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1. Comparative Evaluation of Child Behavior Checklist-derived Scales in Children Clinically Referred for Emotional and Behavioural Dysregulation

Author

Efstathios Papachristou, Kurt Schulz, Jeffrey Newcorn, Anne-Claude V Bédard, Jeffrey M Halperin, and Sophia FRANGOU

Subjects
Bipolar Disorder, Children, ADHD, adolescents, oDD, screening instruments, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Background: We recently developed the Child Behavior Checklist-Mania Scale (CBCL-MS), a novel and short instrument for the assessment of mania-like symptoms in children and adolescents derived from the CBCL item pool and have demonstrated its construct validity and temporal stability in a longitudinal general population sample. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the construct validity of the 19-item CBCL-MS in a clinical sample and to compare its discriminatory ability to that of the 40-item CBCL-Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP) and the 34-item CBCL-Externalizing Scale. Methods: The study sample comprised 202 children, aged 7-12 years, diagnosed with DSM-defined Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Conduct Disorder (CD), Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and mood and anxiety disorders based on the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children. The construct validity of the CBCL-MS was tested by means of a confirmatory factor analysis. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and logistic regression analyses adjusted for sex and age were used to assess the discriminatory ability relative to that of the (CBCL-DP and the CBCL-Externalizing Scale. Results: The CBCL-MS had excellent construct validity (CFI=0.97; TLI=0.96; RMSEA=0.04). Despite similar overall performance across scales, the clinical-range scores of the CBCL-DP and the CBCL-Externalizing Scale were associated with higher odds for ODD and CD while the clinical range scores for CBCL-MS were associated with higher odds for mood disorders. The overlap amongst the children who scored within the clinical range of each scale was over 90%. Conclusion: CBCL-MS has good construct validity in general population and clinical samples and is therefore suitable for both clinical practice and research.

Published
2016
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5. Evidence, Interpretation, and Qualification From Multiple Reports of Long-Term Outcomes in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With ADHD (MTA)

Author

James, Swanson, L Eugene, Arnold, Helena, Kraemer, Lily, Hechtman, Brooke, Molina, Stephen, Hinshaw, Benedetto, Vitiello, Peter, Jensen, Ken, Steinhoff, Marc, Lerner, Laurence, Greenhill, Howard, Abikoff, Karen, Wells, Jeffery, Epstein, Glen, Elliott, Jeffrey, Newcorn, Betsy, Hoza, Timothy, Wigal, and Karen, Stern

Subjects
Time Factors, Psychology (all), MEDLINE, Scientific evidence, law.invention, Stimulant medication, Randomized controlled trial, law, Interim, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Child, Executive summary, Interpretation (philosophy), Gold standard, Behavior modification, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Multimodal treatment, Randomized clinical trial, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Combined Modality Therapy, Psychotherapy, Treatment Outcome, medicine.disease, Clinical Psychology, Psychology, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Objective: To review and provide details about the primary and secondary findings from the Multimodal Treatment study of ADHD (MTA) published during the past decade as three sets of articles. Method: In the second of a two part article, we provide additional background and detail required by the complexity of the MTA to address confusion and controversy about the findings outlined in part I (the Executive Summary). Results: We present details about the gold standard used to produce scientific evidence, the randomized clinical trial (RCT), which we applied to evaluate the long-term effects of two well-established unimodal treatments, Medication Management (MedMGT) and behavior therapy (Beh), the multimodal combination (Comb), and treatment “as usual” in the community (CC). For each of the first three assessment points defined by RCT methods and included in intent-to-treat analyses, we discuss our definition of evidence from the MTA, interpretation of the serial presentations of findings at each assessment point with a different definition of long-term varying from weeks to years, and qualification of the interim conclusions about long-term effects of treatments for ADHD based on many exploratory analyses described in additional published articles. Conclusions: Using a question and answer format, we discuss the possible clinical relevance of the MTA and present some practical suggestions based on current knowledge and uncertainties facing families, clinicians, and investigators regarding the long-term use of stimulant medication and behavioral therapy in the treatment of children with ADHD. (J. of Att. Dis. 2008; 12(1) 15-43)

Published
2008
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6. List of Contributors

