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1. Neutrino Oscillation Tomography of the Earth with the Hyper-Kamiokande Detector

Author

Jesús-Valls, César, Petcov, Serguey T., and Xia, Junjie

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Using PREM as a reference model for the Earth density distribution we investigate the sensitivity of the Hyper-Kamiokande (HK) detector to deviations of the Earth i) core average density $\bar{\rho}_C$, ii) lower mantle average density $\bar{\rho}_{lman}$) and iii) upper mantle average density $\bar{\rho}_{uman}$, from their respective PREM densities. The analysis is performed by studying the effects of the Earth matter on the oscillations of atmospheric $\nu_{\mu}$, $\nu_e$, $\bar{\nu}_\mu$ and $\bar{\nu}_e$. We implement the constraints on the variations of $\rho_C$, $\rho_{lman}$ and $\rho_{uman}$ following from the precise knowledge of the Earth mass $M_\oplus$ and moment of inertia $I_\oplus$, as well as from the requirement that the Earth be in hydrostatic equilibrium (EHE). These constraints limit in the case of the three layer Earth density structure we are considering the maximal positive deviation of $\bar{\rho}_C$ from its PREM value to $10\%$. Considering the case of normal ordering (NO) of neutrino masses, we present results which illustrate the dependence of sensitivity to the core, lower and upper mantle average densities on the energy and zenith angle resolutions, on whether or not the prospective systematic errors are accounted for and on the value of $\theta_{23}$. We show, in particular, that in the ''nominal'' case of neutrino energy resolution $E_{res} = 30\%$ and zenith angle resolution $\theta_{zres} = 20^\circ$ and for, e.g., $\sin^2\theta_{23}=0.45~(0.58)$, HK can determine the average core density $\bar{\rho}_C$ at $2\sigma$ C.L. after 6500 days of operation with an uncertainty of (-14.5\%)/+39.5\% ((-9.3\%/+31.7\%). In the ''more favorable'' case of $E_{res}= 20\%$ and $\theta_{zres} = 10^\circ$, and if $\sin^2\theta_{23}=0.58~(0.45)$, the core density would be determined at $2\sigma$ C.L. with an uncertainty of (-8.3\%)/+9.8\% ((-9.2\%)/+11.3\%)., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2111.13048

Published
2024

2. Combined Pre-Supernova Alert System with Kamland and Super-Kamiokande

Author

KamLAND, Collaborations, Super-Kamiokande, Abe, Seisho, Eizuka, Minori, Futagi, Sawako, Gando, Azusa, Gando, Yoshihito, Goto, Shun, Hachiya, Takahiko, Hata, Kazumi, Ichimura, Koichi, Ieki, Sei, Ikeda, Haruo, Inoue, Kunio, Ishidoshiro, Koji, Kamei, Yuto, Kawada, Nanami, Kishimoto, Yasuhiro, Koga, Masayuki, Kurasawa, Maho, Mitsui, Tadao, Miyake, Haruhiko, Morita, Daisuke, Nakahata, Takeshi, Nakajima, Rika, Nakamura, Kengo, Nakamura, Rikuo, Nakamura, Ryo, Nakane, Jun, Ozaki, Hideyoshi, Saito, Keita, Sakai, Taichi, Shimizu, Itaru, Shirai, Junpei, Shiraishi, Kensuke, Shoji, Ryunosuke, Suzuki, Atsuto, Takeuchi, Atsuto, Tamae, Kyoko, Watanabe, Hiroko, Watanabe, Kazuho, Yoshida, Sei, Umehara, Saori, Fushimi, Ken-Ichi, Kotera, Kenta, Urano, Yusuke, Berger, Bruce E., Fujikawa, Brian K., Larned, John G., Maricic, Jelena, Fu, Zhenghao, Smolsky, Joseph, Winslow, Lindley A., Efremenko, Yuri, Karwowski, Hugon J., Markoff, Diane M., Tornow, Werner, Dell'Oro, Stefano, O'Donnell, Thomas, Detwiler, Jason A., Enomoto, Sanshiro, Decowski, Michal P., Weerman, Kelly M., Grant, Christopher, Song, Hasung, Li, Aobo, Axani, Spencer N., Garcia, Miles, Abe, Ko, Bronner, Christophe, Hayato, Yoshinari, Hiraide, Katsuki, Hosokawa, Keishi, Ieki, Kei, Ikeda, Motoyasu, Kameda, June, Kanemura, Yuki, Kaneshima, Ryota, Kashiwagi, Yuri, Kataoka, Yousuke, Miki, Shintaro, Mine, Shunichi, Miura, Makoto, Moriyama, Shigetaka, Nakahata, Masayuki, Nakano, Yuuki, Nakayama, Shoei, Noguchi, Yohei, Sato, Kazufumi, Sekiya, Hiroyuki, Shiba, Hayato, Shimizu, Kotaro, Shiozawa, Masato, Sonoda, Yutaro, Suzuki, Yoichiro, Takeda, Atsushi, Takemoto, Yasuhiro, Tanaka, Hidekazu K., Yano, Takatomi, Han, Seungho, Kajita, Takaaki, Okumura, Kimihiro, Tashiro, Takuya, Tomiya, Takuya, Wang, Xubin, Yoshida, Shunsuke, Fernandez, Pablo, Labarga, Luis, Ospina, Nataly, Zaldivar, Bryan, Pointon, Barry W., Kearns, Edward, Raaf, Jennifer L., Wan, Linyan, Wester, Thomas, Bian, Jianming, Griskevich, Jeff, Smy, Michael B., Sobel, Henry W., Takhistov, Volodymyr, Yankelevich, Alejandro, Hill, James, Jang, MinCheol, Lee, Seonghak, Moon, DongHo, Park, RyeongGyoon, Bodur, Baran, Scholberg, Kate, Walter, Chris W., Beauchêne, Antoine, Drapier, Olivier, Giampaolo, Alberto, Mueller, Thomas A., Santos, Andrew D., Paganini, Pascal, Quilain, Benjamin, Rogly, Rudolph, Nakamura, Taku, Jang, Jee-Seung, Machado, Lucas N., Learned, John G., Choi, Koun, Iovine, Nadege, Cao, Son V., Anthony, Lauren H. V., Martin, Daniel G. R., Prouse, Nick W., Scott, Mark, Uchida, Yoshi, Berardi, Vincenzo, Calabria, Nicola F., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, Emilio, Langella, Aurora, de Rosa, Gianfranca, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Feltre, Matteo, Iacob, Fabio, Mattiazzi, Marco, Ludovici, Lucio, Gonin, Michel, Périssé, Lorenzo, Pronost, Guillaume, Fujisawa, Chiori, Horiuchi, Shogo, Kobayashi, Misaki, Liu, Yu-Ming, Maekawa, Yuto, Nishimura, Yasuhiro, Okazaki, Reo, Akutsu, Ryosuke, Friend, Megan, Hasegawa, Takuya, Ishida, Taku, Kobayashi, Takashi, Jakkapu, Mahesh, Matsubara, Tsunayuki, Nakadaira, Takeshi, Nakamura, Kenzo, Oyama, Yuichi, Sakashita, Ken, Sekiguchi, Tetsuro, Tsukamoto, Toshifumi, Yrey, Antoniosk Portocarrero, Bhuiyan, Nahid, Burton, George T., Di Lodovico, Francesca, Gao, Joanna, Goldsack, Alexander, Katori, Teppei, Migenda, Jost, Ramsden, Rory M., Xie, Zhenxiong, Zsoldos, Stephane, Suzuki, Atsumu T., Takagi, Yusuke, Takeuchi, Yasuo, Zhong, Haiwen, Feng, Jiahui, Feng, Li-Cheng, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Zhuojun, Kawaue, Masaki, Kikawa, Tatsuya, Mori, Masamitsu, Nakaya, Tsuyoshi, Wendell, Roger A., Yasutome, Kenji, Jenkins, Sam J., McCauley, Neil K., Mehta, Pruthvi, Tarrant, Adam, Wilking, Mike J., Fukuda, Yoshiyuki, Itow, Yoshitaka, Menjo, Hiroaki, Ninomiya, Kotaro, Yoshioka, Yushi, Lagoda, Justyna, Mandal, Maitrayee, Mijakowski, Piotr, Prabhu, Yashwanth S., Zalipska, Joanna, Jia, Mo, Jiang, Junjie, Shi, Wei, Yanagisawa, Chiaki, Harada, Masayuki, Hino, Yota, Ishino, Hirokazu, Koshio, Yusuke, Nakanishi, Fumi, Sakai, Seiya, Tada, Tomoaki, Tano, Tomohiro, Ishizuka, Takeharu, Barr, Giles, Barrow, Daniel, Cook, Laurence, Samani, Soniya, Wark, David, Holin, Anna, Nova, Federico, Jung, Seunghyun, Yang, Byeongsu, Yang, JeongYeol, Yoo, Jonghee, Fannon, Jack E. P., Kneale, Liz, Malek, Matthew, McElwee, Jordan M., Thiesse, Matthew D., Thompson, Lee F., Wilson, Stephen T., Okazawa, Hiroko, Mohan, Lakshmi S., Kim, SooBong, Kwon, Eunhyang, Seo, Ji-Woong, Yu, Intae, Ichikawa, Atsuko K., Nakamura, Kiseki D., Tairafune, Seidai, Nishijima, Kyoshi, Eguchi, Aoi, Nakagiri, Kota, Nakajima, Yasuhiro, Shima, Shizuka, Taniuchi, Natsumi, Watanabe, Eiichiro, Yokoyama, Masashi, de Perio, Patrick, Fujita, Saki, Jesus-Valls, Cesar, Martens, Kai, Tsui, Ka M., Vagins, Mark R., Xia, Junjie, Izumiyama, Shota, Kuze, Masahiro, Matsumoto, Ryo, Terada, Kotaro, Asaka, Ryusei, Ishitsuka, Masaki, Ito, Hiroshi, Ommura, Yuga, Shigeta, Natsuki, Shinoki, Masataka, Yamauchi, Koki, Yoshida, Tsukasa, Gaur, Rhea, Gousy-Leblan, Vincent, Hartz, Mark, Konaka, Akira, Li, Xiaoyue, Chen, Shaomin, Xu, Benda, Zhang, Aiqiang, Zhang, Bin, Posiadala-Zezula, Magdalena, Boyd, Steven B., Edwards, Rory, Hadley, David, Nicholson, Matthew, O'Flaherty, Marcus, Richards, Benjamin, Ali, Ajmi, Jamieson, Blair, Amanai, Shogo, Marti-Magro, Lluis, Minamino, Akihiro, Shibayama, Ryo, and Suzuki, Serina

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Preceding a core-collapse supernova, various processes produce an increasing amount of neutrinos of all flavors characterized by mounting energies from the interior of massive stars. Among them, the electron antineutrinos are potentially detectable by terrestrial neutrino experiments such as KamLAND and Super-Kamiokande via inverse beta decay interactions. Once these pre-supernova neutrinos are observed, an early warning of the upcoming core-collapse supernova can be provided. In light of this, KamLAND and Super-Kamiokande, both located in the Kamioka mine in Japan, have been monitoring pre-supernova neutrinos since 2015 and 2021, respectively. Recently, we performed a joint study between KamLAND and Super-Kamiokande on pre-supernova neutrino detection. A pre-supernova alert system combining the KamLAND detector and the Super-Kamiokande detector was developed and put into operation, which can provide a supernova alert to the astrophysics community. Fully leveraging the complementary properties of these two detectors, the combined alert is expected to resolve a pre-supernova neutrino signal from a 15 M$_{\odot}$ star within 510 pc of the Earth, at a significance level corresponding to a false alarm rate of no more than 1 per century. For a Betelgeuse-like model with optimistic parameters, it can provide early warnings up to 12 hours in advance., Comment: Resubmitted to ApJ. 22 pages, 16 figures, for more information about the combined pre-supernova alert system, see https://www.lowbg.org/presnalarm/

Published
2024
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3. Lead perovskites as CE$\nu$NS detectors

Author

Jesús-Valls, César and Sánchez, Federico

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The recent discovery of Coherent Elastic neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CE$\nu$NS) has created new opportunities to detect and study neutrinos. The interaction cross-section in CE$\nu$NS scales quadratically with the number of neutrons, making heavy-nuclei targets such as active lead-based detectors ideal. In this Letter, we discuss for the first time the potential of semiconductor lead perovskites for building neutrino detectors. Lead perovskites have emerged in the last decade as revolutionary materials for radiation detection due to their heavy and flexible element composition and their unique optoelectronic properties that result in an excellent energy resolution at an economic cost. While dedicated research and development will be necessary, we find great benefits and no inherent obstacles for the development of lead perovskites as CE$\nu$NS detectors.

Published
2023

4. Uncovering the neutrino mass ordering with the next galactic core-collapse supernova neutrino burst using water Cherenkov detectors

Author

Jesús-Valls, César

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

A major challenge of particle physics is determining the neutrino mass ordering (MO). Due to matter effects, the flavor content of the neutrino flux from a Core-Collapse Supernova (CCSN) depends on the true neutrino MO resulting in markedly different energy and angle distributions for the measured lepton in water Cherenkov neutrino detectors. In this article, those distributions are compared for eight different CCSN models and used to study how their differences affect the determination of the neutrino mass ordering. In all cases, the inferred neutrino mass ordering is found to be either correct or inconclusive, with no significant false positives. However, the substantial variation observed among model predictions emphasizes the criticality of ongoing research in CCSN modeling.

Published
2022
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5. Data-driven detector signal characterization with constrained bottleneck autoencoders

Author

Jesús-Valls, César, Lux, Thorsten, and Sánchez, Federico

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer Science - Machine Learning, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A common technique in high energy physics is to characterize the response of a detector by means of models tunned to data which build parametric maps from the physical parameters of the system to the expected signal of the detector. When the underlying model is unknown it is difficult to apply this method, and often, simplifying assumptions are made introducing modeling errors. In this article, using a waveform toy model we present how deep learning in the form of constrained bottleneck autoencoders can be used to learn the underlying unknown detector response model directly from data. The results show that excellent performance results can be achieved even when the signals are significantly affected by random noise. The trained algorithm can be used simultaneously to perform estimations on the physical parameters of the model, simulate the detector response with high fidelity and to denoise detector signals.

Published
2022
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6. A novel range telescope concept for proton CT

Author

Granado-González, Marc, Jesús-Valls, César, Lux, Thorsten, Price, Tony, and Sánchez, Federico

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Proton beam therapy can potentially offer improved treatment for cancers of the head and neck and in paediatric patients. There has been a sharp uptake of proton beam therapy in recent years as improved delivery techniques and patient benefits are observed. However, treatments are currently planned using conventional x-ray CT images due to the absence of devices able to perform high quality proton computed tomography (pCT) under realistic clinical conditions. A new plastic-scintillator-based range telescope concept, named ASTRA, is proposed here to measure the proton's energy loss in a pCT system. Simulations conducted using GEANT4 yield an expected energy resolution of 0.7\%. If calorimetric information is used the energy resolution could be further improved to about $0.5\%$. In addition, the ability of ASTRA to track multiple protons simultaneously is presented. Due to its fast components, ASTRA is expected to reach unprecedented data collection rates, similar to $10^8$ protons/s. The performance of ASTRA has also been tested by simulating the imaging of phantoms. The results show excellent image contrast and relative stopping power reconstruction.

Published
2021
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7. Graph neural network for 3D classification of ambiguities and optical crosstalk in scintillator-based neutrino detectors

Author

Alonso-Monsalve, Saúl, Douqa, Dana, Jesús-Valls, César, Lux, Thorsten, Pina-Otey, Sebastian, Sánchez, Federico, Sgalaberna, Davide, and Whitehead, Leigh H.

Subjects
Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Deep learning tools are being used extensively in high energy physics and are becoming central in the reconstruction of neutrino interactions in particle detectors. In this work, we report on the performance of a graph neural network in assisting with particle flow event reconstruction. The three-dimensional reconstruction of particle tracks produced in neutrino interactions can be subject to ambiguities due to high multiplicity signatures in the detector or leakage of signal between neighboring active detector volumes. Graph neural networks potentially have the capability of identifying all these features to boost the reconstruction performance. As an example case study, we tested a graph neural network, inspired by the GraphSAGE algorithm, on a novel 3D-granular plastic-scintillator detector, that will be used to upgrade the near detector of the T2K experiment. The developed neural network has been trained and tested on diverse neutrino interaction samples, showing very promising results: the classification of particle track voxels produced in the detector can be done with efficiencies and purities of 94-96% per event and most of the ambiguities can be identified and rejected, while being robust against systematic effects.

Published
2020
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8. Future neutrino physics with Hyper-Kamiokande.

