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— Several taxonomic novelties of the genus Sisyrinchium have been presented recently, so for some specialists this reveals the need of more systematic studies on the genus to better understand its diversity. They have also pointed out some regions as those of more priority to be explored. One of these is northwestern Mexico, in which after a floristic inventory in a Natural Protected Area in Sierra Madre Occidental, a new species was discovered. It is here described and illustrated as Sisyrinchium jacquelineanum, and diagnosed against S. polycladum, the morphologically most similar species. It differs from this by the growth habit, position of root thickenings, absence of fibrous remnants of old leaves at the base of the stem, flower size, and in the shape and pubescence of the capsules. An identification key for the 16 species of Sisyrinchium present in the Sierra Madre Occidental and an analysis of their richness patterns throughout this province are also provided.

González-Gallegos, Jesús Guadalupe, Vibrans, Heike (2022): Leucas martinicensis (Lamiaceae, Lamioideae), a new naturalized species in Mexico. Phytotaxa 552 (2): 166-170, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.552.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.552.2.4

Recent botanical explorations in Durango, Mexico, led to the discovery of a new species endemic to this state: Cunila socorroae (Lamiaceae), which is consequently here described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically most similar to C. jaliscana and C. lythrifolia. It can be distinguished from both in having less flowers per cyme, lanceolate floral bracts, longer calyx tube, and lanceolate calyx teeth and longer. It also deviates from C. jaliscana by the fewer floral internodes, longer floral bract, and generally longer corolla tube. Also, the exfoliating bark, white corollas and internally pubescent, make a clear distinction against C. lythrifolia. The distinctive geographic distribution of these species is an additional support to their separation; the new species is exclusive of the middle portion of Sierra Madre Occidental, whereas C. jaliscana is restricted to the northernmost portion of Sierra Madre del Sur, and C. lythrifolia, though mostly occurs in eastern Tans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, has also some localities in southern Chihuahuan Desert, Sierra Madre Oriental and Sierra Madre del Sur.

Recent botanical explorations in Sierra Madre Occidental in Durango, Mexico, led to the discovery of a new species which according to its morphology belongs to Salvia sect. Brandegeia. The new taxon is morphologically most similar to S. oresbia from central Mexico, against which it is thoroughly compared. Additionally, it is presented a synopsis of the section in order to provide updated and standardized descriptions for those species known only in base to their protologues, which allows a more detailed and precise comparison in respect to the new species. The morphological examination of the species in the section also revealed that the recognition of S. sharpii as a distinct species from S. blepharophylla is not justified; consequently, it is reduced to synonymy. An identification key, a distribution map, photographs, and a drawing of the new species are also presented.

Next-generation sequencing technologies have facilitated new phylogenomic approaches to help clarify previously intractable relationships while simultaneously highlighting the pervasive nature of incongruence within and among genomes that can complicate definitive taxonomic conclusions. Salvia L., with ∼1,000 species, makes up nearly 15% of the species diversity in the mint family and has attracted great interest from biologists across subdisciplines. Despite the great progress that has been achieved in discerning the placement of Salvia within Lamiaceae and in clarifying its infrageneric relationships through plastid, nuclear ribosomal, and nuclear single-copy genes, the incomplete resolution has left open major questions regarding the phylogenetic relationships among and within the subgenera, as well as to what extent the infrageneric relationships differ across genomes. We expanded a previously published anchored hybrid enrichment dataset of 35 exemplars of Salvia to 179 terminals. We also reconstructed nearly complete plastomes for these samples from off-target reads. We used these data to examine the concordance and discordance among the nuclear loci and between the nuclear and plastid genomes in detail, elucidating both broad-scale and species-level relationships within Salvia. We found that despite the widespread gene tree discordance, nuclear phylogenies reconstructed using concatenated, coalescent, and network-based approaches recover a common backbone topology. Moreover, all subgenera, except for Audibertia, are strongly supported as monophyletic in all analyses. The plastome genealogy is largely resolved and is congruent with the nuclear backbone. However, multiple analyses suggest that incomplete lineage sorting does not fully explain the gene tree discordance. Instead, horizontal gene flow has been important in both the deep and more recent history of Salvia. Our results provide a robust species tree of Salvia across phylogenetic scales and genomes. Future comparative analyses in the genus will need to account for the impacts of hybridization/introgression and incomplete lineage sorting in topology and divergence time estimation.