Author

Ricardo Abadie-Guedes, Anissa Abi-Dargham, Osama A. Abulseoud, Jelena Acevska, Ana Adan, María A. Aguilar, Maryam Akhgari, Robert Ali, Amelia J. Anderson-Mooney, Muhammad Anees, M. Carmen Arenas, Jamie Arndt, Daniele Ascheri, Nida Ashraf, Maxie Ashton, Olga Asimaki, Jean-Michel Aubry, Harinder Aujla, A. George Awad, Mahmoud A. Awara, Ana Bagues, Yatan P.S. Balhara, Francis Bambico, Laura Barrio-Real, Selena E. Bartlett, Balapal S. Basavarajappa, Aniruddha Basu, Claiton H.D. Bau, Matthew C. Beattie, Benjamin Becker, Anton L. Beer, Deepak Behera, Irina Benaiges, Dessa Bergen-Cico, Susan E. Bergeson, Wade H. Berrettini, Leandro J. Bertoglio, Charles S. Bockman, Stefan Borgwardt, Josiane Bourque, Muge Bozkurt, Katharine Alexandra Brennan, Hilary Briggs, Samanth J. Brooks, Rachel Picada Bulcão, Ute Burkhardt, Tracy R. Butler, Eduardo Rodrigues Cabrera, Daniela Caldirola, Russell C. Callaghan, Elza Callegari, María J. Caloca, Alline C. Campos, Carla Cannizzaro, Gavin Cape, Benjamin L. Carnell, Javier R. Caso, Lucas Henrique Cendron, Yun-Hsuan Chang, Gordon L.F. Cheng, Kao Chin Chen, Kanwaljit Chopra, Tony C.H. Chow, Rachael Cico, Jason B. Cook, Maurizio Coppola, Jose A. Cortes-Briones, Janna Cousijn, Richard C. Crist, Candice E. Crocker, Kirsty Danielson, Miguel Dasilva, Malay Dave, Mariella De Biasi, Cristiane R. de Carvalho, François De Guio, Dirk De Ridder, Sonia Dhiman, Giuseppina Diaferia, Marco Diana, Joseph R. DiFranza, Aneta Dimitrovska, Le-Anh Dinh-Williams, Maja Djurendic-Brenesel, Jonathan N. Dodd, Neil C. Dodge, Paul D. Drew, Rene Drucker Colín, Irena Dujmovic, Marcelo Dutra Arbo, Scott Edwards, Afshar Etemadi-Aleagha, Cuneyt Evren, Juan Fang, Camino Fernández-Rodríguez, Radmila Filipovic, Josef Finsterer, Megan L. Fitzgerald, Manoela V. Fogaça, Diego A. Forero, Hamdy Fouad Moselhy, Marco Antonio de Freitas, Cherrie Galletly, Borja García-Bueno, Jodi M. Gatley, David Germanaud, Roger S. Gifford, Paul Glue, Gabriella Gobbi, Carlos Goicoechea, Emilio González-Arnay, Emilio González-Reimers, Rogelio González-Sarmiento, Linda Gowing, Kenneth L. Grieve, Rubem Carlos Araújo Guedes, Consuelo Guerri, Francisco S. Guimarães, Leila Guller, Jennifer Harland, Seyyed A. Hashemi, Shiva Hashemizadeh, Bei He, Salvador Hernández-López, Tyson Hickle, Shirley Y. Hill, Joan Holgate, Wei Huang, Wei-Lieh Huang, Nicholas J. Hunt, René Hurlemann, Giuseppe Iannone, Fariha Idrees, Jawaria Idrees, Kazutaka Ikeda, Nato Ivanashvili, Iliyan Ivanov, Joseph L. Jacobson, Sandra W. Jacobson, Torbjörn U.C. Järbe, Y.L. Jiang, Farzaneh Jokar, Cynthia J.M. Kane, Megan Kangiser, Victor Karpyak, Jean A. King, Bronwyn M. Kivell, Eugene A. Kiyatkin, Jochen Klein, Michelle L. Klima, Sodikdjon A. Kodirov, Michal Korostynski, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Svetlana Kulevanova, Santosh Kumar, Berthold Langguth, Mirna Bainy Leal, Sheng-Yu Lee, Tatia M.C. Lee, John Leikaif, Shih-Hsien Lin, Yu-Hsuan Lin, Xiu Liu, Valentina Lorenzetti, Ru-Band Lu, Rita Machaalani, Antoniette Maldonado-Devincci, Jean-François Mangin, Dimitra Mangoura, Patrick Manning, Jahan P. Marcu, Simon McCabe, M. Adrienne McGinn, Diana L. McKinney, Ryan McLaughin, Ian McLaughlin, Ernesta Meintjes, Narasimha M. Midde, Stefan Mihailescu, José Miñarro, Raffaella Mondola, A. Leslie Morrow, Nina R. Mota, Jeffrey Newcorn, Daisuke Nishizawa, José N. Nobrega, Christina N. Nona, Nicolas Nuñez, Ingrid Nylander, Jessica W. O’Brien, Francesco Oliva, Sara Palm, Mauricio R. Papini, Byung Lae Park, María Pascual, Juan Pedraza, Giampaolo Perna, Rocco Luigi Picci, Marcin Piechota, Vladimir Pilija, Charles Pinto, Stéphane Potvin, Jagdeo Prasad Rawat, Victor R. Preedy, Brittany M. Priddy, Ryszard Przewlocki, Jimit G. Raghav, Rajkumar Rajendram, Roshanna Rajendram, P.S.S. Rao, Anirban Ray, Ameneh Rezayof, Casto Rivadulla, Marta Rodríguez-Arias, Luciana Grazziotin Rossato, Diego L. Rovaris, Christina L. Ruby, Nikos Sakellaridis, Saad Salman, Francisco Santolaria-Fernández, Siddharth Sarkar, Jason B. Schechter, André Schmidt, Susan Scholl, April Scott, Masroor Shariff, Shiwali Sharma, Hyoung Doo Shin, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Namita Sinha, Patrick D. Skosnik, Ranilson de Souza Bezerra, Dustin J. Stairs, Gjoshe Stefkov, Dan J. Stein, Cristina A.J. Stern, Claudia Stöllberger, Reinaldo N. Takahashi, H.C. Tang, Josephine Tarren, Philip G. Tibbo, Vinod Tiwari, Carmen Torres, Federica Trivelli, Penelope Truman, Emmanouella Tsirimonaki, Sven Vanneste, Andrea R. Vansickel, Leandro F. Vendruscolo, Maria S.M. Wai, Marc Walter, Karen A. Waters, Jeffrey L. Weiner, Jodi J. Weinstein, Jordyn Weisberg, Annie M. Whitaker, Sarah Wolf-Stanton, Chen-Ying Wu, Sharon L. Wu, Cheryl C.H. Yang, Yen Kuang Yang, Kirti Yeshwant Tandel, D.T. Yew, Yashar Yousefzadeh Fard, and Yan Zhou

Published
2016
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7. Guanfacine extended release for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Efficacy following prior methylphenidate treatment

Author

Katharine Murkett, Vanja Sikirica, Amaia Hervás, Jeffrey Newcorn, Valerie Harpin, Brigitte Robertson, and Michael Huss

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, medicine.medical_treatment, effectiveness, methylphenidate, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Placebo, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Rating scale, law, Internal medicine, mental disorders, medicine, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychiatry, RC346-429, child and adolescent, guanfacine, Original Research, business.industry, Methylphenidate, 05 social sciences, Atomoxetine, trial, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Guanfacine, inadequate responders, Stimulant, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, business, GXR, atomoxetine, 050104 developmental & child psychology, medicine.drug, RC321-571
Abstract

Guanfacine extended release (GXR) and atomoxetine (ATX) are nonstimulant treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). As nonstimulant treatments are often used after stimulants in ADHD, GXR was assessed relative to prior stimulant treatment in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), in which ATX was included as a reference arm, and in the open-label phase of a randomized-withdrawal study (RWS). Participants were 6–17 years old with ADHD Rating Scale version IV (ADHD-RS-IV) scores ≥32 and Clinical Global Impressions – Severity scores ≥4. RCT participants received dose-optimized GXR (1–7 mg/day), ATX (10–100 mg/day), or placebo for 10–13 weeks. RWS participants received dose-optimized GXR (1–7 mg/day) for 13 weeks. Participants’ last stimulant medication prior to enrolment, and reasons for stopping this medication, were collected at baseline. Change from baseline ADHD-RS-IV score and the proportion of responders were assessed by prior stimulant exposure. Of 163 RCT and 296 RWS participants who had previously received stimulant treatment, 142 and 224, respectively, had received methylphenidate (MPH); due to the low number of participants and the heterogeneity of non-MPH treatments, we only report data for prior MPH treatment. The most frequent reasons for stopping MPH were lack of effectiveness or side effects. Placebo-adjusted ADHD-RS-IV changes from baseline were significant in participants receiving GXR (prior MPH, −9.8, P0.05, ES 0.15) participants. More participants met responder criteria with GXR versus placebo, regardless of prior treatment. GXR response was unaffected by prior stimulant treatment; ATX produced improvement only in stimulant-naïve participants relative to placebo. These findings may be relevant to clinical decision-making regarding sequencing of ADHD treatments., Video abstract

