Search

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is mainly transmitted by the invasive mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. However, genetic adaptations of the virus to the peri domestic mosquito vector Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus has resulted in enhanced vector competence and associated epidemics and may contribute to further geographic expansion of CHIKV. However, evidence-based data on the relative role of Ae. albopictus in CHIKV transmission dynamics are scarce, especially in regions where Ae. aegypti is the main vector, such as in Brazil. Here, we review the CHIKV genotypes circulating in Brazil, spatial and temporal distribution of Chikungunya cases in Brazil, and susceptibility to infection and transmission (i.e., vector competence) of Ae. albopictus for CHIKV to better understand its relative contribution to the virus transmission dynamics.

IntroductionBovine tuberculosis is one of the primary infectious diseases affecting cattle. Although several countries have managed to eradicate this zoonosis it remains endemic and uncontrolled across many countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Brazil launched its national control and eradication program in 2001, and since then, epidemiological studies have been carried out to define optimal control strategies and to enable the management of the process in each region.MethodsThis study covered the state of Pará, which was divided into three regions, in each of which a pre-established number of properties were randomly selected, and within each property, a minimum number of animals were drawn to be tested by the tuberculin test to classify the farm as infected or free of the disease. A questionnaire was administered to the selected properties to identify the risk factors for the disease.ResultsA total of 976 properties comprising 17,151 animals were tested. The prevalence of infected properties in the regions ranged from 3.1% [1.3; 4.9] to 18.6% [14.3; 22.9], while tuberculin-positive animals ranged from 0.24% [0.09; 0.40] to 4.8% [2.4; 7.3]. The introduction of cattle untested for bTB and the renting of pastures have been identified as risk factors for the disease in this state.DiscussionPará has one of the highest prevalences of bovine tuberculosis in Brazil, and the implications of these results for public health were discussed. We therefore proposed that the state’s Official Veterinary Service, together with the private dairy and meat sectors, pursue the objective of controlling or eradicating the disease, along with mechanisms to verify its effectiveness. The differences between the two objectives were discussed, but in both cases, an education program is necessary to inform cattle and buffalo breeders that they need to test animals for tuberculosis before introducing them to their farms, and also to avoid renting pastures for cattle to graze and rest while moving on foot, as these practices have contributed the most to the spread of bTB in the state.

A apicultura é uma atividade econômica que está em crescimento no Brasil. Destaca-se que no ano de 2022, o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) foi o maior produtor nacional de mel, responsável por 9.014 toneladas, 15% da produção nacional. A apicultura ainda é uma atividade majoritariamente realizada por agricultores familiares que necessitam de apoio especializado para desenvolvê-la. O projeto de extensão Laboratório de Análise do Mel, tem como objetivo apoiar a apicultura da região nordeste do RS, especificamente, os municípios de Caxias do Sul, Nova Petrópolis e Vacaria. Nesse relato de experiência, os colaboradores apresentam a linha de trabalho que se refere a realização gratuita das análises físico-químicas dos méis produzidos na região e as interações nesta cadeia produtiva. A partir do recebimento de amostras de méis de apicultores e associações, foram realizadas as análises físico-químicas previstas na Instrução Normativa (IN) nº 11 de 2000 do Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária (MAPA) solicitadas pelos órgãos reguladores, afim de comercializar formalmente os produtos no mercado. Desde seu início, foram recebidas 232 amostras de mel, mais de 50 famílias apicultoras foram atendidas e três associações beneficiadas pelo projeto que, atuando no campo, nas casas de mel e no controle de qualidade dos produtos, contribuiu para o emprego digno e alimentação de qualidade. Palavras-chave: Apicultores; Cadeia Produtiva; Extensão Universitária; Físico-químicas Honey analysis laboratory: Support for beekeeping Abstract: Beekeeping is an economic activity that is growing in Brazil. Notably, in 2022, the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) was the most prominent national producer of honey, responsible for 9,014 tons, 15% of national production. Beekeeping is still mainly carried out by family farmers who require specialized support to develop it. The Laboratory of Honey Analysis extension project aims to support beekeeping in the northeast region of RS. Namely, Caxias do Sul, Nova Petrópolis, and Vacaria municipalities. In this experience report, the collaborators present the line of work that refers to the free performance of physical-chemical analyses of honey produced in the region and the interactions in this production chain. Upon receipt of honey samples from beekeepers and associations, were carried out the physical-chemical analyses provided for in the Normative Instruction (NI) nº 11/2000 from the ‘Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária (MAPA)’ of Brazil, whose attendance is requested by regulatory bodies in order to commercialize their products on the market formally. Since its inception, 232 honey samples have been received, more than 50 beekeeping families have been served, and three associations have benefited from the project operated in the field, in honey houses, and product quality control, contributing to decent employment and quality food. Keywords: Beekeepers; Productive Chain; University Extension; Physical Chemical