Bletia santosii, a new species from Sinaloa, Mexico, is described and illustrated. Morphologically, B. santosii is similar to B. parkinsonii and B. mixtecana. However, it differs consistently from those species in multiple aspects of its morphology, as well as in habitat preferences and phenology. It was discovered while carrying out a floristic inventory of El Palmito Sanctuary, a natural protected area in the municipality of Concordia, Sinaloa, Mexico. A description, photographs, diagnostic character comparison with morphologically most similar species, and comments about the habitat are provided.

Kriebel, Ricardo/0000-0002-1138-7533; Drew, Bryan T./0000-0001-7248-2799; mahdjoub, mohamed malik/0000-0001-5584-6642; Celep, Ferhat/0000-0003-3280-8373 WOS:000540384100001 PubMed: 32484910 Switches in pollinators have been argued to be key drivers of floral evolution in angiosperms. However, few studies have tested the relationship between floral shape evolution and switches in pollination in large clades. In concert with a dated phylogeny, we present a morphometric analysis of corolla, anther connective, and style shape across 44% of nearly 1000 species ofSalvia(Lamiaceae) and test four hypotheses of floral evolution. We demonstrate that floral morphospace of New World (NW)Salviais largely distinct from that of Old World (OW)Salviaand that these differences are pollinator driven; shifts in floral morphology sometimes mirror shifts in pollinators; anther connectives (key constituents of theSalviastaminal lever) and styles co-evolved from curved to linear shapes following shifts from bee to bird pollination; and morphological differences between NW and OW bee flowers are partly the legacy of constraints imposed by an earlier shift to bird pollination in the NW. The distinctive staminal lever inSalviais a morphologically diverse structure that has evolved in concert with both the corolla and style, under different pollinator pressures, and in contingent fashion. University of Wisconsin Graduate School grant; University of Wisconsin Botany Department Hofmeister Endowment; National Science Foundation-DOB grant [DOB-1046355]; National Science Foundation-DEB grant [DEB-1655606]; CONACYTConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) [255165]; TUBITAK-BIDEB 2219 Postdoctoral Research ProgramTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) The authors would like to thank the editors and reviewers for their time and constructive comments that improved this article. We also thank I. Cacho, E. Dariotis, and C.-L. Xiang for help obtaining floral scans in Mexico, Greece, and China, respectively, as well as the UC-Berkeley and Denver Botanical Gardens. We also thank the Phylogenetics and Evolution group in the Botany Department, University of Wisconsin, and C. Ane for statistical advice. The work was funded in part by a University of Wisconsin Graduate School grant, the University of Wisconsin Botany Department Hofmeister Endowment, a National Science Foundation-DOB grant to Sytsma (DOB-1046355), and a National Science Foundation-DEB grant to Sytsma and Drew (DEB-1655606). GG thanks financial support provided by CONACYT (project 255165). FC thanks the TUBITAK-BIDEB 2219 Postdoctoral Research Program for financial support.

