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Background: There is ongoing discussion around the optimal course of treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) following the second line. Trifluridine/tipiracil (T) and regorafenib (R) have been the mainstay of therapy in this situation, as they both increased overall survival (OS) in comparison to a placebo. Despite the paucity of evidence, therapy rechallenge is also recognized as an option for practical use. In the third-line scenario of mCRC, we planned to investigate the survival outcomes using (T) and (R), both with and without prior rechallenge treatment. Materials and methods: Between 2012 and 2023, we examined the medical records of 1156 patients with refractory mCRC who were enrolled in the multicenter retrospective ReTrITA study. We then separated the patients into two cohorts based on the rechallenge therapy that was given before regorafenib and/or trifluridine/tipiracil at 17 Italian centres. Results: A total of 981 patients underwent T and/or R therapy, while 175 patients had therapy rechallenge before T and/or R. The median overall survival (mOS) for patients treated with T/R and R/T sequences in the rechallenge therapy cohort was 14.5 months and 17.6 months, respectively (p = 0.1955). A statistically significant survival benefit was observed in patients who received monotheraphy with R (mOS: 6 months) compared to the T group (mOS: 4.2 months) (p = 0.0332). In the same cohort, a median progression-free survival (mPFS) benefit was demonstrated in favour of the R/T group (11.3 months) vs. 9 months of the reverse sequence (p = 0.4004). In the no-rechallenge cohort, the mOS was statistically longer in the R/T sequence than in the T/R sequence (16.2 months vs. 12.3 months, respectively; p = 0.0014). In terms of the mPFS, we saw the same significant result for the adoption of R/T treatment (11.5 months vs. 8.4 months, respectively; p < 0.0001). The two monotherapy groups did not reveal any significant differences. Conclusions: This study suggests that rechallenge therapy may improve survival rates in the third-line treatment of mCRC, particularly if it is administered before sequential R/T treatment. This could allow for the extension of mCRC treatment choices until prospective studies are finished or randomised trials are performed.

El emprendimiento es una fuerza impulsora para el desarrollo económico, social y cultural que favorece la mejora en la calidad de vida de las personas. Para tener éxito en un entorno empresarial competitivo y dinámico, los emprendedores deben desplegar una variedad de habilidades y competencias específicas para desarrollar empresas con sesgo innovador y sustentables, económica y ambientalmente. La educación formal, que incluye los diferentes niveles de educación primaria, secundaria y superior, desempeña un papel fundamental en la adquisición de las competencias que un distrito emprendedor vigoroso requiere. Surgen, como categorías complementarias para este análisis, los sistemas de educación no formal e informal que permiten el desarrollo de experiencias educativas planificadas, cortas y específicas, pudiendo incluir diversas experiencias formativas. Además, se incluirá dentro del rango de análisis, la indagación a diversos agentes económicos pertinentes con la temática que se aborda, tanto del sector privado como el público. Este artículo expone los lineamientos y supuestos iniciales para la ejecución del presente proyecto de investigación. Para ello, se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura académica y estudios empíricos que examinan la relación entre la educación formal, no formal e informal en materia de iniciativa emprendedora, con el objetivo de proyectar un análisis que abarque tanto el sector público como el privado.

Abstract The cultivation of marine shrimp is one of the fastest growing activities in the world. However, the emergence of diseases has resulted in a decrease in production and losses for the sector. Probiotics emerged as an option to the use of antibiotics to control these pathogens. The efficiency of applying this technology depends on the characteristics of the bacterial agents and their bioavailability in the shrimp intestine. The objective is to evaluate the viability and efficiency of bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of healthy crustaceans as probiotic agents in the cultivation of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Eighteen strains of the genus Bacillus belonging to the following species were tested: Bacillus sp., B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. circulans, B. megaterium, B. subtilis and B. agaridevorans. Bacterial isolates were subjected to characterization as potential probiotics. The test results were considered satisfactory; thus, the tested strains have potential for use as probiotics in shrimp culture. Treatments that used of the genus Bacillus had reduced growth of the genus Vibrio after infection, both in the intestinal contents and in the intestine. With the results obtained, it can be suggested that further research be carried out on the probiotic potential of Bacillus sp.

