R. L. C., Page, L. A., Palmese, A., Partridge, B., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pereira, M. E. S., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagon, A. A., Prat, J., Raveri, M., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Rollins, R. P., Romer, A. K., Rykoff, E. S., Salatino, M., Sanchez, C., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schillaci, A., Secco, L. F., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Sherwin, B. D., Sifon, C., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Staggs, S. T., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Troxel, M. A., Tutusaus, I., Vavagiakis, E. M., Weller, J., Wollack, E. J., Yanny, B., Yin, B., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Cold dark matter, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], Cosmology: observation, Cosmology, Galaxies clusters general, observations [Cosmology], Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cosmology observation, Physics, Cosmology: observations, Galaxies: evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, evolution [Galaxies], Cosmology observations, Galaxies evolution, Galaxy, Redshift, Galaxies: clusters: general, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Dark energy, Halo, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Shin, T., et al., We present measurements of the radial profiles of the mass and galaxy number density around Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ)-selected clusters using both weak lensing and galaxy counts. The clusters are selected from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Data Release 5 and the galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data set. With signal-to-noise ratio of 62 (45) for galaxy (weak lensing) profiles over scales of about 0.2–20 h Mpc, these are the highest precision measurements for SZ-selected clusters to date. Because SZ selection closely approximates mass selection, these measurements enable several tests of theoretical models of the mass and light distribution around clusters. Our main findings are: (1) The splashback feature is detected at a consistent location in both the mass and galaxy profiles and its location is consistent with predictions of cold dark matter N-body simulations. (2) The full mass profile is also consistent with the simulations. (3) The shapes of the galaxy and lensing profiles are remarkably similar for our sample over the entire range of scales, from well inside the cluster halo to the quasilinear regime. We measure the dependence of the profile shapes on the galaxy sample, redshift, and cluster mass. We extend the Diemer & Kravtsov model for the cluster profiles to the linear regime using perturbation theory and show that it provides a good match to the measured profiles. We also compare the measured profiles to predictions of the standard halo model and simulations that include hydrodynamics. Applications of these results to cluster mass estimation, cosmology, and astrophysics are discussed., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant no. 465376/2014-2).

Published
2021

33. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Summary of DR4 and DR5 Data Products and Data Access

Author

Joseph E. Golec, Shannon M. Duff, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Thibaut Louis, Lyman A. Page, Erminia Calabrese, E. V. Denison, Yilun Guan, Edward J. Wollack, Kavilan Moodley, Jason E. Austermann, Daniel T. Becker, John P. Hughes, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Simone Aiola, Dongwon Han, C. Sifon, John P. Nibarger, Sara M. Simon, Toshiya Namikawa, Kyra Fichman, Zhilei Xu, Blake D. Sherwin, Jo Dunkley, Maria Salatino, Brian J. Koopman, Emmanuel Schaan, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Johannes Hubmayr, Jeff McMahon, Matt Hilton, Simone Ferraro, Matthew Hasselfield, Laura Newburgh, Mark J. Devlin, Zachary Atkins, Patricio A. Gallardo, James A. Beall, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Kevin T. Crowley, J. Colin Hill, Steve K. Choi, Suzanne T. Staggs, Amanda MacInnis, Alessandro Schillaci, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Omar Darwish, Grace E. Chesmore, Neelima Sehgal, S. Amodeo, Gene C. Hilton, Emilie R. Storer, Sigurd Naess, Jeff Van Lanen, J. Richard Bond, Alexander van Engelen, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Renée Hložek, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mallaby-Kay, M, Atkins, Z, Aiola, S, Amodeo, S, Austermann, J, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Chesmore, G, Choi, S, Crowley, K, Darwish, O, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Ferraro, S, Fichman, K, Gallardo, P, Golec, J, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Louis, T, Macinnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Niemack, M, Page, L, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sifon, C, Simon, S, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Ullom, J, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Vale, L, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Data products, Art history, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Public access, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Order (virtue), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, CMB, Cosmology, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Two recent large data releases for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), called DR4 and DR5, are available for public access. These data include temperature and polarization maps that cover nearly half the sky at arcminute resolution in three frequency bands; lensing maps and component-separated maps covering ~ 2,100 deg^2 of sky; derived power spectra and cosmological likelihoods; a catalog of over 4,000 galaxy clusters; and supporting ancillary products including beam functions and masks. The data and products are described in a suite of ACT papers; here we provide a summary. In order to facilitate ease of access to these data we present a set of Jupyter IPython notebooks developed to introduce users to DR4, DR5, and the tools needed to analyze these data. The data products (excluding simulations) and the set of notebooks are publicly available on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis (LAMBDA); simulation products are available on the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)., Accepted to ApJS. 21 pages, 8 figures. Data and notebooks available on LAMBDA https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Detection of Millimeter-wave Transient Sources

Author

Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Mark Halpern, Rolando Dünner, Federico Nati, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Neelima Sehgal, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Michael D. Niemack, Megan Gralla, Erminia Calabrese, Nicholas F. Cothard, J. Colin Hill, Nick Battaglia, Sigurd Naess, Brian J. Koopman, Edward J. Wollack, Jeff McMahon, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Zhilei Xu, Bruce Partridge, Maria Salatino, Steve K. Choi, Yilun Guan, Matt Hilton, Arthur Kosowsky, J. Richard Bond, Suzanne T. Staggs, David N. Spergel, Lyman A. Page, Cody J. Duell, Naess, S, Battaglia, N, Richard Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Cothard, N, Devlin, M, Duell, C, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Gallardo, P, Gralla, M, Guan, Y, Halpern, M, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, M, Huffenberger, K, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Nati, F, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Salatino, M, Sehgal, N, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Physics, Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Stars, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Extremely high frequency, transient millimeter-wave sources, cosmology, Maximum flux, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

We report on the serendipitous discovery of three transient millimeter-wave sources using data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope. The first, detected at R.A. = 273.8138, decl. = −49.4628 at ~50σ total, brightened from less than 5 mJy to at least 1100 mJy at 150 GHz with an unknown rise time shorter than 13 days, during which the increase from 250 mJy to 1100 mJy took only 8 minutes. Maximum flux was observed on 2019 November 8. The source's spectral index in flux between 90–150 GHz was positive, α = 1.5 ± 0.2. The second, detected at R.A. = 105.1584, decl. = −11.2434 at ~20σ total, brightened from less than 20 mJy to at least 300 mJy at 150 GHz with an unknown rise time shorter than 8 days. Maximum flux was observed on 2019 December 15. Its spectral index was also positive, α = 1.8 ± 0.2. The third, detected at R.A. = 301.9952, decl. = 16.1652 at ~40σ total, brightened from less than 8 mJy to at least 300 mJy at 150 GHz over a day or less but decayed over a few days. Maximum flux was observed on 2018 September 11. Its spectrum was approximately flat, with a spectral index of α = −0.2 ± 0.1. None of the sources were polarized to the limits of these measurements. The two rising-spectrum sources are coincident in position with M and K stars, while the third is coincident with a G star.