Introdução: O Brasil passa por transições nutricionais significativas nas últimas décadas, como a redução do número de casos de desnutrição e o aumento acelerado de pessoas com obesidade. Como consequência, observa-se o aumento da incidência de casos de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) e o aumento da obesidade, que frequentemente acomete pessoas de idade mais elevada. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de intervenção nutricional e de cuidados com o sobrepeso realizada em idosos vinculados à Atenção Primária à Saude (APS). Relato da experiência: Experiência educacional de intervenção nutricional, realizada no mês de janeiro de 2024, em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) na cidade de Picos, Piauí. Foram incluídos na ação educativa todos os idosos moradores no território da UBS. A ação foi desenvolvida por discentes e docente do curso de Nutrição da Universidade Federal do Piauí. Ocorreu em três etapas. Na etapa inicial houve a apresentação do projeto para a equipe da UBS. Em um segundo momento aconteceu a aprovação dos materiais educativos a serem utilizados (jogo e folder informativo) e, por fim, foi realizada a intervenção nutricional. Participaram da ação 14 idosos. Por meio do diálogo expositivo em roda de conversa foram priorizadas informações e orientações sobre a melhoria de hábitos alimentares cotidianos, enfatizando a necessidade de cuidados individuais, nutricionais e de aspectos emocionais, sociais e econômicos. A linguagem acessível/sem termos técnicos favoreceu a receptividade, o interesse e a compreensão dos idosos durante a intervenção. Conclusão: A roda de conversa mediada por linguagem acessível, assim como os materiais educativos produzidos mostraram-se facilitadores da ação educativa neste grupo específico. Abordagens e ferramentas educacionais interativas devem ser avaliadas pelos educadores no planejamento das ações educativas, considerando o perfil dos participantes. Reitera-se a necessidade de formação dos profissionais mediadores de ações educativas na APS, por meio da educação permanente.

Strychnos (Loganiaceae, Gentianales) is a large and pantropical genus of woody plants, ethnobotanically important as a source of many toxic alkaloids, including strychnine. Unfortunately, the status of numerous names at various ranks of Strychnos remains unresolved, including that of many specific or infraspecific taxa in the Neotropics. In this study, we address Strychnos bredemeyeri (basionym Lasiostoma bredemeyeri), a species described in 1827 based on type material collected in Venezuela during the poorly documented Austrian Märter expedition (1783–1788). Strychnos bredemeyeri is an unarmed liana with solitary tendrils and axillary inflorescences that occurs in Neotropical rainforests and savannas in Brazil, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. We clarify here the nomenclatural status of Lasiostoma Schreb., an illegitimate and superfluous genus currently in synonymy under Strychnos, and its former species Lasiostoma bredemeyeri [= Strychnos bredemeyeri]. Also, we lectotypify S. pedunculata and S. trinitensis, both taxa currently synonyms of S. bredemeyeri.

Abstract The learning management system (LMS) is a software based on SAAS, internet navigator, or user application, which manage the teaching and learning of an academic or non-academic program. This work presents a comparison of 45 LMSs. The objective of this research is to report a study of the LMS developed for higher education. This objective is addressed by considering all LMSs with online access to information. For the comparison study, an evaluation criteria has been developed based on the literature review from the past 20 years. This evaluation methodology is based on Software Quality and Teaching-Learning tools for online educational platforms (SQTL), it is composed by six criteria: interoperability, accessibility, productivity tools, communication tools, learning tools, finally with the security standards and certifications. The maximum sum of SQTL score is 10 points and the minimum 0. The best LMS according to the comparison are Paradiso and Moodle with 9.50 and 9.25 points, respectively. Paradiso has around 1 million users and Moodle over 250 millions. The Google Sheets with the collected raw data and SQTL scores are available in https://shorturl.at/wqDWk .

Background and aims: Pteris is widely distributed with ca. 65 species in the Tropics. In Brazil, 24 species were recognized and five of them are endemic to the Atlantic Forest. The objective of the present paper is to re-evaluate the taxonomy of Pteris occurring in Brazil, based on new morphological evidence of old and recent specimens deposited in herbaria, analysis of types, and observations in the field. M&M: The new approaches are based on morphological data such as SEM images of the spores and from the examination of herbarium collections mainly from SP and RB Herbaria. Results: Four species are being recognized in the present paper (P. lata, P. organensis, P. praealta, and P. sericea). For two of them, two new combinations into Pteris are presented: P. organensis and P. praealta. A key to distinguishing the newly recognized species and its relative taxa, as well as descriptions, illustrations, and comments are presented in this paper. Conclusions: By reviewing herbarium materials, mainly observing the morphology of the spores, and collecting more specimens in the field, it was possible to recognize three species (Pteris lata, P. organensis, and P. praealta) in Brazil and also verify the correct application of the name Pteris sericea to the Brazilian plants. All these names had been previously synonymized in previous studies. After this study, 27 species of Pteris are recognized in Brazil.

This special section investigates the history of communication and media studies across national and linguistic contexts in the Americas. It maps transnational entanglements that have shaped communication inquiry in the multiple forms it has taken in South and North America and the Caribbean. At the same time, the section’s articles attend to political, institutional, and cultural dynamics that shaped the field in different national and local contexts. In so doing, the special section throws light on topics and regions that have received little attention in English-language literature, and draws attention to historic lines of hegemony, exclusion, resistance, and alternative traditions of research across the hemisphere. In this editors’ introduction, we outline the origins of the collective effort, connect it to parallel projects in two Latin American journals, and introduce the outstanding essays that follow. | Esta sección especial investiga la historia de los estudios sobre comunicación y medios en los diferentes contextos nacionales y/o lingüísticos de las Américas. Para ello, mapea los múltiples enlaces transnacionales que han dado forma a la investigación de la comunicación en sus vertientes norte y sudamericanas, así como en el Caribe. A la vez, los artículos de esta sección prestan atención particularmente a distintos contextos nacionales y locales. De esta manera, esta sección especial nos permite iluminar algunos de los temas y algunas de las regiones que han permanecido oscurecidas por la literatura anglofona, prestando especial atención a las líneas históricas de hegemonía, exclusión y resistencia, así como a las tradiciones de investigación alternativas que se han dado en el hemisferio. En esta introducción a cargo de los editores, señalamos los orígenes de este esfuerzo colectivo, lo conectamos con otros proyectos similares que se han dado en dos revistas latinoamericanas y, finalmente, introducimos los maravillosos ensayos que conforman esta sección especial.