Undergraduate social work students often have anxiety and aversion to research methods and macro or community-level content. Community-engaged learning (CEL) projects involve an experiential approach to teaching that addresses community needs and have shown promise as a high-impact practice in social work and related disciplines. The present study uses a qualitative design to examine a threaded CEL project executed across two undergraduate courses: Social Work Research Methods, and Community and Organizational Practice. By analyzing reflection essays with a deductive, two-cycle coding strategy, investigators sought to understand how the CEL project affected students’ anxiety, interest, and self-efficacy. Overall, essays illustrated that real-world experience of the CEL process effectively increased interest and self-efficacy while reducing anxiety among students about course content. Implications for implementation and future research are discussed.

Background: Patients with refractory mCRC rarely undergo third-line or subsequent treatment. This strategy could negatively impact their survival. In this setting, regorafenib (R) and trifluridine/tipiracil (T) are two key new treatment options with statistically significant improvements in overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease control with different tolerance profiles. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety profiles of these agents in real-world practice. Materials and Methods: In 2012–2022, 866 patients diagnosed with mCRC who received sequential R and T (T/R, n = 146; R/T, n = 116]) or T (n = 325]) or R (n = 279) only were retrospectively recruited from 13 Italian cancer institutes. Results: The median OS is significantly longer in the R/T group (15.9 months) than in the T/R group (13.9 months) (p = 0.0194). The R/T sequence had a statistically significant advantage in the mPFS, which was 8.8 months with T/R vs. 11.2 months with R/T (p = 0.0005). We did not find significant differences in outcomes between groups receiving T or R only. A total of 582 grade 3/4 toxicities were recorded. The frequency of grade 3/4 hand-foot skin reactions was higher in the R/T sequence compared to the reverse sequence (37.3% vs. 7.4%) (p = 0.01), while grade 3/4 neutropenia was slightly lower in the R/T group than in the T/R group (66.2% vs. 78.2%) (p = 0.13). Toxicities in the non-sequential groups were similar and in line with previous studies. Conclusions: The R/T sequence resulted in a significantly longer OS and PFS and improved disease control compared with the reverse sequence. R and T given not sequentially have similar impacts on survival. More data are needed to define the best sequence and to explore the efficacy of sequential (T/R or R/T) treatment combined with molecular-targeted drugs.

Los recursos humanos son considerados un factor valioso y estratégico para las empresas del ámbito local. Por tanto, su inclusión en la función de producción empresaria, asume una consideración ineludible para la generación de ventajas competitivas sostenibles y sustentables que favorezcan la adaptación de las organizaciones al dinamismo del mercado, innovando en las estrategias de negocios. El paradigma de la Gestión Estratégica de Recursos Humanos (GERH), considera al personal que forma parte de la organización, el factor decisivo para la competitividad. La irrupción tecnológica como vector de innovación, impacta de manera transversal a las organizaciones y sus procesos, redefiniéndolos hacia la obtención de resultados más efectivos. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los modos en que se promueven, construyen y gestionan los procesos de innovación a través de la gestión del talento humano y de qué manera se transforma la cultura organizacional de las empresas Pymes radicadas en la ciudad de Río Gallegos. Los resultados evidencian un desarrollo incipiente de prácticas profesionalizadas en la gestión de los recursos humanos y una tendencia hacia la implementación de procesos innovadores predominantemente, en el sector servicios. Estos resultados evidenciaron una perturbación importante ante la irrupción de la pandemia por Covid-19, que también se refleja en la información recopilada.

As much as users and advertisers have flocked to it, TikTok has been a success. To this point, research on TikTok has been concerned with the nature of TikTok texts and the ways that laterally organized networks on TikTok have intermedia interface points. Instead of focusing on the text or the authors, this article argues that Raymond Williams concept of flow is critical for an initial characterization of a social media platform, proposing and implementing a Markov process model for critical media studies of the experience of TikTok flow. The result of this analysis challenges many commonly held ideas about what TikTok “is” and offers evidence that TikTok is television, not social media. We argue that this shift of perspective is important for advancing understanding of this platform.