Author

Jesús-Valls, César

Subjects
*NEUTRINOS, *OBSERVATORIES, *ASTRONOMICAL observatories, *ASTROPHYSICS, *ASTRONOMY
Abstract

Hyper-Kamiokande, the next-generation neutrino observatory in Japan, evolves from its predecessors, Kamiokande, Super-Kamiokande and T2K, with a significant upgrade to a 258-kton water Cherenkov detector equipped with 20,000 PMTs. Hyper-Kamiokande will host an extremely rich and broad physics program, covering areas from neutrino astrophysics to nucleon decay searches and precision neutrino oscillation measurements. Positioned as the far detector for the JPARC neutrino beam, with a baseline of 295 km, and utilizing near detectors such as the upgraded ND280 detector and INGRID currently used by the T2K experiment, Hyper-Kamiokande will have excellent sensitivity to CP violation signatures in neutrino oscillations. Set to be completed in 2027, we summarize Hyper-Kamiokande's status and physics program, with an emphasis on its CP violation searches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Total neutron cross-section measurement on CH with a novel 3D-projection scintillator detector

Author

Agarwal, Arun, Budd, H., Capó, J., Chong, P., Christodoulou, G., Danilov, M., Dergacheva, A., De Roeck, Albert, Dokania, Neha, Douqa, Dana, Dugas, K., Fedotov, S., Gwon, S., Howell, R., Iwamoto, K., Jesús-Valls, César, Jung, C.K., Kasetti, Siva Prasad, Khabibullin, Marat, Khotjantsev, A., and Sgalaberna, Davide

Abstract

In order to extract neutrino oscillation parameters, long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments rely on detailed models of neutrino interactions with nuclei. These models constitute an important source of systematic uncertainty, partially because detectors to date have been blind to final state neutrons. Three-dimensional projection scintillator trackers comprise components of the near detectors of the next generation long-baseline neutrino experiments. Due to the good timing resolution and fine granularity, this technology is capable of measuring neutron kinetic energy in neutrino interactions on an event-by-event basis and will provide valuable data for refining neutrino interaction models and ways to reconstruct neutrino energy. Two prototypes have been exposed to the neutron beamline at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in both 2019 and 2020, with neutron energies between 0 and 800 MeV. In order to demonstrate the capability of neutron detection, the total neutron-scintillator cross section as a function of neutron energy is measured and compared to external measurements. The measured total neutron cross section in scintillator between 98 and 688 MeV is 0.36 ± 0.05 barn., Physics Letters B, 840, ISSN:0370-2693, ISSN:0031-9163, ISSN:1873-2445

Published
2023

14. Single Positive Pion Production in Neutrino Neutral Current Interactions in T2K

Author

Jesús-Valls, César

Abstract

T2K is an accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiment providing World-leading measurements of the atmospheric oscillation parameters. These measurements are made by comparing observed event rates with the unoscillated expectations based on Monte Carlo constrained by a near detector complex and external data. The comparisons are made across several data samples based on the type and number of rings observed in the Superkamiokande (SK) water Cherenkov far detector. Due to their similar masses, muons and pions generate similar signatures in SK. Thus, neutral current (NC) events producing a single observable charged pion in the final state form a significant background in the most relevant signal samples for atmospheric oscillation parameters. Despite accounting for less than 3% of the total selected interactions this background has a large systematic uncertainty on its overall cross-section normalization, leading to a total event rate systematic uncertainty comparable to that of the much more numerous CCQE signal events. In addition, the localized nature of these background events in the energy spectrum and their relatively complex energy smearing make them an important nuisance. The statistical errors will decrease over the next few years as T2K continues to collect data. Hence, constraining the systematic error of this background is expected to significantly benefit the future determination of the atmospheric parameters. Single charged pion production in NC neutrino-nucleus interactions has only been studied a handful of times, with the most recent published studies dating from more than four decades ago. A new selection of these events in the T2K ND280 detector, along with preliminary performance metrics will be presented.

Published
2022
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15. Analysis of the single π+ production in neutrino neutral current interactions and instrumentation developments for the future understanding of neutrino physics using the ND280 detector of the T2K experiment

Author

Jesús Valls, César, Lux, Thorsten, Sánchez Nieto, Federico, and Casado Lechuga, María del Pilar

Subjects
Neutri, Ciències Experimentals, Neutrino
Abstract

Un dels camps de recerca més actius dins la física d'altes energies és l'estudi dels neutrins. En la teoria dominant, continguda en l'anomenat Model Estàndard (ME) de la física de partícules, la fenomenologia de la física de neutrins està determinada per set graus de llibertat: tres masses ((m1,m2,m3) , tres angles de mescla (θ12, θ13, θ23) i una fase que viola la simetria CP (δCP). Actualment, el desafiament experimental més destacat en la física de neutrins és determinar amb precisió els valors d'aquests paràmetres per validar el ME o descobrir nova física. L'experiment Tokai-To-Kamioka (T2K) és una de les principals referències al camp. A T2K es produeix mitjançant un accelerador un feix de neutrins o antineutrins que és mesurat en dues ubicacions: a 280m del punt de producció mitjançant el detector ND280 ia 295 km de distància amb el detector Super-Kamiokande. ND280 s'utilitza per tal de caracteritzar les propietats del feix de neutrins abans que es produeixin efectes d'oscil·lació significatius i per estudiar com interactuen els neutrins a les energies rellevants per a T2K. Amb aquest coneixement es calcula una predicció del número d'esdeveniments esperats a Super-Kamiokande que en combinació amb les dades permet mesurar θ13, θ23, Δm2 23 = m22 − m23 y δCP. Dos factors limiten mesures més precises a T2K. D'una banda, el nombre limitat d'interaccions recopilades que determina l'error estadístic. D'altra banda, les incerteses sistemàtiques relatives als models que descriuen les interaccions de neutrins, el detector i el feix. Si bé l'error estadístic disminuirà en els propers anys a mesura que T2K continuï funcionant, cal treballar activament per reduir les incerteses sistemàtiques. En aquesta tesi s'estudien dues maneres d'aconseguir-ho mitjançant el desenvolupament d'un nou anàlisi i avenços en instrumentació. A l'anàlisi d'oscil·lació (AO) de T2K, una de les principals fonts d'incertesa sistemàtica és la de les interaccions de neutrins intervinguts per corrents neutres que generen un únic π+ a l'estat final (NC1π+). El coneixement actual sobre aquest procés és limitat pel fet que l'única mesura reportada consisteix en menys de cent interaccions registrades el 1978 per la càmera de bombolles de l'experiment Gargamelle. En aquesta tesi es presenta el primer estudi d'aquest tipus d'interaccions fet amb un experiment modern de neutrins mitjançant l'anàlisi de dades de T2K recol·lectades pel detector ND280. Amb aquest propòsit, s'ha desenvolupat un nou algorisme de selecció d'esdeveniments a ND280. Els resultats preliminars constitueixen la descripció més detallada de la naturalesa del procés. A més, la incertesa de la secció eficaç extreta és menys de la meitat de la utilitzada actualment a l'AO de T2K i, per tant, té el potencial de millorar significativament les futures mesures d'oscil·lació de neutrins a T2K. Millorar els instruments existents és una tasca essencial per reduir les incerteses sistemàtiques. A aquest efecte, el detector ND280 està sent millorat mitjançant l'addició de tres noves tecnologies de detecció: dues noves càmeres de projecció temporal (HATPCs), un nou detector de gra superfí (SuperFGD) i sis panells de temps de vol (ToF). En aquesta tesi, es presenten contribucions rellevants al desenvolupament d'aquestes tecnologies, que inclouen: estudis de sensibilitat basats en simulació, proves de validació dels mòduls de lectura ERAM per a les HATPCs, la caracterització dels senyals i del potencial d'identificació de particules de SuperFGD usant un prototip i el desenvolupament de nous mètodes de reconstrucció per a SuperFGD i els panells ToF basats en algorismes daprenentatge profund. Uno de los campos de investigación más activos dentro de la física de altas energías es el estudio de los neutrinos. En la teoría dominante, contenida en el llamado Modelo Estándar (ME) de la física de partículas, la fenomenología de la física de neutrinos está determinada por siete grados de libertad: tres masas ((m1,m2,m3), tres ángulos de mezcla (θ12, θ13, θ23) y una fase que viola la simetría CP (δCP). Actualmente, el desafío experimental más destacado en la física de neutrinos es determinar con precisión los valores de estos parámetros a fin de validar el ME o de descubrir nueva física. El experimento Tokai-To-Kamioka (T2K) es una de las principales referencias en el campo. En T2K se produce mediate un acelerador un haz de neutrinos o antineutrinos que es medido en dos ubicaciones: a 280m del punto de producción mediante el detector ND280 y a 295 km de distancia con el detector Super-Kamiokande. ND280 se utiliza con el fin de caracterizar las propiedades del haz de neutrinos antes de que se produzcan efectos de oscilación significativos y para estudiar cómo interactúan los neutrinos en las energías relevantes para T2K. Con este conocimiento se calcula una predicción de la tasa de eventos en Super-Kamiokande que en combinación con los datos permite medir θ13, θ23, Δm2 23 = m22 − m23 y δCP. Dos factores limitan mediciones más precisas en T2K. Por un lado, el limitado número de interacciones recopiladas que determina el error estadístico. Por otro lado, las incertidumbres sistemáticas relativas a los modelos que describen las interacciones de neutrinos, el detector y el haz. Si bien el error estadístico disminuirá en los próximos años a medida que T2K continúe funcionando, se necesita trabajar activamente para reducir las incertidumbres sistemáticas. En esta tesis se estudian dos formas de conseguirlo mediante el desarrollo de un nuevo análisis y avances en instrumentación. En el análisis de oscilación (AO) de T2K, una de las principales fuentes de incertidumbre sistemática es la de las interacciones de neutrinos mediadas por corrientes neutras que generan un único π+ en el estado final (NC1π+). El conocimiento actual sobre este proceso es limitado debido a que la única medida reportada consiste en menos de cien interacciones registradas en 1978 por la cámara de burbujas del experimento Gargamelle. En esta tesis se presenta el primer estudio de este tipo de interacciones hecho con un experimento moderno de neutrinos mediante el análisis de datos de T2K recolectados por el detector ND280. Con este propósito, se ha desarrollado un nuevo algoritmo de selección de eventos en ND280. Los resultados preliminares constituyen la descripción más detallada de la naturaleza de este proceso. Además, la incertidumbre de la sección eficaz extraída es menos de la mitad de la utilizada actualmente en el AO de T2K y por ende, tiene el potencial de mejorar significativamente las futuras medidas de oscilación de neutrinos en T2K. Mejorar los instrumentos existentes es una tarea esencial para reducir las incertidumbres sistemáticas. Con este fin, el detector ND280 está siendo mejorado mediante la adición de tres nuevas tecnologías de detección: dos nuevas cámaras de proyección temporal (HATPCs), un novedoso detector de grano superfino (SuperFGD) y seis paneles de tiempo de vuelo (ToF). En esta tesis, se presentan contribuciones relevantes al desarrollo de estas tecnologías, que incluyen: estudios de sensibilidad basados en simulación, pruebas de validación de los módulos de lectura ERAM para las HATPCs, la caracterización de las señales y del potencial de identificación de particulas de SuperFGD usando un prototipo y el desarrollo de nuevos métodos de reconstrucción para SuperFGD y los paneles ToF basados en algoritmos de aprendizaje profundo. Nowadays, one of the most active research fields within the domain of high energy physics is the study of neutrinos. In the mainstream theory, encompassed in the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, the phenomenology of neutrino physics is determined by seven degrees of freedom, consisting of three masses ((m1,m2,m3), three mixing angles (θ12, θ13, θ23) and a CP-violating phase (δCP). Currently, the most prominent experimental challenge in neutrino physics is to determine precisely the values of these parameters in order to better understand the fundamental behavior of nature and to to explore the validity of the SM. The Tokai-To-Kamioka (T2K) experiment is one of the main references in the field. In T2K, an accelerator-based neutrino or antineutrino beam is produced and measured at two sites: At 280~m from the production point using the ND280 detector and 295~km away in the Super Kamiokande detector. ND280 is used to characterize the properties of the neutrino beam before any significant oscillation effects take place and to study how neutrinos scatter in matter at energies relevant to T2K. With this knowledge, an event rate prediction is calculated for Super Kamiokande that in combination with data is used to measure neutrino properties, in particular θ13, θ23, Δm2 23 = m22 − m23 y δCP. Two factors limit more accurate measurements in T2K. On one hand, the limited number of collected neutrino events determines the amount of statistical error. On the other hand, event rate predictions are affected by systematic uncertainties regarding the detector, beam, and neutrino interaction models. While the statistical error will decrease in the coming years as T2K continues to collect data, active work is needed to reduce systematic uncertainties. In this thesis two ways to achieve it are studied consisting of analysis and instrumentation developments. In T2K's oscillation analysis (OA) one of the main sources of systematic uncertainty is that of neutrino neutral current interactions that produce a single π+ in the final state (NC1π+). Current knowledge about this process is limited due to the fact that the only reported measurement consists of less than hundred interactions recorded in 1978 by the Gargamelle bubble chamber experiment. In this thesis, the first study of this type of interactions in a modern neutrino experiment is presented using T2K data collected by the ND280 detector. With this purpose, a new selection algorithm for ND280 data has been developed. The preliminary analysis of the output selected samples constitutes the most detailed description of the nature of this process. In addition, the extracted cross section uncertainty is less than half of that currently used in T2K OA and thus has the potential to significantly benefit future T2K oscillation measurements. Improving existing instruments is an essential task to reduce systematic uncertainties. To this end, the ND280 detector is being significantly upgraded with the addition of three new detection technologies: two new High-Angle TimeProjection-Chambers (HATPCs), a novel fully Super-Fine-Grain-Detector (SuperFGD) and six Time-Of-Flight (ToF). In this thesis, relevant contributions to the development of these technologies are presented, including: simulation-based sensitivity studies, validation tests of the novel ERAM-based readout of the HATPCs, measurements of the response and the PID potential of SuperFGD using prototype data and the development of new deep learning reconstruction methods for SuperFGD and the ToF panels.