RESUMO A Mata Atlântica é um “hotspot” de biodiversidade, devido a sua elevada riqueza, endemicidade e ameaças. Caracterizamos as fitofisionomias e listamos as espécies vasculares do Parque Estadual Lagamar de Cananéia (PELC). Foram coletadas as espécies de diferentes hábitos encontradas ao longo das trilhas percorridas no PELC e o mapeamento das fitofisionomias foi feito por fotointerpretação. Mapeamos oito fitofisionomias vegetacionais, com Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana, representando 53,9%, enquanto as Montanas e das Terras Baixas cobriram 14,3% e 13,2%, respectivamente. A flora conhecida do PELC é composta por 540 espécies vasculares distribuídas em 122 famílias, sendo 55 espécies de Samambaias e Licófitas, duas Gimnospermas e 483 Angiospermas, com espécies em risco de extinção (20 espécies). O PELC possui fitofisionomias importantes e flora com elevada riqueza de espécies, ratificando sua importância para a conservação da biodiversidade da Mata Atlântica no Estado de São Paulo.

The increase in the fleet of motor vehicles circulating in urban centers is one of the main generators of gaseous pollutants harmful to human health and the environment. Pollutants can be economically and effectively monitored through passive sampling. This study aims to estimate NO2 levels on roads of Fortaleza city /CE using the passive sampling method. 12 campaigns covered the rainy (March-June) and the dry (July-November) seasons in 2019. The seasonal averages of NO2 in the rainy season were higher than the dry one, and Almirante Rubim Street showed the greatest difference in the averages: 26.6 µg m-3 in the rainy and 19.3 µg m-3 in the dry season. The principal component analysis applied to the averages of NO2 concentration in the rainy and dry seasons, vehicle traffic and Height of the road/width ratio indicated that components 1, 2 and 3 explain 94.4% of the studied cases. Passive sampling proved to be efficient, contributing to the production of unpublished data about NO2 levels in streets of Fortaleza/Ceará/Brazil from mobile sources.

O referido texto é uma resenha do livro intitulado 'Fazer a mão: por uma escrita inventiva na universidade' (Lisboa: Edições do Saguão, 2019) do professor português Jorge Ramos do Ó.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Functional incapacity caused by physical alterations leads to significant limitations in daily activities and has a major impact on the return of people with disabilities to the social space and the workplace. This calls for an evaluation of the long-term influence of the use of a device specially developed for orthostatic posture on the physiological, biomechanical and functional parameters of amputees and spinal cord patients. Objective: The objective was evaluate the effect of postural support device use on function, pain, and biomechanical and cardiologic parameters in spinal cord injury and amputees patients compared to a control group. Methods: The orthostatic device was used by the participants for a period of ten consecutive days, for three cycles of 50 minutes each day, and a 15-day follow-up. Participants were positioned and stabilized using adjustable straps on the shoulders, trunk, and hips. The primary outcome was brief pain inventory. Fifteen participants were included the control group, 15 in the amputee group, and 15 in the spinal cord group. Results: Our results demonstrate that the use of the device allows the orthostatic position of amputees and spinal cord patients evaluated for ten days, leading to improved functionality and pain in the spinal cord and amputee groups compared to the control group. In addition, no changes were observed for secondary outcomes, indicating that the use of the device did not cause harm interference to patients. Conclusion: The long-term use of the orthostatic device is beneficial for improving functionality, reduce pain in amputees and spinal cord injury patients. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the results of treatment.

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional process that challenges the central dogma of molecular biology by modifying RNA sequences, introducing nucleotide changes at specific sites, and generating functional diversity beyond the genomic code, especially when it concerns organellar transcripts. In plants, this phenomenon is widespread, but its extent varies significantly among species and organellar genomes. Among land plants, the heterosporous lycophytes (i.e., Isoetes and Selaginella) stand out for their exceptionally high numbers of RNA-editing sites, despite their morphological stasis and ancient lineage. In this study, we explore the complete set of organellar protein-coding genes in the aquatic plant group Isoetes, providing a detailed analysis of RNA editing in both the mitochondrial and plastid genomes. Our findings reveal a remarkable abundance of RNA editing, particularly in the mitochondrial genome, with thousands of editing sites identified. Interestingly, the majority of these edits result in non-silent substitutions, suggesting a role in fine-tuning protein structure and function. Furthermore, we observe a consistent trend of increased hydrophobicity in membrane-bound proteins, supporting the notion that RNA editing may confer a selective advantage by preserving gene functionality in Isoetes. The conservation of highly edited RNA sequences over millions of years underscores the evolutionary significance of RNA editing. Additionally, the study sheds light on the dynamic nature of RNA editing, with shared editing sites reflecting common ancestry whereas exclusive edits matching more recent radiation events within the genus. This work advances our understanding of the intricate interplay between RNA editing, adaptation, and evolution in land plants and highlights the unique genomic features of Isoetes, providing a foundation for further investigations into the functional consequences of RNA editing in this enigmatic plant lineage.