Premise of research. Salvia is one of the most species-rich genera in the world. Its outstanding diversity and subcosmopolitan distribution have prevented the preparation of a modern comprehensive monograph and re-evaluation of its classification. As phylogenetic efforts advance to untangle the evolutionary relationships of Salvia, the need for a solid taxonomic footing is increasingly imperative. Accordingly, we present an updated checklist of the species richness and distribution of Salvia subg. Calosphace, which constitutes more than half of the diversity of the genus. Methodology. A preliminary checklist of the species of Salvia subg. Calosphace was compiled through examination of the literature and online databases; this was revised and discussed by the authors in order to retrieve a consensus list. The distribution of each species by country or territory as well as by biome was also recorded from the sources consulted; affinities in composition were visualized with the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean based on a dissimilarity matrix (Sørensen’s index). Pivotal results. Salvia subg. Calosphace comprises 580 species; 30 were qualified as unresolved and require further analysis. The countries with the highest species richness are Mexico (295 spp.), Peru (77 spp.), Colombia (60 spp.), Brazil (58 spp.), Guatemala (49 spp.), and Ecuador (41 spp.). The affinity in species composition between countries and between biomes is explained mainly by geographical proximity. Conclusions. The updated list of the species of Salvia subg. Calosphace will help to guide sampling for phylogenetic analyses, enabling the achievement of a more stable and solid phylogenetic hypothesis. At the same time, it is a potentially important tool for underpinning discussions toward a new sectional classification of the lineage.

A new Salvia L. species was discovered in the vicinity of San Carlos Bay (Guaymas county) in Sonora, Mexico. The discovery was carried out during botanical explorations for the floristic inventory of the area. The new taxon is described and illustrated. This is an interesting addition to the Flora of Sonora because it constitutes the first Salvia endemic to this state. The species is characterized by an unusual combination of characters within Salvia subg. Calosphace (Benth.) Epling: densely white-tomentulose stems, presence of bracteoles, flowers arranged in thyrses, trimucronate upper calyx lip and ornate connective with an antrorse obtuse tooth. The taxon is also atypical among Mexican Salvia subg. Calosphace in growing in palm groves below 100 m elevation.

We describe and illustrate Agastache sandersiana as a new species from northwestern Durango. This is a narrow endemic that clearly differs from all other species in the genus by leaf size, shape, and pubescence; inflorescence architecture; calyx tube length; corolla color; and corolla tube length. Additionally, an identification key to the Agastache species occurring in Durango, Mexico is provided.

Salvia evadens (Lamiaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species discovered in Sierra del Halo, Jalisco, Mexico. It is similar in vegetative morphology to S. aequidistans. However, it differs from the latter by having less flowers per verticillaster, lanceolate floral bracts, 5- or 7-veined upper calyx lip, ornate connective with an acute tooth at the middle, and larger flowers and mericarps. A table with similarities and differences between both species is provided.

Premise of the study A key question in evolutionary biology is why some clades are more successful by being widespread geographically, biome diverse, or species-rich. To extend understanding of how shifts in area, biomes, and pollinators impact diversification in plants, we examined the relationships of these shifts to diversification across the mega-genus Salvia. Methods A chronogram was developed from a supermatrix of anchored hybrid enrichment genomic data and targeted sequence data for over 500 of the nearly 1000 Salvia species. Ancestral areas and biomes were reconstructed using BioGeoBEARS. Pollinator guilds were scored, ancestral pollinators determined, shifts in pollinator guilds identified, and rates of pollinator switches compared. Key results A well-resolved phylogenetic backbone of Salvia and updated subgeneric designations are presented. Salvia originated in Southwest Asia in the Oligocene and subsequently dispersed worldwide. Biome shifts are frequent from a likely ancestral lineage utilizing broadleaf and/or coniferous forests and/or arid shrublands. None of the four species diversification shifts are correlated to shifts in biomes. Shifts in pollination system are not correlated to species diversification shifts, except for one hummingbird shift that precedes a major shift in diversification near the crown of New World subgen. Calosphace. Multiple reversals back to bee pollination occurred within this hummingbird clade. Conclusions Salvia diversified extensively in different continents, biomes, and with both bee and bird pollinators. The lack of tight correlation of area, biome, and most pollinator shifts to the four documented species diversification shifts points to other important drivers of speciation in Salvia.

