1. RC-6 ribonuclease induces caspase activation, cellular senescence and neuron-like morphology in NT2 embryonal carcinoma cells
- Author
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Giou Teng Yiang, Liang Chih Liu, Tsai Kun Wu, Pei Lun Chou, Hsu Hung Tseng, Hsiao Chun Liu, Wei Jung Chang, Yung Luen Yu, Jer Rong Chen, and Hsiu Feng Tsai
- Subjects
Senescence ,Cancer Research ,Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells ,Cell ,Blotting, Western ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Embryonal carcinoma ,Ribonucleases ,Carcinoma, Embryonal ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Animals ,Humans ,Cytotoxicity ,Caspase ,Cellular Senescence ,Neurons ,biology ,Caspase 3 ,Cell Differentiation ,General Medicine ,Cell cycle ,medicine.disease ,Caspase 9 ,Cell biology ,Enzyme Activation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Cell culture ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Anura - Abstract
Frog ribonucleases have been demonstrated to have anticancer activities. However, whether RC-6 ribonuclease exerts anticancer activity on human embryonal carcinoma cells remains unclear. In the present study, RC-6 induced cytotoxicity in NT2 cells (a human embryonal carcinoma cell line) and our studies showed that RC-6 can exert anticancer effects and induce caspase-9 and -3 activities. Moreover, to date, there is no evidence that frog ribonuclease-induced cytotoxicity effects are related to cellular senescence. Therefore, our studies showed that RC-6 can increase p16 and p21 protein levels and induce cellular senescence in NT2 cells. Notably, similar to retinoic acid-differentiated NT2 cells, neuron-like morphology was found on some remaining live cells after RC-6 treatment. In conclusion, our study is the first to demonstrate that RC-6 can induce cytotoxic effects, caspase-9/-3 activities, cellular senescence and neuron-like morphology in NT2 cells.
- Published
- 2013