Published
2022

16. The European Physical Journal C

Author

Abed Abud, Adam, Abi, Babak, Acciarri, Roberto, Acero, Mario, Adames, Marcio, Adamov, George, Adamowski, Mark, Adams, David, Adinolfi, Marco, Aduszkiewicz, Antoni, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahmad, Zubayer, Ahmed, Jhanzeb, Aimard, Benjamin, Ali-Mohammadzadeh, Behnam, Alion, Tyler, Allison, Kyle, Alonso Monsalve, Saul, AlRashed, Munera, Alt, Christoph, Alton, Andrew, Alvarez, Rodrigo, Amedo, Pablo, Anderson, John, Andreopoulos, Costas, Andreotti, Mirco, Andrews, Michael P., Andrianala, Fenompanirina, Andringa, Sofia, Anfimov, Nikolay, Ankowski, Artur, Antoniassi, Marcelo, Antonova, Maria, Antoshkin, Alexander, Antusch, Stefan, Aranda-Fernandez, Alfredo, Arellano, Luciano, Arnold, Lukas, Arroyave, Manuel, Asaadi, Jonathan, Asquith, Lily, Aurisano, Adam, Aushev, Vladimir, Autiero, Dario, Ayala Lara, Victor, Ayala-Torres, Marco Alberto, Azfar, Farrukh, Back, Ashley, Back, Henning, Back, John, Backhouse, Chris, Bagaturia, Iuri, Bagby, Linda, Balashov, Nikita, Balasubramanian, Supraja, Baldi, Pierre, Baller, Bruce, Bambah, Bindu, Barao, Fernando, Barenboim, Gabriela, Barham Alzas, Pablo, Barker, Gary J., Barkhouse, Wayne, Barnes, Christopher, Barr, Giles, Barranco Monarca, Juan, Barros, Adilson, Barros, Nuno, Barrow, Joshua, Basharina-Freshville, Anastasia, Bashyal, Amit, Basque, Vincent, Batchelor, Charlie, Batista das Chagas, Ewerton, Battat, J.B. R., Battisti, Federico, Bay, Fatih, Bazetto, Maria Cecilia, Bazo Alba, José Luis, Beacom, John, Bechetoille, Edouard, Behera, Biswaranjan, Beigbeder, Christophe, Bellantoni, Leo, Bellettini, Giorgio, Bellini, Vincenzo, Beltramello, Olga, Benekos, Nektarios, Benitez Montiel, Carlos, Bento Neves, Francisco, Berger, Joshua, Berkman, Sophie, Bernardini, Paolo, Berner, Roman, Bersani, Andrea, Bertolucci, Sergio, Betancourt, Minerba, Betancur Rodríguez, Amalia, Bevan, Adrian, Bezawada, Yashwanth, Bezerra, T.J. C., Bhardwaj, Akhil, Bhatnagar, Vipin, Bhattacharjee, Maharnab, Bhattarai, Devesh, Bhuller, Shyam, Bhuyan, Bipul, Biagi, Simone, Bian, Jianming, Biassoni, Matteo, Biery, Kurt, Bilki, Burak, Bishai, Mary, Bitadze, Alexander, Blake, Andrew, Blaszczyk, Flor de Maria, Blazey, Gerald C., Blucher, Edward, Boissevain, Jan, Bolognesi, Sara, Bolton, Timothy, Bomben, Luca, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bonilla-Diaz, Cesar, Bonini, Filiberto, Booth, Alexander, Boran, Fatma, Bordoni, Stefania, Borkum, Aran, Bostan, Nilay, Bour, Petr, Bourgeois, Christian, Boyden, Daniel, Bracinik, Juraj, Braga, Davide, Brailsford, Dominic, Branca, Antonio, Brandt, Andrew, Bremer, Johan, Breton, Dominique, Brew, Christopher, Brice, Stephen, Brizzolari, Claudia, Bromberg, Carl, Brooke, Jim, Bross, Alan, Brunetti, Giulia, Brunetti, Maria, Buchanan, Norman, Budd, Howard, Butorov, Ilia, Cagnoli, Irene, Cai, Tejin, Caiulo, Davide, Calabrese, Roberto, Calafiura, Paolo, Calcutt, Jacob, Calin, Marius, Calvez, Steven, Calvo, Enrique, Caminata, Alessio, Campanelli, Mario, Caratelli, David, Carber, Daniel, Carceller, J.C., Carceller, Juan Miguel, Carini, Gabriella, Carlus, Bruno, Carneiro, Mateus, Carniti, Paolo, Caro Terrazas, Ivan, Carranza, Hector, Carroll, Thomas, Castaño Forero, Javier, Castillo, Andrés, Castromonte, Cesar, Catano-Mur, Erika, Cattadori, Carla, Cavalier, Fabien, Cavallaro, Giuseppe, Cavanna, Flavio, Centro, Sandro, Cerati, Giuseppe, Cervelli, Alberto, Cervera Villanueva, Anselmo, Chalifour, Michel, Chappell, Andrew, Chardonnet, Etienne, Charitonidis, Nikolas, Chatterjee, Animesh, Chattopadhyay, Subhasish, Chavarry Neyra, Michael Steve, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Mu-Chun, Chen, Yifan, Chen, Zheyang, Chen-Wishart, Zachary, Cheon, Yoolim, Cherdack, Daniel, Chi, Cheng-Yi, Childress, Sam, Chirco, Robert, Chiriacescu, Ana, Chisnall, Georgia, Cho, Kihyeon, Choate, Sarah, Chokheli, David, Chong, Pooi, Christensen, Anne, Christian, David, Christodoulou, Georgios, Chukanov, Artem, Chung, Moses, Church, Eric, Cicero, Valentina, Clarke, Peter, Cline, Gordon, Coan, Thomas, Cocco, Alfredo, Coelho, J.A. B., Colton, Nicole, Conley, Erin, Conley, Robert, Conrad, Janet M., Convery, Mark, Copello, Simone, Cova, Paolo, Cremaldi, Lucien, Cremonesi, Linda, Crespo-Anadón, José, Crisler, Michael, Cristaldo, Esteban, Crnkovic, Jason, Cross, Ryan, Cudd, Andrew, Cuesta, Clara, Cui, Yanou, Cussans, David, Dalager, Olivia, da Motta, Helio, da Silva Peres, Leonardo, David, Claire, David, Quentin, Davies, Gavin, Davini, Stefano, Dawson, Jaime, De, Kaushik, De, Shruti, Debbins, Paul, De Bonis, Isabelle, Decowski, M. Patrick, de Gouvea, Andre, de Holanda, Pedro, de Icaza Astiz, Iker, Deisting, Alexander, De Jong, Paul, Delbart, Alain, Delepine, David, Delgado, Maritza, Dell'Acqua, Andrea, Delmonte, Nicola, De Lurgio, Patrick, de Mello Neto, J.R. T., DeMuth, David, Dennis, Steve, Densham, Chris, Deptuch, Grzegorz, De Roeck, Albert, De Romeri, Valentina, de Souza, Greg, Devi, Ritu, Dharmapalan, Ranjan, Dias, Marco, Diaz, Felix, Diaz, Jorge S., Di Domizio, Sergio, Di Giulio, Letizia, Ding, Pengfei, Di Noto, Lea, Dirkx, Glenn, Distefano, Carla, Diurba, Richard, Diwan, Milind, Djurcic, Zelimir, Doering, Dionisio, Dolan, Stephen, Dolek, Furkan, Dolinski, Michelle J., Domine, Laura, Donon, Yann, Douglas, Daniel, Douillet, Denis, Dragone, Angelo, Drake, Gary, Drielsma, Francois, Duarte, Laura Cristina, Duchesneau, Dominique, Duffy, Kirsty, Dunne, Patrick, Dutta, Bhaskar, Duyang, Hongyue, Dvornikov, Olexiy, Dwyer, Daniel A., Dyshkant, Alexandre S., Eads, Michael, Earle, Antony, Edmunds, Daniel, Eisch, Jonathan, Emberger, Lorenz, Emery, Sandrine, Englezos, Panagiotis, Ereditato, Antonio, Erjavec, Tyler, Escobar, Carlos O., Eurin, Guillaume, Evans, Justin, Ewart, Erin, Ezeribe, Anthony, Fahey, Kevin, Falcone, Andrea, Fani', Mattia, Farnese, Christian, Farzan, Yasaman, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Felix, Julian, Feng, Yue, Fernandez-Martinez, Enrique, Fernandez Menendez, Pablo, Fernandez Morales, Miguel, Ferraro, Federico, Fields, Laura, Filip, Peter, Filthaut, Frank, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Fischer, Vincent, Fitzpatrick, Rory, Flanagan, Will, Fleming, Bonnie, Flight, Robert, Fogarty, Sam, Foreman, Will, Fowler, Jack, Fox, Walt, Franc, Jiri, Francis, Kurt, Franco, Domenico, Freeman, John, Freestone, Julian, Fried, Jack, Friedland, Alex, Fuentes Robayo, Freddy, Fuess, Stu, Furic, Ivan, Furman, Krzysztof, Furmanski, Andrew, Gabrielli, Alessandro, Gago, A.M., Gallagher, Hugh, Gallas, Alexandre, Gallego-Ros, Ana, Gallice, Niccolo, Galymov, Vyacheslav, Gamberini, Enrico, Gamble, Trevor, Ganacim, Francisco, Gandhi, Raj, Gandrajula, Reddy, Gao, Fan, Gao, Shanshan, Garcia-Gamez, Diego, García-Peris, Miguel, Gardiner, Steven, Gastler, Dan, Gauvreau, Jean-Luc, Ge, Guanqun, Geffroy, Nicolas, Gelli, Bruno, Gendotti, Adamo, Gent, Stephen, Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Zahra, Giammaria, Paola, Giammaria, Tommaso, Giangiacomi, Nico, Gibin, Daniele, Gil-Botella, Ines, Gilligan, Sean, Girerd, Claude, Giri, Anjan Kumar, Gnani, Dario, Gogota, Olga, Gold, Michael, Gollapinni, Sowjanya, Gollwitzer, Keith, Gomes, Ricardo, Gomez Bermeo, Laura Vanessa, Gomez Fajardo, L.S., Gonnella, Francesco, Gonzalez-Diaz, Diego, Gonzalez-Lopez, Manuel, Goodman, Maury, Goodwin, Owen, Goswami, Srubabati, Gotti, Claudio, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Grace, Carl, Gran, Rik, Granados, Everardo, Granger, Pierre, Grant, Alan, Grant, Christopher, Gratieri, Diego, Green, Patrick, Greenler, Leland, Greer, Joel, Grenard, Jean-Louis, Griffith, Clark, Groh, Micah, Grudzinski, James, Grzelak, Katarzyna, Gu, Wenqiang, Guardincerri, Elena, Guarino, Victor, Guarise, Marco, Guenette, Roxanne, Guerard, Eric, Guerzoni, Marco, Guffanti, Daniele, Guglielmi, Alberto, Guo, Bing, Gupta, Aseem, Gupta, Vikas, Guthikonda, K.K., Gutierrez, Rafael, Guzowski, Pawel, Guzzo, Marcelo, Gwon, Sunwoo, Ha, Chang Hyon, Haaf, Kevin, Habig, Alec, Hadavand, Haleh, Haenni, Roger, Hahn, Alan, Haiston, James, Hamacher-Baumann, Philip, Hamernik, Thomas, Hamilton, Philip, Han, Jiyeon, Harris, Deborah, Hartnell, Jeffrey, Hartnett, Trevor, Harton, John, Hasegawa, Takyua, Hasnip, Ciaran, Hatcher, Robert, Hatfield, Kaleb, Hatzikoutelis, Athanasios, Hayes, Christopher, Hayrapetyan, Karen, Hays, Jonathan, Hazen, Eric, He, Muyuan, Heavey, Anne, Heeger, Karsten, Heise, Jaret, Henry, Sarah, Hernandez Morquecho, Miguel Angel, Herner, Kenneth, Hewes, V., Hewes, Jeremy, Hilgenberg, Christopher, Hill, Tony, Hillier, Stephen, Himmel, Alexander, Hinkle, Elise, Hirsch, Luciana, Ho, Johnny, Hoff, James, Holin, Anna, Hoppe, Eric, Horton-Smith, Glenn, Hostert, Matheus, Hourlier, Adrien, Howard, Bruce, Howell, Ryan, Hoyos, Jaime, Hristova, Ivana, Hronek, Maxine, Huang, Junying, Hulcher, Zachary, Iles, Gregory, Ilic, Nikolina, Iliescu, Antoniu, Illingworth, Robert, Ingratta, Gianfranco, Ioannisian, Ara, Irwin, Burke, Isenhower, Larry, Itay, Ran, Jackson, Christopher, Jain, Vivek, James, Eric, Jang, Wooyoung, Jargowsky, Benjamin, Jediny, Filip, Jena, Deepika, Jeong, Yu Seon, Jesús-Valls, César, Ji, Xiangpan, Jiang, Libo, Jiménez, Sergio, Jipa, Alexandru, Johnson, Randy, Johnson, Walker, Johnston, Nicholas, Jones, Benjamin, Jones, Sebastian, Judah, Matthew, Jung, Chang Kee, Junk, Thomas, Jwa, Yeon-jae, Kabirnezhad, Monireh, Kaboth, Asher, Kadenko, I., Kakorin, Igor, Kalitkina, Anastasia, Kalra, Daisy, Kamiya, Felipe, Kaneshige, Nathaniel, Kaplan, Daniel, Karagiorgi, Georgia, Karaman, Gurkan, Karcher, Armin, Karolak, Mark, Karyotakis, Yannis, Kasai, Seiji, Kasetti, Siva, Kashur, Lane, Kazaryan, Narine, Kearns, Edward, Keener, Paul, Kelly, Kevin, Kemp, Ernesto, Kemularia, Otari, Ketchum, Wes, Kettell, Steve, Khabibullin, Marat, Khotjantsev, Alexei, Khvedelidze, Arsen, Kim, Doojin, King, Bonnie, Kirby, Brian, Kirby, Mike, Klein, Joshua, Klustova, Anezka, Kobilarcik, Thomas, Koehler, Kevin, Koerner, Lisa, Koh, D.H., Kohn, Sam, Koller, Patrick, Kolupaeva, Liudmila, Korablev, Denis, Kordosky, Mike, Kosc, Thomas, Kose, Umut, Kostelecky, V. Alan, Kothekar, Kunal, Kralik, Robert, Kreczko, Luke, Krennrich, Frank, Kreslo, Igor, Kropp, William, Kroupova, Tereza, Kubota, Shion, Kudenko, Yury, Kudryavtsev, Vitaly A., Kulagin, Sergey, Kumar, Jason, Kumar, Praveen, Kunze, Pablo, Kurita, Nadine, Kuruppu, Chatura, Kus, Vaclav, Kutter, Thomas, Kvasnicka, Jiri, Kwak, Donghyun, Lambert, Andrew, Land, Benjamin, Lane, Charles, Lang, Karol, Langford, Thomas, Langstaff, Mark, Larkin, Jacob, Lasorak, Pierre, Last, David, Laundrie, Andy, Laurenti, Giuliano, Lawrence, Andrew, Lazanu, Ionel, LaZur, Ryan, Lazzaroni, Massimo, Le, Trung, Leardini, Sara, Learned, John, LeBrun, Patrice, LeCompte, Thomas, Lee, Claire, Lee, Soo Yeon, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lehnert, Ralf, de Oliveira, M.A. Leigui, Leitner, Matthaeus, Lepin, Luis, Li, Shirley W., Li, Yichen, Liao, Heng-Ye, Lin, Cheng-Ju Stephen, Lin, Qing, Lin, Shih-Kai, Lineros, Roberto, Ling, Jiajie, Lister, Adam, Littlejohn, Bryce, Liu, Junze, Liu, Yinrui, Lockwitz, Sarah, Loew, Timothy, Lokajicek, Milos, Lomidze, Irakli, Long, Ken, Lord, Tom, LoSecco, John M., Louis, William, Lu, Xianguo, Luk, Kam-Biu, Lunday, Benjamin, Luo, Xiao, Luppi, Eleonora, Lux, Thorsten, Luzio, Vitor, Maalmi, Jihane, MacFarlane, David, Machado, Ana Amelia, Machado, Pedro, Macias, Christopher Thomas, Macier, Jolie R., Maddalena, Antonello, Madera, Alfonso, Madigan, Peter, Magill, Steve, Mahn, Kendall, Maio, Amélia, Major, Adryanna, Maloney, James, Mandrioli, Gianni, Mandujano, Roberto, Maneira, José, Manenti, Laura, Manly, Steve, Mann, Anthony, Manolopoulos, Konstantinos, Manrique Plata, Maria, Manyam, Venkata, Manzanillas, Luis, Marchan, Miquel, Marchionni, Alberto, Marciano, William, Marfatia, Danny, Mariani, Camillo, Maricic, Jelena, Marie, Rodolphe, Marinho, Franciole, Marino, Alysia, Marsden, David, Marshak, Marvin, Marshall, Chris, Marshall, John, Marteau, Jacques, Martin-Albo, Justo, Martinez, Norman, Martinez Caicedo, David, Martínez Miravé, Pablo, Martynenko, Sergey, Mascagna, Valerio, Mason, Katie, Mastbaum, Andrew, Matichard, Fabrice, Matsuno, Shigenobu, Matthews, James, Mauger, Christopher, Mauri, Nicoletta, Mavrokoridis, Konstantinos, Mawby, Isobel, Mazza, Roberto, Mazzacane, Anna, Mazzucato, Edoardo, McAskill, Tracy, McCluskey, Elaine, McConkey, Nicola, McFarland, Kevin, McGrew, Clark, McNab, Andrew, Mefodiev, Alexander, Mehta, Poonam, Melas, Pantelis, Mena, Olga, Mendez, Hector, Mendez, Patricia, Méndez, Diana, Menegolli, A., Meng, Guang, Messier, Mark, Metcalf, William, Mettler, Thomas, Mewes, Matthew, Meyer, Holger, Miao, Ting, Michna, Gregory, Miedema, Thijs, Mikola, Veera, Milincic, Radovan, Miller, Graham, Miller, William, Mills, Joshua, Mineev, Oleg, Minotti, Alessandro, Miranda, Omar, Miryala, Sandeep, Mishra, C. Shekhar, Mishra, Sanjib R., Mislivec, Aaron, Mitchell, Mote, Mladenov, Dimitar, Mocioiu, Irina, Moffat, Kristian, Moggi, Niccolo, Mohanta, Rukmani, Mohayai, Tanaz, Mokhov, Nikolai, Molina, Jorge, Molina Bueno, Laura, Montagna, Elisabetta, Montanari, Alessandro, Montanari, Claudio, Montanari, David, Zetina, L.M. Montañno, Moon, Seok Ho, Mooney, Michael, Moor, Alexandra, Moreno, Deywis, Moretti, Davide, Morris, Casandra, Mossey, Chris, Mitchell Mote, Motuk, Erdem, Moura, Célio, Mousseau, Joel, Mouster, Gwenn, Mu, Wei, Mualem, Leon, Mueller, Justin, Muether, Mathew, Mufson, Stuart, Muheim, Franz, Muir, Alan, Mulhearn, Mike, Munford, Donnie, Muramatsu, Hajime, Murphy, Sebastien, Musser, Jim, Nachtman, Jane, Nagu, Srishti, Nalbandyan, Mikayel, Nandakumar, Raja, Naples, Donna, Narita, Shinya, Nath, Atanu, Navrer-Agasson, Anyssa, Nayak, Nitish, Nebot-Guinot, Miquel, Negishi, Kentaro, Nelson, Jeff, Nesbit, Jake, Nessi, Marzio, Newbold, David, Newcomer, Mitch, Newton, Hannah, Nichol, Ryan, Nicolas-Arnaldos, Francisco, Nikolica, Adrian, Niner, Evan, Nishimura, Kurtis, Norman, Andrew, Norrick, Anne, Northrop, Rich, Novella, Pau, Nowak, Jaroslaw, Oberling, Michael, Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro, Olivier, Andrew, Olshevskiy, Alexander, Onel, Yasar, Onishchuk, Yuriy, Ott, Jordan, Pagani, Luca, Palacio, Guillermo, Palamara, Ornella, Palestini, Sandro, Paley, Jonathan, Pallavicini, Marco, Palomares, Carmen, Panduro Vazquez, William, Pantic, Emilija, Paolone, Vittorio, Papadimitriou, Vaia, Papaleo, Riccardo, Papanestis, Antonis, Paramesvaran, Sudarshan, Parke, Stephen, Parozzi, Elisabetta, Parsa, Zohreh, Parvu, Mihaela, Pascoli, Silvia, Pasqualini, Laura, Pasternak, Jaroslaw, Pater, Joleen, Patrick, Cheryl, Patrizii, Laura, Patterson, Ryan, Patton, Simon John, Patzak, Thomas, Paudel, Ajib, Paulos, Bob, Paulucci, Laura, Pavlovic, Zarko, Pawloski, Greg, Payne, David, Pec, Viktor, Peeters, S.J. M., Pena Perez, Aldo, Pennacchio, Elisabetta, Penzo, Aldo, Peres, Orlando, Perry, James, Pershey, Daniel, Pessina, Gianluigi, Petrillo, Gianluca, Petta, Catia, Petti, Roberto, Valerio Pia, Piastra, Francesco, Pickering, Luke, Pietropaolo, Francesco, Pimentel, Vinicius, Pinaroli, Giovanni, Plows, Komninos-John, Plunkett, Robert, Poling, Ronald, Pompa, Federica, Pons, Xavier, Poonthottathil, Navaneeth, Poppi, Francesco, Pordes, Stephen, Porter, Joshua, Potekhin, Maxim, Potenza, Renato, Potukuchi, B.V. K.S., Pozimski, Juergen, Pozzato, Michele, Prakash, Suprabh, Prakash, Tarun, Prest, Michela, Prince, Sebastien, Psihas, Fernanda, Pugnere, Denis, Qian, Xin, Raaf, Jennifer L., Radeka, Veljko, Rademacker, Jonas, Radics, Balint, Rafique, Aleena, Raguzin, Eric, Rai, Mousam, Rajaoalisoa, Miriama, Rakhno, Igor, Rakotonandrasana, Andrianjafy Michaël, Rakotondravohitra, Laza, Rameika, Regina, Ramirez Delgado, Manuel Alejandro, Ramson, Bryan, Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G.L., Ratoff, Peter, Raut, Sanil, Razakamiandra, Rado Fanantenana, Rea, Eran, Real, Jean-Sebastien, Rebel, Brian, Rechenmacher, Ronald, Reggiani-Guzzo, Marina, Reichenbacher, Juergen, Reitzner, S.D., Rejeb Sfar, Haifa, Renshaw, Andrew, Rescia, Sergio, Resnati, Filippo, Ribas, Marlos, Riboldi, Stefano, Riccio, Ciro, Riccobene, Giorgio, Rice, L.C. J., Ricol, Jean-Stephane, Rigamonti, Alberto, Rigaut, Yann-Axel, Rincón, Edgar, Ritchie-Yates, Harrison, Rivera, David, Robert, Arnaud, Rochester, Leon, Roda, Marco, Rodrigues, Philip, Rodriguez Alonso, Manuel, Rodriguez Bonilla, Engelver, Rodriguez Rondon, Jairo, Rosauro-Alcaraz, Salvador, Rosenberg, Matt, Rosier, Philippe, Roskovec, Bedrich, Rossella, Massimo, Rossi, Marco, Rout, Jogesh, Roy, Palash, Rubbia, Andre, Rubbia, Carlo, Russell, Brooke, Ruterbories, Daniel, Rybnikov, Arseniy, Saa-Hernandez, Angela, Saakyan, Ruben, Sacerdoti, Sabrina, Safford, Twymun, Sahu, Narendra, Sakashita, Ken, Sala, Paola, Samios, Nicholas, Samoylov, Oleg, Sanchez, Mayly, Sandberg, Vern, Sanders, David, Sankey, David, Santana, Samuel, Santos-Maldonado, Marvin, Saoulidou, Niki, Sapienza, Piera, Sarasty, Carlos, Sarcevic, Ina, Savage, Geoffrey, Savinov, Vladimir, Scaramelli, Alberto, Scarff, Andrew, Scarpelli, Andrea, Schefke, Tristan, Schellman, Heidi, Schifano, Sebastiano, Schlabach, Philip, Schmitz, David, Schneider, Austin, Scholberg, Kate, Schukraft, Anne, Segreto, Ettore, Selyunin, Alexander, Senise, C.R., Senise Jr, Carlos, Sensenig, Jon, Sergi, Antonino, Sgalaberna, Davide, Shaevitz, Michael H., Shafaq, Sheeba, Shaker, Fady, Shamma, Michael, Sharankova, Ralitsa, Sharma, Hans, Sharma, Rahul, Sharma, Rajeev, Shaw, Terri, Shchablo, Konstantin, Shepherd-Themistocleous, Claire, Sheshukov, Andrey, Shin, Seodong, Shoemaker, Ian, Shooltz, Dean, Shrock, Robert, Siegel, Harrison, Simard, Laurent, Sinclair, James, Sinev, Gleb, Singh, Jaydip, Singh, Jyotsna, Singh, Lakwinder, Singh, Prabhjot, Singh, Venktesh, Sipos, Roland, Sippach, F.W., Sirri, Gabriele, Sitraka, Andriaseta, Siyeon, Kim, Skarpaas, Knut, Smith, Andrew, Smith, Erica, Smith, Paul, Smolik, Jan, Smy, Michael, Snider, E.L., Snopok, Pavel, Snowden-Ifft, Daniel, Soares Nunes, Mônica, Sobel, Henry, Soderberg, Mitch, Sokolov, Sergei, Solano Salinas, Carlos, Söldner-Rembold, Stefan, Soleti, Stefano Roberto, Solomey, Nicholas, Solovov, Vladimir, Sondheim, Walter, Sorel, Michel, Sotnikov, Albert, Soto-Oton, Jose, Soto Ugaldi, Fidel Antonio, Sousa, Alexandre, Soustruznik, Karel, Spagliardi, Fabio, Spanu, Maura, Spitz, Joshua, Spooner, N.J. 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Howell, R, Hoyos, J, Hristova, I, Hronek, M S, Huang, J, Hulcher, Z, Iles, G, Ilic, N, Iliescu, A M, Illingworth, R, Ingratta, G, Ioannisian, A, Irwin, B, Isenhower, L, Itay, R, Jackson, C M, Jain, V, James, E, Jang, W, Jargowsky, B, Jediny, F, Jena, D, Jeong, Y S, Jesús-Valls, C, Ji, X, Jiang, L, Jiménez, S, Jipa, A, Johnson, R, Johnson, W, Johnston, N, Jones, B, Jones, S, Judah, M, Jung, C K, Junk, T, Jwa, Y, Kabirnezhad, M, Kaboth, A, Kadenko, I, Kakorin, I, Kalitkina, A, Kalra, D, Kamiya, F, Kaneshige, N, Kaplan, D M, Karagiorgi, G, Karaman, G, Karcher, A, Karolak, M, Karyotakis, Y, Kasai, S, Kasetti, S P, Kashur, L, Kazaryan, N, Kearns, E, Keener, P, Kelly, K J, Kemp, E, Kemularia, O, Ketchum, W, Kettell, S H, Khabibullin, M, Khotjantsev, A, Khvedelidze, A, Kim, D, King, B, Kirby, B, Kirby, M, Klein, J, Klustova, A, Kobilarcik, T, Koehler, K, Koerner, L W, Koh, D H, Kohn, S, Koller, P P, Kolupaeva, L, Korablev, D, Kordosky, M, Kosc, T, Kose, U, Kostelecký, V A, Kothekar, K, 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Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Science & Technology, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Regular Article - Experimental Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 530 Physics, Physics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, FOS: Physical sciences, neutrino detector, dual phase liquid argon TPC, scintillation light, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Physics, Particles & Fields, neutrino, DUNE Collaboration, Physical Sciences, SIMULATION, 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], High Energy Physics, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Engineering (miscellaneous), physics.ins-det, 0206 Quantum Physics
Abstract

