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Common in Fungal Extracellular Membrane (CFEM) domains are uniquely found in fungal extracellular membrane proteins which are important for pathogens. This study identified 13 StCFEM proteins in the genome of Setosphaeria turcica, the hemibiotrophic fungus that causes northern corn leaf blight. Sequence alignment and WebLogo analysis of their CFEM domains indicated that the amino acids were highly conserved and that, with the exception of StCFEM1, 2, 3, and 6, they contained eight cysteines. Phylogenic analysis suggested that these 13 proteins (StCFEM1–13) could be divided into 2 clades based on the presence of the trans-membrane domain. Six StCFEM proteins with a signal peptide and without a trans-membrane domain were considered as candidate effector proteins. The CFEM domain in the candidate effector proteins could form a helical-basket structure homologous to Csa2 in Candida albicans. Transcriptome analysis suggested that the 13 genes were expressed during fungal infection and a yeast secretion assay revealed that these candidate effectors were secreted proteins. It was also found that StCFEM3, 4, and 5 couldn't affect BAX/INF1-induced programmed cell death (PCD) in Nicotiana benthamiana and while StCFEM12 could suppress INF1-induced PCD, it showed no effect on BAX-induced PCD. This study found that there were 13 members of the S. turcica CFEM protein family and that StCFEM12 was a candidate effector. This study laid the foundation for illustrating the roles of CFEM proteins during the pathogenic processes of phytopathogens.

The irradiance of powered polymerisation activators for chairside use affects composite resin adhesive curing during the restorative process, whereas radiant accumulated temperature rise relates to clinical safety. Irradiance reduction and high radiant accumulated temperature will compromise the treatment results as there is a lack of curing output efficacy and safety awareness for powered polymerisation activators. Insufficient attention has been paid to the activator's quality control, irradiance attenuation and radiant accumulated temperature excessive temperature rise during its lifetime. The present manuscript has been drafted by the Society of Dental Equipment, Chinese Stomatological Association to fill the quality control gap and guide the quality control process, following tested steps, using a metered radiometer and a thermometer to record the irradiance and radiant accumulated temperature separately. The testing result may indicate the equipment's situation in service and provide information about the irradiance values and performance of the powered polymerisation activator for its usage and maintenance.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of serum containing ginseng and Moutan Cortex on human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) injured with hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2). HUVEC injured with H_2O_2 were divided into 6 groups, namely blank group, model group, ginsenoside(TGG) group, total glucosides of Moutan Cortex(TGM) group, paeonol(P) group and TGG+TGM+P group. After 24 hours of co-culture with H_2O_2, the activities of succinate dehydrogenase(SDH) and Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)-ATP were detected by microenzyme labeling. The apoptosis rate, intracellular Ca~(2+) concentration, reactive oxygen species(ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential(JC-1) were detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome C, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by Western blot. The results showed that H_2O_2 could significantly damage HUVEC, decrease the activity of SDH and Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)-ATP(Plt;0.01), while could increase the apoptosis+necrosis rate, JC-1 decline rate, ROS increase rate and Ca~(2+) concentration increase rate(Plt;0.01). Serum containing ginseng and Moutan Cortex could increase the activities of SDH and Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)-ATP to different degrees, decrease the apoptosis+necrosis rate, JC-1 decline rate, ROS increase rate and Ca~(2+) concentration increase rate(Plt;0.05 or Plt;0.01), and down-regulate the protein expressions of Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, cytochrome C, and up-regulate the protein expression of Bcl-2. The results showed that serum containing ginseng and Moutan Cortex has a protective effect on vascular endothelial cell injury induced by ROS, and its mechanism may be related to the improvement of mitochondrial function and the inhibition of the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Two new polyoxy steroidal glycosides, named as 11- O

The benthic animal community was examinesd in Danshui River of Dongjiang in November 2013. The river health evaluation system was established, a more comprehensive evaluation of Dongjiang water quality, for the reference in chemical pollutants control and administration.

This paper introduces four kinds of orthorectification algorithms, such as polynomial correction method, collinear equation correction method, neural network correction method and rational function model correction method. On the basis of introducing the principle of the above methods, the advantages and disadvantages of different orthorectification methods are summarized. Finally, the multispectral and full-color image data of the GF-1 satellite are processed by using the rational function model correction method. The results show that orthorectification can eliminate the distortion caused by various factors in the process of remote sensing image, and can make full use of the data resources obtained by satellite to provide information service for land resources management.

