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11. Hot Carrier Nanowire Transistors at the Ballistic Limit

Author

Kumar, M., Nowzari, A., Persson, A. R., Jeppesen, S., Wacker, A., Bastard, G., Wallenberg, R., Capasso, F., Maisi, V. F., and Samuelson, L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We demonstrate experimentally non-equilibrium transport in unipolar quasi-1D hot electron devices reaching ballistic limit. The devices are realized with heterostructure engineering in nanowires to obtain dopant- and dislocation-free 1D-epitaxy and flexible bandgap engineering. We show experimentally the control of hot electron injection with a graded conduction band profile and subsequent filtering of hot and relaxed electrons with rectangular energy barriers. The number of electron passing the barrier depends exponentially on the transport length with a mean free path of 200 - 260 nm and reaches ballistic transport regime for the shortest devices with 70 % of the electrons flying freely through the base electrode and the barrier reflections limiting the transport to the collector.

Published
2024
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25. In vivo neutralization of coral snake venoms with an oligoclonal nanobody mixture in a murine challenge model

Author

Benard-Valle, Melisa, Wouters, Yessica, Ljungars, Anne, Nguyen, Giang Thi Tuyet, Ahmadi, Shirin, Ebersole, Tasja Wainani, Dahl, Camilla Holst, Guadarrama-Martínez, Alid, Jeppesen, Frederikke, Eriksen, Helena, Rodríguez-Barrera, Gibran, Boddum, Kim, Jenkins, Timothy Patrick, Bjørn, Sara Petersen, Schoffelen, Sanne, Voldborg, Bjørn Gunnar, Alagón, Alejandro, and Laustsen, Andreas Hougaard

Published
2024
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26. Acute kidney injury after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Author

Jeppesen, Karoline Korsholm, Rasmussen, Sebastian Buhl, Kjaergaard, Jesper, Schmidt, Henrik, Mølstrøm, Simon, Beske, Rasmus Paulin, Grand, Johannes, Ravn, Hanne Berg, Winther-Jensen, Matilde, Meyer, Martin Abild Stengaard, Hassager, Christian, and Møller, Jacob Eifer

Published
2024
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30. CVOT Summit Report 2023: new cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic outcomes

Author

Schnell, Oliver, Barnard-Kelly, Katharine, Battelino, Tadej, Ceriello, Antonio, Larsson, Helena Elding, Fernández-Fernández, Beatriz, Forst, Thomas, Frias, Juan-Pablo, Gavin, III, James R., Giorgino, Francesco, Groop, Per-Henrik, Heerspink, Hiddo J. L., Herzig, Stephan, Hummel, Michael, Huntley, George, Ibrahim, Mahmoud, Itzhak, Baruch, Jacob, Stephan, Ji, Linong, Kosiborod, Mikhail, Lalic, Nebosja, Macieira, Sofia, Malik, Rayaz A., Mankovsky, Boris, Marx, Nikolaus, Mathieu, Chantal, Müller, Timo D., Ray, Kausik, Rodbard, Helena W., Rossing, Peter, Rydén, Lars, Schumm-Draeger, Petra-Maria, Schwarz, Peter, Škrha, Jan, Snoek, Frank, Tacke, Frank, Taylor, Bruce, Jeppesen, Britta Tendal, Tesfaye, Solomon, Topsever, Pinar, Vilsbøll, Tina, Yu, Xuefeng, and Standl, Eberhard

Published
2024
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35. Global lake phytoplankton proliferation intensifies climate warming

Author

Wenqing Shi, Boqiang Qin, Qingji Zhang, Hans W. Paerl, Bryce Van Dam, Erik Jeppesen, and Chenjun Zeng

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract In lakes, phytoplankton sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and store it in the form of biomass organic carbon (OC); however, only a small fraction of the OC remains buried, while the remaining part is recycled to the atmosphere as CO2 and methane (CH4). This has the potential effect of adding CO2-equivalents (CO2-eq) to the atmosphere and producing a warming effect due to the higher radiative forcing of CH4 relative to CO2. Here we show a 3.1-fold increase in CO2-eq emissions over a 100-year horizon, with the effect increasing with global warming intensity. Climate warming has stimulated phytoplankton growth in many lakes worldwide, which, in turn, can feed back CO2-eq and create a positive feedback loop between them. In lakes where phytoplankton is negatively impacted by climate warming, the CO2-eq feedback capacity may diminish gradually with the ongoing climate warming.

Published
2024
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40. Internet-based cognitive behavioral intervention for adolescents with anxiety disorders: a study protocol for a parallel three armed randomized controlled trial

Author

Helene Skaarnes, Nikita Marie Sørensen, Anders House Wisnewski, Johanne Jeppesen Lomholt, Mikael Thastum, Lauren McLellan, and Kim Mathiasen