Two new Salvia species from Durango are described and illustrated. These were revealed while preparing a preliminary list of Salvia for this Mexican state. Salvia durangensis is characterized by ovate leaves, subcordate at the base, deciduous floral bracts, calyx less than 8 mm long, 3-veined upper calyx lip, red corollas without white nectar guides, corolla tube less than 21 mm long, shortly deflexed lower corolla lip, included stamens, glabrous style, and acute lower stigmatic branch. Whereas, Salvia odam can be distinguished by its oblong-lanceolate to ovate leaves with white abaxial surface, deciduous floral bract, yellowish-green calyces, 3 (or sub-5) veined upper calyx lip, white upper corolla tube and lip, dark blue lower corolla lip with white nectar guides, included stamens, pilose style, and acute lower stigmatic branch. Both species are compared with other morphologically similar species and an identification key to native Salvia species of Durango is provided.

Stachys harkerae sp. nova from western Mexico is characterized by its indumentum on stems, leaves and inflorescences composed of tiny glandular-capitate hairs, hirsute stems, and calyces relatively long-toothed surrounding corolla tube, which is rose to pale rose-orangish, exannulate inside and with the tube 6.7–8.2 mm long. Stachys harkerae is most similar to S. bigelovii but differs in having profusely hirsute stems, slightly larger leaves, shorter corolla tubes and a shorter lower corolla lip. It also differs in distribution and habitat; Stachys harkerae is adapted to wetter and warmer conditions below 1450 m a.s.l., whereas S. bigelovii occupies xeric environments, usually above 2200 m a.s.l. An identification key to Stachys in western Mexico is provided.

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Dahlia es un género característico de Asteraceae tribu Coreopsideae y para la Nueva Galicia se conocían ocho especies. El presente texto tiene como finalidad reportar dos especies adicionales.Métodos: Exploraciones botánicas en Nueva Galicia fueron llevadas a cabo. Se revisaron y determinaron ejemplares depositados en los herbarios ANSM, BUAP, CFNL, CHAPA, CIIDIR, ENCB, FCME, IBUG, IEB, MEXU, QMEX, SLPM, UAT, UAZ y XAL. Se realizaron descripciones morfológicas ampliadas y una clave de identificación a partir de la consulta de literatura especializada, del análisis de ejemplares de herbario y la revisión de plantas en el campo. La información recopilada se analizó con un sistema de información geográfica para la elaboración de mapas de distribución y propuestas para categorías de protección.Resultados clave: Se documenta a Dahlia merckii y D. rupicola para la Nueva Galicia. Estos nuevos registros extienden el área de distribución para ambas especies al occidente de México. De acuerdo a las categorías y criterios de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza, D. merckii se puede tratar como una especie en Preocupación Menor. Dahlia rupicola podría considerarse En Peligro tomando en cuenta los valores de extensión de la ocurrencia y el área de ocupación.Conclusiones: Estos datos extienden la amplitud adaptativa de las dos especies de Dahlia a hábitats con condiciones ecológicas diferentes a las antes reconocidas. Recomendamos la realización de estudios para evaluar el estado de conservación de la totalidad de especies del género, de acuerdo a las categorías de conservación a nivel nacional e internacional. Por último, la ampliación de las distribuciones de D. merckii y D. rupicola también señala la necesidad de continuar e impulsar la exploración botánica en México.

Se describe e ilustra a Salvia tilantongensis como una especie nueva de la Mixteca Alta de Oaxaca, México. El taxon es similar en su morfología a Salvia fulgens y S. gesneriiflora. Se distingue de ambas por su corteza exfoliante, peciolos articulados en un engrosamiento del nudo, hojas más estrechas, brácteas florales de menor tamaño y de ápice más corto, pedicelos más largos durante la fructificación, los lóbulos del cáliz agudos y largamente aristados, lóbulo medio del labio inferior de la corola incurvado cóncavo, filamento y estilo más cortos, y rama inferior del estilo más larga. Además, difiere de S. fulgens por la ausencia de un par de papilas en la porción basal del tubo de la corola. También se provee de descripciones detalladas de S. fulgens y S. gesneriiflora.