Published
2016

9. Traditional and Alternative Research Designs and Methods in Clinical Pediatric Psychopharmacology

Author

Jeffrey Newcorn and WILLIAM E. PELHAM, JR.

Subjects
Research design, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Population, MEDLINE, Double-Blind Method, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, Ethics, Medical, Medical physics, Child, education, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Flexibility (engineering), Protocol (science), Psychotropic Drugs, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Mental Disorders, Patient Selection, Clinical study design, Clinical trial, Psychiatry and Mental health, Treatment Outcome, Research Design, Sample size determination, Feasibility Studies, business
Abstract

Objective To review both traditional and alternative research designs and methods in pediatric psychopharmacology. Method Study designs used in clinical trials in psychiatry were selected for review with the special considerations of pediatric psychopharmacological trials in mind. Where possible, a reference to a specific published trial in pediatric psychopharmacology was provided for each design. Results It appears that pediatric psychopharmacology trials require a relatively greater flexibility in design to avoid significant study biases. Alternative research designs may be preferable to the traditional approaches, particularly when the use of the latter may raise important issues of feasibility. Conclusions Evolution of a clinical research hypothesis to a study protocol in pediatric psychopharmacology is a manageable task if one keeps in mind essential elements such as selection of study design, population, sample size, treatment duration, and efficacy assessments.

Published
1996
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10. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Author

James M Swanson, Nora D Volkow, Jeffrey Newcorn, BJ Casey, Robert Moyzis, David Grandy, and Michael Posner

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 05 social sciences, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050104 developmental & child psychology, 030227 psychiatry
Published
2006
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11. Symposia