Published
2021

35. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Constraints on Pre-Recombination Early Dark Energy

Author

J. Colin Hill, Erminia Calabrese, Simone Aiola, Nicholas Battaglia, Boris Bolliet, Steve K. Choi, Mark J. Devlin, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Simone Ferraro, Patricio A. Gallardo, Vera Gluscevic, Matthew Hasselfield, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hložek, Brian J. Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Adrien La Posta, Thibaut Louis, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Umberto Natale, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Frank J. Qu, Maria Salatino, Alessandro Schillaci, Neelima Sehgal, Blake D. Sherwin, Cristóbal Sifón, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Emilie R. Storer, Alexander van Engelen, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, HEP, INSPIRE, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hill, J, Calabrese, E, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Bolliet, B, Choi, S, Devlin, M, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Ferraro, S, Gallardo, P, Gluscevic, V, Hasselfield, M, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, La Posta, A, Louis, T, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Natale, U, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Qu, F, Salatino, M, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sifon, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Van Engelen, A, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), satellite: Planck, statistical analysis: confidence limit, multipole, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, baryon: oscillation: acoustic, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), gravitation: lens, cosmological model: parameter space, energy: density, cosmic background radiation: power spectrum, dark energy, Hubble constant, [PHYS.GRQC] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], horizon: acoustic, recombination, coherence, [PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Dark Energy, CMB, Cosmology, WMAP, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], fractional, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], fluctuation: statistical, expansion: acceleration, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The early dark energy (EDE) scenario aims to increase the value of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) inferred from cosmic microwave background (CMB) data over that found in $\Lambda$CDM, via the introduction of a new form of energy density in the early universe. The EDE component briefly accelerates cosmic expansion just prior to recombination, which reduces the physical size of the sound horizon imprinted in the CMB. Previous work has found that non-zero EDE is not preferred by Planck CMB power spectrum data alone, which yield a 95% confidence level (CL) upper limit $f_{\rm EDE} < 0.087$ on the maximal fractional contribution of the EDE field to the cosmic energy budget. In this paper, we fit the EDE model to CMB data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 4. We find that a combination of ACT, large-scale Planck TT (similar to WMAP), Planck CMB lensing, and BAO data prefers the existence of EDE at $>99.7$% CL: $f_{\rm EDE} = 0.091^{+0.020}_{-0.036}$, with $H_0 = 70.9^{+1.0}_{-2.0}$ km/s/Mpc (both 68% CL). From a model-selection standpoint, we find that EDE is favored over $\Lambda$CDM by these data at roughly $3\sigma$ significance. In contrast, a joint analysis of the full Planck and ACT data yields no evidence for EDE, as previously found for Planck alone. We show that the preference for EDE in ACT alone is driven by its TE and EE power spectrum data. The tight constraint on EDE from Planck alone is driven by its high-$\ell$ TT power spectrum data. Understanding whether these differing constraints are physical in nature, due to systematics, or simply a rare statistical fluctuation is of high priority. The best-fit EDE models to ACT and Planck exhibit coherent differences across a wide range of multipoles in TE and EE, indicating that a powerful test of this scenario is anticipated with near-future data from ACT and other ground-based experiments., Comment: v1: 25+20 pages, 6+18 figures, submitted to PRD; v2: 26+20 pages, 7+18 figures, results unchanged, matches PRD accepted version. MCMC chains available at https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actpol_mcmc_chains_get.html

Published
2021

36. Overview and status of EXCLAIM, the experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping

Author

Berhanu Bulcha, Alan J. Kogut, Amir Jahromi, Samelys Rodriguez, Jake Connors, Anthony R. Pullen, Rachel S. Somerville, P. W. Cursey, Ue-Li Pen, Alberto D. Bolatto, James Hays-Wehle, Carolyne G. Volpert, Elijah Visbal, Philip Daniel Mauskopf, Omid Noroozian, Adrian Sinclair, Larry Hess, Peter T. Timbie, Jonas W. Mugge-Durum, Samuel H. Moseley, Giuseppe Cataldo, Jason Glenn, Mona Mirzaei, Carole Tucker, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, Jeff McMahon, Mark O. Kimball, Christopher J. Anderson, Trevor M. Oxholm, N. Bellis, Negar Ehsan, Edward J. Wollack, Peter A. R. Ade, Thomas R. Stevenson, Alyssa Barlis, Shengqi Yang, Joseph E. Golec, Patrick C. Breysse, Peter Shirron, Ryan Stephenson, Gage Siebert, L. Lowe, Eric R. Switzer, and Emily M. Barrentine

Subjects
Physics, Brightness, Spectrometer, business.industry, Intensity mapping, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Redshift, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Balloon-borne telescope, Spectral resolution, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation)
Abstract

The EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture Intensity Mapping (EXCLAIM) is a balloon-borne far-infrared telescope that will survey star formation history over cosmological time scales to improve our understanding of why the star formation rate declined at redshift z < 2, despite continued clustering of dark matter. Specifically,EXCLAIM will map the emission of redshifted carbon monoxide and singly-ionized carbon lines in windows over a redshift range 0 < z < 3.5, following an innovative approach known as intensity mapping. Intensity mapping measures the statistics of brightness fluctuations of cumulative line emissions instead of detecting individual galaxies, thus enabling a blind, complete census of the emitting gas. To detect this emission unambiguously, EXCLAIM will cross-correlate with a spectroscopic galaxy catalog. The EXCLAIM mission uses a cryogenic design to cool the telescope optics to approximately 1.7 K. The telescope features a 90-cm primary mirror to probe spatial scales on the sky from the linear regime up to shot noise-dominated scales. The telescope optical elements couple to six ��-Spec spectrometer modules, operating over a 420-540 GHz frequency band with a spectral resolution of 512 and featuring microwave kinetic inductance detectors. A Radio Frequency System-on-Chip (RFSoC) reads out the detectors in the baseline design. The cryogenic telescope and the sensitive detectors allow EXCLAIM to reach high sensitivity in spectral windows of low emission in the upper atmosphere. Here, an overview of the mission design and development status since the start of the EXCLAIM project in early 2019 is presented., SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1912.07118