Summary: Inherited metabolic disorders are a group of genetic conditions that can cause severe neurological impairment and child mortality. Uniquely, these disorders respond to dietary treatment; however, this option remains largely unexplored because of low disorder prevalence and the lack of a suitable paradigm for testing diets. Here, we screened 35 Drosophila amino acid disorder models for disease-diet interactions and found 26 with diet-altered development and/or survival. Using a targeted multi-nutrient array, we examine the interaction in a model of isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency, an infant-lethal disorder. We show that dietary cysteine depletion normalizes their metabolic profile and rescues development, neurophysiology, behavior, and lifelong fly survival, thus providing a basis for further study into the pathogenic mechanisms involved in this disorder. Our work highlights the diet-sensitive nature of metabolic disorders and establishes Drosophila as a valuable tool for nutrigenomic studies for informing potential dietary therapies.

To review the evidence about inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in patients in postoperative of cardiac surgery. We conducted this systematic review used the databases Ovid, LILACS, CINAHL, PubMed, PEDro, and CENTRAL. Randomized clinical trials that addressed IMT after cardiac surgery were selected. The outcomes assessed were maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), tidal volume (TV), peak expiratory flow (PEF), functional capacity (6-minute walk test) and length of hospital stay. The mean difference between groups and the respective 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and used to quantify the effect of continuous outcomes. Seven studies were selected. The IMT was superior to the control over MIP 15.77 cmH2O (95% CI, 5.95–25.49), MEP 15.87 cmH2O (95% CI, 1.16–30.58), PEF 40.98 L/min (95% CI, 4.64–77.32), TV 184.75 mL (95% CI, 19.72–349.77), hospital stay -1.25 days (95% CI, -1.77 to -0.72), but without impact on functional capacity 29.93 m (95% CI, -27.59 to 87.45). Based on the results presented, IMT was beneficial as a form of treatment for patients after cardiac surgery.

The incidence of patients affected by dental trauma is quite frequent. The treatment of choice should be selected according to the severity level of dental trauma in odontology. Periapical injuries caused by trauma can lead to a rupture of the pulpal blood supply. The objective of the present paper is to present a clinical case of endodontic therapy on two necrotic teeth with a periapical lesion resulting from dental trauma. A 36-year-old patient, male, melanoderma, normosystemic, attended the Nilton Lins University Dental Clinic reporting anterior region discomfort on chewing. He also complained about his smile due to tooth darkening. Sensibility tests were performed, confirming a state of necrosis in teeth 11 and 12. In the periapical radiographs, the teeth presented a radiolucent, circumscribed image delimited in the root apex region, suggesting periapical injury. Based on clinical and radiographic findings, the proposed treatment was pulpectomy with subsequent endogenous bleaching. The endodontic intervention was performed in two sessions after exposure to intracanal medication and endogenous bleaching in four sessions, using the association of 37% Whiteness carbamide peroxide and 20% Whiteness sodium perborate. The success or failure of endodontic treatment with a periapical lesion is related to the control of the infection associated with the healing response, whether partial or total. The treatment proved effective after one year of follow-up, supported by the clinical characteristics combined with the radiographic findings, promoting the return of the teeth to their aesthetic and functional capacities, meeting the expected expectations. The patient is under follow-up.

This essay reflects on the potential for scholarship that sensitively treats the histories of media and communication research across the Americas. Writing from the contexts of U.S. communication studies, we begin by reflexively considering some of the bases of U.S. hegemony within the history and historiography of the field. We suggest the importance of work that provincializes and decenters the U.S. and also traces transnational flows and cross-regional dynamics that have constituted communication studies in all its versions across the Americas. We then illustrate what a transnational history of U.S.-Latin American entanglements might resemble, offering a provisional periodization from the early twentieth century to the present.

Os pavimentos asfálticos são comumente utilizados em grandes centros urbanos no Brasil. No entanto, vários contaminantes do ar são emitidos durante o ciclo de produção desses pavimentos devido, principalmente, a necessidade de uso de altas temperaturas durante esse processo. Esta pesquisa visa avaliar os níveis de poluição durante o processo de produção (usinagem) de misturas asfáltica em contexto real. Para avaliar tal aspecto, foram analisadas emissões de poluentes atmosféricos geradas em uma usina de misturas asfálticas durante seu período de operação em comparação com o seu estágio de inatividade. Utilizaram-se os métodos de amostragem passiva para a quantificação do dióxido de nitrogênio (NO2) e do dióxido de enxofre (SO2) e amostragem ativa para a quantificação de Material Particulado de tamanho aerodinâmico inferior a 10 µm (MP10), nas quais foram realizadas as suas especiações químicas quanto aos Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis (COVs), aos Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos (HPAs) e ao Níquel (Ni). Comparando os resultados encontrados no contexto da usina em operação com aqueles obtidos durante o seu estágio de inatividade, houve um aumento na concentração de todos os poluentes analisados, dos quais destaca-se o MP10 com COVs, HPAs e Ni adsorvido.