Author

Christoph Correll, Stanley P. Kutcher, John McClellan, Jan Buitelaar, Elizabeth Pappadopulos, Aribert Rothenberger, Fritz Mattejat, Stephen Scott, John Weisz, Eberhard Schulz, Wilhelm Felder, Christian Fleischhaker, R. Böhme, B. Sixt, Rutger Jan van der Gaag, Laurence Y. Katz, Brian J. Cox, Shiny Gunasekara, Alec L. Miller, Nathaniel Laor, Peter Riedesser, Ernesto Caffo, James Leckman, Massimo Ammaniti, Giampaolo Nicolais, Mario Speranza, Hans Steiner, Laura Delizonna, Astrid Schallauer, Margo Thienemann, Alexander C. McFarlane, Miranda van Hooff, Michael Sawyer, Carlo Cianchetti, Naoufel Gaddour, Mokni Sana, Mechri Anouar, Letaief Mondher, Gaha Lotfi, Fabian Härtling, Robert Bittner, Corinna Haenschel, Marcus Cap, Tanja Goncharova, David E. J. Linden, Ralf Dittmann, Anneliese Maestele, Claudia Mehler, Eberhard Meyer, Jack A. Jenner, Leonie Boeing, Val Murray, Anthony Pelosi, Robert McCabe, Douglas Blackwood, Robert Wrate, S. Pellerano, M. Pintor, G. L. Mellis, T. Piroddi, Alan Flisher, Monique Nesa, Rosanna Rooney, Clare Roberts, Robert Kane, Sven Silburn, Lisbeth Pike, Helge Staby Deaton, Stuart Lustig, Michelle Funk, Anne Rickards, Dinah Reddihough, Roslyn Wright-Rossi, Jacqui Simpson, Dieter David Seuthe, H. Vielhaber, Kinderklinik Dritter Orden, H. Backmund, M. Gerlinghoff, Mary Schwab-Stone, Ine Jespers, Robert Vermeiren, Vladislav Ruchkin, Marek Blatny, Michal Hrdlicka, Tomas Urbanek, Martin Jelinek, Veronika Balastikova, Philippe Jeammet, Alain Frottin, Andjelka Filipovic, Eric Albert, Dora Musetti Schelotto, Mladen Knezevic, Milivoj Jovancevic, Jonathan Hill, Maria Lawlor, Christian Kienbacher, Carolin Prause, Margit Stöckl, Gertrude Bogyi, Max H. Friedrich, Michael Klein, Katrin Kürschner, Lynne Murray, Victoria Leidecker, Helen Sharp, Ilona Luoma, Pälvi Kaukonen, Tuula Tamminen, Barry Nurcombe, Graham Martin, Brett McDermott, Franz Resch, Benno Graf Schimmelman, Jane Edwards, Patrick D. McGorry, Martin Lambert, Philippe Conus, Ulrich Preuss, Dieter Bürgin, Monika Strauss, Peter Parzer, Georg Spiel, C. von Korff, H.-A. Ballin, R. Gößler, M. Günter, G. Sange, Heiner Meng, Eginhard Koch, Klaus Minde, Mary True, L. Pisani, F. Oumar, J. Padilla, Jean-François Bouville, Wendy Vogel, Klaus Schmeck, Kirstin Goth, Diane Purper-Ouakil, Véronique Dessons, Catherine Doyen, Fernando Perez-Diaz, Marie-Christine Mouren-Simeoni, Andreas Karwautz, Gudrun Wagner, Klaus Schwienbacher, Maria Haidvogl, Gerald Nobis, Janet Linda Treasure, David Andrew Collier, Romuald Brunner, A. Hueg, Johann Haffner, Marc Schmid, Lutz Goldbeck, Jakob Nützel, Volkmar Höfling, Karin Schermelleh-Engel, Helfried Moosbrugger, Josep Tomàs, Josep Cornellà, Alex Llusent, Anna Bielsa, Myron Belfer, Brian Robertson, Custodia Mandlhate, Birama Seck, Barbara Zwirs, Huib Burger, Tom Schulpen, A. Karem Salman Al-Obedy, Oleh Romanchuk, Irena Namyslowska, Björn S. Reigstad, Kirsti Margrethe Jorgensen, Walter Matthys, John Lochman, Marjo Zonnevylle-Bender, Nicolle van de Wiel, Angela Wagner, Christine Jennen-Steinmetz, Christopher Goepel, Irene van Bokhoven, Stephanie van Goozen, L. Patt Franciosi, Leode Graaf Acquoy, Anne Tischlinger, B. Pharm, Knut Halyard Bronder, Kari Schleimer, Joachim Walter, Boia Ephraime, Tatjana Dmitrieva, Alvaro Seligman Silva, Katja Becker, Hans-Christoph Steinhausen, C. Winkler Metzke, Erikson F. Furtado, Manfred Laucht, Oliver Bilke, Petra Zimmermann, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Roselind Lieb, Helga Hannesdottir, Thorarinn Tyrfingsson, Manfred Döpfner, Kurt Hahlweg, Annett Kuschel, Heike Bertram, Nina Heinrichs, Inez Freund-Braier, Gabriele Brix, Christopher Hautmann, Julia Pluck, Alfons Crijnen, Pol van Lier, Patricia Vuijk, Reiner Frank, Inger Helene Vandvik, Rainer Schäfert, Jeanne van Weel, Jan Schieveld, Jörg M. Fegert, William Friedrich, Smadar Celestin-Westreich, Leon Patrice Celestin, Ingrid Ponjaert-Kristoffersen, Keizo Nagao, M. Kisida, E. Shindo, Helmer Baying Larsen, Karin Helweg-Larsen, Ramón Lindauer, Jan Booij, Miranda Olff, Gerard den Heeten, Berthold Gersons, Frits Boer, Eric Schoentjes, Sarah Bal, Michael Schulte-Markwort, Tytti Solantaus, Sini Toikka, Maarit Alasuutari, Barbara Steck, Andrea Grether, M. Ehrensperger, Felix Amsler, L. Kappos, Rina Saha, Bela Paschen, Christiane Baldus, Miriam Haagen, Martina Pott, Georg Romer, Yoshiro Ono, H. Homma, Y. Ishida, H. Ide, M. Okamoto, S. Kameoka, Hiroshi Nakayama, A. Yamamoto, Nahit Motavalli Mukaddes, Sam Tyano, Tamar Mozes, R. Caplan, Savita Malhotra, Maria Giuseppina Ledda, Al Fratta, S. Mannino, Simona Corona, A. Zuddas, Macarena Marin Olalla, Ruth Garcia, Bernardo Perez Ramirez, Ross Campion, Peter Hindley, Nitin Gupta, Anish Bhattacharaya, Mehak Kapoor, G. van de Willge, Silke Klemm, S. Smesny, M. Stockebrand, S. Grunwald, Femmie Juffer, Marinus H. van Ijzendoorn, Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg, Ute Ziegenhain, B. Derksen, R. Dreisörner, Daniel Gutschner, Martin Maldonado-Duran, Manuel Ferndndez-Criado, Felicia Heidenreich, Marie Rose Moro, Charles Millhuff, Kirby Pope, Frank Theisen, Hubertus Himmerich, T. Kraus, A. Schuld, T. Pollmächter, Alan Apter, D. Gothelf, A. Brand-Gothelf, Gidi Ratzoni, L. Kikinzon, A. Weizman, Yuval Bloch, Michael Haberhausen, Daniel Müller, John Fayyad, Altino Bessa Marques Filho, Adolfo Bezerra de Menezes, John Campo, Sheree Shafer, Jennifer Strohm, Amanda Lucas, David Shaeffer, Harold Altman, Christine Gelachek, Naoyasu Motomura, Yozo Takino, Masahiro Iwakiri, Patrick Pössel, Simone Seemann, Martin Hautzinger, Theodore Mutale, Christian Haase, Majid Ali Abidi, Shehla Raheem, Leyla Faw, Aaron Hogue, Howard Liddle, Kirsten Catthoor, Joost Hutsebaut, Donald Jasinski, Douglas Faries, Rodney Moore, Annette Streeck-Fischer, Renate Sannwald, Gottfried