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. In situ Performance of the Low Frequency Arrayfor Advanced ACTPol

Author

Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Sara M. Simon, Jason E. Austermann, Shannon M. Duff, Joel N. Ullom, Marius Lungu, Yaqiong Li, Edward J. Wollack, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Suzanne T. Staggs, Maria Salatino, Lyman A. Page, Yuhan Wang, Johannes Hubmayr, Zhilei Xu, Gene C. Hilton, Joseph E. Golec, Matthew Hasselfield, Steve K. Choi, Sarah Marie Bruno, James A. Beall, Kevin T. Crowley, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Jason R. Stevens, Michael D. Niemack, and Nicholas F. Cothard

Subjects
Cosmic microwave background, Synchrotron radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, business.industry, Detector, Bolometer, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Polarimeter, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Transition edge sensor, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Advanced Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (AdvACT) \cite{thornton} is an upgrade for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope using Transition Edge Sensor (TES) detector arrays to measure cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropies in multiple frequencies. The low frequency (LF) array was deployed early 2020. It consists of 292 TES bolometers observing in two bands centered at 27 GHz and 39 GHz. At these frequencies, it is sensitive to synchrotron radiation from our galaxy as well as to the CMB, and complements the AdvACT arrays operating at 90, 150 and 230 GHz. We present the initial LF array on-site characterization, including the time constant, optical efficiency and array sensitivity.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Search for Planet 9

Author

Naess, S, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Bond, R, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Cothard, N, Halpern, M, Colin Hill, J, Koopman, B, Devlin, M, Mcmahon, J, Dicker, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Fanfani, V, Ferraro, S, Gallardo, P, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hincks, A, Huffenberger, K, Kosowsky, A, Louis, T, Macinnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Nati, F, Niemack, M, Page, L, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sif??n, C, Staggs, S, Van Engelen, A, Wollack, E, Sigurd Naess, Simone Aiola, Nick Battaglia, Richard J. Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Nicholas F. Cothard, Mark Halpern, J. Colin Hill, Brian J. Koopman, Mark Devlin, Jeff McMahon, Simon Dicker, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Valentina Fanfani, Simone Ferraro, Patricio A. Gallardo, Yilun Guan, Dongwon Han, Matthew Hasselfield, Adam D. Hincks, Kevin Huffenberger, Arthur B. Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Amanda Macinnis, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman Page, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, John Orlowski-Scherer, Alessandro Schillaci, Benjamin Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Crist??bal Sif??n, Suzanne Staggs, Alexander Van Engelen, Edward J. Wollack, Naess, S, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Bond, R, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Cothard, N, Halpern, M, Colin Hill, J, Koopman, B, Devlin, M, Mcmahon, J, Dicker, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Fanfani, V, Ferraro, S, Gallardo, P, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hincks, A, Huffenberger, K, Kosowsky, A, Louis, T, Macinnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Nati, F, Niemack, M, Page, L, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sif??n, C, Staggs, S, Van Engelen, A, Wollack, E, Sigurd Naess, Simone Aiola, Nick Battaglia, Richard J. Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Nicholas F. Cothard, Mark Halpern, J. Colin Hill, Brian J. Koopman, Mark Devlin, Jeff McMahon, Simon Dicker, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Valentina Fanfani, Simone Ferraro, Patricio A. Gallardo, Yilun Guan, Dongwon Han, Matthew Hasselfield, Adam D. Hincks, Kevin Huffenberger, Arthur B. Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Amanda Macinnis, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman Page, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, John Orlowski-Scherer, Alessandro Schillaci, Benjamin Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Crist??bal Sif??n, Suzanne Staggs, Alexander Van Engelen, and Edward J. Wollack

Abstract

We use Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) observations at 98 GHz (2015-2019), 150 GHz (2013-2019), and 229 GHz (2017-2019) to perform a blind shift-and-stack search for Planet 9. The search explores distances from 300 au to 2000 au and velocities up to 6.'3 per year, depending on the distance (r). For a 5 Earth-mass Planet 9 the detection limit varies from 325 au to 625 au, depending on the sky location. For a 10 Earth-mass planet the corresponding range is 425 au to 775 au. The predicted aphelion and most likely location of the planet corresponds to the shallower end of these ranges. The search covers the whole 18,000 square degrees of the ACT survey. No significant detections are found, which is used to place limits on the millimeter-wave flux density of Planet 9 over much of its orbit. Overall we eliminate roughly 17% and 9% of the parameter space for a 5 and 10 Earth-mass Planet 9, respectively. These bounds approach those of a recent INPOP19a ephemeris-based analysis, but do not exceed it. We also provide a list of the 10 strongest candidates from the search for possible follow-up. More generally, we exclude (at 95% confidence) the presence of an unknown solar system object within our survey area brighter than 4-12 mJy (depending on position) at 150 GHz with current distance 300 au < r < 600 au and heliocentric angular velocity 1.'5 yr(-1) < nu.500 au/r< 2.'' 3 yr(-1), corresponding to low-to-moderate eccentricities. These limits worsen gradually beyond 600 au, reaching 5-15 mJy by 1500 au.