ABSTRACT Introduction: the ability of the care team to reliably predict postoperative risk is essential for improvements in surgical decision-making, patient and family counseling, and resource allocation in hospitals. The Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered POTTER (Predictive Optimal Trees in Emergency Surgery Risk) calculator represents a user-friendly interface and has since been downloaded in its iPhone and Android format by thousands of surgeons worldwide. It was originally developed to be used in non-traumatic emergency surgery patients. However, Potter has not been validated outside the US yet. In this study, we aimed to validate the POTTER calculator in a Brazilian academic hospital. Methods: mortality and morbidity were analyzed using the POTTER calculator in both trauma and non-trauma emergency surgery patients submitted to surgical treatment between November 2020 and July 2021. A total of 194 patients were prospectively included in this analysis. Results: regarding the presence of comorbidities, about 20% of the population were diabetics and 30% were smokers. A total of 47.4% of the patients had hypertensive prednisone. After the analysis of the results, we identified an adequate capability to predict 30-day mortality and morbidity for this group of patients. Conclusion: the POTTER calculator presented excellent performance in predicting both morbidity and mortality in the studied population, representing an important tool for surgical teams to define risks, benefits, and outcomes for the emergency surgery population.

Textile effluents are complex, making it difficult to choose an effective treatment. The textile effluent toxicity in Lactuca sativa after pulsed current (PC) electrocoagulation (EC) was evaluated in this study. The EC was performed using 304 stainless steel electrodes in batch mode. Parameters monitored included pH, temperature, color, and turbidity. Additionally, the process residue was subjected to energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XFR) to determine the elements present. The process achieved proportional color and turbidity removal ranging from 97 to 99% and from 74 to 85%, respectively. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen removal were 81 and 49%, respectively, in a 50 min time-lapse. The process generated approximately 1.7 kg of solid residue/m3 treated effluent. The XFR results revealed the presence, mainly, of Fe, Cr, and Ni ions in the residue, as well as chlorine. The germination index (GI) and relative growth values showed that EC reduced effluent toxicity slightly, indicating the need for complementary treatment. HIGHLIGHTS A lower energy consumption electrocoagulation process by the pulsed current was studied for textile wastewater treatment.; The color and turbidity removal were modeled under the influence of stirring rate, pulse frequency, and inter-electrode distance.; XRF analysis to determine the electrochemical residue composition is essential for the process's understanding.;

Um projeto de fundações superficiais por sapatas compreende as etapas de interpretação dos dados geotécnicos, o cálculo da capacidade de carga e tensão admissível, o dimensionamento estrutural e geométrico das fundações e estimativa dos recalques imediatos da sapata. As planilhas eletrônicas desenvolvidas no Microsoft Excel mostram-se excelentes ferramentas para automatização desses cálculos, uma vez que possibilitam otimizar o tempo e reduzir as falhas humanas. Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de planilhas eletrônicas para dimensionamento geotécnico e estrutural da fundação superficial por sapatas. As planilhas foram validadas utilizando os dados de um projeto de referência apresentado por Albuquerque e Garcia (2020) e Bastos (2019) a fim de verificar sua aplicabilidade. Todos os resultados obtidos por meio das planilhas eletrônicas foram similares aos resultados apresentados no projeto de referência e se mostraram importantes ferramentas para uniformizar as soluções obtidas, realizar cálculos em um tempo mais curto do que se fossem realizados manualmente, além de permitir diferentes cenários para uma mesma situação. Com interface simples, as planilhas deste estudo podem ser utilizadas tanto para fins acadêmicos como profissionais, além de serem úteis para o desenvolvimento de análises paramétricas de concepção estrutural através de ferramentas estatísticas.

This work aimed to analyze the effect of different pretreatments and the use of laccase on the degradation of oxytetracycline residues in milk and whey. Milk samples containing 200 μM concentration of oxytetracycline were heat treated, coagulated to obtain whey, skimmed, or left untreated. In turn, these were divided into 3 subgroups, which were inoculated with 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 mg L-1of laccase. Control samples were taken at time 0 and, after the addition of the enzyme, samples were taken every hour for 6 hours. Extraction and quantification of the antibiotic in the milk or whey samples were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Finally, a Repeated Measures ANOVA procedure was applied and the differences between groups were determined with the Bonferroni test. The thermal pretreatments and skimming did not substantially decrease oxytetracycline in milk, while acid coagulation resulted in whey with a reduction of more than 75% of the antibiotic. None of these treatments favored laccase activity. Using double or triple the concentration of laccase throughout the 6-hour study did not increase the degradation of the antibiotic. The use of laccase on raw milk or acid coagulation resulted in antibiotic residues below the limit established by the Codex Alimentarius so that the milk or whey could be disposed of directly into the environment or used for animal feed.

Abstract. The Pteridaceae is one of the most diverse families of ferns, with representatives adapted to diverse habitats ranging from aquatic to dry environments. It is the most species-rich family of ferns in the Brazilian Cerrado, although it is still poorly known in some areas of this domain in Maranhão state. Our objective was to investigate the diversity of Pteridaceae in Cerrado remnants in Maranhão. We based our study on the morphological analyses of specimens deposited in the herbaria, as well as additional new collections made by us and collaborators. Five genera comprising 15 species were recorded. Illustrations, an identification key, taxonomic comments, habitat, and geographic distribution are provided.