Maria Barth, Christoph Schwarz, Monika Staigle, Manh-Hiep Pham, Dario Balanzin, Joelle Materi, Pia Eresund, Alexander Mokhovikov, Sandra Stankovic, Kerim Munir, Nese Erol, Füsun Çuhadarodlu Çetin, Angela Hassiotis, Martine Flament, Michael Scholz, Maud Rix, Franziska Nestler, Annegret Selisko, Nathalie Godart, Fabienne Perdereau, Zoé Rein, Florence Curt, Jane Akister, Pei-Chin Peggy Lee, Sho-Man Susan Tsai, Lai-Shiun Ho, Su-Chun Wu, Jacques Miermont, Joel Swenson, Mardjane Teherani, Bruno Falissard, Jean Cottraux, Julia Plück, Robert Oades, Mirjam Simons-Sprong, P. F. Schothorst, J. T. Swaab-Barneveld, Stephanie Juran, Matthias Weisbrod, Eric Chen, Bernd Röpcke, Smiljka Popovic-Deusic, Luise Poustka, Nele Wild-Wall, Mechthilde Papousek, Mirelle Keren, Ruth Feldman, S. Maestro, A. Chilosi, C. Pecini, L. Pfanner, Laurence Greenhill, K. Jahnsen, L. T. W. Jong-van den Berg, J. M. Zito, Kelly Posner, Anne Skrobala, Pablo Goldberg, Lisa Kotler, Robert Findling, Regina Bussing, Kapil Sayal, Geoffrey Mitchell, Michael Huss, Barbara Högl, Renate Grimmlinger, Karl Christoph Käppler, Maycoln M. L. Teodoro, Sylvia Hiromi Oswald, Janine M. Dagnoni, M. I. Pinheiro, C. T. Heleno, R. Rothe-Neves, V. G. Haase, A. Del Prette, Marimilia Rodrigues Lambertucci, J. L. Rodrigues, P. M. Freitas, C. A. P. Lourenco, H. C. W. Carvalho, J. Baumeister, M. Weisenhorn, S. Stadelmann, S. H. Oswald, H. Ruder, Ciro Ruggerini, Stefania Vicini, Enrico Pupulin, Antonio Guidi, Kaija Puura, Mirjami Mäntymaa, Kai von Klitzing, Orna Rosvald, Hans-Ludwig Kröber, A. Stöver, R. Proske, Rainer Semmelbeck, Marc Walther, Matthias Schmelzle, Monika Egli-Alge, Richard Beckett, Constanze Gerhold, Lieselotte Turkmen-Barta, Colette Chiland, Heino Meyer-Bahlburg, Domenico Di Ceglie, Ulrike Lehmkuhl, Orlando Uccellini, Mario Bertolini, Francesca Neri, Delia Albanese, Raffaella Bertola, Maartje Snoek, Martien Kas, Ulrike Margarete Elisabeth Schulze, Silke Calame, Ferdinand Keller, Stephanie Santel, Kerstin Krauel, Michael Rotte, Thomas F. Münte, Annemarie van Elburg, Fritz Poustka, Sven Bölte, Sabine Feineis-Matthews, Sven Boite, D. Hubl, D. Prvulovic, T. Dierks, Sabine Klauck, Irma Moilanen, M. Mattila, J. Laurila, K. Jussila, A. Pyper, S. L. Linna, Hanna Ebeling, D. Pauls, Pirjo Korpilahti, Soile Loukusa, Eira Jansson-Verkasalo, Johannes Hebebrand, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Anke Hinney, Anne-Kathrin Wermter, Susann Friedel, Frank Geller, Helmut Schafer, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Joanna Holliday, Kristian Holtkamp, C. Mika, M. Heer, Rudolf Uher, Nicole Barbarich, Shannan E. Henry, Ursula Bailer, Guido Frank, Walter H. Kaye, Elisabet Wentz, J. Hubert Lacey, Glenn Waller, Maria Rastam, Jeremy Turk, Christopher Gillberg, Frank C. Verhulst, Marieke Zwaanswijk, Peter Verhaak, Jozien Bensing, Jan van der Ende, Frank Verhulst, Andre Sourander, Paivi Santalahti, Tamsin Ford, Robert Goodman, Howard Meltzer, Inge Seiffge-Krenke, Richard Fritsch, Marika Cutler, E. James Anthony, Per-Anders Rydelius, Rolf Castell, Milica Pejovic-Milovancevic, Miroslav Pavlovic, Noa Kalman, Muli Linder, Ido Luria, Yechiel Levkovitz, Kosuke Yamazaki, Pedro Caldeira da Silva, Grata Santos, Filipa Martins, Yen-Nan Chiu, Wen-Jer Tsai, Shur-Fen Gau, Chang-Chang Tseng, Shu-Chen Su, Jan Croonenberghs, Lucas Brouw, Annick Wauters, Nicole Bruning, Zina Manjaly, Gereon Fink, Olivera Aleksic, Nenad Rudic, Lucres Jansen, Christine C. Gispen-De Wied, Bertine Lahuis, Hanna Swaab, Jolijn Pietersen, Carolien Gevers, Inge Kamp-Becker, Isabell Germerott, Patricia Howlin, null Gaudière, Barbara Forresi, G. Lepri, Soumaila Laval, Andreas Wiefel, Z. Biringen, Karl Titze, K. Lenz, C. Seither, B. Witte, Marguerite Dunitz-Scheer, Markus Wilken, Alexandra Krasnovsky, Peter Scheer, Maria Cordeiro, Filippo Muratori, B. Felloni, A. Cesari, Linda Helmig, Peter Fonagy, Chris Moody, Jim Fultz, René Glanzmann, Nathalie Lutz-Latil, Agnes van Wyl, Dainius Puras, Amaia Hervds, John Tsiantis, T. Dragonas, H. Davis, V. Ispanovic, A. Paradisiotou, Mimoza Shanini, Lynne Jones, A. Uka, A. Rrustemi, Anne-Liis von Knorring, Dirk Deboutte, Souraya Dorhmi, Mohamed Agoub, Driss Moussaoui, Omar Battas, Inger Halvorsen, Anne Andersen, Sonja Heyerdahl, Denise Baillot, Michele La Roche, Claudia Furino, Annick Buchholtz, Gary Goldfield, Katherine Henderson, Ulrich Hagenah, Varinja Blume, Marlene Flacke-Redanz, Beate Herpertz Dahlmann, Angelique A. Sallas, Hubertus Adam, null Mozambique, Aferdita Goci-Uka, Susanne Schlüter-Müller, Umesh Bawa, Fakhri Khalik, Nima Forouher, Miyuki Sadamatsu, null Nanba, Nobumasa Kato, Kiyoto Kasai, Eiji Nanba, Martin H. Schmidt, Günter Esser, Herman van Engeland, Sophie Willemsen-Swinkels, Claudine Dietz, Anne Claire Beernink, Oliver Vidojevic, Ivona Milacic, Rael Strous, Roni Hegesh, Simion Kertzman, Z. Ben-Nahum, Moshe Kotler, Emma van Daalen, Mijke Zeegers, Hilleke Hulshoff Pol, Charles Williams, Jessica Sank, Martha Paulk, George Schwarz, Paul Wharton, Marija Raleva, Kamka Paketchieva, Angelina Filipovska, Carole Müller Nix, Margarita Forcada Guex, Abdel-Mohsen Daigham, Marit S. Indredavik, Torstein Vik, Siri Kulseng, Ann-Mari Brubakk, Marion Cuddy, Katharine Riley, Brigitte Vollmer, John Wyatt, Robin Murray, Mika Soininen, E. Juulia Paavonen, Mika Fjällberg, Juha Salmi, Almgvist Fredrik, Eeva T. Aronen, Olaf Reis, Stephanie P. Bohne, Susanne Kraenz, Dong-Hyun Ahn, Tae-Ho Kim, Jun-Ho Choi, Yun-Young Kim, Ivan Begovac, Milena Skocic, Vlasta Rudan, Oleg Filipovic, Tomasz Wolanczyk, Anita Brynska, Stanislaw Wojtowicz, Salvador Celia, Cisca Aerts, Elisabeth Cleve, Hellmut Hartmann, Hans-Jürgen Kühle, Fridjof Heidorn, Solveigh Zeyer, Joaquin Fuentes, Andrés Martin, Denis G. Sukhodolsky, Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino, Matti