Published
2021

39. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: measurement and analysis of 1D beams for DR4

Author

Marius Lungu, Emilie R. Storer, Matthew Hasselfield, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Erminia Calabrese, Grace E. Chesmore, Steve K. Choi, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Patricio A. Gallardo, Joseph E. Golec, Yilun Guan, J. Colin Hill, Adam D. Hincks, Johannes Hubmayr, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Roberto Puddu, Alessandro Schillaci, Cristóbal Sifón, Suzanne Staggs, Dhaneshwar D. Sunder, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Lungu, M, Storer, E, Hasselfield, M, Duivenvoorden, A, Calabrese, E, Chesmore, G, Choi, S, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Gallardo, P, Golec, J, Guan, Y, Hill, J, Hincks, A, Hubmayr, J, Madhavacheril, M, Mallaby-Kay, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Puddu, R, Schillaci, A, Sifon, C, Staggs, S, Sunder, D, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, CMBR experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), CMBR detector, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe the measurement and treatment of the telescope beams for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope's fourth data release, DR4. Observations of Uranus are used to measure the central portion (, 32 pages, 21 figures

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. CCAT-prime: Designs and status of the first light 280 GHz MKID array and mod-cam receiver

Author

Doug Johnstone, Sara M. Simon, Eve M. Vavagiakis, B. Dober, Thomas Nikola, Jason E. Austermann, Kayla Rossi, Gordon J. Stacey, Yaqiong Li, Bugao Zou, Patricio A. Gallardo, Steve K. Choi, Jiansong Gao, Terry Herter, Michael D. Niemack, Scott Chapman, Adrian Sinclair, Zachary B. Huber, Nicholas F. Cothard, Jordan Wheeler, Michael R. Vissers, Johannes Hubmayr, Philip Daniel Mauskopf, Cody J. Duell, Christopher Groppi, and Jeff McMahon

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Aperture, media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, First light, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, 010309 optics, Telescope, Optics, law, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, NIST, Millimeter, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Microwave, media_common
Abstract

The CCAT-prime project's first light array will be deployed in Mod-Cam, a single-module testbed and first light cryostat, on the Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST) in Chile's high Atacama desert in late 2022. FYST is a six-meter aperture telescope being built on Cerro Chajnantor at an elevation of 5600 meters to observe at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths.1 Mod-Cam will pave the way for Prime-Cam, the primary first generation instrument, which will house up to seven instrument modules to simultaneously observe the sky and study a diverse set of science goals from monitoring protostars to probing distant galaxy clusters and characterizing the cosmic microwave background (CMB). At least one feedhorn-coupled array of microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) centered on 280 GHz will be included in Mod-Cam at first light, with additional instrument modules to be deployed along with Prime-Cam in stages. The first 280 GHz detector array was fabricated by the Quantum Sensors Group at NIST in Boulder, CO and includes 3,456 polarization-sensitive MKIDs. Current mechanical designs allow for up to three hexagonal arrays to be placed in each single instrument module. We present details on this first light detector array, including mechanical designs and cold readout plans, as well as introducing Mod-Cam as both a testbed and predecessor to Prime-Cam., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2020, Paper Number: 11453-58

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. TolTEC focal plane arrays: design, characterization, and performance of kilopixel MKID focal planes

Author

Jason E. Austermann, James A. Beall, Sophia Abi-Saad, Eric Van Camp, Marc Berthoud, Dennis Lee, Sara M. Simon, Jiansong Gao, Michael R. Vissers, Joel N. Ullom, Jeff McMahon, Johannes Hubmayr, Giles Novak, Gene C. Hilton, Philip Daniel Mauskopf, Bradley Dober, Zhiyuan Ma, Jeff Van Lanen, Yvonne Ban, Kamal Souccar, Michael McCrackan, Reid Contente, Natalie DeNigris, Christopher M. McKenney, Emily Lunde, Grant W. Wilson, and Stephen Kuczarski

Subjects
Physics, Resonator, Cardinal point, Optics, business.industry, Large Millimeter Telescope, Extremely high frequency, Detector, Polarimetry, Polarimeter, business, Microwave
Abstract

TolTEC is a 3-band millimeter-wave imaging polarimeter scheduled for deployment to the Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT) in January 2020. TolTEC consists of three, kilopixel-scale, monolithic arrays of microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs), together comprising over 7,000 polarization sensitive detectors. Here we describe many of the unique aspects of the TolTEC all-silicon focal plane design. We then present both laboratory and fully integrated in-receiver measurements in the lab with which we characterize the optical, resonator, and noise properties of the arrays.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. The TolTEC camera: an overview of the instrument and in-lab testing results

Author

James A. Beall, Marc Berthoud, Gene C. Hilton, Sean Bryan, David Sánchez-Arguelles, L. M. Fissel, Emily Lunde, Grant W. Wilson, Michael McCrackan, J. N. Ullom, Daniel Ferrusca, Adrian Sinclair, John Bussan, Zhiyuan Ma, Peter A. R. Ade, Mohsen Hosseini, Edgar Castillo, David H. Hughes, Philip Mauskopf, Joseph C. Bardin, Jason E. Austermann, Robert Golina, Min S. Yun, Jeff Van Lanen, Ivan Rodriguez, Yvonne Ban, Christopher M. McKenney, Alexandra Pope, Johannes Hubmayr, Itziar Aretxaga, S. Gordon, Miguel Chavez, Eric Van Camp, Reid Contente, Miranda Eiben, Joseph E. Golec, Sophia Abi-Saad, M. Velázquez, Amy Ralston, F. Peter Schloerb, Carole Tucker, Kamal Souccar, Sara M. Simon, Jiansong Gao, Stephen Kuczarski, Bradley Dober, G. Pisano, Giles Novak, Ana Torres Campos, Hamdi Mani, Jeff McMahon, Michael R. Vissers, Robert A. Gutermuth, Arturo Gomez, Dennis Lee, Eric Weeks, and Natalie DeNigris

Subjects
instrumentation, Physics, business.industry, Kinetic inductance detectors, Large Millimeter Telescope, Polarimeter, Polarimetry, millimetre wave astronomy, instrumentation, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, millimetre wave astronomy, law, Polarimetry, business
Abstract

TolTEC is a three-band imaging polarimeter for the Large Millimeter Telescope. Simultaneously observing with passbands at 1.1mm, 1.4mm and 2.0mm, TolTEC has diffraction-limited beams with FWHM of 5, 7, and 11 arcsec, respectively. Over the coming decade, TolTEC will perform a combination of PI-led and Open-access Legacy Survey projects. Herein we provide an overview of the instrument and give the first quantitative measures of its performance in the lab prior to shipping to the telescope in 2021.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Searching for anisotropic cosmic birefringence with polarization data from SPTpol