A taxonomic revision of Salvia subg. Calosphace sect. Membranaceae is presented based on the examination of recent collections and field observations. The section is comprised of 12 species and it occurs from northern Mexico to northern South America. A morphological conspectus, identification key, improved standarized descriptions, photographs, distribution maps, a comprehensive list of synonyms and a discussion about the delimitation of problematic taxa are given.

During botanical explorations in the highlands of NW Mexico, two new Salvia L. species were discovered in the state of Chihuahua: S. reginae J. G. Gonzalez & J. H. Vega and S. spellenbergii J. G. Gonzalez. The first one is morphologically similar to S. concolor Lamb. ex Benth., from which it differs by having smaller floral bracts, a longer upper corolla lip, stamens parallel to the dorsal corolla line, longer filament and connective, the latter ornate with an antrorse tiny acute tooth, longer thecae, longer and exserted styles, and bigger mericarps. Salvia spellenbergii resembles S. fruticulosa Benth., S. goldmanii Fernald and S. pruinosa Fernald; however, it can be distinguished from these because of its shorter petioles, smaller leaf blades, usually fewer floral nodes, fewer flowers per floral node, and regularly shorter calyces. Both species are described and illustrated. Tables with morphological comparisons, illustrations, conservation assessment, and a distribution map are also presented.Citation: Gonzalez-Gallegos J. G., Vega-Mares J. H. & Fernandez J. A. 2019: Salvia reginae and S. spellenbergii (Lamiaceae), two new species from Chihuahua, Mexico. – Willdenowia 49: 319 – 328. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49303Version of record first published online on 26 November 2019 ahead of inclusion in December 2019 issue.

A new species and a new subspecies of Salvia, Salvia vazquezii and Salvia vazquezii subsp. tancitaroensis, from the Jalisco-Colima border and Michoacan, Mexico, respectively, are segregated from the S. gravida complex. They are descri- bed, illustrated and compared. A key to the three taxa and a translated and expanded circumscription of S. gravida are provided.

Lobelia macrocentron (Campanulaceae) was rediscovered when conducting floristic sampling for the Flora inventory of Santuario El Palmito, a natural protected area in the municipality of Concordia, Sinaloa, Mexico. The species was discovered 169 years ago by B.C. Seemann between 1849 and 1850, as part of one of the inland explorations of the Herald’s voyage. Seemann’s specimens served as the type and only known collection of the species. The locality of Seemann’s collections is imprecisely described, so that any search attempt would require an extensive exploration in portions of the states of Durango, Nayarit and Sinaloa, covering more than 350 km of Seemann’s route. Also, morphological variation of L. macrocentron was poorly understood as restricted by the only two available specimens. Consequently, we provide an extended description of the species, color plates with the first available photographs, and discussions about relationships, habitat and conservation status.

Salvia ozolotepecensis , S. patriciae and S. sirenis (Lamiaceae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, are described and illustrated as three new species. The first one is characterized by its glandular-capitate pubescence in stems, leaves and inflorescences, mostly persistent floral bracts, entire and 5-veined upper calyx lip, red corolla, epapillate inside, included stamens, and connective ornate with opposed retrorse and antrorse teeth bordering an incision. It is most similar to S. perlonga and S. praestans to which it is compared. The second can be distinguished in having ovate to ovate-deltoid leaf blades, entire, acute and 7-veined upper calyx lips, red corollas, internally ornate near the base with two slender linguiform papillae, upper corolla lip shorter than the lower one, exserted stamens and glabrous style. This new taxon is morphologically similar to the species belonging to Salvia sections Cardinales , Charantia , Incarnatae , Flexuosa , Fulgentes , Iodophyllae and Pedicellata ; although, it cannot be unambiguously assigned to one of these. In contrast, S. sirenis clearly belongs to S. sect. Scorodonia ; amongst the species therein, the new species can be differentiated by the concolorous leaves, rounded to slightly oblique at base, 6–8-flowered floral nodes, longer floral bracts, pedicels, calyces and corollas, and 5 or 7-veined upper calyx lip. Also, it represents an addition to Mexican Salvia with white corollas. The molecular markers ITS, trn L -trn F and trn H- psb A were sequenced for two of the three new species, and their phylogenetic position is discussed.