Rimpelä, Henrik Andershed, Deborah O’Donnell, Michelle Pearce, Dieter Burgin, Andreas Becker, Nicola Hagenberg, Matthias Berking, Veit Roessner, Ketil Hanssen-Bauer, Odd Aalen, Jürgen Junglas, Yoon-Seok Huh, Yun Young Kim, Kyung-Ja Oh, Kai Wang, Michael Tarren-Sweeney, D. M. Leiblum, Renate Kühl, Cornelia Nötzel, Ernst Pfeiffer, Klaus Lenz, Agneta Rosling, Marianne Poller, Donna Cross, Simone Klabin, Diana Kaplan, Lars Mickel, Gerd Lehmkuhl, Regina Möckel, Shani Leor, Leor Frisch, Amos Frisch, Abraham Weizman, Andrey Zanozin, Sylvie Jamart, Jean-Yves Hayez, Agnes Leor, Maria Elisabeth Ahle, Galit Ben Amitay, Irene Kosov, Ahuva Reiss, Moses Tamar, Hans Smedje, Hiie Allik, Jean Steyaert, Dries Castermans, John Creemers, Koenraad Devriendt Marta Kaczynska-Haladyj, Maria Claustre Jané Ballabriga, Joaquima Judez, Empar Pelaez, Pilar Sole, Lidia Rodriguez, Saskia Palmen, Chantal Kemner, Hugo Schnack, Rene Kahn, Anna Fabrizi, Levi Gabriel, Marcos Mercadante, Sergiode Paula Ramos, Maria Concecao Rosario-Campos, Michael Rutter, Stephan Collishaw, Barbara Maughan, Andrew Pickles, Julie Messer, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie Moffitt, Jana Kreppner, Anne Inger H. Borge, Suniya Luthar, Stephanie Hamarman, C. Ulger, J. Fossella, M. Brimacombe, J. Dermody, Mark Stein, L. D. Waldman, C. Sarampote, A. Robb, E. H. Cook, Aiveen Kirley, N. Lowe, Z. Hawi, C. Mullins, G. Daly, I. Waldman, M. McCarro, null O’Donell, Emma van der Meulen, S. C. Bakker, D. L. Pauls, R. J. Sinke, Guilherme Polanczyk, C. Zeni, J. P. Genro, Tatiana Roman, Mara Hutz, Christa Schaff, Patrick Haemmerle, Harald Sontag, Agnes Vetro, Julia Gadoros, Gotthard Roosen-Runge, Jocelyn Hattab, Peter Hummel, Orna Braun-Lewensohn, Daniel Schechter, Charles Zeanah, Michael Myers, Michael Liebowitz, Mark Davies, Wei-Tsuen Soong, Deborah James, Nick Sofroniou, Marine Gegelashvili, Umesh Parikh, John M. Kane, Anil K. Malhotra, Manoj Shah, Richard R. Pleak, Ronen Hizami, David Michelson, Marina Danckaerts, Alessandro Zuddas, Shuyu Zhang, Philip Hazell, P. Zeiner, M. Johnson, Frank Häßler, Prasad Suyash, Edmund Sonuga-Barke, Lynne Poole, Sarah Mares, Jon Jureidini, Zachary Steel, Louise Newman, Torsten Lucas, Stephanie Paulus, Martin Aßhauer, Birgit Miller, Gunilla Jarkman Björn, Christina Bodén, Per Gustafsson, Viola Povse Ivkic, Lazar Tenjovic, Radosavljev Jelena, Smiljka Popovic Deusic, Philip Graham, Henrikje Klasen, Jacinta Tan, Tony Hope, Anne Stewart, Raymond Fitzpatrick, Michael Kölch, Angeles Diaz-Caneja, Sonia Johnson, Ines Dippold, Katja Wiethoffi Ferdinand Keller, Sue Bailey, Nathan Whittle, Klaus Hennighausen, Gregor Kohls, Verena Maas, Tanja Rinker, Swantje Zachau, Gabriele Christmann, Anna Jaremkiewicz, Michael Schecker, Waldemar von Suchodoletz, Ruth Uwer, Ronald Albrecht, Lisa Glass, Valéria Csépe, Ferenc Honbology, Anett Rago, Eva Mészdros, Richard G. Schwartz, Valerie L. Shafer, Jonathan Green, C. Jacobs, L. Kroll, J. Briskman, G. Dunn, J. Beecham, B. Tobias, L. Baird, Terje Ogden, Michael Fitzgerald, Mark Bellgrove, Michael Gill, Ian H. Robertson, Paul McArdle, Amanda Burke, K. Michael Hong, Christina Hoven, Danuta Wasserman, Katharina Braun, Jórg Bock, Carina Helmecke, Michael Gruß, Gerd Poeggel, Charles Marsden, S. Muchimapura, M.-C. Pardon, M. Bianchi, Joram Feldon, Daniela Rüedi-Bettschen, Andrea C. Dettling, Christopher R. Pryce, Hans-Willi Clement, O. Sommer, A. Pschibul, C. Rombach, M. Gerlach, Claudia Mehler-Wex, S. Zeiske, E. Grünblatt, G. Gille, D. Rausch, Manfred Gerlach, Amira Seif El-Din, Nadia Kadri, Houda Hjiej Andaloussi, Khadija Chihabeddine, Mohammed Almaqrami, Alexander von Gontard, M. Okuno, Kurt Quaschner, Niels Bilenberg, Carsten Obel, Tine Brink Henriksen, Morten Hedegaard, Niels Jurgen Secher, Jorn Olsen, Antonio Fonseca, Isabelle Nathalie Koch, Ieva Bite, Phyllis Cohen, Katrin Russell, Nichaela Broyden, Gillian Lancaster, Christina Eichhorn, Karola Tiedtke, Ronald Feldman, Andreas Warnke, Peter Scheuerpflug, V. Vetter, Jürgen Bartling, Kerstin Konrad, Susanne Neufang, Charlotte Hanisch, Gereon R. Fink, Sarah Durston, Matthew C. Davidson, Nim Tottenham, Julie Spicer, Adriana Galvan, John Horvitz, John A. Fossella, Richard Watts, B. J. Casey, Daniel Brandeis, Andreas J. Fallgatter, Ann-Christine Ehlis, Jürgen Seifert, W. K. Strik, K. E. Zillessen, Martin J. Herrmann, Gerd Schulte-Körne, Heikki Lyytinen, Tomi Guttorm, Anna-Maija Poikkeus, Kenneth M. Eklund, Paula Lyytinen, Minna Torppa, M.-L. Laakso, E. Leskinen, A. Tolvanen, Silvia Paracchini, J. Schumacher, I. R. König, Claudia Libertus, Heide Griesemann, A. Kleensang, A. Ziegler, P. Propping, M. Näthen, Leo Wolmer, Iyad Zagout, Esti Galili-Weisstub, Gene Fisch, Ann Swillen, Annick Vogels, Christine Freitag, Jean-Francois Bouville, Laetitia Atlanti-Duault, Thierry Baubet, Robyn Osrow, Marie-Madeleine Leplomb, Yves Marchandy, Malika Bennabi, Ricardo Halpern, Odon Monteiro, Abbey-Robin Durkin, Rudy Haapanen, Susanne Bauer, Max Friedrich, Christina Stadler, Philipp Sterzer, Andreas Kleinschmidt, Irene Nowraty, W. E. Müller, Ulrich Knölker, Gabriele Schmid, Swantje Berndt, B. Behn, Jan Hendrik Puls, Luc Stevens, Joachim Jungmann, Zoran Juretic, Nela Ercegovic, Renate Schepker, Füsun Çuhadaroglu-Çetin, G. Herhaus, S. Melfsen, Daomeng Cheng, Donald Harder, Harry Laws, Yoshibumi Nakane, Kenzo Takeshita, Hiroshi Naruse, Yan Zhu, Jun Liu, Yasong Du, John Sikorski, Sannie Hamerlynck, Lisettet Hart, Lucres Nauta-Janssen, Prathiba Chitsabesan, Hien Nguyen, Jovan Simeon, Cathy Cuzner, Howard Schachter, Ana Soledade Martins, Chirstian Kieling, Julia Comassetto, Renata Goncalves, Silvia Oswald, Johannes Buchmann, J. Kirschner, M. Garvey, Gunther Moll, Hartmut Heinrich, Sameer Malhotra, Zeffie Poulakis, Sam