Author

Kent D. Irwin, W. L. Holzapfel, Jason W. Henning, A. A. Stark, J. D. Hrubes, Jeff McMahon, N. W. Halverson, Andreas Bender, T. M. Crawford, T.-L. Chou, L. Balkenhol, C. Sievers, Gensheng Wang, W. L. K. Wu, John E. Carlstrom, E. J. Baxter, W. B. Everett, Joshua Montgomery, Christian L. Reichardt, Marius Millea, A. E. Lowitz, V. G. Yefremenko, C. Pryke, Adrian T. Lee, Lloyd Knox, Dale Li, Joaquin Vieira, K. Vanderlinde, Gene C. Hilton, L. M. Mocanu, Jason Gallicchio, Y. Omori, K. K. Schaffer, Peter A. R. Ade, S. Patil, A. T. Crites, Jason E. Austermann, K. T. Story, S. S. Meyer, C. Corbett Moran, Valentine Novosad, T. de Haan, Jessica Avva, Graeme Smecher, P. Chaubal, J. E. Ruhl, A. J. Gilbert, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, Adam Anderson, M. A. Dobbs, A. Manzotti, S. Padin, Nathan Whitehorn, N. Huang, H. C. Chiang, Nikhel Gupta, Carole Tucker, G. I. Noble, Federico Bianchini, G. Simard, John P. Nibarger, Andrew Nadolski, J. A. Beall, Robert I. Citron, T. Natoli, Lindsey Bleem, Elizabeth George, T. Veach, Johannes Hubmayr, C. L. Chang, Bradford Benson, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and SPT

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, anisotropy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, temperature: fluctuation, polarization: rotation, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, inflation, Anisotropy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, birefringence, Chern-Simons term, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, coupling constant, magnetic field: primordial, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, correlation: higher-order, Spectral density, Polarization (waves), Cosmology, cosmic background radiation: temperature, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Amplitude, South Pole Telescope, 13. Climate action, Sky, power spectrum: angular dependence, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a search for anisotropic cosmic birefringence in 500 deg$^2$ of southern sky observed at 150 GHz with the SPTpol camera on the South Pole Telescope. We reconstruct a map of cosmic polarization rotation anisotropies using higher-order correlations between the observed cosmic microwave background (CMB) $E$ and $B$ fields. We then measure the angular power spectrum of this map, which is found to be consistent with zero. The non-detection is translated into an upper limit on the amplitude of the scale-invariant cosmic rotation power spectrum, $L(L+1)C_L^{\alpha\alpha}/2\pi < 0.10 \times 10^{-4}$ rad$^2$ (0.033 deg$^2$, 95% C.L.). This upper limit can be used to place constraints on the strength of primordial magnetic fields, $B_{1 \rm Mpc} < 17 {\rm nG} $ (95% C.L.), and on the coupling constant of the Chern-Simons electromagnetic term $g_{a\gamma} < 4.0 \times 10^{-2}/H_I $ (95% C.L.), where $H_I$ is the inflationary Hubble scale. For the first time, we also cross-correlate the CMB temperature fluctuations with the reconstructed rotation angle map, a signal expected to be non-vanishing in certain theoretical scenarios, and find no detectable signal. We perform a suite of systematics and consistency checks and find no evidence for contamination., Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures - new subsection on non-Gaussian foregrounds, conclusions unchanged - updated to match published version on PRD

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: component-separated maps of CMB temperature and the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect

Author

Simone Aiola, Michael D. Niemack, Federico Nati, C. Sifon, Brian J. Koopman, Kavilan Moodley, Victoria Calafut, Graeme E. Addison, Jeff McMahon, Matthew Hasselfield, Matt Hilton, Arthur Kosowsky, Nicholas Battaglia, Erminia Calabrese, Alexander van Engelen, Edward J. Wollack, David N. Spergel, Marius Lungu, Joanna Dunkley, J. Richard Bond, Renée Hložek, Alessandro Schillaci, Suzanne T. Staggs, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Emmanuel Schaan, Mark Halpern, Simone Ferraro, Vera Gluscevic, Mark J. Devlin, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Patricio A. Gallardo, Thibaut Louis, Zhilei Xu, Taylor Baildon, Neelima Sehgal, Steve K. Choi, Bruce Partridge, Amanda MacInnis, Lyman A. Page, Loïc Maurin, J. Colin Hill, Naomi Robertson, Blake D. Sherwin, Rachel Bean, Emilie R. Storer, Sigurd Naess, Adam D. Hincks, Rahul Datta, Dongwon Han, Martine Lokken, John P. Hughes, Omar Darwish, Rolando Dünner, Sara M. Simon, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Madhavacheril, M, Hill, J, Naess, S, Addison, G, Aiola, S, Baildon, T, Battaglia, N, Bean, R, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Choi, S, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Gallardo, P, Gluscevic, V, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Ho, S, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Lokken, M, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Macinnis, A, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Nati, F, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Robertson, N, Sehgal, N, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sherwin, B, Sifon, C, Simon, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Van Engelen, A, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, CMB, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Particle and Plasma Physics, Cosmic infrared background, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Black-body radiation, Planck, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Galaxy, Cosmology, 13. Climate action, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, symbols, Spectral energy distribution, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Optimal analyses of many signals in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) require map-level extraction of individual components in the microwave sky, rather than measurements at the power spectrum level alone. To date, nearly all map-level component separation in CMB analyses has been performed exclusively using satellite data. In this paper, we implement a component separation method based on the internal linear combination (ILC) approach which we have designed to optimally account for the anisotropic noise (in the 2D Fourier domain) often found in ground-based CMB experiments. Using this method, we combine multi-frequency data from the Planck satellite and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol) to construct the first wide-area, arcminute-resolution component-separated maps (covering approximately 2100 sq. deg.) of the CMB temperature anisotropy and the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect sourced by the inverse-Compton scattering of CMB photons off hot, ionized gas. Our ILC pipeline allows for explicit deprojection of various contaminating signals, including a modified blackbody approximation of the cosmic infrared background (CIB) spectral energy distribution. The cleaned CMB maps will be a useful resource for CMB lensing reconstruction, kinematic SZ cross-correlations, and primordial non-Gaussianity studies. The tSZ maps will be used to study the pressure profiles of galaxies, groups, and clusters through cross-correlations with halo catalogs, with dust contamination controlled via CIB deprojection. The data products described in this paper are available on LAMBDA., Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures, matches version accepted by PRD. Data products are available on LAMBDA at https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/act_dr4_derived_maps_get.cfm