RESUMO | Com o crescimento da atividade aquícola e o aumento da entrada de resíduos orgânicos oriundos dos ambientes de cultivo em corpos de águas naturais, o desenvolvimento de técnicas que minimizem os impactos da aquicultura se faz necessário. Uma estratégia que vem mostrando resultados promissores na mitigação dos impactos negativos da aquicultura é a manipulação das comunidades microbianas naturais dos ecossistemas aquáticos. Essas comunidades utilizam as altas cargas de nutrientes para o seu desenvolvimento e o seu crescimento no meio é regulado por vários fatores naturais. Nesta revisão, os principais fatores ambientais que podem modificar a dinâmica e função do biofilme nos ambientes de cultivo, foram minunciosamente analisados. Diversos fatores categorizados como bióticos: parasitismo, predação e pastejo e abióticos: concentração de nutrientes, temperatura, pH, substratos, luz, velocidade de água e regime hidrológico foram apontados como determinantes para a colonização e estabelecimento do biofilme. Todavia, alguns fatores se demonstraram mais atuantes na dinâmica da comunidade, sendo possível distinguir aqueles que apresentam maior interferência no desenvolvimento e dinâmica da comunidade. ABSTRACT | With the growth of aquaculture activity and the increase in the entry of organic wastes from the cultivation environments into natural water bodies, the development of techniques that minimize the impacts of the activity is necessary. One strategy that has shown promising results in mitigating the negative impacts of the activity is the manipulation of the natural microbial communities of aquatic ecosystems. These communities use high nutrient loads for their development and their growth in the medium is regulated by several natural factors. In this review, the main environmental factors that can modify the dynamics and function of biofilms in cultivation environments were carefully analyzed. Several factors categorized as biotic: parasitism, predation and grazing and abiotic: nutrient concentration, temperature, pH, substrates, light, water velocity and hydrological regime were identified as determinants for the colonization and establishment of the biofilm. However, some of these were more active in the dynamics of the periphytic community, being possible to distinguish those that present greater interference in the development and dynamics of the community.

O tema deste estudo é o manejo dos sintomas de ansiedade social vivenciados por crianças em psicoterapia individual, que se demonstraram como entraves para o andamento do tratamento. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em descrever as estratégias utilizadas em cinco atendimentos de psicoterapia breve focal, com base na abordagem cognitivo-comportamental, com crianças de 8 a 13 anos que apresentaram os sintomas durante as sessões em um serviço-escola da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS. A metodologia utilizada foi o delineamento qualitativo descritivo e os cuidados éticos foram devidamente respeitados. Como resultados desse estudo serão apresentadas alternativas de intervenção utilizadas para o manejo clínico destes pacientes. Houve semelhanças e diferenças entre as técnicas utilizadas. E algumas delas foram: postura terapêutica de valorização das preferências do paciente e utilização de tais interesses no processo psicoterápico, orientação de pais com foco em gerar um ambiente seguro que favorecesse a expressão do paciente, utilização de atividades lúdicas como estratégias de mudança do foco para facilitação do diálogo e para psicoeducação das emoções e a autorrevelação. Nos casos estudados, os sintomas de ansiedade social se manifestaram no ambiente terapêutico dificultando a interação com o paciente e o avanço da psicoterapia. Estratégias como estas demonstraram-se funcionais e efetivas, quando adaptadas individualmente, de modo que favoreceram o avanço do processo psicoterápico. No entanto, destaca-se que a sensibilidade dos terapeutas foi fundamental para perceber a necessidade de cada paciente e flexibilizar o uso das técnicas.