RESUMO Pacientes oncológicos desenvolvem problemas cardíacos frequentes devido à toxidade dos quimioterápicos, com consequente impacto na capacidade funcional (CF) e na qualidade de vida (QV). O treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI) pode ser um recurso terapêutico viável, já que estudos de causa-efeito demonstraram melhora da CF e da QV em outras populações. Contudo, seu efeito ainda não foi avaliado em pacientes cardio-oncológicos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o efeito de um programa de TMI sobre a CF e a QV de uma paciente com cardiotoxicidade: LDM, com 41 anos, mulher e sedentária, que desenvolveu insuficiência cardíaca após tratamento quimioterápico. A QV foi avaliada pelo teste de Minnesota. Foram avaliados também a força muscular inspiratória dinâmica (S-Index) e o limiar glicêmico (LG) dos músculos inspiratórios. O LG foi determinado pela glicemia capilar por meio do glicosímetro digital (Accu-Chek - Roche) no menor valor da glicemia da carga correspondente ao teste muscular inspiratório incremental (TMII). A progressão da carga foi realizada a cada duas semanas. Ao final de dois meses, todos os testes foram reaplicados. No teste de Minnesota, os valores relacionados à CF, antes e após o TMI, foram de 36 vs. 8 (melhora de 78%); aos aspectos clínicos e psicológicos foram de 32 vs. 7 (melhora de 78%), a S-Index foram de 41 vs. 51cmH2O (melhora de 24%). O TMI melhorou a CF e a QV de uma paciente cardio-oncológica, configurando-se como um recurso terapêutico viável para essa população.

Objective: To investigate the role of Complex Chronic Conditions (CCCs) on the outcomes of pediatric patients with refractory septic shock, as well as the accuracy of PELOD-2 and Vasoactive Inotropic Score (VIS) to predict mortality in this specific population. Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective cohort study. All patients diagnosed with septic shock requiring vasoactive drugs admitted to a 13-bed PICU in southern Brazil, between January 2016 and July 2018, were included. Clinical and demographic characteristics, presence of CCCs and VIS, and PELOD-2 scores were accessed by reviewing electronic medical records. The main outcome was considered PICU mortality. Results: 218 patients with septic shock requiring vasoactive drugs were identified in the 30-month period and 72% of them had at least one CCC. Overall mortality was 22%. Comparing to patients without previous comorbidities, those with CCCs had a higher mortality (26.7% vs 9.8%; OR = 3.4 [1.3–8.4]) and longer hospital length of stay (29.3 vs 14.8; OR 2.39 [1.1- 5.3]). Among the subgroups of CCCs, “Malignancy” was particularly associated with mortality (OR = 2.3 [1.0–5.1]). VIS and PELOD-2 scores in 24 and 48 hours were associated with mortality and a PELOD-2 in 48 hours > 8 had the best performance in predicting mortality in patients with CCC (AUROC = 0.89). Conclusion: Patients with CCCs accounted for the majority of those admitted to the PICU with septic shock and related to poor outcomes. The high prevalence of hospitalizations, use of resources, and significant mortality determine that patients with CCCs should be considered a priority in the healthcare system.

ABSTRACT Permanent canines are essential for the preservation of the stomatognathic system, as they are part of the occlusal and aesthetic function and balance. During the normal development of occlusion, canines follow a long and complex trajectory until their eruption, that is, they are more likely to suffer disturbances during this process. Removal of the permanent canine should only be considered in extreme cases, where the canine itself is not susceptible to orthodontic traction. Orthodontic traction is the most indicated treatment due to the high morphofunctional and aesthetic value of the permanent canine. The aim of this study is to report a clinical case of traction surgery of the superior permanent canine included in the maxilla. A 13-year-old female patient attended the dental clinic at the Nilton Lins University accompanied by her guardian, referred by an orthodontistfor canine traction surgery. during the examIn the clinical analysis, tooth 13 was absent from the dental arch. The patient had a computed tomography scan, where it was possible to verify the actual position of the toothimpacted with the partially erupted crown on the alveolar ridge. After planning, surgery was performed to install an orthodontic button and adapt the ligature with a 0.30 mm wire. After the 10-month follow-up period, the presence of the tooth in arch, completely erupted, was observed, showing effectiveness in the proposed treatment. Therefore, the procedure for bonding the orthodontic device was performed satisfactorily without complications or intercurrences, making it possible to continue the orthodontic treatment. The patient remains under follow-up.

Objective: The present study revisited three classification systems of orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) (Chandler, Mortimore & Wormald, and Velasco e Cruz & Anselmo-Lima) and observed which of them presented the best clinical applicability. Methods: Clinical data and CT scan findings of patients with orbital infection were retrospectively collected. To compare the three classification systems, we revised and graded all CT images accordingly, and divided the patients into four groups: Eyelid cellulitis (EC), orbital cellulitis (OC), subperiosteal abscess (SA), and orbital abscess (OA). The groups were compared regarding the presence of sinus opacification, the need for hospitalization and/or surgical treatment, and the presence of further complications/sequelae. Results: 143 patients were included. The median number of sinuses involved in patients in the OC, SA, and OA groups was 2.0. ARS was rarely associated with signs of EC (present in both Chandler’s and Mortimore & Wormald’s classifications. The hospitalization rate was significantly lower in the EC group compared to the other three groups. Surgery was performed in all cases in the OA group, in 58.1% in the SA group, 19.4% in the OC group, and 12.5% in the EC group (p-value

