1. A bispecific IgG format containing four independent antigen binding sites
- Author
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Torbjörn Schiött, Mats Ohlin, Jessica Steppa, Monika Semmrich, Ulla Carin Tornberg, Mikael Mattsson, Ulrika Mattson, Bjorn Hambe, and Anne Ljungars
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Bispecific antibody ,Molecular biology ,Immunology ,lcsh:Medicine ,OX40 Ligand ,Plasma protein binding ,Computational biology ,Protein Engineering ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Antigen ,Antibodies, Bispecific ,Animals ,Humans ,CD40 Antigens ,lcsh:Science ,Cells, Cultured ,Cell Proliferation ,B-Lymphocytes ,Binding Sites ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Drug discovery ,Chemistry ,Immunogenicity ,lcsh:R ,Protein engineering ,Standard methods ,Antigen binding ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,Immunoglobulin G ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,lcsh:Q ,Antibody ,Protein Binding ,Signal Transduction ,Single-Chain Antibodies ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Bispecific antibodies come in many different formats, including the particularly interesting two-in-one antibodies, where one conventional IgG binds two different antigens. The IgG format allows these antibodies to mediate Fc-related functionality, and their wild-type structure ensures low immunogenicity and enables standard methods to be used for development. It is however difficult, time-consuming and costly to generate two-in-one antibodies. Herein we demonstrate a new approach to create a similar type of antibody by combining two different variable heavy (VH) domains in each Fab arm of an IgG, a tetra-VH IgG format. The VHs are used as building blocks, where one VH is placed at its usual position, and the second VH replaces the variable light (VL) domain in a conventional IgG. VH domains, binding several different types of antigens, were discovered and could be rearranged in any combination, offering a convenient “plug and play” format. The tetra-VH IgGs were found to be functionally tetravalent, binding two antigens on each arm of the IgG molecule simultaneously. This offers a new strategy to also create monospecific, tetravalent IgGs that, depending on antigen architecture and mode-of-action, may have enhanced efficacy compared to traditional bivalent antibodies.
- Published
- 2020
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