Objetivos: evaluar si los pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) al momento del diagnóstico con baja actividad de la enfermedad presentaron un curso más benigno de la enfermedad vs. aquellos que tuvieron actividad moderada/severa. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, analítico, de cohorte retrospectiva. Se revisaron historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de LES según criterios del American College of Rheumatology (ACR 1982/1997), del Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC 2012) o del ACR/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR 2019), con un seguimiento mínimo de un año, que acudieron a la Sección de Reumatología del Hospital Rivadavia de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Resultados: se incluyeron 100 pacientes con diagnóstico de LES, de los cuales el 44% presentaba actividad leve, mientras que el 56% tenía actividad moderada o severa al diagnóstico. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos grupos en la cantidad de brotes a lo largo de la evolución de la enfermedad (mediana del grupo con actividad leve 0 [RIC 0-1] vs. mediana del grupo actividad moderada o severa 1 [RIC 1-2]; p

Cafe interior design that supports health protocols in new normal conditions will be essential to keep cafes safe to visit. In this new-normal era, the implementation of good circulation for public areas is critical and has become one of the main concerns of cafe visitors. Good circulation is one aspect of the eco- interior concept that existed before the pandemic. Eco-interior is an interior building concept that emphasizes sustainability and the reciprocal relationship between humans and the surrounding environment. This study aims to determine the considerations of visitors in choosing an indoor or outdoor café to be visited in the new-normal era. The case study that will be analyzed is a cafe in Malang City, which is still in demand by visitors in the new-normal period. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Research data were obtained through field studies, interviews and questionnaires. As a result, most visitors choose to visit cafes with outdoor or semi-outdoor areas with smooth air circulation compared to cafes in indoor spaces. From the analysis results based on the eco interior parameters, the application of ventilation in the café is at the ideal stage, while the pollution control in the café area is a substantial effort.

Over the past decade, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have contributed to a major paradigm shift in thrombosis management, replacing vitamin K antagonists as the most commonly prescribed anticoagulants in many countries. While DOACs provide distinct advantages over warfarin (eg, convenience, simplicity, and safety), they are frequently associated with inappropriate prescribing and adverse events. These events have prompted regulatory agencies to mandate oversight, which individual institutions may find difficult to comply with given limited resources. Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has leveraged technology to develop the DOAC Population Management Tool (PMT) to address these challenges. This tool has empowered VHA to update a 60‐year standard of care from one‐to‐one provider‐to‐patient anticoagulation monitoring to a population‐based management approach. The DOAC PMT allows for the oversight of all patients prescribed DOACs and leads to intervention only when clinically indicated. Using the DOAC PMT, facilities across VHA have maximized DOAC oversight while minimizing resource usage. Herein, we discuss how the DOAC PMT was conceived, developed, and implemented, along with the challenges encountered throughout the process. Additionally, we share the impact of the DOAC PMT across VHA, and the potential of this approach beyond anticoagulation and VHA.

Objective To evaluate the best timing for ECG screening in order to diagnose long QT syndrome and lower, at the same time, the false positives.Design We retrospectively evaluated the corrected QT (QTc) interval in the clinical reports of the ECG screening performed, as per internal protocol.Setting An outpatient setting in our Unit of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital in Latina, Italy.Patients We enrolled 3467 healthy neonates between 14 and 30 days of life.Interventions The newborns with abnormal QTc interval were invited to subsequent revaluation every 21 days, until normalisation or necessity to refer to a tertiary paediatric cardiology centre.Main outcome measures Difference in QTc according to patients’ characteristics and number of false positives at second ECG evaluation.Results At first evaluation, 249 (7.2%) newborns had prolonged QTc. We did not find any significant difference in the QTc length according to gestational age (p=0.40) and birth weight (p=0.81). As expected, girls had longer QTc than boys (p=0.01). Only 11 out of 240 (4.6%) and 1 out of 238 infants (0.4%) had persistently prolonged QTc at second and third ECG evaluation, respectively. The QTc decreased significantly at second (p