This article describes how the Austrian-American sociologist Paul F. Lazarsfeld and his Bureau of Social Research applied a consistent bundle of findings—about the interplay of mass media and personal influence—to sharply different contexts. From the late 1930s through to the early 1950s, Lazarsfeld stressed a stable set of socialpsychological conditions that complicate media persuasion, which, however, could still be effective if paired with faceto- face campaigns. He developed the claim, first, with the aim of promoting educational radio. At the outbreak of war in Europe, Lazarsfeld and the Bureau moved to apply the findings to domestic morale and propaganda. In the immediate postwar years, Lazarsfeld redirected the Bureau’s energies towards domestic-facing social problems, retrofitting his personal-influence framework to the promotion of peace and tolerance. With the Cold War, finally, Lazarsfeld reverted to a martial posture, as social progress gave sudden way to psychological warfare. Thus, the paper describes a four-stage seesaw pattern: persuasion for social ends in the first and third periods, succeeded in both cases by war service. The Bureau’s communication research in the century’s middle-third is, the paper argues, a case study in the plasticity of social knowledge—variation around a stable theme. What was pliable was the topical enclosure, dictated in the main by the sponsorship on offer.

O comportamento do recalque de um pilar pode ser analisado utilizando métodos estatísticos. Este artigo apresenta uma aplicação da Análise de Variância (ANOVA) a partir de dados de recalque absoluto parcial, obtidos durante cinco estágios de construção de dois edifícios de múltiplos pavimentos em concreto armado, com fundações superficiais em maciço rochoso, ambos localizados na cidade de Caruaru (PE). O objetivo é verificar o comportamento do recalque de um determinado pilar em função dos demais. Para comprovação dos resultados experimentais, os testes de Fisher e Tukey foram utilizados para avaliar a menor probabilidade de rejeição da hipótese nula (H0), com erro do tipo I mantendo o nível de significância α = 0,01. Os resultados mostraram que, para uma edificação com pilares locados de forma simétrica, os pilares de borda rejeitaram H0e os pilares do canto possuem comportamento bastante similar nos dois testes; já quando os pilares não são locados de forma simétrica, quanto mais distante o pilar analisado estiver dos demais, maior será a diferença para os dois testes. A comparação dos pilares intermediários leva à conclusão de que a diferença sempre existe com os pilares de borda. Essa semelhança de comportamento foi encontrada para as duas torres. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o teste de Tukey é melhor para controlar erro do tipo I, uma vez que a maior ocorrência do erro aconteceu para o Teste de Fisher.

Abstract Objective To describe the effects of combined oral contraceptives (COC) on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Data sourcesThis is a systematic review according to the criteria of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), registered in PROSPERO under the ID: CRD42020200019. Searches were performed between August 2020 and December 2021, in the following databases: Medline via Pubmed, Cochrane Central Library, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences via Virtual Health Library. The effects of the combined oral contraceptive on plasma renin activity values, plasma renin values, angiotensinogen values— also known as plasma renin substrate— angiotensin, and/or aldosterone values. Study selectionA total of 877 studies were selected and, of these, 10 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Data collectionData were combined through qualitative synthesis and included in a spreadsheet previously prepared by the authors. Data synthesisThe collected samples ranged from 18 to 137 participants, totaling 501 women aged between 18 and 49 years throughout all studies. The studies showed increased activity of plasma renin, plasma renin substrate, angiotensin II, and aldosterone in this population. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that the COC promotes greater activation of the RAAS. Supporting the idea that its use is related to an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including systemic arterial hypertension.

A Insuficiência Cardíaca Aguda (ICA) é uma síndrome clínica complexa, cujo manejo terapêutico requer o uso de polifarmácia, que pode aumentar o risco de utilização de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropriados (MPIs) para idosos. Buscou-se avaliar a prevalência e fatores associados ao uso de MPIs por idosos internados com diagnóstico de ICA Realizou-se um estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico, no qual avaliou-se os dados de prontuários de pacientes com 60 anos ou mais com diagnóstico de ICA, admitidos em um hospital público, nos anos de 2019 e 2020, com no mínimo 48 horas de internamento. Foram coletados dados clínicos, sociodemográficos e farmacoterapêuticos. Classificou-se os MPIs de acordo com os Critérios de Beers, atualização de 2019. A associação entre variável dependente e as independentes foi realizada por meio de análise bruta e ajustada, utilizando o modelo de regressão logística binária. Foram incluídos 135 pacientes, com predomínio do sexo masculino (53,6%), média de idade 74,74±9,66, hipertensão arterial (90,9%) e polifarmácia excessiva (50,4%). A prevalência de MPI foi 98,5 %, média 3,83±1,64. As principais classes terapêuticas dos MPIs foram aquelas destinadas ao sistema cardiovascular (45,18%) e ao trato alimentar e metabolismo (30,20%). Houve associação significativa entre o número de MPIs e polifarmácia excessiva (RP=11,748; IC=3,691-37,391). Observa-se a necessidade de intervenções e práticas seguras de uso de medicamentos em idosos, inserção do farmacêutico clínico junto a equipe multidisciplinar, visando a minimizar o uso de MPI em idosos e os riscos decorrentes, haja vista a elevada prevalência do uso destes medicamentos, associados à polifarmácia excessiva nesta população.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), Minimum Detectable Change (MDC), and the Minimum Clinically Important Difference (MCID) of the isometric measurements of muscle strength of trunk extension and of flexion and knee extension at maximum contraction in healthy, paraplegic, and amputee individuals, by using an isometric dynamometer with a belt for stabilization. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the reliability of a portable isometric dynamometer in the trunk extension and flexion and knee extension movements of each group. Results: In all measurements, ICC ranged from 0.66 to 0.99, SEM from 0.11 to 3.73 kgf, and MDC from 0.30 to 10.3 kgf. The MCID of the movements ranged from 3.1 to 4.9 kgf in the amputee group and from 2.2 to 3.66 kgf in the paraplegic group. Conclusion: The manual dynamometer demonstrated good intra-examiner reliability, presenting moderate and excellent ICC results. Thus, this device is a reliable resource to measure muscle strength in amputees and paraplegics. Level of Evidence II, Cross-Sectional Study.

