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Cancer is taken under consideration as a fatal disease. It's caused by a spread of things including unhealthy lifestyles, pollution, stress, radiation exposure, infection, tobacco consumption, and unhealthy food choices. There are several varieties of cancer that affect the chassis and their growth varies depending on the type. Cancer could be a major reason for death after a heart condition. There are 10 million new cases of cancer and approximately 5 million deaths in 2020 were caused by cancer (World Health Organization, 2018)1, and deaths from cancer worldwide are projected to still rise to over 20 million by 2025 (Stewart and Wild. 2014)2. There are several intervention modes to treat cancer patients. Besides medical intervention, there are prominent psychosocial concerns that have a very noticeable impact on intervention in the case of cancer patients. Cancer treatment facilities in India have incorporated psychosocial services into cancer care by routinely assessing patients' levels of distress. For that Music therapy can improve their quality of life by addressing the emotional, spiritual, and physical needs that will arise during this point. Furthermore, music therapy also can be applied to assist relationships throughout the grieving process by providing comfort, continuity, and opportunities for specific feelings of loss (Rossetti et al., 2017)3. Hence, there's a greater need and justification for exploring the scope of using music therapy with cancer patients, especially in low-income countries, including India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a comparative study of the physical properties of a homogeneous sample of 144 Narrow line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) and 117 Broad-line Seyfert 1 (BLSy1) galaxies. These two samples are in a similar luminosity and redshift range and have optical spectra available in the 16 th data release of Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR16) and X-ray spectra in either XMM-NEWTON or ROSAT. Direct correlation analysis and a principal component analysis (PCA) have been performed using ten observational and physical parameters obtained by fitting the optical spectra and the soft X-ray photon indices as another parameter. We confirm that the established correlations for the general quasar population hold for both types of galaxies in this sample despite significant differences in the physical properties. We characterize the sample also using the line shape parameters, namely the asymmetry and kurtosis indices. We find that the fraction of NLSy1 galaxies showing outflow signatures, characterized by blue asymmetries, is higher by a factor of about 3 compared to the corresponding fraction in BLSy1 galaxies. The presence of high iron content in the broad-line region of NLSy1 galaxies in conjunction with higher Eddington ratios can be the possible reason behind this phenomenon. We also explore the possibility of using asymmetry in the emission lines as a tracer of outflows in the inner regions of Active Galactic Nuclei. The PCA results point to the NLSy1 and BLSy1 galaxies occupying different parameter spaces, which challenges the notion that NLSy1 galaxies are a subclass of BLSy1 galaxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parkinson’s disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease among the elderly population due to its progressive nature. Dysphagia is termed as a difficulty of swallowing which is a delay in, or misdirection of, fluid or solid food bolus as it moves from the mouth to the stomach. Swallowing difficulty can occur at the oral stage or pharyngeal stage in Parkinson’s disease. Aim: To study swallowing dysfunction and further, its impact on quality of life with respect to the perception of the patient and caregivers. Method: Ten participants were recruited in the study within the age range of 40 to 80 years having varying etiology, type and severity of dysphagia. Participants diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease by medical professionals were included in the study. Results and discussion: The observed result enabled a finer comprehension of the influence of Parkinson’s disease on the quality of life in individuals with Parkinson’s disease and their caregivers. Parkinson’s disease needs to be effectively managed to reduce the impact of disease and improve their overall quality of life. Summary and Conclusion: It is necessary to take forward efforts so that individual with Parkinson’s disease and their families can better exist with the disease as well as for the better understanding of each other’s view. Thus, individuals with Parkinson’s Disease and their caregivers should focus on improving the quality of life with the consequent reduction of the impact of the disease and this can be achieved under the vicinity of the Speech Language Pathologist, so that the care provided including guidance and information regarding the disease corresponds to the real needs of the patients and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning disability refers to delays, deviations and performances discrepancies in the basic academic subjects e.g., arithmetic, reading, writing, spelling as well as speech and cannot be attributed to mental retardation, sensory deficits, or emotional disturbances or learning disabilities. It is general educational term- an umbrella label- that includes a variety of different conditions. Unfortunately, most of these children are never identified as learning disabled. Due to lack of awareness among teachers, parents and school authorities, these children are usually labeled as slow, behind, incapable and failures. The objective of this study is to assess current knowledge level of elementary school teachers regarding learning disabilities. For this purpose, test of awareness regarding learning disability among school teachers has developed which helps to access the current knowledge level of school teachers. The lack of awareness among the general public as well as educators and officials in the education department is the first problem that needs to be addressed. The findings of the study concluded that the teachers had a meager knowledge about learning disability. It has been recommended that orientation programmes and workshops need to be conducted so that they can diagnose the problem of these children and intervene accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) comprise a group of neurodevelopmental abnormalities that begin in early childhood and are characterized by impairment of social communication and behavioral problems including restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. Several genes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ASD, most of them are involved in neuronal synaptogenesis. Autism is a very rare diagnosis, hence an underdiagnosed condition in clinical practice. It is a condition in which patients, severe speech and language impairement. These patients, on clinical testing, are found to have normal IQ. Unlike space occupying lesions, radiologic evaluation, hearing evaluation reveals normal results. Patients with autism require a different management approach to their speech-language and cognition problems. The management approach included the following; speechtherapy, occupational therapy & psychological counselling etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The established role of caregivers is to be there for their loved one in their hard times and be able to provide for their specific needs. The task is such a tedious process that it may deplete whole lot of resources of the caregiver in every aspect like physical, emotional, financial and social. The literature aims to point out at the psychological hardships a caretaker goes through while looking after the patient, which includes, depression, anxiety, stress and so on. Lack of proper knowledge with the caregivers often leads to mismanaged guardianship which increases their stress and leaves them in despair. Hence, interventions like psycho education training and Traditional Cognitive Behaviour Therapy are being carried out to help the caregivers. Literature suggests that, Psycho education training shave empowered the lives of caregivers and 8 weeks of Traditional Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Sessions have relieved the caregivers partially from stress, anxiety and depression. Though the aim of this research is to introduce a new intervention as an aid to the caregivers which is called the fourth wave of CBT, i.e., Positive Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. The biggest gaps evident from the literature are that positive CBT hasn't been used yet. It is believed that this therapy would help caregivers not only reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress but would be a positive reinforcement to their well-being. Positive Cognitive Behaviour Therapy aims at helping individual's builda more ideal future for them, where they would likely be happy to see themselves. As Bannink believes that the aim of therapy should not only be reduction of symptoms but making clients work towards a brighter future which reduces the rate of relapse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports linguistics problems in an essay writing by ESL undergraduate students. This study used content analysis design assigning 10 essay writing manuscripts for analysis. The 10 essays available for writing assignment were used as data sources. The study revealed that: linguistics problems appeared in terms of: syntax, sentence, grammar, tenses, and agreements. Essentially, the linguistic features in writing cover mastery on the rules of grammar. Four aspects of linguistic features are: syntax, grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics. Sentence problems, i.e. fragment, choppy, run-on, and stringy sentences, that is usually integral to syntactic and grammar problems are introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]