Background: Phenprocoumon has been used as an oral anticoagulant in patients with thromboembolic disease for more than 40 years. So far its pharmacokinetics have not been analyzed in emergency situations. Methods: Phenprocoumon-treated patients with major bleeding or urgent surgery were included in a prospective, observational registry. Phenprocoumon drug concentrations were analyzed in samples, collected as part of routine care using ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Moreover, anticoagulant intensity and drug half-life (t1/2) were calculated. Results: 115 patients were included. Phenprocoumon levels declined over time with a half-life of 5.27 and 5.29 days in patients with major bleedings (n = 82) and with urgent surgery (n = 33). Baseline phenprocoumon levels were 2.2 times higher in the bleeding group compared to the surgery group (1.92 vs. 0.87 ng/mL, p < 0.0001). International normalized ratio (INR) values decreased rapidly during the first 24 h. In 27.6% of patients a rebound of INR (recurrent increase > 1.5) was observed which was associated with significantly increased bleeding rates (22% vs. 4.2% in patients with or without INR rebound, p = 0.012). Conclusions: In emergency situations, the long half-life of phenprocoumon may cause INR rebound and associated recurrent bleedings. Optimal management may need to include repeated vitamin K supplementation over days.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the use of an artificial substrate for periphytic biofilm growth on the microbiological composition of the biofilm, water quality, and zootechnical performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in rearing tanks. The experiment consisted of two treatments: presence and absence of artificial substrate for the growth of periphyton, with five replicates. Water quality parameters were evaluated throughout the entire experimental period. Every two weeks, samples of the periphyton were collected for the analysis of its microbiological composition and biometric measurements of the fish were performed. The number of heterotrophic bacteria in the biofilm increased during the experimental period, but that of Aeromonas decreased with the use of the artificial substrate. The total ammonia nitrogen in the tanks with periphyton reduced in 30% compared with that of the control. Tilapia reared with the biofilm showed a final weight 2.4 times greater than that of those subjected to the control, as well as an increase of 59.19% in their productivity. The use of an artificial substrate for periphytic biofilm in Nile tilapia rearing tanks favors the maintenance of the quality of the culture water, the protection of the fish against pathogens, and the improvement of the zootechnical performance of the fish.

Um biofilme perifítico formado em um cultivo de tilápias-do-nilo foi analisado para determinação quantitativa de bactérias e fungos, detecção de substâncias com ação antibacteriana e avaliação de perfis de resistência frente a antibióticos comerciais. Foi empregado o método de contagem padrão em placas por meio da técnica inoculação em profundidade para a quantificação das bactérias heterotróficas cultiváveis (BHC) e a técnica de espalhamento sobre meio de cultura para a de fungos. Investigou-se a produção de substâncias antibacterianas pela comunidade e a susceptibilidade a antibióticos de amplo espectro, ambos por meio da técnica de difusão em ágar. As concentrações de bactérias e fungos cultiváveis na comunidade de perifíton foram, respectivamente, 1,73×106 UFC/mL e 1,45×102 UFC/mL. O biofilme perifítico mostrou ação antibacteriana contra bactéria indicadora Gram positiva. Os antibióticos Cloranfenicol, Tetraciclina e Cefalotina foram eficientes contra os componentes do biofilme. Entretanto, a comunidade apresentou perfil de resistência ao Imipinem. As bactérias são os componentes dominantes no biofilme perifítico em comparação com os fungos contribuindo com a ciclagem de nutrientes e influenciando a qualidade da água de cultivo. O perifíton possui potencial biotecnológico de ação antimicrobiana.

This study aims at investigating to follow the formation and development of biofloc aggregates in a system with the introduction of an in vitro selected bacterial consortium (Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus cohnii) in order to induce fast formation of biofloc and to compare it to the development of spontaneous formation biofloc. Two experimental groups were evaluated for biofloc formation, SFT and IFT. The first refers to spontaneous (conventional) formation of the flocs and the second to induced formation (IFT), achieved through the consortium of potentially inducing bacteria. Both treatments presented a constant increase of bioflocs, however, in the IFT treatment, the microbial aggregates were larger and more uniform. By the end of the experiment, we verified that the aggregates formed in the IFT showed higher volume and lower sedimentation rate in comparison to the spontaneously formed ones. The results show that domestication in microbial communities is efficient as related to bioflocs, reducing instability during its formation and development.