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Measurements of B -mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background from 500 square degrees of SPTpol data

Author

W. B. Everett, Jason Gallicchio, S. Patil, Lindsey Bleem, G. P. Holder, K. Vanderlinde, P. Chaubal, Jeff McMahon, S. S. Meyer, Gensheng Wang, C. L. Chang, C. Sievers, J. D. Hrubes, T. de Haan, Elizabeth George, Kent D. Irwin, Jason W. Henning, L. M. Mocanu, W. L. Holzapfel, Robert I. Citron, A. T. Crites, N. W. Halverson, Christian L. Reichardt, Jason E. Austermann, John P. Nibarger, Andrew Nadolski, Joaquin Vieira, T. Natoli, Bradford Benson, Graeme Smecher, W. L. K. Wu, C. Corbett Moran, Matt Dobbs, Jessica Avva, N. L. Harrington, T. M. Crawford, Gene C. Hilton, Stephen Padin, A. J. Gilbert, Adam Anderson, Dale Li, H. C. Chiang, John E. Carlstrom, J. E. Ruhl, Amy N. Bender, C. Tucker, K. K. Schaffer, N. Huang, A. E. Lowitz, Valentine Novosad, Antony A. Stark, J. T. Sayre, Johannes Hubmayr, T. Veach, J. A. Beall, G. I. Noble, Adrian T. Lee, Federico Bianchini, Lloyd Knox, Nikhel Gupta, Benjamin Saliwanchik, V. G. Yefremenko, C. Pryke, Joshua Montgomery, Peter A. R. Ade, and Nathan Whitehorn

Subjects
Physics, Quantum Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Molecular, Spectral density, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), Atomic, Nuclear & Particles Physics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle and Plasma Physics, South Pole Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, astro-ph.CO, Nuclear, Anisotropy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We report a B-mode power spectrum measurement from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization anisotropy observations made using the SPTpol instrument on the South Pole Telescope. This work uses 500 deg$^2$ of SPTpol data, a five-fold increase over the last SPTpol B-mode release. As a result, the bandpower uncertainties have been reduced by more than a factor of two, and the measurement extends to lower multipoles: $52 < \ell < 2301$. Data from both 95 and 150 GHz are used, allowing for three cross-spectra: 95 GHz x 95 GHz, 95 GHz x 150 GHz, and 150 GHz x 150 GHz. B-mode power is detected at very high significance; we find $P(BB < 0) = 5.8 \times 10^{-71}$, corresponding to a $18.1 ��$ detection of power. An upper limit is set on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r < 0.44$ at 95% confidence (the expected $1 ��$ constraint on $r$ given the measurement uncertainties is 0.22). We find the measured B-mode power is consistent with the Planck best-fit $��$CDM model predictions. Scaling the predicted lensing B-mode power in this model by a factor Alens, the data prefer Alens = $1.17 \pm 0.13$. These data are currently the most precise measurements of B-mode power at $\ell > 320$., 16 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to PRD

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. Planar self-similar antennas for broadband millimeter-wave measurements

Author

P. D. Mauskopf, Jeff McMahon, H. M. Cho, Peter K. Day, Bradley R. Johnson, Daniel Flanigan, Simon Doyle, Kent D. Irwin, Peter A. R. Ade, J. Meinke, and Dale Li

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Lenslet, Condensed Matter Physics, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Optics, Dual-polarization interferometry, Planar, 0103 physical sciences, Broadband, Extremely high frequency, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, business, Microwave
Abstract

Self-similar antennas offer extremely broadband functionality and easily scalable designs. Self-similar designs with a four-arm layout are also suited for dual polarization through excitations of opposing arms, although there has only been limited use of them for millimeter-wave detectors. These antennas have been used for measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), which encompass a wide frequency range and are now actively focusing more on polarization anisotropies. We analyze multiple planar self-similar antenna designs with simulations in high-frequency structure simulator and ongoing physical testing. They all exhibit broadband operation between 130 and 230 GHz and can couple to both linear polarizations through the previously mentioned four-arm symmetry. Simulations include each antenna design coupled to an extended hemispherical, AR-coated lenslet. From these, a basic bowtie-like arm design produced minimal polarization wobble with moderate beam efficiency, while a hybrid trapezoidal design provided high beam efficiency with small polarization wobble. Current fabrication versions of each are being tested, coupled to multichroic microwave kinetic inductance detectors. These planar self-similar antennas, when implemented in CMB and other detectors, could improve observations while simultaneously simplifying fabrication and detector layout.

Published
2020

47. Millimeter-wave Point Sources from the 2500-square-degree SPT-SZ Survey: Catalog and Population Statistics

Author

L. M. Mocanu, Daniel P. Marrone, John E. Carlstrom, K. T. Story, S. S. Meyer, Manuel Aravena, Z. K. Staniszewski, Scott Chapman, M. Archipley, W. L. Holzapfel, Erik Shirokoff, C. L. Chang, Christian L. Reichardt, L. Zhang, B. Stalder, Lindsey Bleem, R. Williamson, W. B. Everett, T. de Haan, J. D. Hrubes, Jeff McMahon, A. T. Crites, Axel Weiß, Eric R. Switzer, T. Natoli, Joaquin Vieira, Antony A. Stark, K. Vanderlinde, A. C. Mangian, S. Padin, K. K. Schaffer, D. Luong-Van, Cassie Reuter, J. E. Ruhl, Joseph J. Mohr, T. M. Crawford, M. A. Dobbs, J. T. Sayre, Justin Spilker, N. W. Halverson, Jason E. Austermann, N. L. Harrington, Bradford Benson, Elizabeth George, Adrian T. Lee, Lloyd Knox, C. Pryke, and Gilbert Holder