Subjects
Adolescents, Anxiety disorders, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Internet-based, Digital health, Study protocol, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health concerns affecting children and adolescents. Despite their high prevalence, statistics indicate that fewer than 25% of individuals in this demographic seek professional assistance for their condition. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop innovative interventions aimed at improving treatment accessibility. Objectives This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) for adolescents with anxiety, with a specific emphasis on involving parents in the treatment process. Methods The study is structured as a parallel three-armed randomized controlled trial, comparing Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) with planned feedback, iCBT with on-demand feedback, and a waitlist control group, each group including 56 participants. Participants in the two iCBT conditions will undergo a 14-week treatment regimen, while those in the waitlist control group will wait for 14 weeks before starting iCBT with planned feedback. Additionally, participants in the iCBT groups will be randomly assigned to receive a booster session or not. The study design is factorial including two factors: type of therapist feedback (factor 1) and booster or no booster (factor 2). The study population comprises adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years, residing in Denmark, diagnosed with an anxiety disorder according to DSM-5 criteria. The primary outcome measures are the Youth Online Diagnostic Assessment and the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale. Assessments will occur at baseline, post-treatment, and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups post-treatment. Discussion The findings of this study are anticipated to contribute to improving the accessibility of evidence-based treatments for adolescents with anxiety. Trial registration The study is registered at clinicalTrials.gov, under protocol ID 22/59602. The Initial release was the 16.10.2023, first posted due to technical problems 16.04.2024. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06368557?locStr=Odense,%20Denmark&country=Denmark&city=Odense&page=2&rank=13 .

Published
2024
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41. Proton- compared to X-irradiation leads to more acinar atrophy and greater hyposalivation accompanied by a differential cytokine response

Author

Inga Solgård Juvkam, Olga Zlygosteva, Mateusz Sitarz, Brita Singers Sørensen, Hans Christian D. Aass, Nina Jeppesen Edin, Hilde Kanli Galtung, Tine Merete Søland, and Eirik Malinen

Subjects
Protons, X-rays, Fractionated irradiation, Mice, Salivary glands, Cytokines, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Proton therapy gives less dose to healthy tissue compared to conventional X-ray therapy, but systematic comparisons of normal tissue responses are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate late tissue responses in the salivary glands following proton- or X-irradiation of the head and neck in mice. Moreover, we aimed at investigating molecular responses by monitoring the cytokine levels in serum and saliva. Female C57BL/6J mice underwent local fractionated irradiation with protons or X-rays to the maximally tolerated acute level. Saliva and serum were collected before and at different time points after irradiation to assess salivary gland function and cytokine expression. To study late responses in the major salivary glands, histological analyses were performed on tissues collected at day 105 after onset of irradiation. Saliva volume after proton and X-irradiation was significantly lower than for controls and remained reduced at all time points after irradiation. Protons caused reduced saliva production and fewer acinar cells in the submandibular glands compared to X-rays at day 105. X-rays induced a stronger inflammatory cytokine response in saliva compared to protons. This work supports previous preclinical findings and indicate that the relative biological effectiveness of protons in normal tissue might be higher than the commonly used value of 1.1.

Published
2024
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42. Between Life Course Research and Social History: New Approaches to Qualitative Data in the British Birth Cohort Studies

Author

J. D. Carpentieri, Laura Carter, and Chris Jeppesen

Abstract

This article discusses a new interdisciplinary, mixed-methods approach to using data from the first British Birth Cohort Study, the National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD, 1946). It emerges from a collaboration between two historians of postwar Britain and a mixed-methods life course studies researcher. Our approach brings together cohort-level quantitative data with less well-known qualitative data from a sample of 150 participants' original NSHD interview questionnaires to generate new perspectives on how macro processes of social change were experienced at an individual level and varied across the life course. The NSHD school-age and early adulthood sweeps included a series of open-ended questions relating to education, work, and social identities, which offer a sense of how participants responded to and understood the social transformations of the postwar decades within their everyday lives. This article explains our methodological rationale, before focussing on the wider analytical possibilities of our approach in relation to social mobility.

Published
2024
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46. SentemQC - A novel and cost-efficient method for quality assurance and quality control of high-resolution frequency sensor data in fresh waters [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]

Author

Sofie Gyritia Madsen van't Veen, Joachim Audet, Eti Ester Levi, Brian Kronvang, Søren Erik Larsen, Erik Jeppesen, Esben Astrup Kristensen, Anders Nielsen, Thomas Alexander Davidson, Jane Rosenstand Laugesen, and Peter Mejlhede Andersen

Subjects
SentemQC, quality assurance, quality control, sensor data, high-frequency data, python tool, eng, Science, Social Sciences
Abstract

The growing use of sensors in fresh waters for water quality measurements generates an increasingly large amount of data that requires quality assurance (QA)/quality control (QC) before the results can be exploited. Such a process is often resource-intensive and may not be consistent across users and sensors. SentemQC (QA-QC of high temporal resolution sensor data) is a cost-efficient, and open-source Python approach developed to ensure the quality of sensor data by performing data QA and QC on large volumes of high-frequency (HF) sensor data. The SentemQC method is computationally efficient and features a six-step user-friendly setup for anomaly detection. The method marks anomalies in data using five moving windows. These windows connect each data point to neighboring points, including those further away in the moving window. As a result, the method can mark not only individual outliers but also clusters of anomalies. Our analysis shows that the method is robust for detecting anomalies in HF sensor data from multiple water quality sensors measuring nitrate, turbidity, oxygen, and pH. The sensors were installed in three different freshwater ecosystems (two streams and one lake) and experimental lake mesocosms. Sensor data from the stream stations yielded anomaly percentages of 0.1%, 0.1%, and 0.2%, which were lower than the anomaly percentages of 0.5%, 0.6%, and 0.8% for the sensors in Lake and mesocosms, respectively. While the sensors in this study contained relatively few anomalies (

Published
2024
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