ABSTRACT Fused teeth are a developmental anomaly involving the union of two dental germs at the crown, root or pulp. This type of anomaly occurs during intraosseous development, resulting in a morphologically irregular tooth that can affect both the primary and permanent dentition. Clinical problems involving esthetics, a lack of space and greater susceptibility to caries are often associated with fused teeth. This type of anomaly is easily confused with dental twinning, which has similar clinical features but emerges from a single dental germ. The aim of the present study was to report a clinical case of the fusion of two deciduous mandibular incisors, describe prospects for treating this anomaly and discuss its repercussions during the development of the dentition. Extraction of the fused tooth was performed and orthodontic treatment was recommended for esthetic and functional improvements. Integrated planning involving both Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics provided a better treatment option.

Abstract Background Few data are available regarding the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer elderly patients with anti-EGFR agents in combination with chemotherapy. FOLFOX plus panitumumab is a standard first-line option for RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Slight adjustments in chemo-dosage are commonly applied in clinical practice to elderly patients, but those modified schedules have never been prospectively tested. Clinical definition of elderly (≥70 years old) patients that may deserve a more or less intensive combination therapy is still debated. Several geriatric screening tools have been developed to predict survival and risk of toxicity from treatment. Among those, the G8 screening tool has been tested in cancer patients showing the strongest prognostic value for overall survival, while the CRASH score can stratify patients according to an estimated risk of treatment-related toxicities. Methods The PANDA study is a prospective, open-label, multicenter, randomized phase II trial of first-line therapy with panitumumab in combination with dose-adjusted FOLFOX or with 5-fluorouracil monotherapy, in previously untreated elderly patients (≥70 years) with RAS and BRAF wild-type unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer. RAS and BRAF analyses are centralized. Geriatric assessment by means of G8 and CRASH score is planned at baseline and G8 will be re-evaluated at disease progression. The primary endpoint is duration of progression-free survival in both arms. Secondary endpoints include prospective evaluation of the prognostic role of G8 score and the correlation of CRASH risk categories with toxicity. Discussion The PANDA study aims at exploring safety and efficacy of panitumumab in combination with FOLFOX or with 5FU/LV in elderly patients affected by RAS and BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer, to identify the most promising treatment strategy in this setting. Additionally, this is the first trial in which the prognostic role of the G8 score will be prospectively evaluated. Results of this study will drive further experimental developments for one or both combinations. Trial Registration PANDA is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov : NCT02904031 , July 11, 2016. PANDA is registered at EudraCT-No.: 2015–003888-10, September 3, 2015.

Homeless programs often rely on landlord engagement for successful implementation. However, there is very little research that examines landlord perspectives related to homelessness. Better understanding landlords’ opinions and attitudes regarding those experiencing homelessness can inform program development and policy in the efforts to prevent and mitigate homelessness in the U.S. A 49-question survey was created and administered by social work faculty and students to landlords and property managers throughout the Bear River Region of northern Utah (N = 134). The survey contained a variety of questions that assessed landlord attitudes and knowledge toward those experiencing homelessness as well as their comfortability in renting to these individuals. Results revealed that landlords would like to help solve homelessness in their community, but they do not know where to start. Additionally, results showed that landlords’ willingness to rent to individuals experiencing homelessness is dependent on contextual factors, such as having more information regarding the individual, their income, past rental history, and other factors. Finally, results showed that landlords had biases toward specific groups of individuals experiencing homelessness (e.g., landlords felt more comfortable renting to those with physical disabilities than those with substance misuse histories). Results are discussed in context of program, policy, and research implications.