Funder: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837, Funder: Xunta de Galicia; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010801, Funder: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003593, Funder: Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004586, Funder: Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004007, Funder: Fundação Amazônia Paraense de Amparo à Pesquisa; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005288, Funder: Junta de Andalucia-FEDER, Funder: Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002790, Funder: “la Caixa” Foundation; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010434, Funder: Canada Foundation for Innovation; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000196, Funder: UK Research and Innovation; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100014013, Funder: Royal Society; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000288, Funder: IPP, Funder: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004794, Funder: CEA, Funder: National Science Foundation; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001, Funder: Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004410, Funder: MSMT, Funder: CERN; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100012470, Funder: Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001711, Funder: Comunidad de Madrid; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100012818, Funder: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiá s; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005285, Funder: FCT, Funder: National Research Foundation; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001321, Funder: U.S. Department of Energy; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000015, Funder: Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100018694, Funder: Science and Technology Facilities Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000271, Funder: European Regional Development Fund; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008530, DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6 × 6 × 6 m 3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7 m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties.

Published
2022
Full Text
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18. Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Near Detector Conceptual Design Report

Author

Hewes, V., Abed Abud, Adam, Abi, Babak, Acciarri, Roberto, Acero, Mario, Adamov, Giorge, Adams, David, Adinolfi, Marco, Aduszkiewicz, Antoni, Ahmad, Zubayer, Ahmed, Jhanzeb, Alion, Tyler, Alonso Monsalve, Saul, Alrashed, Munerah, Alt, Christoph, Alton, Andrew, Amedo, Pablo, Anderson, John, Andreopoulos, Costas, Andrews, Michael P, Andrianala, Fenompanirina, Andringa, Sofia, Anfimov, Nikolay, Ankowski, Artur, Antonova, Maria, Antusch, Stefan, Aranda-Fernandez, Alfredo, Ariga, Akitaka, Arnold, Lukas, Arroyave, Manuel, Asaadi, Jonathan, Aurisano, Adam, Aushev, Vladimir, Autiero, Dario, Ayala-Torres, Marco Alberto, Azfar, Farrukh, Back, A., Back, Henning, Back, John, Backhouse, Chris, Baesso, Paolo, Bagaturia, Iuri, Bagby, Linda, Balasubramanian, Supraja, Baldi, Pierre, Baller, Bruce, Bambah, Bindu, Barao, Fernando, Barenboim, Gabriela, Barker, Gary J, Barkhouse, Wayne, Barnes, Christopher, Barr, Giles, Barranco Monarca, Juan, Barros, Nuno, Barrow, Joshua, Basharina-Freshville, Anastasia, Bashyal, Amit, Basque, Vincent, Batista das Chagas, Ewerton, Belchior, E., Battat, J.B. R., Battisti, Federico, Bay, Fatih, Bazo Alba, José Luis, Beacom, John, Bechetoille, Edouard, Behera, Biswaranjan, Bellantoni, Leo, Bellettini, Giorgio, Bellini, Vincenzo, Beltramello, Olga, Belver, Daniel, Benekos, Nektarios, Bento Neves, Francisco, Berkman, Sophie, Bernardini, Paolo, Berner, Roman, Berns, Hans-Gerd, Bertolucci, Sergio, Betancourt, Minerba, Betancur Rodríguez, Amalia, Bhattacharjee, Maharnab, Bhuller, Shyam, Bhuyan, Bipul, Biagi, Simone, Bian, Jianming, Biassoni, Matteo, Biery, Kurt, Bilki, Burak, Bishai, Mary, Bitadze, Alexander, Blake, Andrew, Blaszczyk, Flor de Maria, Blazey, Gerald C, Blucher, Edward, Boissevain, Jan, Bolognesi, Sara, Bolton, Timothy, Bomben, Luca, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bonini, Filiberto, Booth, Alexander, Booth, Chris, Bordoni, Stefania, Borkum, Aran, Boschi, Tommaso, Bostan, Nilay, Bour, Petr, Bourgeois, Christian, Boyd, Steve B, Boyden, Daniel, Bracinik, Juraj, Braga, Davide, Brailsford, Dominic, Brandt, Andrew, Bremer, Johan, Brew, Christopher, Brianne, Eldwan, Brice, Stephen, Brizzolari, Claudia, Bromberg, Carl, Brooijmans, Gustaaf, Brooke, Jim, Bross, Alan, Brunetti, Giulia, Brunetti, Maria, Buchanan, Norman, Budd, Howard, Cagnoli, I., Caiulo, Davide, Calafiura, Paolo, Calcutt, Jacob, Calin, Marius, Calvez, Steven, Calvo, Enrique, Caminata, Alessio, Campanelli, Mario, Cankocak, Kerem, Caratelli, David, Carini, Gabriella, Carlus, Bruno, Carniti, Paolo, Caro Terrazas, Ivan, Carranza, Hector, Carroll, Thomas, Castaño Forero, Javier, Castillo, Andrés, Castromonte, Cesar, Catano-Mur, Erika, Cattadori, Carla, Cavalier, Fabien, Cavanna, Flavio, Centro, Sandro, Cerati, Giuseppe, Cervelli, Alberto, Cervera Villanueva, Anselmo, Chalifour, Michel, Chappell, Andrew, Chardonnet, Etienne, Charitonidis, Nikolas, Chatterjee, Animesh, Chattopadhyay, Subhasish, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Mu-Chun, Chen, Yifan, Chen, Zheyang, Cherdack, Daniel, Chi, Cheng-Yi, Childress, Sam, Chiriacescu, Ana, Chisnall, Georgia, Cho, Kihyeon, Choate, Sarah, Chokheli, David, Choubey, Sandhya, Christensen, Anne, Christian, David, Christodoulou, Georgios, Chukanov, Artem, Church, Eric, Cicero, V., Clarke, Peter, Coan, Thomas, Cocco, Alfredo, Coelho, J.A. 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Hennessy, Karol, Henry, Sarah, Hernandez Morquecho, Miguel Angel, Herner, Kenneth, Hertel, Lars, Hewes, Jeremy, Higuera Pichardo, Aaron, Hill, Tony, Hillier, Stephen, Himmel, Alexander, Hoff, James, Hohl, Christian, Holin, Anna, Hoppe, Eric, Horton-Smith, Glenn, Hostert, Matheus, Hourlier, Adrien, Howard, Bruce, Howell, Ryan, Huang, Junting, Huang, Junying, Hugon, Justin, Iles, Gregory, Ilic, Nikolina, Iliescu, Antoniu, Illingworth, Robert, Ingratta, G., Ioannisian, Ara, Isenhower, Larry, Itay, Ran, Izmaylov, Alexander, Jackson, Saskia, Jain, Vivek, James, Eric, Jargowsky, Benjamin, Jediny, Filip, Jena, Deepika, Jeong, Yu Seon, Jesús-Valls, César, Ji, Xiangpan, Jiang, Libo, Jiménez, Sergio, Jipa, Alexandru, Johnson, Randy, Johnston, N., Jones, Benjamin, Jones, Sebastian, Judah, Matthew, Jung, Chang Kee, Junk, Thomas, Jwa, Yeon-jae, Kabirnezhad, Monireh, Kaboth, Asher, Kadenko, I., Kakorin, Igor, Kamiya, Felipe, Kaneshige, Nathaniel, Karagiorgi, Georgia, Karaman, Gurkan, Karcher, Armin, Karolak, Mark, Karyotakis, Yannis, Kasai, Seiji, Kasetti, Siva, Kashur, Lane, Kazaryan, Narine, Kearns, Edward, Keener, Paul, Kelly, Kevin, Kemp, Ernesto, Kemularia, O., Ketchum, Wes, Kettell, Steve, Khabibullin, Marat, Khotjantsev, Alexei, Khvedelidze, Arsen, Kim, Doojin, King, Bonnie, Kirby, Brian, Kirby, Mike, Klein, Joshua, Koehler, Kevin, Koerner, Lisa, Kohn, Sam, Koller, Patrick, Kolupaeva, Liudmila, Kordosky, Mike, Kosc, Thomas, Kose, Umut, Kostelecky, V Alan, Kothekar, Kunal, Krennrich, Frank, Kreslo, Igor, Kudenko, Yury, Kudryavtsev, Vitaly A, Kulagin, Sergey, Kumar, Jason, Kumar, Praveen, Kumar, R., Kunze, Pablo, Kurita, Nadine, Kuruppu, Chatura, Kus, Vaclav, Kutter, Thomas, Lambert, Andrew, Land, Benjamin, Lande, Kenneth, Lane, Charles, Lang, Karol, Langford, Thomas, Larkin, Jacob, Lasorak, Pierre, Last, David, Lastoria, Chiara, Laundrie, Andy, Laurenti, G., Lawrence, Andrew, Lazanu, Ionel, LaZur, Ryan, Le, Trung, Leardini, Sara, Learned, John, LeBrun, Patrice, LeCompte, Thomas, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lehnert, Ralf, de Oliveira, M.A. Leigui, Leitner, Matthaeus, Li, Lingge, Li, Shirley W, Li, Teng, Li, Yichen, Liao, Heng-Ye, Lin, Cheng-Ju Stephen, Lin, Qing, Lin, Shih-Kai, Lister, Adam, Littlejohn, Bryce, Liu, Junze, Lockwitz, Sarah, Loew, Timothy, Lokajicek, Milos, Lomidze, Irakli, Long, Ken, Loo, Kai, Lorca, David, Lord, Tom, LoSecco, John M, Louis, William, Lu, Xianguo, Luk, Kam-Biu, Luo, Xiao, Lurkin, Nicolas, Lux, Thorsten, Luzio, Vitor, MacFarlane, David, Machado, Ana Amelia, Machado, Pedro, Macias, Christopher Thomas, Macier, Jolie R, Maddalena, Antonello, Madera, Alfonso, Madigan, Peter, Magill, Steve, Mahn, Kendall, Maio, Amélia, Major, Adryanna, Maloney, James, Mandrioli, Gianni, Mandujano, Roberto, Maneira, José, Manenti, Laura, Manly, Steve, Mann, Anthony, Manolopoulos, Konstantinos, Manrique Plata, Maria, Manyam, Venkata, Manzanillas, Luis, Marchan, Miquel, Marchionni, Alberto, Marciano, William, Marfatia, Danny, Mariani, Camillo, Maricic, Jelena, Marie, Rodolphe, Marinho, Franciole, Marino, Alysia, Marsden, David, Marshak, Marvin, Marshall, Chris, Marshall, John, Marteau, Jacques, Martin-Albo, Justo, Martinez, Norman, Martinez Caicedo, David, Martynenko, Sergey, Mason, Katie, Mastbaum, Andrew, Masud, Mehedi, Matsuno, Shigenobu, Matthews, James, Mauger, Christopher, Mauri, Nicoletta, Mavrokoridis, Konstantinos, Mawby, Isobel, Mazza, Roberto, Mazzacane, Anna, Mazzucato, Edoardo, McAskill, Tracy, McCluskey, Elaine, McConkey, Nicola, McFarland, Kevin, McGrew, Clark, McNab, Andrew, Mefodiev, Alexander, Mehta, Poonam, Melas, Pantelis, Mena, Olga, Menary, Scott, Mendez, Hector, Méndez, Diana, Menegolli, A., Meng, Guang, Messier, Mark, Metcalf, William, Mettler, Thomas, Mewes, Matthew, Meyer, Holger, Miao, Ting, Michna, Gregory, Miedema, Thijs, Migenda, Jost, Mikola, Veera, Milincic, Radovan, Miller, William, Mills, Joshua, Milne, Cody, Mineev, Oleg, Miranda, Omar, Miryala, Sandeep, Mishra, C Shekhar, Mishra, Sanjib R, Mislivec, Aaron, Mladenov, Dimitar, Mocioiu, Irina, Moffat, Kristian, Moggi, Niccolo, Mohanta, Rukmani, Mohayai, Tanaz, Mokhov, Nikolai, Molina, Jorge, Molina Bueno, Laura, Montanari, Alessandro, Montanari, Claudio, Montanari, David, Montagna, E., Montano Zetina, Luis, Moon, Jarrett, Mooney, Michael, Moor, Alexandra, Moreno, Deywis, Morris, Casandra, Mossey, Chris, Motuk, Erdem, Moura, Célio, Mousseau, Joel, Mu, Wei, Mualem, Leon, Mueller, Justin, Muether, Mathew, Mufson, Stuart, Muheim, Franz, Muir, Alan, Mulhearn, Mike, Munford, Donnie, Muramatsu, Hajime, Murphy, Sebastien, Musser, Jim, Nachtman, Jane, Nagu, Srishti, Nalbandyan, Mikayel, Nandakumar, Raja, Naples, Donna, Narita, Shinya, Navas-Nicolás, Diana, Navrer-Agasson, Anyssa, Nayak, Nitish, Nebot-Guinot, Miquel, Negishi, Kentaro, Nelson, Jeff, Nesbit, Jake, Nessi, Marzio, Newbold, David, Newcomer, Mitch, Newhart, Duane, Newton, Hannah, Niccolo, M., Nichol, Ryan, Nicolas-Arnaldos, Francisco, Nicoletta, M., Niner, Evan, Nishimura, Kurtis, Norman, Andrew, Norrick, Anne, Northrop, Rich, Novella, Pau, Nowak, Jaroslaw, Oberling, Michael, Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro, Olivares Del Campo, Andres, Olivier, Andrew, Olshevskiy, Alexander, Onel, Yasar, Onishchuk, Yuriy, Ott, Jordan, Pagani, Luca, Pakvasa, Sandip, Palacio, Guillermo, Palamara, Ornella, Palestini, Sandro, Paley, Jonathan, Pallavicini, Marco, Palomares, Carmen, Palomino-Gallo, Jose, Pantic, Emilija, Paolone, Vittorio, Papadimitriou, Vaia, Papaleo, Riccardo, Papanestis, Antonis, Paramesvaran, Sudarshan, Parke, Stephen, Parsa, Zohreh, Parvu, Mihaela, Pascoli, Silvia, Pasqualini, Laura, Pasternak, Jaroslaw, Pater, Joleen, Patrick, Cheryl, Patrizii, Laura, Patterson, Ryan, Patton, Simon John, Patzak, Thomas, Paudel, Ajib, Paulos, Bob, Paulucci, Laura, Pavlovic, Zarko, Pawloski, Greg, Payne, David, Pec, Viktor, Peeters, S.J. M., Pennacchio, Elisabetta, Penzo, Aldo, Peres, Orlando, Perry, James, Pershey, Daniel, Pessina, Gianluigi, Petrillo, Gianluca, Petta, Catia, Petti, Roberto, Piastra, Francesco, Pickering, Luke, Pietropaolo, Francesco, Plunkett, Robert, Poling, Ronald, Pons, Xavier, Poonthottathil, Navaneeth, Poppi, F., Pordes, Stephen, Porter, Joshua, Potekhin, Maxim, Potenza, Renato, Potukuchi, B.V. K.S., Pozimski, Juergen, Pozzato, Michele, Prakash, Suprabh, Prakash, Tarun, Prince, Sebastien, Pugnere, Denis, Qian, Xin, Queiroga Bazetto, Maria Cecilia, Raaf, Jennifer L, Radeka, Veljko, Rademacker, Jonas, Radics, Balint, Rafique, Aleena, Raguzin, Eric, Rai, Mousam, Rajaoalisoa, Miriama, Rakhno, Igor, Rakotonandrasana, Andrianjafy Michaël, Rakotondravohitra, Laza, Ramachers, Yorck A, Rameika, Regina, Ramirez Delgado, Manuel Alejandro, Ramson, Bryan, Rappoldi, A., Raselli, GL, Ratoff, Peter, Raut, Sanil, Razakamiandra, Rado Fanantenana, Real, Jean-Sebastien, Rebel, Brian, Reggiani-Guzzo, Marina, Rehak, Tyler, Reichenbacher, Juergen, Reitzner, S.D., Rejeb Sfar, Haifa, Renshaw, Andrew, Rescia, Sergio, Resnati, Filippo, Reynolds, Aidan, Riccio, Ciro, Riccobene, Giorgio, Rice, L.C. J., Ricol, Jean-Stephane, Rigamonti, Alberto, Rigaut, Yann-Axel, Rivera, David, Rochester, Leon, Roda, Marco, Rodrigues, Philip, Rodriguez Alonso, Manuel, Rodriguez Bonilla, Engelver, Rodriguez Rondon, Jairo, Rosauro-Alcaraz, Salvador, Rosenberg, Matt, Rosier, Philippe, Roskovec, Bedrich, Rossella, Massimo, Rout, Jogesh, Roy, Palash, Roy, Samiran, Rubbia, Andre, Rubbia, Carlo, Rubio, Francisco, Russell, Brooke, Ruterbories, Daniel, Saakyan, Ruben, Sacerdoti, Sabrina, Safford, Twymun, Sahay, Rahul, Sahu, Narendra, Sala, Paola, Samios, Nicholas, Samoylov, Oleg, Sanchez, Mayly, Sanders, David, Sankey, David, Santana, Samuel, Santos-Maldonado, Marvin, Saoulidou, Niki, Sapienza, Piera, Sarasty, Carlos, Sarcevic, Ina, Savage, Geoffrey, Savinov, Vladimir, Scaramelli, Alberto, Scarff, Andrew, Scarpelli, Andrea, Schaffer, Tom, Schellman, Heidi, Schlabach, Philip, Schmitz, David, Scholberg, Kate, Schukraft, Anne, Segreto, Ettore, Sensenig, Jon, Seong, Ilsoo, Sergi, Antonino, Sgalaberna, Davide, Shaevitz, Michael H, Shafaq, Sheeba, Shamma, Michael, Sharankova, Ralitsa, Sharma, Hans, Sharma, Rahul, Sharma, Rajeev, Shaw, Terri, Shepherd-Themistocleous, Claire, Shin, Seodong, Shooltz, Dean, Shrock, Robert, Simard, Laurent, Singh, Jaydip, Singh, Jyotsna, Simon, F., Simos, Nikolaos, Sinclair, James, Sinev, Gleb, Singh, Venktesh, Sipos, Roland, Sippach, F.W., Sirri, Gabriele, Sitraka, Andriaseta, Siyeon, Kim, Skarpaas VIII, Knut, Smith, Andrew, Smith, Erica, Smith, Paul, Smolik, Jan, Smy, Michael, Snider, E.L., Snopok, Pavel, Soares Nunes, Mônica, Sobel, Henry, Soderberg, Mitch, Solano Salinas, Carlos, Söldner-Rembold, Stefan, Soleti, S., Solomey, Nicholas, Solovov, Vladimir, Sondheim, Walter, Sorel, Michel, Soto-Oton, Jose, Sousa, Alexandre, Soustruznik, Karel, Spagliardi, Fabio, Spanu, Maura, Spitz, Joshua, Spooner, N.J. C., Spurgeon, Kyle, Staley, Richard, Stancari, Michelle, Stanco, Luca, Stanley, Rose, Stein, Raul, Steiner, Herbert M, Stewart, James, Stillwell, Ben, Stock, Jason, Stocker, Francesca, Stokes, Tyler, Strait, Matthew, Strauss, Thomas, Striganov, Sergei, Stuart, Alexander, Suarez, Juan, Sullivan, Hunter, Summers, Don, Surdo, Antonio, Susic, Vasja, Suter, Louise, Sutera, Concetta Maria, Svoboda, Robert, Szczerbinska, Barbara, Szelc, Andrzej, Talaga, Richard, Tanaka, Hirohisa, Tapia Oregui, Beatriz, Tapper, Alexander, Tariq, Salman, Tatar, E., Tayloe, Rex, Teklu, Abraham Meles, Tenti, Matteo, Terao, Kazuhiro, Ternes, Christoph, Terranova, Francesco, Testera, Gemma, Thea, Alessandro, Thompson, Joshua, Thorn, Craig, Timm, Steven C, Todd, Jacob, Tonazzo, Alessandra, Torbunov, Dmitri, Torti, Marta, Tortola, Mariam, Tortorici, Francesco, Totani, Dante, Toups, Matthew, Touramanis, Christos, Tosi, N., Travaglini, R., Trevor, Jason, Trilov, Stoyan, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tsai, Yun-Tse, Tsamalaidze, Zviadi, Tsang, Ka Vang, Tsverava, Nikolozi, Tufanli, Serhan, Tull, Craig, Tyley, E., Tzanov, Martin, Uchida, Melissa, Urheim, Jon, Usher, Tracy, Uzunyan, Sergey, Vagins, Mark, Vahle, Patricia, Valdiviesso, Gustavo, Valencia, Edgar, Valerio, P., Vallari, Zoya, Valle, J.W. 