The genus Lobelia is cosmopolitan and comprises 423 species in 18 sections. Lobelia sect. Stenotium is the most diverse group with 153 species, has a wide distribution in continental North America and is segregated into two subgroups based on the presence of spurred flowers. There are 16 spurred Lobelia species that occur in streamside or seep areas, throughout pine and oak mixed forests from USA to Costa Rica, but they are frequent along the Pacific slopes of the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO), Mexico, where 10 species grow. In this paper we present a synopsis of the spurred species of Lobelia in the SMO and propose two new taxa. First, Lobelia rzedowskii is morphologically similar to L. ayersiae, L. cordifolia and L. endlichii but differs by its rosulate leaves, blades 0.5–1.5 × 0.4–1 cm, subsessile, racemose to paniculate inflorescences, with (4–)10–35(–191) flowers, flowers 4–6 mm long including hypanthium, spur 0.5–1 × 0.5–0.8 mm, with the lower two calyx lobes positioned at the middle portion of the spur, white corolla with a yellow spot above lobe sinuses on the throat and staminal tube 1.3–2.5 mm long. Second, Lobelia saturnini is morphologically similar to L. knoblochii, L. macrocentron, L. mcvaughii and L. villaregalis, but differs from them by leaves (2–)4–14(–17) mm long, petioles 2–6(–17) mm long, solitary flowers, flowers 12–16 mm long including hypanthium, hypanthium 1.2–2.5 mm long, spur 2–3 mm long, pedicels (1.3–)2–9(–12) cm long and anthers 1–2.2 mm long. We include an identification key for spurred species of Lobelia in the SMO, photographs, distribution notes with a map, and illustrations.

An updated and annotated checklist of Cactaceae in the Mexican state of Durango is provided, supported by a thorough examination of specialized literature and herbarium specimens, as well as field work. Additionally, geographical distribution, endemism and conservation status of the species were analyzed based on a compiled data matrix with 2326 georeferenced records. Cactaceae comprises 137 species and 29 genera in Durango, which represent a high proportion of the Mexican cactus flora: 46−58% at the generic level and 20−23% at the specific level. The estimated richness according to Chao-2 and Jackknife-1 is 143 and 151 species respectively, which means that the inventory we present here for the Cactaceae of Durango is complete in 91 to 96%. Since no herbarium specimens nor registers in reliable data bases were found to support their presence in the area, 46 taxa were excluded; even so, this inventory increases by 30% the cacti richness previously reported for Durango and provides new information on the distribution range of many species. The richest genera are Mammillaria, Opuntia, Coryphantha and Echinocereus. The highest concentration of species occurs in the arid and semiarid zone of eastern Durango, although there are also some spots with significant richness in the tropical region on the western slopes of the Sierra Madre Occidental. 75% of the species are endemic to Mexico, 41% are regional endemics and 5% are restricted to Durango. New records and relevant novelties are also discussed.

Clinopodium nepeta is reported for the first time from Mexico as a naturalized plant based on two populations located in Oaxaca and San Luis Potosí. This is a variable species broadly cultivated in several countries as culinary, medicinal and ornamental plant. However, it has not been extensively grown in Mexico. We present a description of the species in the country in order to facilitate its identification and avoid possible confusion with native species of Clinopodium or Hedeoma.