Fire management is becoming increasingly relevant in our changing climate as fire frequency and intensity increases both on a global scale and locally in Tasmania. The distribution of fuel across the landscape has significant impacts on fire regimes, influencing connectivity and flammability of fuel load. Remote sensing techniques are often used to assess current fuel loads, but projections of future fuel distributions are necessary for longer term planning of fire management. Eucalyptus species are an important, dominant component of many Tasmanian forests, influencing fuel load and flammability. We modelled the current and future climate suitability for two Eucalyptus species (E. delegatensis and E. obliqua), using a suite of species distribution models (SDMs) and global climate models (GCMs) for mid (2041–2060) and end of century (2061–2080) time periods. The implications these changes may have for the distribution of these important fuel species in the future are discussed. All GCMs projected notable changes in potential distribution, with both species contracting substantially in some areas and E. obliqua also exhibiting considerable expansions in the west of Tasmania. On average, suitability for E. delegatensis expanded by 5% ± 1.8% (1658 km2), contracted by 67% ± 22.7% (24,591 km2) and remained unchanged in 26% ± 7.8% (8783 km2) by the end of the century. For E. obliqua suitability expanded by a much greater 17% ± 6.3% (24,398 km2), contracted by slightly less at 55% ± 16.8% (81,098 km2) and remained unchanged in 45% ± 16.8% (63,474 km2) by the end of the century. These changes in climate suitability have the potential to cause changes in the composition and structure of Tasmania’s forests, impacting fuel loads. However, the two species exhibited different responses, reflecting their current distributions and suggesting that generalisations regarding species’ responses to changing climates are not appropriate, even where the species are closely related. These results suggest that future fuel loads and flammability at the landscape scale may change, requiring longitudinal, flexible and adaptive future fire management. Assessing the specific effects of distributional changes and the mechanisms driving different responses to climate change are highlighted as further research opportunities.

This paper introduces a human posture tracking platform to identify the human postures of sitting, standing or lying down, based on a smartwatch. This work develops such a system as a proof-of-concept study to investigate a smartwatch’s ability to be used in future remote health monitoring systems and applications. This work validates the smartwatches’ ability to track the posture of users accurately in a laboratory setting while reducing the sampling rate to potentially improve battery life, the first steps in verifying that such a system would work in future clinical settings. The algorithm developed classifies the transitions between three posture states of sitting, standing and lying down, by identifying these transition movements, as well as other movements that might be mistaken for these transitions. The system is trained and developed on a Samsung Galaxy Gear smartwatch, and the algorithm was validated through a leave-one-subject-out cross-validation of 20 subjects. The system can identify the appropriate transitions at only 10 Hz with an F-score of 0.930, indicating its ability to effectively replace smart phones, if needed.

O artigo é fruto da articulação de três pesquisas de Mestrado em andamento. Trata dos Paradigmas Educacionais presentes na educação ofertada aos territórios rurais à luz dos Estudos Pós-coloniais Latino-americanos. Parte do pressuposto de que a educação ofertada aos territórios rurais não se deu de maneira uniforme, tendo sido espaço de constantes tensões paradigmáticas. Em face disto, definimos como objetivo geral: compreender os Paradigmas Educacionais presentes na educação ofertada aos territórios rurais. Para tanto nos utilizamos do ensaio biográfico através das leituras sobre Estudos Pós-coloniais Latino-americanos e Educação do Campo. Apontamos que os Paradigmas Educacionais são sustentados por cosmovisões. Nos Paradigmas coexistem conflitivamente a Colonialidade e a Decolonialidade, com possibilidades para a construção de um Paradigma Decolonial da Educação do Campo.

The Brazilian "Série A" Championship has demonstrated economic stability, especially after the implementation of the consecutive point system in 2003 and the changes made to the operational management of this competition. In face of the variables economy, market and media, we attempted to investigate how the Brazilian Football Championship is structured from a business standpoint. Our goal was to analyze the Brazilian Football Championship from an economic and financial perspective. From a methodological standpoint, we used bibliographical and documentary research. Results have shown that, together, the economy, market and media have helped to improve the business of football by increasing its value and generating revenues. They have also have developed new opportunities. Moreover, based on the football diversified entertainment system, media is the main cathaliser in the commercial feedback process system between producers and consumers.