Subjects
Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, Strong gravitational lensing, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Submillimetre astronomy, 0103 physical sciences, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Stars, South Pole Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a catalog of emissive point sources detected in the SPT-SZ survey, a contiguous 2530-square-degree area surveyed with the South Pole Telescope (SPT) from 2008 - 2011 in three bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. The catalog contains 4845 sources measured at a significance of 4.5 sigma or greater in at least one band, corresponding to detections above approximately 9.8, 5.8, and 20.4 mJy in 95, 150, and 220 GHz, respectively. Spectral behavior in the SPT bands is used for source classification into two populations based on the underlying physical mechanisms of compact, emissive sources that are bright at millimeter wavelengths: synchrotron radiation from active galactic nuclei and thermal emission from dust. The latter population includes a component of high-redshift sources often referred to as submillimeter galaxies (SMGs). In the relatively bright flux ranges probed by the survey, these sources are expected to be magnified by strong gravitational lensing. The survey also contains sources consistent with protoclusters, groups of dusty galaxies at high redshift undergoing collapse. We cross-match the SPT-SZ catalog with external catalogs at radio, infrared, and X-ray wavelengths and identify available redshift information. The catalog splits into 3980 synchrotron-dominated and 865 dust-dominated sources and we determine a list of 506 SMGs. Ten sources in the catalog are identified as stars. We calculate number counts for the full catalog, and synchrotron and dusty components, using a bootstrap method and compare our measured counts with models. This paper represents the third and final catalog of point sources in the SPT-SZ survey., 43 pages, 19 figures, 7 tables. Submitted to AAS Journals 03/05/2020. 03/23/2020 co-author affiliation and acknowledgments updated

Published
2020

48. The cross correlation of the ABS and ACT maps

Author

Johannes Hubmayr, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Shannon M. Duff, Sigurd Naess, Emilie Storer, Lucas Parker, Edward J. Wollack, Jonathan Sievers, Suzanne T. Staggs, Akito Kusaka, Patricio A. Gallardo, Thibaut Louis, Lyman A. Page, Sara M. Simon, Maria Salatino, Simone Aiola, Joseph W. Fowler, Joanna Dunkley, David Alonso, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, John W. Appel, Jeff McMahon, Kevin T. Crowley, Bruce Partridge, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Michael D. Niemack, Cristóbal Sifón, J. Richard Bond, Zack Li, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Federico Nati, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Li, Z, Naess, S, Aiola, S, Alonso, D, Appel, J, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Crowley, K, Essinger-Hileman, T, Duff, S, Dunkley, J, Fowler, J, Gallardo, P, Ho, S, Hubmayr, J, Kusaka, A, Louis, T, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Nati, F, Niemack, M, Page, L, Parker, L, Partridge, B, Salatino, M, Sievers, J, Sifon, C, Simon, S, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Wollack, E, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Spectral line, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Planck, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, CMBR polarization, Physics, Cross-correlation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols, CMBR experiment, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Noise (radio), CMBR detector, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

One of the most important checks for systematic errors in CMB studies is the cross correlation of maps made by independent experiments. In this paper we report on the cross correlation between maps from the Atacama B-mode Search (ABS) and Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) experiments in both temperature and polarization. These completely different measurements have a clear correlation with each other and with the Planck satellite in both the EE and TE spectra at $\ell, Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures. For an interactive demonstration of the methods, see https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1CnMGLn-J3pySv8A9ffNWDSlXlJWMrp2W

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectra at 98 and 150 GHz

Author

Kavilan Moodley, Emilie R. Storer, Simone Aiola, Phumlani Phakathi, Jeff Van Lanen, E. Grace, Stefania Amodeo, Felipe Rojas, Yaqiong Li, Nick Battaglia, Precious Sikhosana, Suzanne T. Staggs, Vera Gluscevic, Robert Thornton, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Christine G. Pappas, Rolando Dünner, Danica Marsden, Yilun Guan, Felipe Carrero, Blake D. Sherwin, Sigurd Naess, Leopoldo Infante, Adam D. Hincks, Toshiya Namikawa, Zhilei Xu, Brittany Fuzia, Graeme E. Addison, Kasey Wagoner, Daniel T. Becker, J. Richard Bond, Jason E. Austermann, Sarah Marie Bruno, Matthew Hasselfield, Naomi Robertson, Jesse Treu, Vincent Lakey, John P. Nibarger, Timothy D. Morton, Sara M. Simon, David N. Spergel, Jesus Rivera, Michael R. Nolta, Zack Li, Shawn W. Henderson, Max Fankhanel, Martine Lokken, B. Thorne, Mark J. Devlin, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, James A. Beall, Yuhan Wang, Kevin T. Crowley, John Orlowski-Sherer, Bruce Partridge, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Laura Newburgh, Grace E. Chesmore, Alessandro Schillaci, Jon Sievers, Dhaneshwar D. Sunder, Federico Nati, Rahul Datta, Dale Li, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Shannon M. Duff, Edward V. Denison, Peter A. R. Ade, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Erminia Calabrese, Roberto Puddu, J. Colin Hill, Elio Angile, Jo Dunkley, Omar Darwish, Kenda Knowles, Marius Lungu, Megan Gralla, Susan E. Clark, Jeff Klein, Fernando Zago, Dongwon Han, Brandon S. Hensley, Devin Crichton, Renée Hložek, Peter Charles Hargrave, Frank J. Qu, Neelima Sehgal, Leila R. Vale, Matt Hilton, Gene C. Hilton, Joseph E. Golec, Heather Prince, Mandana Amiri, Alexander van Engelen, Maria Salatino, Loïc Maurin, Andrina Nicola, Lyman A. Page, Thibaut Louis, Steve K. Choi, Michael D. Niemack, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Nicholas F. Cothard, Victoria Calafut, Jonathan T. Ward, Carole Tucker, Arthur Kosowsky, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Kent D. Irwin, Hsiao-Mei Cho, Edward J. Wollack, Anna E. Fox, Ningfeng Zhu, Amanda MacInnis, Felipe Maldonado, Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Cristóbal Sifón, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Mark Halpern, Simone Ferraro, Hy Trac, Patricio A. Gallardo, Maximilian H. Abitbol, Taylor Baildon, Luis E. Campusano, Rebecca Jackson, Carlos Sierra, Felipe Menanteau, Jason R. Stevens, John P. Hughes, Cody J. Duell, Eric R. Switzer, Kirsten Hall, Rachel Bean, David Alonso, Choi, S, Hasselfield, M, Ho, S, Koopman, B, Lungu, M, Abitbol, M, Addison, G, Ade, P, Aiola, S, Alonso, D, Amiri, M, Amodeo, S, Angile, E, Austermann, J, Baildon, T, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, Bean, R, Becker, D, Richard Bond, J, Bruno, S, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Campusano, L, Carrero, F, Chesmore, G, Cho, H, Clark, S, Cothard, N, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duell, C, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fankhanel, M, Ferraro, S, Fox, A, Fuzia, B, Gallardo, P, Gluscevic, V, Golec, J, Grace, E, Gralla, M, Guan, Y, Hall, K, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hargrave, P, Henderson, S, Hensley, B, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Infante, L, Irwin, K, Jackson, R, Klein, J, Knowles, K, Kosowsky, A, Lakey, V, Li, D, Li, Y, Li, Z, Lokken, M, Louis, T, Macinnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Maldonado, F, Mallaby-Kay, M, Marsden, D, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Menanteau, F, Moodley, K, Morton, T, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Nicola, A, Niemack, M, Nolta, M, Orlowski-Sherer, J, Page, L, Pappas, C, Partridge, B, Phakathi, P, Prince, H, Puddu, R, Qu, F, Rivera, J, Robertson, N, Rojas, F, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sierra, C, Sievers, J, Sifon, C, Sikhosana, P, Simon, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Stevens, J, Storer, E, Sunder, D, Switzer, E, Thorne, B, Thornton, R, Trac, H, Treu, J, Tucker, C, Vale, L, van Engelen, A, van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, E, Wagoner, K, Wang, Y, Ward, J, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Zago, F, Zhu, N, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ACT