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S., Jesus-Valls, C., Ji, X., Jiang, L., Jimenez, S., Jipa, A., Johnson, R., Johnston, N., Jones, B., Jones, S. B., Judah, M., Jung, C. K., Junk, T., Jwa, Y., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A., Kadenko, I., Kakorin, I., Kamiya, F., Kaneshige, N., Karagiorgi, G., Karaman, G., Karcher, A., Karolak, M., Karyotakis, Y., Kasai, S., Kasetti, S. P., Kashur, L., Kazaryan, N., Kearns, E., Keener, P., Kelly, K. J., Kemp, E., Kemularia, O., Ketchum, W., Kettell, S. H., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Khvedelidze, A., Kim, D., King, B., Kirby, B., Kirby, M., Klein, J., Koehler, K., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Koller, P. P., Kolupaeva, L., Kordosky, M., Kosc, T., Kose, U., Kostelecky, V. A., Kothekar, K., Krennrich, F., Kreslo, I., Kudenko, Y., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kulagin, S., Kumar, J., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kunze, P., Kurita, N., Kuruppu, C., Kus, V., Kutter, T., Lambert, A., Land, B., Lande, K., Lane, C. E., Lang, K., Langford, T., Larkin, J., Lasorak, P., Last, D., Lastoria, C., Laundrie, A., Laurenti, G., Lawrence, A., Lazanu, I., Lazur, R., Le, T., Leardini, S., Learned, J., Lebrun, P., Lecompte, T., Lehmann Miotto, G., Lehnert, R., Leigui De Oliveira, M. A., Leitner, M., Li, L., Li, S. W., Li, T., Li, Y., Liao, H., Lin, C. S., Lin, Q., Lin, S., Lister, A., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J., Lockwitz, S., Loew, T., Lokajicek, M., Lomidze, I., Long, K., Loo, K., Lorca, D., Lord, T., Losecco, J. M., Louis, W. C., Lu, X. -G., Luk, K. B., Luo, X., Lurkin, N., Lux, T., Luzio, V. P., Macfarlane, D., Machado, A. A., Machado, P., Macias, C. T., Macier, J. R., Maddalena, A., Madera, A., Madigan, P., Magill, S., Mahn, K., Maio, A., Major, A., Maloney, J. A., Mandrioli, G., Mandujano, R. C., Maneira, J., Manenti, L., Manly, S., Mann, A., Manolopoulos, K., Manrique Plata, M., Manyam, V. N., Manzanillas, L., Marchan, M., Marchionni, A., Marciano, W., Marfatia, D., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marie, R., Marinho, F., Marino, A. D., Marsden, D., Marshak, M., Marshall, C. M., Marshall, J., Marteau, J., Martin-Albo, J., Martinez, N., Martinez Caicedo, D. A., Martynenko, S., Mason, K., Mastbaum, A., Masud, M., Matsuno, S., Matthews, J., Mauger, C., Mauri, N., Mavrokoridis, K., Mawby, I., Mazza, R., Mazzacane, A., Mazzucato, E., Mcaskill, T., Mccluskey, E., Mcconkey, N., Mcfarland, K. S., Mcgrew, C., Mcnab, A., Mefodiev, A., Mehta, P., Melas, P., Mena, O., Menary, S., Mendez, H., Mendez, D. P., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Messier, M. D., Metcalf, W., Mettler, T., Mewes, M., Meyer, H., Miao, T., Michna, G., Miedema, T., Migenda, J., Mikola, V., Milincic, R., Miller, W., Mills, J., Milne, C., Mineev, O., Miranda, O. G., Miryala, S., Mishra, C. S., Mishra, S. R., Mislivec, A., Mladenov, D., Mocioiu, I., Moffat, K., Moggi, N., Mohanta, R., Mohayai, T. A., Mokhov, N., Molina, J., Molina Bueno, L., Montanari, A., Montanari, C., Montanari, D., Montagna, E., Montano Zetina, L. M., Moon, J., Mooney, M., Moor, A. F., Moreno, D., Morris, C., Mossey, C., Motuk, E., Moura, C. A., Mousseau, J., Mu, W., Mualem, L., Mueller, J., Muether, M., Mufson, S., Muheim, F., Muir, A., Mulhearn, M., Munford, D., Muramatsu, H., Murphy, S., Musser, J., Nachtman, J., Nagu, S., Nalbandyan, M., Nandakumar, R., Naples, D., Narita, S., Navas-Nicolas, D., Navrer-Agasson, A., Nayak, N., Nebot-Guinot, M., Negishi, K., Nelson, J. K., Nesbit, J., Nessi, M., Newbold, D., Newcomer, M., Newhart, D., Newton, H., Niccolo, M., Nichol, R., Nicolas-Arnaldos, F., Nicoletta, M., Niner, E., Nishimura, K., Norman, A., Norrick, A., Northrop, R., Novella, P., Nowak, J. A., Oberling, M., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olivares Del Campo, A., Olivier, A., Olshevskiy, A., Onel, Y., Onishchuk, Y., Ott, J., Pagani, L., Pakvasa, S., Palacio, G., Palamara, O., Palestini, S., Paley, J. M., Pallavicini, M., Palomares, C., Palomino-Gallo, J. L., Pantic, E., Paolone, V., Papadimitriou, V., Papaleo, R., Papanestis, A., Paramesvaran, S., Parke, S., Parsa, Z., Parvu, M., Pascoli, S., Pasqualini, L., Pasternak, J., Pater, J., Patrick, C., Patrizii, L., Patterson, R. B., Patton, S. J., Patzak, T., Paudel, A., Paulos, B., Paulucci, L., Pavlovic, Z., Pawloski, G., Payne, D., Pec, V., Peeters, S. J. M., Pennacchio, E., Penzo, A., Peres, O. L. G., Perry, J., Pershey, D., Pessina, G., Petrillo, G., Petta, C., Petti, R., Piastra, F., Pickering, L., Pietropaolo, F., Plunkett, R., Poling, R., Pons, X., Poonthottathil, N., Poppi, F., Pordes, S., Porter, J., Potekhin, M., Potenza, R., Potukuchi, B. V. K. S., Pozimski, J., Pozzato, M., Prakash, S., Prakash, T., Prince, S., Pugnere, D., Qian, X., Queiroga Bazetto, M. C., Raaf, J. 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Mandrioli G., Mandujano R.C., Maneira J., Manenti L., Manly S., Mann A., Manolopoulos K., Manrique Plata M., Manyam V.N., Manzanillas L., Marchan M., Marchionni A., Marciano W., Marfatia D., Mariani C., Maricic J., Marie R., Marinho F., Marino A.D., Marsden D., Marshak M., Marshall C.M., Marshall J., Marteau J., Martin-Albo J., Martinez N., Martinez Caicedo D.A., Martynenko S., Mason K., Mastbaum A., Masud M., Matsuno S., Matthews J., Mauger C., Mauri N., Mavrokoridis K., Mawby I., Mazza R., Mazzacane A., Mazzucato E., McAskill T., McCluskey E., McConkey N., McFarland K.S., McGrew C., McNab A., Mefodiev A., Mehta P., Melas P., Mena O., Menary S., Mendez H., Mendez D.P., Menegolli A., Meng G., Messier M.D., Metcalf W., Mettler T., Mewes M., Meyer H., Miao T., Michna G., Miedema T., Migenda J., Mikola V., Milincic R., Miller W., Mills J., Milne C., Mineev O., Miranda O.G., Miryala S., Mishra C.S., Mishra S.R., Mislivec A., Mladenov D., Mocioiu I., Moffat K., Moggi N., Mohanta R., Mohayai T.A., Mokhov N., Molina J., Molina Bueno L., Montanari A., Montanari C., Montanari D., Montagna E., Montano Zetina L.M., Moon J., Mooney M., Moor A.F., Moreno D., Morris C., Mossey C., Motuk E., Moura C.A., Mousseau J., Mu W., Mualem L., Mueller J., Muether M., Mufson S., Muheim F., Muir A., Mulhearn M., Munford D., Muramatsu H., Murphy S., Musser J., Nachtman J., Nagu S., Nalbandyan M., Nandakumar R., Naples D., Narita S., Navas-Nicolas D., Navrer-Agasson A., Nayak N., Nebot-Guinot M., Negishi K., Nelson J.K., Nesbit J., Nessi M., Newbold D., Newcomer M., Newhart D., Newton H., Niccolo M., Nichol R., Nicolas-Arnaldos F., Nicoletta M., Niner E., Nishimura K., Norman A., Norrick A., Northrop R., Novella P., Nowak J.A., Oberling M., Ochoa-Ricoux J.P., Olivares Del Campo A., Olivier A., Olshevskiy A., Onel Y., Onishchuk Y., Ott J., Pagani L., Pakvasa S., Palacio G., Palamara O., Palestini S., Paley J.M., Pallavicini M., Palomares C., Palomino-Gallo J.L., Pantic E., Paolone V., Papadimitriou V., Papaleo R., Papanestis A., Paramesvaran S., Parke S., Parsa Z., Parvu M., Pascoli S., Pasqualini L., Pasternak J., Pater J., Patrick C., Patrizii L., Patterson R.B., Patton S.J., Patzak T., Paudel A., Paulos B., Paulucci L., Pavlovic Z., Pawloski G., Payne D., Pec V., Peeters S.J.M., Pennacchio E., Penzo A., Peres O.L.G., Perry J., Pershey D., Pessina G., Petrillo G., Petta C., Petti R., Piastra F., Pickering L., Pietropaolo F., Plunkett R., Poling R., Pons X., Poonthottathil N., Poppi F., Pordes S., Porter J., Potekhin M., Potenza R., Potukuchi B.V.K.S., Pozimski J., Pozzato M., Prakash S., Prakash T., Prince S., Pugnere D., Qian X., Queiroga Bazetto M.C., Raaf J.L., Radeka V., Rademacker J., Radics B., Rafique A., Raguzin E., Rai M., Rajaoalisoa M., Rakhno I., Rakotonandrasana A., Rakotondravohitra L., Ramachers Y.A., Rameika R., Ramirez Delgado M.A., Ramson B., Rappoldi A., Raselli G., Ratoff P., Raut S., Razakamiandra R.F., Real J.S., Rebel B., Reggiani-Guzzo M., Rehak T., Reichenbacher J., Reitzner S.D., Rejeb Sfar H., Renshaw A., Rescia S., Resnati F., Reynolds A., Riccio C., Riccobene G., Rice L.C.J., Ricol J., Rigamonti A., Rigaut Y., Rivera D., Rochester L., Roda M., Rodrigues P., Rodriguez Alonso M.J., Rodriguez Bonilla E., Rodriguez Rondon J., Rosauro-Alcaraz S., Rosenberg M., Rosier P., Roskovec B., Rossella M., Rout J., Roy P., Roy S., Rubbia A., Rubbia C., Rubio F.C., Russell B., Ruterbories D., Saakyan R., Sacerdoti S., Safford T., Sahay R., Sahu N., Sala P., Samios N., Samoylov O., Sanchez M.C., Sanders D.A., Sankey D., Santana S., Santos-Maldonado M., Saoulidou N., Sapienza P., Sarasty C., Sarcevic I., Savage G., Savinov V., Scaramelli A., Scarff A., Scarpelli A., Schaffer T., Schellman H., Schlabach P., Schmitz D., Scholberg K., Schukraft A., Segreto E., Sensenig J., Seong I., Sergi A., Sgalaberna D., Shaevitz M.H., Shafaq S., Shamma M., Sharankova R., Sharma H.R., Sharma R., Shaw T., Shepherd-Themistocleous C., Shin S., Shooltz D., Shrock R., Simard L., Simon F., Simos N., Sinclair J., Sinev G., Singh J., Singh V., Sipos R., Sippach F.W., Sirri G., Sitraka A., Siyeon K., Skarpaas K., Smith A., Smith E., Smith P., Smolik J., Smy M., Snider E.L., Snopok P., Soares Nunes M., Sobel H., Soderberg M., Solano Salinas C.J., Soldner-Rembold S., Soleti S., Solomey N., Solovov V., Sondheim W.E., Sorel M., Soto-Oton J., Sousa A., Soustruznik K., Spagliardi F., Spanu M., Spitz J., Spooner N.J.C., Spurgeon K., Staley R., Stancari M., Stanco L., Stanley R., Stein R., Steiner H.M., Stewart J., Stillwell B., Stock J., Stocker F., Stokes T., Strait M., Strauss T., Striganov S., Stuart A., Suarez J.G., Sullivan H., Summers D., Surdo A., Susic V., Suter L., Sutera C.M., Svoboda R., Szczerbinska B., Szelc A.M., Talaga R., Tanaka H.A., Oregui B.T., Tapper A., Tariq S., Tatar E., Tayloe R., Teklu A.M., Tenti M., Terao K., Ternes C.A., Terranova F., Testera G., Thea A., Thompson J.L., Thorn C., Timm S.C., Todd J., Tonazzo A., Torbunov D., Torti M., Tortola M., Tortorici F., Totani D., Toups M., Touramanis C., Tosi N., Travaglini R., Trevor J., Trilov S., Trzaska W.H., Tsai Y.T., Tsamalaidze Z., Tsang K.V., Tsverava N., Tufanli S., Tull C., Tyley E., Tzanov M., Uchida M.A., Urheim J., Usher T., Uzunyan S., Vagins M.R., Vahle P., Valdiviesso G.A., Valencia E., Valerio P., Vallari Z., Valle J.W.F., Vallecorsa S., Van Berg R., Van De Water R.G., Varanini F., Vargas D., Varner G., Vasel J., Vasina S., Vasseur G., Vaughan N., Vaziri K., Ventura S., Verdugo A., Vergani S., Vermeulen M.A., Verzocchi M., Vicenzi M., Vieira De Souza H., Vignoli C., Vilela C., Viren B., Vrba T., Wachala T., Waldron A.V., Wallbank M., Wang H., Wang J., Wang L., Wang M.H.L.S., Wang Y., Warburton K., Warner D., Wascko M., Waters D., Watson A., Weatherly P., Weber A., Weber M., Wei H., Weinstein A., Wenman D., Wetstein M., White A., Whitehead L.H., Whittington D., Wilking M.J., Wilkinson C., Williams Z., Wilson F., Wilson R.J., Wolcott J., Wongjirad T., Wood A., Wood K., Worcester E., Worcester M., Wret C., Wu W., Xiao Y., Yandel E., Yang G., Yang K., Yang S., Yang T., Yankelevich A., Yershov N., Yonehara K., Young T., Yu B., Yu H., Yu J., Yuan W., Zaki R., Zalesak J., Zambelli L., Zamorano B., Zani A., Zazueta L., Zeit G., Zeller G.P., Zennamo J., Zeug K., Zhang C., Zhao M., Zhivun E., Zhu G., Zilberman P., Zimmerman E.D., Zito M., Zucchelli S., Zuklin J., Zutshi V., Zwaska R., Zeller, Geralyn, Collaboration, DUNE, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS 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Kulagin, S, Kumar, J, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kunze, P, Kurita, N, Kuruppu, C, Kus, V, Kutter, T, Lambert, A, Land, B, Lande, K, Lane, C, Lang, K, Langford, T, Larkin, J, Lasorak, P, Last, D, Lastoria, C, Laundrie, A, Laurenti, G, Lawrence, A, Lazanu, I, Lazur, R, Le, T, Leardini, S, Learned, J, Lebrun, P, Lecompte, T, Lehmann Miotto, G, Lehnert, R, Leigui De Oliveira, M, Leitner, M, Li, L, Li, S, Li, T, Li, Y, Liao, H, Lin, C, Lin, Q, Lin, S, Lister, A, Littlejohn, B, Liu, J, Lockwitz, S, Loew, T, Lokajicek, M, Lomidze, I, Long, K, Loo, K, Lorca, D, Lord, T, Losecco, J, Louis, W, Lu, X, Luk, K, Luo, X, Lurkin, N, Lux, T, Luzio, V, Macfarlane, D, Machado, A, Machado, P, Macias, C, Macier, J, Maddalena, A, Madera, A, Madigan, P, Magill, S, Mahn, K, Maio, A, Major, A, Maloney, J, Mandrioli, G, Mandujano, R, Maneira, J, Manenti, L, Manly, S, Mann, A, Manolopoulos, K, Manrique Plata, M, Manyam, V, Manzanillas, L, Marchan, M, Marchionni, A, Marciano, W, Marfatia, D, Mariani, C, Maricic, J, 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Zilberman, P, Zimmerman, E, Zito, M, Zucchelli, S, Zuklin, J, Zutshi, V, Zwaska, R, and The DUNE Collaboration