The present work determined the effects of water with unbalanced calcium hardness/total alkalinity (CH/TA) ratio on Nile tilapia growth performance. Two unbalanced CH/TA ratios were tested for 8 weeks using one indoor system with 30 circular polyethylene 100 L tanks and one outdoor system with 36 circular polyethylene 250 L tanks. The factors and their specific levels tested were the total alkalinity of water (TA; 50 and 100 mg L-1 CaCO3) and the CH/TA ratio of water (CH/TA; 1/2, 1/1 and 5/1). In the indoor system, the 5/1 CH/TA ratio tanks had higher total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) than the 1/2 or 1/1 CH/TA ratio tanks. In the outdoor system, higher concentrations of TAN were found in the 1/2 CH/TA ratio tanks. The soil of the 5/1 CH/TA ratio indoor tanks had higher concentrations of organic carbon than the 1/2 or 1/1 CH/TA ratio tanks. The detrimental effects of the 5/1 CH/TA ratio on fish growth performance were stronger than those associated with the 1/2 CH/TA ratio. A significantly better food conversion ratio was observed in the 1/1 CH/TA ratio outdoor tanks regardless of the TA level of the water.

The following research isolated and identified the main bacterial groups present in the culture of juvenile Nile tilapia in the presence of bioflocs and/or periphyton. The strains were also tested for the production of exoenzymes, indicative of potential virulence factors, and ability to form biofilm. The water samples were taken from tilapia cultured in the presence of bioflocs (T1), in the presence of bioflocs and periphyton (T2), from traditional culture (T3) and from culture in the presence of periphyton (T4). In the growth and selection of the bacterial groups, pour plate method was used, along with the following media: Plate Count Agar (PCA - DIFCO), Aero Pseudo Selective Agar (GSP - Himedia) and Nutrient Agar (AN - Merck). 46 strains were isolated in the following distribution: T1 (n = 12); T2 (n = 10); T3 (n = 14) and T4 (n = 10). Among the isolates, the most frequent genera were: Pseudomonas spp., Aeromonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Mycobacterium spp., Micrococcus spp., and Corybacterium spp. Bacterial isolates in treatments T1 and T3 tested positive for five virulence profiles each, while those isolated from T2 and T4 for two and three virulence profiles, respectively. Treatments in bioflocs and periphyton (T2) or only periphyton (T4) yielded bacteria of less pathogenic potentials. In relation to the fish growth, T1 and T4 resulted in a higher final weight.

Ethylmalonic acid (EMA) accumulates in tissues and biological fluids of patients affected by short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (SCADD) and ethylmalonic encephalopathy, illnesses characterized by neurological and muscular symptoms. Considering that the mechanisms responsible for the brain and skeletal muscle damage in these diseases are poorly known, in the present work we investigated the effects of acute EMA administration on redox status parameters in cerebral cortex and skeletal muscle from 30-day-old rats. Animals received three subcutaneous injections of EMA (6 μmol/g; 90 min interval between injections) and were killed 1 h after the last administration. Control animals received saline in the same volumes. EMA administration significantly increased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels in cerebral cortex and skeletal muscle, indicating increased lipid peroxidation. In addition, carbonyl content was increased in EMA-treated animal skeletal muscle when compared to the saline group. EMA administration also significantly increased 2',7'-dihydrodichlorofluorescein oxidation and superoxide production (reactive species markers), and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in cerebral cortex, while glutathione levels were decreased only in skeletal muscle. On the other hand, respiratory chain complex I-III activity was altered by acute EMA administration neither in cerebral cortex nor in skeletal muscle. The present results show that acute EMA administration elicits oxidative stress in rat brain and skeletal muscle, suggesting that oxidative damage may be involved in the pathophysiology of the brain and muscle symptoms found in patients affected by SCADD and ethylmalonic encephalopathy.

So far little is known on the functional role of phosphorylation in the heat stress response of plants. Here we present evidence that heat stress activates the Arabidopsis mitogen-activated protein kinase MPK6. In vitro and in vivo evidence is provided that MPK6 specifically targets the major heat stress transcription factor HsfA2. Activation of MPK6 results in complex formation with HsfA2. MPK6 phosphorylates HsfA2 on T249 and changes its intracellular localisation. Protein kinase and phosphatase inhibitor studies indicate that HsfA2 protein stability is regulated in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, but this mechanism is independent of MPK6. Overall, our data show that heat stress-induced targeting of HsfA2 by MPK6 participates in the complex regulatory mechanism how plants respond to heat stress.