Subjects
Physics, CMBR polarisation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cosmic microwave background, Library science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmological parameters from CMBR, 0103 physical sciences, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, CMBR experiment, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the CMB measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 5400 deg$^2$ of the 2013-2016 survey, which covers $>$15000 deg$^2$ at 98 and 150 GHz. For this analysis we adopt a blinding strategy to help avoid confirmation bias and, related to this, show numerous checks for systematic error done before unblinding. Using the likelihood for the cosmological analysis we constrain secondary sources of anisotropy and foreground emission, and derive a "CMB-only" spectrum that extends to $\ell=4000$. At large angular scales, foreground emission at 150 GHz is $\sim$1% of TT and EE within our selected regions and consistent with that found by Planck. Using the same likelihood, we obtain the cosmological parameters for $\Lambda$CDM for the ACT data alone with a prior on the optical depth of $\tau=0.065\pm0.015$. $\Lambda$CDM is a good fit. The best-fit model has a reduced $\chi^2$ of 1.07 (PTE=0.07) with $H_0=67.9\pm1.5$ km/s/Mpc. We show that the lensing BB signal is consistent with $\Lambda$CDM and limit the celestial EB polarization angle to $\psi_P =-0.07^{\circ}\pm0.09^{\circ}$. We directly cross correlate ACT with Planck and observe generally good agreement but with some discrepancies in TE. All data on which this analysis is based will be publicly released., Comment: 44 pages, 27 figures, products available on the NASA LAMBDA website, version accepted for publication in JCAP

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Wideband 67−116 GHz receiver development for ALMA Band 2

Author

S. Ricciardi, Magnus Strandberg, H. Gibson, Neil M. Phillips, Igor Lapkin, Gianni Marconi, Grace E. Chesmore, D. Vigano, Victor Belitsky, Axel Murk, C. De Breuck, Jeff McMahon, Keiko Kaneko, Alvaro Gonzalez, Alec Josaitis, J. Ceru, Juan Daniel Gallego, Francesco Cavaliere, Mikko Kotiranta, I. Lopez-Fernandez, V. Tapia, Luca Terenzi, Leonardo Testi, F. Pezzotta, S. Mariotti, Renzo Nesti, Danielle George, D. Cuadrado-Calle, Pavel A. Yagoubov, Niklas Wadefalk, Kevin Coughlin, Fabrizio Villa, Joseph E. Golec, R. Molina, Mathias Fredrixon, Francisca Kemper, B. Thomas, Tony Mroczkowski, Nicolas Reyes, William McGenn, Patricio Mena, Yoshinori Uzawa, M. Sandri, F. Cuttaia, Gary A. Fuller, Maria T. Beltrán, ITA, GBR, DEU, ESP, NLD, RUS, SWE, CHE, and Electromagnetics

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer science, Local oscillator, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Radio spectrum, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wideband, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, business.industry, Amplifier, Bandwidth (signal processing), 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften, Electrical engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Polarization (waves), 530 Physik, Intermediate frequency, Instrumentation: interferometers, Space and Planetary Science, Infrared window, 500 Naturwissenschaften, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business
Abstract

ALMA has been operating since 2011, but has not yet been populated with the full suite of intended frequency bands. In particular, ALMA Band 2 (67-90 GHz) is the final band in the original ALMA band definition to be approved for production. We aim to produce a wideband, tuneable, sideband-separating receiver with 28 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth per polarisation operating in the sky frequency range 67-116 GHz. Our design anticipates new ALMA requirements following the recommendations in the 2030 ALMA Development Roadmap. The cryogenic cartridge is designed to be compatible with the ALMA Band 2 cartridge slot, where the coldest components -- the feedhorns, orthomode transducers, and cryogenic low noise amplifiers -- operate at a temperature of 15 K. We use multiple simulation methods and tools to optimise our designs for both the passive optics and the active components. The cryogenic cartridge interfaces with a room temperature cartridge hosting the local oscillator (LO) and the downconverter module. This warm cartridge is largely based on GaAs semiconductor technology and is optimised to match the cryogenic receiver bandwidth with the required instantaneous LO tuning range. Our collaboration has designed, fabricated, and tested multiple technical solutions for each of the components, producing a state-of-the-art receiver covering the full ALMA Band 2 & 3 atmospheric window. The receiver is suitable for deployment on ALMA in the coming years, and is capable of dual-polarisation, sideband-separating observations in intermediate frequency bands spanning 4-18 GHz, for a total of 28 GHz on-sky bandwidth per polarisation channel. We conclude that the 67-116 GHz wideband implementation for ALMA Band 2 is now feasible, and this receiver is a compelling instrumental upgrade that will enhance observational capabilities and scientific reach., 23 pages, accepted for publication in A&A on 20 Dec 2019. This version corrects the affiliations of 2 co-authors

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results