Cunila jaliscana, an endemic species to Jalisco, Mexico, is described and illustrated. Morphologically similar to C. lythrifolia, it differs by its divaricate branches, smaller leaf blades, narrower inflorescences, bracts shorter than calyx, and white and erect flowers.

Some species of Salvia were regarded as conspecific with other species of the genus in Flora Mesoamericana. Several of these changes are not justified and could eventually create misconceptions and confusion regarding the identification and distribution of these species, as well as the diversity exhibited by the genus. Therefore, in order to avoid the negative consequences of this synonymizing, updated and improved descriptions, a discussion of the diagnostic features, distribution maps and photographs of the taxa involved are provided here.

Two new species of Salvia , exclusively endemics to Durango, Mexico, are described and illustrated. Salvia albicalyx is similar to Salvia leucantha , especially in habit, but it can be distinguished by floral bracts, pedicel, calyx and corolla size, corolla color, and lower corolla lip shape. Salvia topiensis resembles Salvia decora , but differs in various aspects: cuneate to long-attenuate blade bases; larger floral bracts, calyces, corollas and fruits; more crowded inflorescences; and internally epapillate corolla tubes. Se describen e ilustran dos especies nuevas de Salvia , endemicas exclusivas a Durango, Mexico. Salvia albicalyx es similar a Salvia leucantha , especialmente en habito, pero puede distinguirse por el tamano de la bractea floral, pedicelo, caliz y corola, color de la corola, y la forma del labio inferior. Salvia topiensis se asemeja a Salvia decora , pero difiere en varios aspectos: base cuneada a largo-atenuada de sus laminas; bracteas florales, calices, corolas y frutos mas grandes; inflorescencias mas compactas; y tubos de la corola epapilados en el interior.

Three new species from Jalisco, Mexico, are described and illustrated. These species grow in tropical or in tropical and temperate transitional forests. The 3 species belong to Salvia L. subgenus Calosphace (Benth.) Benth. Salvia carreyesii J. G. González is morphologically similar with section Briquetia Epling. It is characterized by the contrasting vegetative morphology between mature and immature individuals, its relatively large and sessile or sub-sessile leaves (the uppermost amplexicaul), glandular-capitate hairs on the floral axis and calyx, and dark violet corollas. The characters of Salvia ibugana J. G. González correspond to those of the species of section Angulatae (Epling) Epling, within which S. ibugana is distinguished by the digitiform papillae disperse on its stems, petioles and floral axis. Salvia ramirezii J. G. González fits well within section Sigmoideae Epling by means of the sigmoid shape of the lower branch of its style. It is morphologically similar to Salvia crucis and S. quercetorum, from which it can be distinguished by the triangular, slightly succulent, shorter, glabrous, lustrous leaves.

The new species Salvia wixarika from Sierra Madre Occidental region (northern Jalisco, Mexico) is here described and illustrated. This is one of the few Mexican species characterized by having corollas entirely white. It is morphologically related to S. sphacelifolia but differs by the absence of glandular-capitate hairs, leaf shape, floral bract length, pedicel length, number of veins in the upper calyx lip, filament length, connective and style length. It is also similar to S. collinsii but differs in size and duration of floral bracts, pedicel length, calyx width, corolla length, lower lip size, filament length, connective length, theca and style length. Additionally, the updated descriptions of S. collinsii and S. sphacelifolia are provided.

A new species from a botanically little known region of Jalisco, Mexico, is described and illustrated. The morphology of Salvia cacomensis J. G. González, J. Morales et J. Rodríguez is related to that of the species of sections Briquetia Epling and Tubiflorae (Epling) Epling of subgenus Calosphace (Benth.) Benth. The new taxon is distinguished by the combination of its essentially glabrous surface, the 2-flowered verticillasters, the pink to magenta corollas, and the particular dimensions of the floral bract, the calyx and the corolla.