Menahem, Karin Sauer, Tilouch Samia, Hannachi Rimeh, Missaoui Sonia, Mara Westling Allodi, Monica Biscaldi, Bettina Wagner, Chiyoko Uchida, Thomas Jozefiak, Roberta Penge, Valentina Ivancich Biaggini, Siv Fischbein, Matti Joukamaa, Anja Taanila, Juha Veijola, Juha T. Karvonen, Jouko Miettunen, Edelmira Domenech Llaberia, Teresa Corbella Domenech, Maria Claustre Jane Ballabriga, Josepa Canals Sanz, Griselda Esparo, Sergi Ballespi Sola, Xuejun Liu, Yukiko Kano, Masataka Ohta, Yoko Nagai, Takashi Arai, Su Linyan, Jeff Bridge, Boris Birmaher, Carlo Di Lorenzo, Satish Iyengar, David Brent, Bernhard Blanz, Laura Weninger, Gerhard Libal, Anna Skrabal, Michael Bowden, Howard Cooper, Inger Simonsen, Carl Bechstrom, Mette Medby, Ritva Erkolahti, Gunther Klosinski, Mihoko Oba, Satomi Murase, Takashi Murakami, Jiro Takai, Hitoshi Kaneko, Shuji Honjo, Katrina Rickards, Annhild Weber, Michael Karle, Alain Lazartigues, Pascale Planche, Eric Lemonnier, Mani Pavuluri, Lindsay Schenkel, Ryan Shaw, John Sweeny, Giancarlo Rigon, Stefano Costa, Alessandra Mancaruso, Roberta Mansi, Daniele Giovanni Poggioli, Simona Chiodo, Maja Radobuljac, Urban Groleger, Nada Ovsenik, Martina Tomori, Barbara Haas, Susanne Denoix, Franz Kimmig, Marc Weinhardt, Günter Schmitz, Berit Filschke, Conny Fliegauf, Ji-Hae Kim, Maya Krischer, Michael H. Stone, Kathrin Sevecke, Manfred Doepfner, Cornelia König, Dörte Grasmann, Michael Schlander, Stephen Ralston, R. Rodrigues Pereira, W. Brussel, L. Vlasveld, H. G. Tuynman-Qua, M. J. Lorenzo, R. Tauscher-Wisniewski, Stefano Palazzi, Ettore Guaia, Artur Kolakowski, Agnieszka Pisula, Timothy Wilens, Tobias Banaschewski, Henrik Uebel, Björn Albrecht, Monika Robatzek, Kristen Migliaccio-Walle, Jaime Caro, Albert J. Allen, R. Bart Sangal, Judith Owens, Douglas Kelsey, Virginia Sutton, Kory Schuh, Aliye Tugba Bahadir, Zeynep Yaman, Ayse Rodopman Arman, Kemal Kuscu, Yanki Yazgan, Meral Berkem, Peter Feldman, Milton Denai, Alexander Simpson, Christopher Kratochvil, Jeffrey Newcorn, Joseph Biederman, Douglas Gelowitz, Christine Thomason, Haitao Gao, Patricia Bijttebier, Steff Decoene, Pia Niklaus, Nils Duits, Ulrich Auer, Kathleen Schnoor, Detlef Schläfke, Füsun Çuhadaroälu Çetin, Gordon Harper, Sami Hamdan, Muhammed El-Haib, Saynur Canat, Olivier Halfon, Monique Bolognini, B. Plancherel, Olivier Phan, Maurice Corcos, Jean-René Cardinaux, Pierre J. Magistretti, Blaise Pierrehumbert, Minna Koskinen, Ulf Engqvist, Matthew Allin, Larry Rifkin, Sandra Lancaster, Ayala Borghini, Laure Jaugey, Margarita Forcada-Guex, Lyne Jaunin, Carole Müller-Nix, François Ansermet, Mariada Conceicao Taborda Simoes, Luiza Nobre Lima, Mariada Luz Vale Dias, Rainer Georg Siefen, Ariel Como, Valbona Alikaj, Sonila Tomori, Flavia Capozzi, Angela Romano, Mara Roello, Francesca Piperno, Mali A. Mann, Dieter Stösser, Gottfried Barth, Alina Pimenov, Jenny Schwab, Hülya Bingöl, Rémy Barbe, Heba Elkshishy, Ana Jovanovic, Aneta Lakic, Vesna Milovanovic, Milorad Vukasinovic, Jeffrey Bridge, David Kolko, David A. Brent, Kathryn Gilson, Roslyn Montague, Ian Shochet, Cristina Maria Ribeiro Marques, Teresa Cepeda, Carolin Ligges, Marc Ligges, Ralph Huonker, Paavo Leppänen, Torni K. Guttorm, Jarmo Hämäläinen, Anne Puolakanaho, Ellen Plume, Inke R. König, Wolfgang Deimel, Markus M. Nöthen, Peter Propping, André Kleensang, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Andreas Ziegler, Sung-Do David Hong, Xueping Gao, Xuerong Li, Soyoung Irene Lee, Eui-Jung Kim, In-Hee Cho, Ji-Hoon Kim, Se-Hyun Park, J-Wook Choi, Steffen Heger, Andreas Schreiner, Klaus Rettig, Rossella Medori, Peik Gustafsson, Kjell Hansson, Lena Eidevall, Gunilla Thernlund, Philip Heiser, A. Dempfle, Judith Smidt, Justyna Grabarkiewicz, Hans Kiefl, U. Hemminger, K. Saar, James Swanson, Nora D. Volkov, S. Gupta, L. Williams, D. Agler, M. Wasdell, S. Wigal, Silvia Martins, Silza Tramontina, Mariana Eizirik, Benedetto Vitiello, Walter Clevenger, Stephen Faraone, James McGough, James McCracken, Luis Augusto Rohde, Larry Greenhill, Michael Leary, Bo Larsson, W. Boudewijn Gunning, Jean-Marie Villat, Redmond O’Connell, Mark A. Bellgrove, Paul Dockree, Raymond Traube, Mary Braunschweig, Jacques Chabanier, Germana De Leo, Margerita Ibanez, Olivette Mikolajaks, Ida Ropstad, J. Gerald Young, Rachele Aiello, Viviana Porcari, Maria Patrizia Salatiello, Anna Lo Bue, Valentina Dell’Oglio, Rosaria Cardella, Sabrina Chifari, Anne Mari Undheim, Linyan Su, Xuerong Luo, Joanne Barton, Lioba Baying, Thomas Rellum, Emrah Duezel, Hermann Hinrichs, Christoph Bartel, Iris Linde, E. Friederichs, Mark Bangs, Helmut Remschmidt, Theodore Doreleijers, Elisabeth Rebernig, Giovanni Battista Camerini, Soraya Otero, Ana Rivas, Guadalupe Pombo, Maruke Yeghiyan, Gasparyan Kachatur, Arman Danileyan, Tord Ivarsson, Robert Valderhaug, Susanne Walitza, Christoph Wewetzer, Nikolaus Barth, F. Hahn, Fernando Asbahr, Ana Regina Castillo, Ligia Ito, Mariado Rosario Latorre, Michelle Moreira, Francisco Lotufo-Neto, Sophie Symann, Dominique Charlier, Belinda Plattner, Astrid Elisabeth Schallauer, Beat Mohler, P. Staub, Carsten Müller, Rieke Oelkers-Ax, Jochen Fischer, Uta Hermanns, Anne Nickel, Hans Volker Bolay, Miguel Cherro-Aguerre, Merete Juul Sorensen, Judith Becker Nissen, Ole Mors, Per Hove Thomsen, Anne Mari Sund, May Britt Drugli, Lars Wichstrom, Matthias Schwannauer, Emily Taylor, Rob Wrate, Matthias Martin, Jan-Olov Larsson, Henrik Larsson, Paul Lichtenstein, Andrea G. Ludolph, Felix Mottaghy, Susanne Kraemer, Dieter Claus, Bernhard Krause, Jbrg M. Fegert, Tuula Hurtig, Anna Malakhova, Katerina Maniadaki, Efthymios Kakouros, Peter Jensen, Joe Albert Garcia, Sherry Glied, Maura Crowe, E. Michael Foster, Bernard Golse, Jenny Junghanß, Aino-Maija Salin, Päivi Rytölä, and Pauliina Hiltunen