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics beyond the Standard Model, far detector, QC770-798, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, design [detector], Near detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino, Conceptual design, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], antimatter, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, QC, media_common, QB, Physics, new physics, Neutrino oscillations, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), oscillation, Antimatter, beam, Neutrino, Particle Physics - Experiment, performance, Neutrino oscillation, 530 Physics, Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, DUNE, media_common.quotation_subject, QC1-999, FOS: Physical sciences, interaction, near detector, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 0103 physical sciences, supernova, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, detector: design, activity report, neutrino oscillations, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, Astronomy, Universe, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

FERMILAB-PUB-21-067-E-LBNF-PPD-SCD-T This document was prepared by the DUNE collaboration using the resources of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, HEP User Facility. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC (FRA), acting under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. This work was supported by CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPEG and FAPESP, Brazil; CFI, IPP and NSERC, Canada; CERN; MŠMT, Czech Republic; ERDF, H2020-EU and MSCA, European Union; CNRS/IN2P3 and CEA, France; INFN, Italy; FCT, Portugal; NRF, South Korea; CAM, Fundación “La Caixa”, MICINN, GVA, Xunta de Galicia and AEI, Spain; SERI and SNSF, Switzerland; TÜBİTAK, Turkey; The Royal Society and UKRI/STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231., This work was supported by CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPEG and FAPESP, Brazil; CFI, IPP and NSERC, Canada; CERN; MŠMT, Czech Republic; ERDF, H2020-EU and MSCA, European Union; CNRS/IN2P3 and CEA, France; INFN, Italy; FCT, Portugal; NRF, South Korea; CAM, Fundación “La Caixa”, MICINN, GVA, Xunta de Galicia and AEI, Spain; SERI and SNSF, Switzerland; TÜBİTAK, Turkey; The Royal Society and UKRI/STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America., The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international, world-class experiment aimed at exploring fundamental questions about the universe that are at the forefront of astrophysics and particle physics research. DUNE will study questions pertaining to the preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of supernovae, the subtleties of neutrino interaction physics, and a number of beyond the Standard Model topics accessible in a powerful neutrino beam. A critical component of the DUNE physics program involves the study of changes in a powerful beam of neutrinos, i.e., neutrino oscillations, as the neutrinos propagate a long distance. The experiment consists of a near detector, sited close to the source of the beam, and a far detector, sited along the beam at a large distance. This document, the DUNE Near Detector Conceptual Design Report (CDR), describes the design of the DUNE near detector and the science program that drives the design and technology choices. The goals and requirements underlying the design, along with projected performance are given. It serves as a starting point for a more detailed design that will be described in future documents., Fermi Research Alliance, LLC DE-AC02-07CH11359, H2020-EU, TÜBİTAK, National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy DE-AC02-05CH11231, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Atlanta, CERN, UK Research and Innovation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Royal Society, European Commission, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Generalitat Valenciana, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, National Research Foundation of Korea, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, European Regional Development Fund, Xunta de Galicia, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

Published
2021
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20. Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), Far Detector Technical Design Report, Volume I Introduction to DUNE

Author

Abi, Babak, Acciarri, Roberto, Acero, Mario, Adamov, Giorge, Adams, David, Adinolfi, Marco, Ahmad, Zubayer, Ahmed, Jhanzeb, Alion, Tyler, Alonso Monsalve, Saul, Alt, Christoph, Anderson, John, Andreopoulos, Costas, Andrews, Michael P, Andriamirado, Manoa, Andrianala, Fenompanirina, Andringa, Sofia, Ankowski, Artur, Anthony, Jack, Antoniu, Iliescu, Antonova, Maria, Antusch, Stefan, Aranda Fernandez, Alfredo, Ariga, Akitaka, Arnold, Lukas, Arroyave, Manuel, Asaadi, Jonathan, Aurisano, Adam, Aushev, Vladimir, Autiero, Dario, Azfar, Farrukh, Back, Ashley, Back, Henning, Back, John, Backhouse, Chris, Baesso, Paolo, Bagby, Linda, Bajou, Raphael, Balasubramanian, Supraja, Baldi, Pierre, Bambah, Bindu, Barao, Fernando, Barenboim, Gabriela, Barker, Gary J, Barkhouse, Wayne, Barnes, Christopher, Barr, Giles, Barranco Monarca, Juan, Barros, Nuno, Barrow, Joshua, Bashyal, Amit, Basque, Vincent, Bay, Fatih, Bazo Alba, J.L., Beacom, John, Bechetoille, Edouard, Behera, Biswaranjan, Bellantoni, Leo, Bellettini, Giorgio, Bellini, Vincenzo, Beltramello, Olga, Belver, D., Benekos, Nektarios, Bento Neves, Francisco, Berger, Joshua, Berkman, Sophie, Bernardini, Paolo, Berner, Roman, Berns, Hans-Gerd, Bertolucci, Sergio, Betancourt, Minerba, Bezawada, Y., Bhattacharjee, maharnab, Bhuyan, Bipul, Biagi, Simone, Bian, Jianming, Biassoni, Matteo, Biery, Kurt, Bilki, Burak, Bishai, Mary, Bitadze, Alexander, Blake, Andrew, Blanco Siffert, Beatriz, Blaszczyk, Flor de Maria, Blazey, Gerald C, Blucher, Edward, Boissevain, Jan, Bolognesi, Sara, Bolton, Timothy, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bonini, Filiberto, Booth, Alexander, Booth, Chris, Bordoni, Stefania, Borkum, Aran, Boschi, Tommaso, Bostan, Nilay, Bour, Petr, Boyd, Steve B, Boyden, Daniel, Bracinik, Juraj, Braga, Davide, Brailsford, Dominic, Brandt, Andrew, Bremer, Johan, Brew, Chris, Brianne, Eldwan, Brice, Stephen, Brizzolari, Claudia, Bromberg, Carl, Brooijmans, Gustaaf, Brooke, Jim, Bross, Alan, Brunetti, Giulia, Buchanan, Norman, Budd, Howard, Caiulo, Davide, Calafiura, Paolo, Calcutt, Jacob, Calin, Marius, Calvez, Steven, Calvo, Enrique, Camilleri, Leslie, Caminata, Alessio, Campanelli, Mario, Caratelli, David, Carini, Gabriella, Carlus, Bruno, Carniti, Paolo, Caro Terrazas, Ivan, Carranza, Hector, Castillo, Andrés, Castromonte, Cesar, Cattadori, Carla, Cavalier, Fabien, Cavanna, Flavio, Centro, Sandro, Cerati, Giuseppe, Cervelli, Alberto, Cervera Villanueva, Anselmo, Chalifour, Michel, Chang, C., Chardonnet, Etienne, Chatterjee, Animesh, Chattopadhyay, Subhasish, Chaves, Jorge, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Mu-Chun, Chen, Yifan, Cherdack, Daniel, Chi, Cheng-Yi, Childress, Sam, Chiriacescu, Ana, Cho, Kihyeon, Choubey, Sandhya, Christensen, Anne, Christian, David, Christodoulou, Georgios, Church, Eric, Clarke, Peter, Coan, Thomas, Cocco, Alfredo, Coelho, Joao, Conley, Erin, Conrad, Janet M, Convery, Mark, Corwin, Luke, Cotte, Philippe, Cremaldi, Lucien, Cremonesi, Linda, Crespo-Anadón, Jose I, Cristaldo, Esteban, Cross, Ryan, Cuesta, Clara, Cui, Yanou, Cussans, David, Dabrowski, Mieczyslaw, Da Motta, Helio, Peres, L. Da Silva, David, Quentin, Davies, Gavin, Davini, Stefano, Dawson, Jaime, De, Kaushik, de Almeida, Rogerio, Debbins, Paul, De Bonis, Isabelle, Decowski, M Patrick, de Gouvea, Andre, de Holanda, Pedro, de Icaza Astiz, Iker, Deisting, Alexander, De Jong, Paul, Delbart, Alain, Delepine, David, Delgado, Maritza, Dell'Acqua, Andrea, De Lurgio, Patrick, Ewart, Kevin, Grant, Nick, Hernandez Morquecho, Miguel Angel, Hewes, Jeremy, Huang, Junting, Huang, Junying, Leigui de Oliveira, M A, Li, Shaorui, Li, Shirley W, Ramirez Delgado, Manuel Alejandro, Singh, Jaydip, Singh, Jyotsna, Smith, Adryanna, Smith, Andrew, Todd, Jacob, Torres de Mello Neto, Joao, DeMuth, David, Dennis, Steve, Densham, Chris, Gregor Recalde, Derlis, De Roeck, Albert, De Romeri, Valentina, Jan De Vries, Joris, Dharmapalan, Ranjan, Diaz, Felix, Diaz, Jorge S, Di Domizio, Sergio, Di Giulio, Letizia, Ding, Pengfei, Di Noto, Lea, Distefano, Carla, Diurba, Richard, Diwan, Milind, Djurcic, Zelimir, Dokania, Neha, Dolinski, Michelle 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Ben, Stock, Jason, Stocker, Francesca, Stokes, Tyler, Strait, Matthew, Strauss, Thomas, Striganov, Sergei, Stuart, Alexander, Summers, Don, Surdo, Antonio, Susic, Vasja, Suter, Louise, Sutera, Concetta Maria, Svoboda, Robert, Szczerbinska, Barbara, Szelc, Andrzej, Talaga, Richard, Tanaka, Hirohisa, Tapia Oregui, Beatriz, Tapper, Alexander, Tariq, Salman, Tatar, E., Tayloe, Rex, Teklu, Abraham Meles, Tenti, Matteo, Terao, Kazuhiro, Ternes, Christoph, Terranova, Francesco, Testera, Gemma, Thea, Alessandro, Thompson, Joshua, Thorn, Craig, Timm, Steven C, Tonazzo, Alessandra, Torti, Marta, Tortola, Mariam, Tortorici, Francesco, Totani, Dante, Toups, Matthew, Touramanis, Christos, Trevor, Jason, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tsai, Yun-Tse, Tsamalaidze, Zviadi, Tsang, Ka Vang, Tsverava, Nikolozi, Tufanli, Serhan, Tull, Craig, Tyley, E., Tzanov, Martin, Uchida, Melissa, Urheim, Jon, Usher, Tracy, Vagins, Mark R, Vahle, Patricia, Valdiviesso, Gustavo, Valencia, E., Vallari, Zoya, Valle, Jose, 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Yang, Tingjun, Yershov, Nikolai, Yonehara, Katsuya, Young, Tim, Yu, Bo, Yu, Jae, Zalesak, Jaroslav, Zambelli, Laura, Zamorano, Bruno, Zani, Andrea, Zazueta, Luis, Zeller, G.P., Zennamo, Joseph, Zeug, Kyle, Zhang, Chao, Zhao, Manhong, Zhivun, Elena, Zhu, Guanying, Zimmerman, Eric, Zito, Marco, Zucchelli, Stefano, Zuklin, Josef, Zutshi, Vishnu, Zwaska, Robert, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), DUNE, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
detector: technology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, hep-ex, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, far detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), time projection chamber: liquid argon, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino: deep underground detector, near detector, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, data management, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, physics.ins-det, Particle Physics - Experiment, activity report, detector: design
Abstract