Perovskite Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3nanocubes with a hollow structure were prepared by molten hydrated salt method at 180 °C for 15 h, using Ba (OH)2·8H2O, Sr (OH)2·8H2O and anatase-TiO2as raw materials without any additive or template. The phase composition, morphology and microstructure of the products were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and HRTEM. The XRD result indicates that the products are phase pure cubic Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3, with the calculated unit cella=0.3965 nm. The SEM, TEM and HRTEM results show that the products with polycrystalline structure are composed of the hollow nanocubes whose average edge length is about 180 nm, and their morphologies are greatly influenced by reaction temperature and reaction time. In addition, the formation mechanism of the hollow nanocubes also was discussed.

For the optimization of WSN coverage, this paper proposes a coverage optimization approach: Adaptive Disturbance Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization, referred as ADCPSO. Based on the effective coverage of the network as the optimization goal, the method first conducts adaptive operation on the particles. Introducing perturbations factor and making particles trapped into local optimum quickly jump out, this method then use the randomness and the ergodicity of chaotic motion, to make local fine search. This effectively avoids particles’ “being premature” and improves the accuracy of the algorithm. The simulation results show that the ADCPSO algorithm can get better coverage.

To determine the effects of dietary selenium (Se) supplementary on muscle superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, oriental river prawn, Neocaridina heteropoda were exposed to sodium polyphosphate. For each concentration , the shrimps were grouped into control diet group, inorganic Se group and organic Se group. For each concentration, the order of total SOD activities were organic Se diet group > inorganic Se diet group > control diet group. With the increasing concentrations of sodium polyphosphate, the total SOD activities increased first and then decreased dramatically. This study indicated that Se supplementary in diet could enhance the resistance of shrimps against low concentrations of ambient Sodium polyphosphate.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed type of cancer all over the world. Angiogenesis, a physiological or pathological process characterized by the sprouting of new blood vessels from existing vessels, plays a vital role in tumor nutrition. In this work, we used JSI-124 (Cucurbitacin I), a selective JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway inhibitor, to investigate the role of STAT3 in tumor angiogenesis of a human BC cell line in vitro. JSI-124 inhibited cell viability, proliferation, adhesion, migration and tube formation of a human BC cell line MDA-MB-468. After transfection with pMXs-Stat3C, a dominant active mutant, the inhibitory effects of JSI-124 on MDA-MB-468 were abolished. Furthermore, JSI-124 reduced the phosphorylation of STAT3. These results suggested that JSI-124 inhibited tumor angiogenesis of the human BC cell line in vitro through the reduction of STAT3 phosphorylation. In addition, JSI-124 could reduce VEGF transcription and secretion, suggesting that JSI-124 is also involved in the inhibition of the VEGF autocrine loop in the tumor microenvironment.

Based on radar system function module 04-combination as the research object, this paper expatiates the establish process of the cross-neural network module of this module electromagnetic pulse action particularly, and designs evaluate system of this kind of electron system electromagnetic pulse effect, using the detailed process that BP-RBF cross neural network evaluation algorithm predicts this module. Finally, according to the evaluate experiment of 08- combination testing the effect of this evaluate system, results indicate that it is feasible that using this evaluate system evaluates electromagnetic pulse effect of electronic system.

On the basis of the vehicle license plate location, an image grey vertical projection segmentation approach based on the distribution character segmentation is proposed in this paper. A two-stage approach consisting of coarse and accurate segmentation is adopted. It can increase the accuracy of the segmentation and has good segmentation speed. And in recognition process, character features are extracted from character segmentation results, in order to identify character exactly, an improved template matching method is used to character recognition. Experimental results show that character segmentation method is efficient and quick and recognition algorithm is applicable.

This paper briefly introduces the recognition process on palm shape and mainly introduces feature parameter extraction process on palm shape. By statistic experiment eight feature parameters are extracted from many parameters of palm shape. They are the length of pinkie, the length of ring finger, the length of middle finger, the length of forefinger, the length of thumb, the width of ring finger, the width of middle finger, the width of palm. Experiment indicates that using these eight feature parameters to identify palm can reach high veracity and rapidity.

To study the bioactive constituents from leaves of Rubus suavissimus S. Lee.Column chromatography with silic gel was employed to isolate and purify the constituents. Their structures were elucidated by means of IR, MS, NMR and chemical methods respectively.Two consituents were obtained, which were elucidated as ent-13-hydroxy-kauran-16-en-19-oic acid (I), ent-kaura-16-en-19-oic-13-O-beta-D-glucoside (II), respectively.Compound II was seperated from Rubus suavissimus S. Lee for the first time.