This paper aims to identify the socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical factors associated with COVID-19 deaths in Brazil using information from municipal and individual databases. The data was extracted from the IBGE, the Ministry of Tourism for municipalities, and the Ministry of Health for individuals, with a particular focus on the period from January 1, 2020, to May 31, 2022. Data analysis was performed based on the estimation of odds ratios through logistic regression. The results show that the probability of the death of individuals who were hospitalized by COVID-19 is greater for those living in cities with low GDP per capita, high illiteracy rates, and a high percentage of extreme poverty. In addition, individuals over 60 years old, males, racial minorities, and illiterates were more likely to die from COVID-19. This study provides evidence that the effects of COVID-19 can be alleviated by improving socioeconomic conditions.

Soft robots are advantageous for human interaction owing to their adaptability and safe interactivity. However, research on soft robots is challenging because of the complex fabrication process of elastomeric materials with multiple channels. In this study, we introduce a prototyping technique for the fabrication-friendly soft robots using pneumatic artificial muscle(PAMs) and modular 3D printed reinforcement. We presented three primitive deformation structures: bending, twisting, and contraction. Moreover, we propose a novel variable stiffness technique that alters PAMs contraction and radial expansion behavior into locking, malleable, and rotational brake features. We explore both the parallel and series arrangement of the reinforcement module and propose new types of mixing configurations and scaling techniques. We quantitatively verified the force scaling technique on different types of features. We demonstrate the feasibility of this prototyping technique through six application examples and conclude with a discussion of the limitations and possible future improvements.

Resumo Introdução Estudos que utilizam georreferenciamento se mostram úteis para tomada de decisão nas ações em saúde. Objetivo Analisar a distribuição espacial de Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) no estado da Bahia e unidades de saúde geridas pela rede. Método Estudo ecológico com análise da distribuição espacial dos casos notificados em boletins epidemiológicos da Secretária de Saúde entre 6 de março e 6 de junho de 2020. Na análise espacial foram utilizados os “I de Moran” bruto e ajustado pelo Estimador Bayesiano Global e criados mapas para visualização dos resultados. Foi realizada regressão espacial multivariável, sendo que a variável dependente esteve relacionada com os coeficientes de incidência de COVID-19, ao passo que para as independentes, identificaram-se o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano, renda per capita, densidade demográfica, quantidade de leitos, profissionais e unidades de saúde. Resultados Foram identificados 26.823 casos em 322 municípios, totalizando 58,2% na capital; municípios com maior coeficiente de incidência foram Ipiaú (718,0), Itajuípe (678,2) e Uruçuca (638,0), em macrorregiões diversas e 42 unidades de saúde em diversos níveis de complexidade, sendo 18 na capital. Conclusão Métodos de análise espacial são evidenciados como meio essencial para compreensão da espacialização da COVID-19, sendo útil como ferramenta no planejamento das ações de prevenção e controle do COVID-19.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un proyecto transmedial de investigación creación que recogió una diversidad de voces para reconstruir algunas de las experiencias individuales y colectivas del conflicto armado en la región conocida como Eje cafetero en Colombia. Además de la realización de una serie de obras, integradas por una narrativa transmedia, el proyecto muestra la utilidad de los proyectos transmediales en la doble tarea de contribuir a la reconstrucción de la memoria histórica del conflicto y de llegar a distintos públicos en diferentes formatos. El proyecto también evidencia la existencia de una conciencia dispersa pero persistente acerca de los horrores del conflicto armado en el Eje cafetero, una región que en las versiones oficiales y el imaginario social aparece como una zona de paz y prosperidad asociadas al cultivo del café. Para lograr esto, el proyecto convocó públicamente la participación de distintas personas, para que contaran sus relatos, en unos casos, y para que mostraran los resultados de su trabajo de investigación y de creación, en otros. De esta manera, el proyecto articuló voces y subjetividades que tradicionalmente se expresan por canales separados.

The genome of the major agricultural weed species, annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) was assembled, annotated and analysed. Annual ryegrass is a major weed in grain cropping, and has the remarkable capacity to evolve resistance to herbicides with various modes of action. The chromosome-level assembly was achieved using short- and long-read sequencing in combination with Hi-C mapping. The assembly size is 2.44 Gb with N50 = 361.79 Mb across 1,764 scaffolds where the seven longest sequences correspond to the seven chromosomes. Genome completeness assessed through BUSCO returned a 99.8% score for complete (unique and duplicated) and fragmented genes using the Viridiplantae set. We found evidence for the expansion of herbicide resistance-related gene families including detoxification genes. The reference genome of L. rigidum is a critical asset for leveraging genetic information for the management of this highly problematic weed species.