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of the supernovae that produced the heavy elements necessary for life, and whether protons eventually decay -- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our universe, its current state, and its eventual fate. The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions as it searches for leptonic charge-parity symmetry violation, stands ready to capture supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector technical design report (TDR) describes the DUNE physics program and the technical designs of the single- and dual-phase DUNE liquid argon TPC far detector modules. This TDR is intended to justify the technical choices for the far detector that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. Volume I contains an executive summary that introduces the DUNE science program, the far detector and the strategy for its modular designs, and the organization and management of the Project. The remainder of Volume I provides more detail on the science program that drives the choice of detector technologies and on the technologies themselves. It also introduces the designs for the DUNE near detector and the DUNE computing model, for which DUNE is planning design reports. Volume II of this TDR describes DUNE's physics program in detail. Volume III describes the technical coordination required for the far detector design, construction, installation, and integration, and its organizational structure. Volume IV describes the single-phase far detector technology. A planned Volume V will describe the dual-phase technology., Comment: Minor corrections made for JINST submission; 244 pages, 114 figures

Published
2020
Full Text
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21. Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), Far Detector Technical Design Report, Volume III: DUNE Far Detector Technical Coordination

Author

Abi, Babak, Acciarri, Roberto, Acero, Mario, Adamov, Giorge, Adams, David, Adinolfi, Marco, Ahmad, Zubayer, Ahmed, Jhanzeb, Alion, Tyler, Alonso Monsalve, Saul, Alt, Christoph, Anderson, John, Andreopoulos, Costas, Andrews, Michael P, Andriamirado, Manoa, Andrianala, Fenompanirina, Andringa, Sofia, Ankowski, Artur, Anthony, Jack, Antoniu, Iliescu, Antonova, Maria, Antusch, Stefan, Aranda Fernandez, Alfredo, Ariga, Akitaka, Arnold, Lukas, Arroyave, Manuel, Asaadi, Jonathan, Aurisano, Adam, Aushev, Vladimir, Autiero, Dario, Azfar, Farrukh, Back, Ashley, Back, Henning, Back, John, Backhouse, Chris, Baesso, Paolo, Bagby, Linda, Bajou, Raphael, Balasubramanian, Supraja, Baldi, Pierre, Bambah, Bindu, Barao, Fernando, Barenboim, Gabriela, Barker, Gary J, Barkhouse, Wayne, Barnes, Christopher, Barr, Giles, Barranco Monarca, Juan, Barros, Nuno, Barrow, Joshua, Bashyal, Amit, Basque, Vincent, Bay, Fatih, Bazo Alba, J.L., Beacom, John, Bechetoille, Edouard, Behera, Biswaranjan, Bellantoni, Leo, Bellettini, Giorgio, Bellini, Vincenzo, Beltramello, Olga, Belver, D., Benekos, Nektarios, Bento Neves, Francisco, Berger, Joshua, Berkman, Sophie, Bernardini, Paolo, Berner, Roman, Berns, Hans-Gerd, Bertolucci, Sergio, Betancourt, Minerba, Bezawada, Y., Bhattacharjee, maharnab, Bhuyan, Bipul, Biagi, Simone, Bian, Jianming, Biassoni, Matteo, Biery, Kurt, Bilki, Burak, Bishai, Mary, Bitadze, Alexander, Blake, Andrew, Blanco Siffert, Beatriz, Blaszczyk, Flor de Maria, Blazey, Gerald C, Blucher, Edward, Boissevain, Jan, Bolognesi, Sara, Bolton, Timothy, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bonini, Filiberto, Booth, Alexander, Booth, Chris, Bordoni, Stefania, Borkum, Aran, Boschi, Tommaso, Bostan, Nilay, Bour, Petr, Boyd, Steve B, Boyden, Daniel, Bracinik, Juraj, Braga, Davide, Brailsford, Dominic, Brandt, Andrew, Bremer, Johan, Brew, Chris, Brianne, Eldwan, Brice, Stephen, Brizzolari, Claudia, Bromberg, Carl, Brooijmans, Gustaaf, Brooke, Jim, Bross, Alan, Brunetti, Giulia, Buchanan, Norman, Budd, Howard, Caiulo, Davide, Calafiura, Paolo, Calcutt, Jacob, Calin, Marius, Calvez, Steven, Calvo, Enrique, Camilleri, Leslie, Caminata, Alessio, Campanelli, Mario, Caratelli, David, Carini, Gabriella, Carlus, Bruno, Carniti, Paolo, Caro Terrazas, Ivan, Carranza, Hector, Castillo, Andrés, Castromonte, Cesar, Cattadori, Carla, Cavalier, Fabien, Cavanna, Flavio, Centro, Sandro, Cerati, Giuseppe, Cervelli, Alberto, Cervera Villanueva, Anselmo, Chalifour, Michel, Chang, C., Chardonnet, Etienne, Chatterjee, Animesh, Chattopadhyay, Subhasish, Chaves, Jorge, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Mu-Chun, Chen, Yifan, Cherdack, Daniel, Chi, Cheng-Yi, Childress, Sam, Chiriacescu, Ana, Cho, Kihyeon, Choubey, Sandhya, Christensen, Anne, Christian, David, Christodoulou, Georgios, Church, Eric, Clarke, Peter, Coan, Thomas, Cocco, Alfredo, Coelho, Joao, Conley, Erin, Conrad, Janet M, Convery, Mark, Corwin, Luke, Cotte, Philippe, Cremaldi, Lucien, Cremonesi, Linda, Crespo-Anadón, Jose I, Cristaldo, Esteban, Cross, Ryan, Cuesta, Clara, Cui, Yanou, Cussans, David, Dabrowski, Mieczyslaw, Da Motta, Helio, Peres, L. 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Ben, Stock, Jason, Stocker, Francesca, Stokes, Tyler, Strait, Matthew, Strauss, Thomas, Striganov, Sergei, Stuart, Alexander, Summers, Don, Surdo, Antonio, Susic, Vasja, Suter, Louise, Sutera, Concetta Maria, Svoboda, Robert, Szczerbinska, Barbara, Szelc, Andrzej, Talaga, Richard, Tanaka, Hirohisa, Tapia Oregui, Beatriz, Tapper, Alexander, Tariq, Salman, Tatar, E., Tayloe, Rex, Teklu, Abraham Meles, Tenti, Matteo, Terao, Kazuhiro, Ternes, Christoph, Terranova, Francesco, Testera, Gemma, Thea, Alessandro, Thompson, Joshua, Thorn, Craig, Timm, Steven C, Tonazzo, Alessandra, Torti, Marta, Tortola, Mariam, Tortorici, Francesco, Totani, Dante, Toups, Matthew, Touramanis, Christos, Trevor, Jason, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tsai, Yun-Tse, Tsamalaidze, Zviadi, Tsang, Ka Vang, Tsverava, Nikolozi, Tufanli, Serhan, Tull, Craig, Tyley, E., Tzanov, Martin, Uchida, Melissa, Urheim, Jon, Usher, Tracy, Vagins, Mark R, Vahle, Patricia, Valdiviesso, Gustavo, Valencia, E., Vallari, Zoya, Valle, Jose, Vallecorsa, Sofia, Van Berg, Rick, Van de Water, Richard, Vanegas Forero, David, Varanini, Filippo, Vargas, Danaisis, Varner, Gary, Vasel, Justin, Vasseur, Georges, Vaziri, Kamran, Ventura, Sandro, Verdugo, Antonio, Vergani, Stefano, Vermeulen, Milo, Verzocchi, Marco, Vieira de Souza, Henrique, Vignoli, Chiara, Vilela, Cristovao, Viren, Brett, Vrba, Tomas, Wachala, Tomasz, Waldron, Abigail, Wallbank, Michael, Wang, Hanguo, Wang, Jingbo, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yue, Warburton, Karl, Warner, David, Wascko, Morgan, Waters, David, Watson, Alan, Weatherly, Pierce, Weber, Alfons, Weber, Michele, Wei, Hanyu, Weinstein, Amanda, Wenman, Dan, Wetstein, Matthew, Yang, Shaokai, Zeller, Geralyn (Sam), While, M.R., White, Andy, Whitehead, Leigh, Whittington, Denver, Wilking, Michael, Wilkinson, Callum, Williams, Zachary, Wilson, Fergus, Wilson, Robert, Wolcott, Jeremy, Wongjirad, Taritree, Wood, Kevin, Wood, Lynn, Worcester, Elizabeth, Worcester, Matthew, Wret, Clarence, Wu, Wanwei, Xiao, Y., Yang, Guang, Yang, Tingjun, Yershov, Nikolai, Yonehara, Katsuya, Young, Tim, Yu, Bo, Yu, Jae, Zalesak, Jaroslav, Zambelli, Laura, Zamorano, Bruno, Zani, Andrea, Zazueta, Luis, Zeller, G.P., Zennamo, Joseph, Zeug, Kyle, Zhang, Chao, Zhao, Manhong, Zhivun, Elena, Zhu, Guanying, Zimmerman, Eric, Zito, Marco, Zucchelli, Stefano, Zuklin, Josef, Zutshi, Vishnu, Zwaska, Robert, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), DUNE, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
safety, Neutrino Oscillations. Neutrino detectors, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, hep-ex, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, engineering, far detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), fabrication, time projection chamber: liquid argon, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino: deep underground detector, quality, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, physics.ins-det, Particle Physics - Experiment, activity report
Abstract

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of the supernovae that produced the heavy elements necessary for life, and whether protons eventually decay -- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our universe, its current state, and its eventual fate. The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions as it searches for leptonic charge-parity symmetry violation, stands ready to capture supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector technical design report (TDR) describes the DUNE physics program and the technical designs of the single- and dual-phase DUNE liquid argon TPC far detector modules. Volume III of this TDR describes how the activities required to design, construct, fabricate, install, and commission the DUNE far detector modules are organized and managed. This volume details the organizational structures that will carry out and/or oversee the planned far detector activities safely, successfully, on time, and on budget. It presents overviews of the facilities, supporting infrastructure, and detectors for context, and it outlines the project-related functions and methodologies used by the DUNE technical coordination organization, focusing on the areas of integration engineering, technical reviews, quality assurance and control, and safety oversight. Because of its more advanced stage of development, functional examples presented in this volume focus primarily on the single-phase (SP) detector module., Minor corrections made for JINST submission, 209 pages, 55 figures (updated typos in Table A.5; corrected errors in author list)

Published
2020
Full Text
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22. Reconstruction of interactions in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector with Pandora

