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• Fluorine 18 fibroblast activation protein inhibitor PET/CT imaging was performed for multisystemic tuberculosis. • Fibrosis in granulomas may lead to increased fluorine 18 fibroblast activation protein inhibitor activity in multisystemic tuberculosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As far as we know, there have been no studies exploring the association between maternal sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure and the risk of hypospadias in offspring. We aimed to evaluate this association during the 3 months before conception and the first trimester. A population‐based case–control study was conducted in male infants, consisting of 348 cases of hypospadias and 4023 controls. Maternal exposure to SO2, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤10 μm (PM10), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was assessed by averaging the concentrations recorded at all stations in the mother's city of residence. Air pollutants were tested for multicollinearity using variance inflation factor analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multivariable logistic regression models. SO2 exposure during the 3 months before conception was significantly associated with the risk of hypospadias (highest tertile: OR = 7.40, 95% CI: 3.54–15.62). When focusing on shorter exposure windows, similar associations were observed for SO2 exposure in the first and second month before and the first month after conception. In conclusion, maternal exposure to SO2 during the 3 months before and the first and second months after conception may increase the risk of hypospadias in offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hami in Xinjiang is one of China's comprehensive energy bases. However, in recent years, this region has been plagued by some problems affecting the development of the energy industry. For example, wind and solar power generation is facing serious curtailment. The region is also characterized by significant pollution because of the coal chemical industry. Hydrogen energy storage has wide application potential and has become a hot research topic in the field. Building a hybrid pluripotent coupling system with wind power, photovoltaic (PV) power, and hydrogen energy storage for the coal chemical industry is an effective way to solve the above-mentioned problems. In this paper, a hybrid multi-energy coupling system is established, which includes a wind energy and PV complementary system, power distribution system, hydrogen energy storage system, gas distribution system, coal chemical industry system, waste heat utilization system, and methanol, O2, and H2 hybrid power generation system. Based on the wind and solar energy resources in Hami, the optimization model of the wind and solar power system is established. The hydrogen energy storage system model is obtained using energetic macroscopic representation. Finally, the economic performance of the system is studied. Results show that the integrated system of wind power, solar power, PV power, and hydrogen energy storage for the coal chemical industry can meet the current situation of China's energy development. The system can also make full use of new energy sources, such as wind power, PV energy, and other forms of energy, thereby reducing the environmental pollution caused by the coal chemical industry and minimizing the industry's ecological impact. In addition, hydrogen energy storage can also be applied to the new energy automotive industry. The findings of this study are of great strategic significance to China's energy system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is no epidemiological evidence on the effects of maternal exposure to ambient particulate matter 10 μm or less in diameter (PM 10) and anencephaly risk in offspring. We conducted a population-based case-control study in Liaoning Province, China. The case group consisted of 663 cases with anencephaly and the control group consisted of 7950 healthy infants from the Maternal and Child Health Certificate Registry of Liaoning Province that were born between 2010 and 2015. Daily PM 10 concentrations were obtained from 77 monitoring stations located within the study area. A multivariable logistic regression model was established to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Maternal PM 10 exposure was significantly associated with an increased risk of anencephaly at three months before conception (highest versus lowest tertile: OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.29–2.34; per 10 μg/m3 increment: OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06–1.20) and three months after conception (highest versus lowest tertile: OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.44–2.60; per 10 μg/m3 increment: OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.95–1.08). The evaluation of shorter exposure windows revealed similar associations for PM 10 exposure from the third month before pregnancy to the third month after pregnancy. Maternal PM 10 exposure is positively associated with anencephaly risk during the critical period of neural system development. • There is no epidemiological evidence of maternal exposure to PM 10 and anencephaly risk. • Maternal exposure to PM 10 before and after pregnancy increases anencephaly risk. • Environmental health policies and actions should be adopted to reduce PM 10 emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of studies on air pollution with birth defects as the primary outcome has increased dramatically over the past two decades, but the potential role of specific air pollutants in congenital limb anomalies remains unclear. To evaluate associations between preconception and first-trimester PM 10 exposure and polydactyly and syndactyly in a population-based case-control study. Polydactyly cases (n = 2605), syndactyly cases (n = 595), and controls without any birth defects (n = 7950) born between 2010 and 2015 were selected from the Maternal and Child Health Certificate Registry of Liaoning Province. The monthly mean PM 10 concentrations were obtained from 75 air monitoring stations, and the exposure assessment was based on the mean concentration of all stations in mother's residential city. A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). PM 10 exposure was positively associated with the risks of polydactyly (preconception: aOR T3 vs. T1 = 1.95, 95% CI 1.56–2.45, aOR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.10 [per 10-μg/m3 increment]; first-trimester: aOR T3 vs. T1 = 2.51, 95% CI 2.00–3.15) and syndactyly (preconception: aOR T3 vs. T1 = 2.86, 95% CI 1.98–4.13, aOR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.20 [per 10-μg/m3 increment]; first-trimester: aOR T3 vs. T1 = 3.10, 95% CI 2.11–4.56). Analyses based on single month exposure windows basically showed similar positive associations. Additionally, these findings were robust in sensitivity analyses and broadly consistent across subgroups. Our study suggest that preconception and first-trimester PM 10 exposures are related to increased risks of polydactyly and syndactyly. • This is the largest population-based case-control study investigat associations between PM 10 and polydactyly/syndactyly. • Preconception and first-trimester PM 10 exposure may increase risks of polydactyly/syndactyly in offspring. • Gravidae should be encouraged to take protective measures against air pollution as early as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The potential association between maternal exposure to ambient PM10 and offspring neural tube defects (NTDs) is a contentious issue. This study aims to evaluate the aforementioned association at a provincial level in China.Methods: A total of 2736 cases and 7950 randomly selected healthy infants included in the Maternal and Child Health Certificate Registry of Liaoning Province and delivered between 2010 and 2015 were recruited. Daily PM10 concentrations were obtained from all available monitoring stations located within the study area. A multivariable logistic regression model was established to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: PM10 exposure was significantly associated with the risk of NTDs during the three months preconception (per 10 μg/m3 increment: OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.07-1.14; per standard deviation [27 μg/m3] increment: OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.18-1.41; highest tertile: OR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.37-1.91) and the first trimester (highest tertile: OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.31-1.87). When focusing on shorter exposure windows, similar associations were observed for PM10 exposure from the third month before pregnancy to the third month after pregnancy. Sensitivity analyses using propensity score matching yielded consistent findings.Conclusions: Maternal exposure to PM10 is positively associated with NTDs during the critical period of fetal neural tube development. However, due to the limitation of the exposure assessment as well as potential residual confounding, further research is warranted to confirm our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]