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In this paper, we describe the first association of the ostreid species Ostrea puelchana d’Orbigny, 1842, as new epibiont in Eriphia gonagra (Fabricius, 1781), with material collected in Northeastern Brazil. The specimens of E. gonagra were collected manually in November of 2020 during the low tide in the Barra de Catuama beach, State of Pernambuco. Among 10 specimens collected, only one adult male showed the presence of two commensal specimens of O. puelchana adhered in the epibranchial and antero-lateral regions of the basibiont (right side). The presence of the epibiont O. puelchana on the new host E. gonagra expands the range of the crustacean species potentially used as hosts by this oyster along the Brazilian coast. Neste artigo, nós descrevemos a primeira associação da espécie de ostreídeo Ostrea puelchana d’Orbigny, 1842, como novo epibionte em Eriphia gonagra (Fabricius, 1781), com material coletado no Nordeste do Brasil. O espécime de E. gonagra foi coletado manualmente em novembro de 2020 durante a maré baixa na praia de Barra de Catuama, no estado de Pernambuco. Entre os 10 espécimes coletados, apenas um macho adulto demonstrou a presença de dois espécimes comensais de O. puelchana aderidos nas regiões epibranquial e anterolateral do basibionte (lado direito). A presença do epibionte O. puelchana como novo hospedeiro de E. gonagra expande a gama de espécies de crustáceos potencialmente utilizadas como hospedeiros dessa ostra ao longo da costa brasileira.

Oil spill events in the marine environment can have a deleterious impact on the affected ecosystems, such as coral reefs, with direct consequences for their socioeconomic value. The mutualistic relationship between tropical corals and their dinoflagellate symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) provide structural and nutritional basis for a high local biodiversity in oligotrophic waters. Here, we investigated effects of crude oil water-accommodated fraction on the competitive fitness of the model zooxanthellae species Symbiodinium glynnii. Results of laboratory essays demonstrate that crude oil carbon is incorporated into the cellular biomass with a concomitant change of δ13C isotopic value. Carcinogenic/mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were identified in the culture media and were responsible for a linear reduction in population growth of S. glynnii, presumably related to energy relocation for DNA repair. Additionally, the experiments revealed that physiological effects induced by crude oil compounds are genetically inherited by the following generations under non-contaminated growth conditions, and induce a reduction in the competitive fitness to cope with other environmental parameters, such as low salinity. We suggest that the effects of crude oil contamination represent an imparing factor for S. glynnii coping with anthropogenic drivers (e.g. warming and acidification) and interfere with the delicate symbiont-host relationship of tropical corals. This is especially relevant in the coastal areas of northeastern Brazil where an oil spill event deposited crude oil on shallow water sediments with the potential to be resuspended to the water column by physical and/or biological activity, enhancing the risk of future coral bleaching events.

A new species of Curidia from the Fernando de Noronha Chain (located off the northeastern Brazilian coast), and the continental shelf of Bahia State is described. Curidia wakabarae n. sp. is similar to C. debrogania Thomas, 1983 and C. magellanica Coleman and Barnard, 1991 in the maxillipedal palp, which is slender and has a long apical seta extending beyond the outer plate. It does, however, differ from these species in article 1 of antenna 1 not reaching the end of article 3, the ventrodistal acute process of article 2 extending to 1/5 of first flagellar article 1, the absence of a posterodorsal acute carina on pereonite 7, and the apically rounded telson. This is the first record of Ochlesidae from the northeast Brazilian coast. A world key of the known Curidia species is given. Se describe una nueva especie de Curidia hallada en la cadena Fernando de Noronha (en el nordeste brasileño) y en la plataforma continental del Estado de Bahia. Curidia n. sp. es similar a C. debrogania y C. magellanica debido a la presencia de un fino palpo maxilipedal y una larga cerda apical extendida hacia afuera de la placa; no obstante se diferencia de estas especies por presentar en la antena 1, un proceso ventrodistal agudo del artejo 1 que no alcanza el final del artejo 3, el artejo 2 con un proceso ventrodistal agudo extendido a 1/5 del primer artejo flajelar 1, un diente agudo posterodorsal sobre el pereonito 7 y un telson apicalmente redondeado. Este es el primer registro de Ochlesidae en el nordeste brasileño. Adjunta se presenta una clave con las especies de Curidia conocidas.

Six species of deep sea decapod crustaceans (Chaceon gordonae, Bathynectes longispina, Dromia bollorei, Homola mini-ma, Nematocarcinus gracilipes and Plesionika martia) were sampled around the vicinity of São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago, Brazil (0°55´N; 29°21´W), after nine scientific surveys to explore demersal and benthic species in the area. Specimens were collected by bottom traps between 200 and 700 m deep, from 2012 to 2015. The current record enlarges the knowledge of the distribution of five of these species, new to the Archipelago. Chaceon gordonae was previously known to the area.