Author

Abed Abud, Adam, Abi, Babak, Acciarri, Roberto, Acero, Mario, Adames, Marcio, Adamov, George, Adamowski, Mark, Adams, David, Adinolfi, Marco, Adriano, Cris, Aduszkiewicz, Antoni, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahmad, Zubayer, Ahmed, Jhanzeb, Aimard, Benjamin, Akbar, Faiza, Ali-Mohammadzadeh, Behnam, Allison, Kyle, Alonso Monsalve, Saul, AlRashed, Munera, Alt, Christoph, Alton, Andrew, Alvarez, Rodrigo, Amedo, Pablo, Anderson, John, Andreopoulos, Costas, Andreotti, Mirco, Andrews, Michael P., Andrianala, Fenompanirina, Andringa, Sofia, Anfimov, Nikolay, Ankowski, Artur, Antoniassi, Marcelo, Antonova, Maria, Antoshkin, Alexander, Antusch, Stefan, Aranda-Fernandez, Alfredo, Arellano, Luciano, Arnold, Lukas, Arroyave, Manuel, Asaadi, Jonathan, Asquith, Lily, Aurisano, Adam, Aushev, Vladimir, Autiero, Dario, Ayala Lara, Victor, AyalaTorres, M., Ayala-Torres, Marco Alberto, Azfar, Farrukh, Back, Ashley, Back, Henning, Back, John, Backhouse, Chris, Bagaturia, Iuri, Bagby, Linda, Balashov, Nikita, Balasubramanian, Supraja, Baldi, Pierre, Baller, Bruce, Bambah, Bindu, Barao, Fernando, Barenboim, Gabriela, Barker, Gary J., Barkhouse, Wayne, Barnes, Christopher, Barr, Giles, Barranco Monarca, Juan, Barros, Adilson, Barros, Nuno, Barrow, Joshua, Basharina-Freshville, Anastasia, Bashyal, Amit, Basque, Vincent, Batchelor, Charlie, Battat, James, Battisti, Federico, Bay, Fatih, Bazetto, Maria Cecilia, Bazo, J.L., Bazo Alba, José Luis, Beacom, John, Bechetoille, Edouard, Behera, Biswaranjan, Belchior Batista das Chagas, Ewerton, Bellantoni, Leo, Bellettini, Giorgio, Bellini, Vincenzo, Beltramello, Olga, Benekos, Nektarios, Benitez Montiel, Carlos, Bento Neves, Francisco, Berger, Joshua, Berkman, Sophie, Bernardini, Paolo, Berner, Roman, Bersani, Andrea, Bertolucci, Sergio, Betancourt, Minerba, Betancur Rodríguez, Amalia, Bevan, Adrian, Bezawada, Yashwanth, Bezerra, Anibal, Bezerra, Thiago, Bhardwaj, Akhil, Bhatnagar, Vipin, Bhattacharjee, Maharnab, Bhattarai, Devesh, Bhuller, Shyam, Bhuyan, Bipul, Biagi, Simone, Bian, Jianming, Biassoni, Matteo, Biery, Kurt, Bilki, Burak, Bishai, Mary, Bitadze, Alexander, Blake, Andrew, Blaszczyk, Flor de Maria, Blazey, Gerald C., Blucher, Edward, Boissevain, Jan, Bolognesi, Sara, Bolton, Timothy, Bomben, Luca, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bonilla-Diaz, Cesar, Bonini, Filiberto, Booth, Alexander, Boran, Fatma, Bordoni, Stefania, Borkum, Aran, Bostan, Nilay, Bour, Petr, Boyden, Daniel, Bracinik, Juraj, Braga, Davide, Brailsford, Dominic, Branca, Antonio, Brandt, Andrew, Bremer, Johan, Brew, Christopher, Brice, Stephen, Brizzolari, Claudia, Bromberg, Carl, Brooke, Jim, Bross, Alan, Brunetti, Giulia, Brunetti, Maria, Buchanan, Norman, Budd, Howard, Butorov, Ilia, Cagnoli, Irene, Cai, Tejin, Caiulo, Davide, Calabrese, Roberto, Calafiura, Paolo, Calcutt, Jacob, Calin, Marius, Calvez, Steven, Calvo, Enrique, Caminata, Alessio, Campos Benitez, Axel, Caratelli, David, Carber, Daniel, Carceller, Juan Miguel, Carini, Gabriella, Carlus, Bruno, Carneiro, Mateus, Carniti, Paolo, Caro Terrazas, Ivan, Carranza, Hector, Carroll, Thomas, Castaño Forero, Javier, Castillo, Andrés, Castromonte, Cesar, Catano-Mur, Erika, Cattadori, Carla, Cavalier, Fabien, Cavallaro, Giuseppe, Cavanna, Flavio, Centro, Sandro, Cerati, Giuseppe, Cervelli, Alberto, Cervera Villanueva, Anselmo, Chalifour, Michel, Chappell, Andrew, Chardonnet, Etienne, Charitonidis, Nikolas, Chatterjee, Animesh, Chattopadhyay, Subhasish, Chavarry Neyra, Michael Steve, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Mu-Chun, Chen, Yifan, Chen, Zheyang, Chen-Wishart, Zachary, Cheon, Yoolim, Cherdack, Daniel, Chi, Cheng-Yi, Childress, Sam, Chirco, Robert, Chiriacescu, Ana, Cho, Kihyeon, Choate, Sarah, Chokheli, David, Chong, Pooi, Christensen, Anne, Christian, David, Christodoulou, Georgios, Chukanov, Artem, Chung, Moses, Church, Eric, Cicero, Valentina, Clarke, Peter, Cline, Gordon, Coan, Thomas, Cocco, Alfredo, Coelho, Joao, Collot, Johann, Colton, Nicole, Conley, Erin, Conley, Robert, Conrad, Janet M., Convery, Mark, Copello, Simone, Cova, Paolo, Cremaldi, Lucien, Cremonesi, Linda, Crespo-Anadón, José, Crisler, Michael, Cristaldo, Esteban, Crnkovic, Jason, Cross, Ryan, Cudd, Andrew, Cuesta, Clara, Cui, Yanou, Cussans, David, Dai, Joel, Dalager, Olivia, da Motta, Helio, da Silva Peres, Leonardo, David, Claire, David, Quentin, Davies, Gavin, Davini, Stefano, Dawson, Jaime, De, Kaushik, De, Shruti, Debbins, Paul, De, I., De Bonis, Isabelle, Decowski, M. Patrick, de Gouvea, Andre, De, P.C., de Holanda, Pedro, de Icaza Astiz, Iker, Deisting, Alexander, De, P., De Jong, Paul, Delbart, Alain, De Leo, Veronica, Delepine, David, Delgado, Maritza, Dell'Acqua, Andrea, Delmonte, Nicola, De Lurgio, Patrick, de Mello Neto, Joao, DeMuth, David, Dennis, Steve, Densham, Chris, Deptuch, Grzegorz, De Roeck, Albert, De, V., De Romeri, Valentina, de Souza, Greg, Devi, Ritu, Dharmapalan, Ranjan, Dias, Marco, Diaz, Jorge S., Díaz, Felix, Di Capua, Francesco, Di, A., Di Domenico, Antonio, Di Domizio, Sergio, Di Giulio, Letizia, Ding, Pengfei, Di Noto, Lea, Dirkx, Glenn, Distefano, Carla, Diurba, Richard, Diwan, Milind, Djurcic, Zelimir, Doering, Dionisio, Dolan, Stephen, Dolek, Furkan, Dolinski, Michelle J., Domine, Laura, Donon, Yann, Douglas, Daniel, Dragone, Angelo, Drake, Gary, Drielsma, Francois, Duarte, Laura Cristina, Duchesneau, Dominique, Duffy, Kirsty, Dunne, Patrick, Dutta, Bhaskar, Duyang, Hongyue, Dvornikov, Olexiy, Dwyer, Daniel A., Dyshkant, Alexandre S., Eads, Michael, Earle, Antony, Edmunds, Daniel, Eisch, Jonathan, Emberger, Lorenz, Emery, Sandrine, Englezos, Panagiotis, Ereditato, Antonio, Erjavec, Tyler, Escobar, Carlos O., Escudero Sanchez, Lorena, Eurin, Guillaume, Evans, Justin, Ewart, Erin, Ezeribe, Anthony, Fahey, Kevin, Falcone, Andrea, Fani’, M., Fani, Mattia, Farnese, Christian, Farzan, Yasaman, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Felix, Julian, Feng, Yue, Fernandez-Martinez, Enrique, Fernandez Menendez, Pablo, Ferraro, Federico, Fields, Laura, Filip, Peter, Filthaut, Frank, Fine, Robert, Fiorillo, Giuliana, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Fischer, Vincent, Fitzpatrick, Rory, Flanagan, Will, Fleming, Bonnie, Flight, Robert, Fogarty, Sam, Foreman, Will, Fowler, Jack, Fox, Walt, Franc, Jiri, Francis, Kurt, Franco, Domenico, Freeman, John, Freestone, Julian, Fried, Jack, Friedland, Alex, Fuess, Stu, Furic, Ivan, Furman, Krzysztof, Furmanski, Andrew, Gabrielli, Alessandro, Gago, A.M., Gallagher, Hugh, Gallas, Alexandre, Gallego-Ros, Ana, GallegoRos, A., Gallice, Niccolo, Galymov, Vyacheslav, Gamberini, Enrico, Gamble, Trevor, Ganacim, Francisco, Gandhi, Raj, Ganguly, Sudeshna, Gao, Fan, Gao, Shanshan, Garcia-Gamez, Diego, García-, M.A., García-Peris, Miguel, Gardiner, Steven, Gastler, Dan, Gauvreau, Jean-Luc, Gauzzi, Paolo, Ge, Guanqun, Geffroy, Nicolas, Gelli, Bruno, Gendotti, Adamo, Gent, Stephen, Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Zahra, Giammaria, Paola, Giammaria, Tommaso, Giangiacomi, Nico, Gibin, Daniele, Gil-Botella, Ines, Gilligan, Sean, Girerd, Claude, Giri, Anjan Kumar, Gnani, Dario, Gogota, Olga, Gold, Michael, Gollapinni, Sowjanya, Gollwitzer, Keith, Gomes, Ricardo, Gomez, L., Gomez Bermeo, Laura Vanessa, Fajardo, L.S. Gomez, Gonnella, Francesco, González, D., González Caamaño, David, Gonzalez-Diaz, Diego, Gonzalez-Lopez, Manuel, Goodman, Maury, Goodwin, Owen, Goswami, Srubabati, Gotti, Claudio, Goudzovski, Evgueni, Grace, Carl, Gran, Rik, Granados, Everardo, Granger, Pierre, Grant, Christopher, Gratieri, Diego, Green, Patrick, Green, Steven, Greenberg, Stephen, Greenler, Leland, Greer, Joel, Grenard, Jean-Louis, Griffith, Clark, Groh, Micah, Grudzinski, James, Grzelak, Katarzyna, Gu, Wenqiang, Guardincerri, Elena, Guarino, Victor, Guarise, Marco, Guenette, Roxanne, Guerard, Eric, Guerzoni, Marco, Guffanti, Daniele, Guglielmi, Alberto, Guo, Bing, Gupta, Aseem, Gupta, Vikas, Guthikonda, K.K., Guzowski, Pawel, Guzzo, Marcelo, Gwon, Sunwoo, Ha, Chang Hyon, Haaf, Kevin, Habig, Alec, Hadavand, Haleh, Haenni, Roger, Hahn, Alan, Haiston, James, Hamacher-Baumann, Philip, HamacherBaumann, P., Hamernik, Thomas, Hamilton, Philip, Han, Jiyeon, Harris, Deborah, Hartnell, Jeffrey, Hartnett, Trevor, Harton, John, Hasegawa, Takyua, Hasnip, Ciaran, Hatcher, Robert, Hatfield, Kaleb, Hatzikoutelis, Athanasios, Hayes, Christopher, Hayrapetyan, Karen, Hays, Jonathan, Hazen, Eric, He, Muyuan, Heavey, Anne, Heeger, Karsten, Heise, Jaret, Henry, Sarah, Hernandez Morquecho, Miguel Angel, Herner, Kenneth, Hewes, V., Hewes, Jeremy, Hilgenberg, Christopher, Hill, Tony, Hillier, Stephen, Himmel, Alexander, Hinkle, Elise, Hirsch, Luciana, Ho, Johnny, Hoff, James, Holin, Anna, Hoppe, Eric, Horton-Smith, Glenn, Hostert, Matheus, Hourlier, Adrien, Howard, Bruce, Howell, Ryan, Hristova, Ivana, Hronek, Maxine, Huang, Junying, Hulcher, Zachary, Iles, Gregory, Ilic, Nikolina, Iliescu, Antoniu, Illingworth, Robert, Ingratta, Gianfranco, Ioannisian, Ara, Irwin, Burke, Isenhower, Larry, Itay, Ran, Jackson, Christopher, Jain, Vivek, James, Eric, Jang, Wooyoung, Jargowsky, Benjamin, Jediny, Filip, Jena, Deepika, Jeong, Yu Seon, Jesús-Valls, César, Ji, Xiangpan, Jiang, Junjie, Jiang, Libo, Jiménez, Sergio, Jipa, Alexandru, Joaquim, Filipe, Johnson, Walker, Johnston, Nicholas, Jones, Benjamin, Judah, Matthew, Jung, Chang Kee, Junk, Thomas, Jwa, Yeon-jae, Kabirnezhad, Monireh, Kaboth, Asher, Kadenko, Igor, Kakorin, Igor, Kalitkina, Anastasia, Kalra, Daisy, Kamiya, Felipe, Kaplan, Daniel, Karagiorgi, Georgia, Karaman, Gurkan, Karcher, Armin, Karolak, Mark, Karyotakis, Yannis, Kasai, Seiji, Kasetti, Siva, Kashur, Lane, Kazaryan, Narine, Kearns, Edward, Keener, Paul, Kelly, Kevin, Kemp, Ernesto, Kemularia, Otari, Ketchum, Wes, Kettell, Steve, Khabibullin, Marat, Khotjantsev, Alexei, Khvedelidze, Arsen, Kim, Doojin, King, Bonnie, Kirby, Brian, Kirby, Mike, Klein, Joshua, Klustova, Anezka, Kobilarcik, Thomas, Koehler, Kevin, Koerner, Lisa, Koh, D.H., Kohn, Sam, Koller, Patrick, Kolupaeva, Liudmila, Korablev, Denis, Kordosky, Mike, Kosc, Thomas, Kose, Umut, Kostelecky, V. Alan, Kothekar, Kunal, Kralik, Robert, Kreczko, Luke, Krennrich, Frank, Kreslo, Igor, Kropp, William, Kroupova, Tereza, Kubota, Shion, Kudenko, Yury, Kudryavtsev, Vitaly, Kuhlmann, Stephen, Kulagin, Sergey, Kumar, Jason, Kumar, Praveen, Kunze, Pablo, Kuravi, Ramachandra, Kurita, Nadine, Kuruppu, Chatura, Kus, Vaclav, Kutter, Thomas, Kvasnicka, Jiri, Kwak, Donghyun, Lambert, Andrew, Land, Benjamin, Lane, Charles, Lang, Karol, Langford, Thomas, Langstaff, Mark, Larkin, Jacob, Lasorak, Pierre, Last, David, Laundrie, Andy, Laurenti, Giuliano, Lawrence, Andrew, Lazanu, Ionel, LaZur, Ryan, Lazzaroni, Massimo, Le, Trung, Leardini, Sara, Learned, John, LeBrun, Patrice, LeCompte, Thomas, Lee, Claire, Lee, Soo Yeon, Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna, Lehnert, Ralf, Leigui de Oliveira, M.A., Leitner, Matthaeus, Lepin, Luis, Li, Shirley W., Li, Yichen, Liao, Heng-Ye, Lin, Cheng-Ju Stephen, Lin, Qing, Lin, Shih-Kai, Lineros, Roberto, Ling, Jiajie, Lister, Adam, Littlejohn, Bryce, Liu, Junze, Liu, Yinrui, Lockwitz, Sarah, Loew, Timothy, Lokajicek, Milos, Lomidze, Irakli, Long, Ken, Lord, Tom, LoSecco, John M., Louis, William, Lu, Xianguo, Luk, Kam-Biu, Lunday, Benjamin, Luo, Xiao, Luppi, Eleonora, Lux, Thorsten, Luzio, Vitor, Maalmi, Jihane, MacFarlane, David, Machado, Ana Amelia, Machado, Pedro, Macias, Christopher Thomas, Macier, Jolie R., Maddalena, Antonello, Madera, Alfonso, Madigan, Peter, Magill, Steve, Mahn, Kendall, Maio, Amélia, Major, Adryanna, Maloney, James, Mandrioli, Gianni, Mandujano, Roberto, Maneira, José, Manenti, Laura, Manly, Steve, Mann, Anthony, Manolopoulos, Konstantinos, Manrique Plata, Maria, Manyam, Venkata, Marchan, Miquel, Marchionni, Alberto, Marciano, William, Marfatia, Danny, Mariani, Camillo, Maricic, Jelena, Marie, Rodolphe, Marinho, Franciole, Marino, Alysia, Markiewicz, Thomas, Marsden, David, Marshak, Marvin, Marshall, Chris, Marshall, John, Marteau, Jacques, Martín-Albo, Justo, Martinez, Norman, Martinez Caicedo, David, Martínez Miravé, Pablo, Martynenko, Sergey, Mascagna, Valerio, Mason, Katie, Mastbaum, Andrew, Matichard, Fabrice, Matsuno, Shigenobu, Matthews, James, Mauger, Christopher, Mauri, Nicoletta, Mavrokoridis, Konstantinos, Mawby, Isobel, Mazza, Roberto, Mazzacane, Anna, Mazzucato, Edoardo, McAskill, Tracy, McCluskey, Elaine, McConkey, Nicola, McFarland, Kevin, McGrew, Clark, McNab, Andrew, Mefodiev, Alexander, Mehta, Poonam, Melas, Pantelis, Mena, Olga, Mendez, Hector, Mendez, Patricia, Méndez, Diana, Menegolli, A., Meng, Guang, Messier, Mark, Metcalf, William, Mewes, Matthew, Meyer, Holger, Miao, Ting, Michna, Gregory, Mikola, Veera, Milincic, Radovan, Miller, Graham, Miller, William, Mills, Joshua, Mineev, Oleg, Minotti, Alessandro, Miranda, Omar, Miryala, Sandeep, Mishra, C. Shekhar, Mishra, Sanjib R., Mislivec, Aaron, Mitchell, Mote, Mladenov, Dimitar, Mocioiu, Irina, Moffat, Kristian, Moggi, Niccolo, Mohanta, Rukmani, Mohayai, Tanaz, Mokhov, Nikolai, Molina, Jorge, Molina Bueno, Laura, Montagna, Elisabetta, Montanari, Alessandro, Montanari, Claudio, Montanari, David, Montanino, Daniele, Montaño Zetina, Luis, Moon, Seok Ho, Mooney, Michael, Moor, Alexandra, Moreno, Deywis, Moretti, Davide, Morris, Casandra, Mossey, Chris, Mitchell Mote, Motuk, Erdem, Moura, Célio, Mousseau, Joel, Mouster, Gwenn, Mu, Wei, Mualem, Leon, Mueller, Justin, Muether, Mathew, Mufson, Stuart, Muheim, Franz, Muir, Alan, Mulhearn, Mike, Munford, Donnie, Muramatsu, Hajime, Murphy, Matt, Murphy, Sebastien, Musser, Jim, Nachtman, Jane, Nagai, Yoshikazu, Nagu, Srishti, Nalbandyan, Mikayel, Nandakumar, Raja, Naples, Donna, Narita, Shinya, Nath, Atanu, Navrer-Agasson, Anyssa, Nayak, Nitish, Nebot-Guinot, Miquel, Negishi, Kentaro, Nelson, Jeff, Nesbit, Jake, Nessi, Marzio, Newbold, David, 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Subjects
particle, CERN Lab, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Time projection chambers, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], far detector, FOS: Physical sciences, interaction, momentum, ProtoDUNE-SP, GeV, programming, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Neutrino detectors, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, physics.ins-det, Pattern-recognition, logic, Event reconstruction, DUNE, hep-ex, background, track data analysis, [PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th], Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), charged particle, time projection chamber, liquid argon, efficiency, cosmic radiation, beam, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries provide pattern-recognition logic essential to the reconstruction of particle interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector. ProtoDUNE-SP, located at CERN, is exposed to a charged-particle test beam. This paper gives an overview of the Pandora reconstruction algorithms and how they have been tailored for use at ProtoDUNE-SP. In complex events with numerous cosmic-ray and beam background particles, the simulated reconstruction and identification efficiency for triggered test-beam particles is above 80% for the majority of particle type and beam momentum combinations. Specifically, simulated 1 GeV/$c$ charged pions and protons are correctly reconstructed and identified with efficiencies of 86.1$\pm0.6$% and 84.1$\pm0.6$%, respectively. The efficiencies measured for test-beam data are shown to be within 5% of those predicted by the simulation., 39 pages, 20 figures. Accepted version. Published version available in Eur. Phys. J. C 83, 618 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11733-2

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