Published
2004
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12. Luncheon Symposia

Author

Aribert Rothenberger, Joseph Sergean, Hans-Christoph Steinhausen, Manfred Döpfner, Lawrence Scahill, James McCracken, Robert Findling, Jan Buitelaar, Helmut Remschmidt, Michael Huss, Charite Berlin, Ken Steinhoff, Timothy Wilens, Albert J. Allen, and Jeffrey Newcorn

Published
2004
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14. Stimulant Drug Response in the Predominantly Inattentive and Combined Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Author

Mary Solanto, Jeffrey Newcorn, Lucia Vail, Sharone Gilbert, Iliyan Ivanov, and Regina Lara

Subjects
*METHYLPHENIDATE, *DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology, *STIMULANTS, *ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder, *PLACEBOS, *BEHAVIORAL assessment, *QUESTIONNAIRES, *PSYCHIATRIC rating scales
Abstract

AbstractObjective:This study compared the methylphenidate (MPH) dose–response profiles of children with the Predominantly Inattentive (PI) and Combined (CB) subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is the first such study to enroll a sample comprised exclusively of children, all but one of whom had no prior exposure to ADHD medications.Method:The design was a double-blind crossover with 1-week exposures to placebo and low, medium, and high, fixed, three times daily (t.i.d.) dosage regimens of immediate-release MPH, administered in random order. Parents and teachers completed weekly behavioral questionnaires (Conners, Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn and Pelham Scale [SKAMP]) and a child psychiatrist provided weekly ratings of symptom severity (ADHD Rating Scale [ADHD-RS]), side effects (Side Effects Rating Scale), and a Clinical Global Impressions–Severity (CGI-S). In addition, laboratory measures of vigilance (Continuous Performance Test [CPT]) and resistance to cognitive interference (Stroop) were administered weekly.Results:Twenty-five children (15 CB, 10 PI), who met rigorous diagnostic criteria for their ADHD subtype, completed the study. Groups did not differ on demographic variables or severity at baseline. Behavioral questionnaires and clinical ratings indicated significant improvement on MPH for both subtypes but no differences in response profiles of the two groups. Drug effects were predominantly linear for both subtypes. Effects of MPH were significant for the CPT, but not the Stroop, instrument with no differences between ADHD subtypes.Conclusions:Results support the clinical utility of MPH in the treatment of the PI subtype and provide no evidence of differences in response between the subtypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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