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Multiple primary cancers are of rare occurrence. Most multiple primary cancers are metachronous multiple primary cancers, while simultaneous multiple primary cancers are rare. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are rare. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor occurs most frequently in children and young adults. Herein, we report a rare case of simultaneous multiple primary cancers and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. A 44-year-old woman was admitted for a breast mass evaluation. The patient was positive for antinuclear, anti-mitochondrial, and anti-RO52 antibodies. Breast magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right breast mass. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, modified radical mastectomy was performed. Postoperative histopathology revealed an invasive ductal carcinoma. Two months later, computed tomography revealed a nodule in the right upper lobe and ground-glass opacity in the lower lobe of the lungs. Lobectomy and lobe biopsy were performed. Postoperative histopathology revealed that the mass in the right upper lobe was an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and the right lower lobe lesion was an invasive adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry of the inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor revealed negativity for anaplastic lymphoma kinase. At the 4-month follow-up, the patient showed good recovery. The etiology of multiple primary cancers and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors is still unknown; in this case, we believe that autoimmune factors are the main cause of multiple primary cancers with concomitant inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Tissue biopsy is needed to ensure correct diagnosis of multiple primary cancers and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Surgery-based comprehensive therapy is recommended. The prognosis is favorable and regular follow-up is necessary.

More variable or extreme rainfall caused by global climate change is likely to cause much uncertainty in soil erosion. Exploring the effects of changes in the timing and magnitude of rainfall erosivity on soil erosion allows to better understand the sensitivity of soil erosion to rainfall. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between the periodicity of soil and water loss and erosion-sensitive periods based on the temporal distributions of rainfall erosivity in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China. A daily rainfall erosivity model and field runoff plot monitoring were used to achieve these goals. We found that extreme rainfall has a great effect on the distributions of rainfall erosivity. The average annual erosive rainfall frequency accounts for only 21.2% of the average annual total rainfall frequency, but the average annual erosive rainfall amount accounts for 70.4% of the average annual total rainfall amount. The monthly runoff yields and sediment yields show synchronization with variations in rainfall erosivity to some extent, but the former are closer to the changes in monthly rainfall erosivity. The annual runoff yields and soil loss rates do not show synchronization, but the changes in annual soil loss rates are closer to the interannual variations of rainfall erosivity. The annual soil erosion in the study area can be divided into three periods, namely, highly sensitive periods, moderately sensitive periods and slightly sensitive periods, which indicate the erosion risks from high to low, respectively. Additionally, low vegetation coverage in highly sensitive periods and human activities in moderately sensitive periods can aggravate soil erosion.

Decreases in the water retention function of various artificial disturbed landform units (DLUs) caused by urbanization activities, compared to original landform units (OLUs), are the main factor that causes urban water and soil loss and the aggravation of urban floods under certain rainfall conditions and specially designed drainage network capabilities. Field investigations, laboratorial analyses of soil physical properties and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) composite methods were performed to comprehensively analyse the effects of various DLUs on the water retention function of OLUs. The results indicated as the following: (і) The > 5 mm particle content (> 54%) for various DLUs was higher than that for OLUs (lower than 3%); the natural repose angles of soil-rock mixtures (32–37°) and soil bulk density (1.41–1.74 g/cm3) in the DLUs were all higher than those in the OLUs (30–31°, 1.18–1.14 g/cm3); and the uniformity coefficients and curvature coefficients were 10.00–80.00 and 3.24–5.70 in the DLUs and 6.00–75.00 and 0.17–2.50 in the OLUs, respectively. (ii) The soil steady state infiltration rate in the DLUs decreased from disturbed soil accumulation with 2 months (DSA2m, 15.00 mm/min) to disturbed soil accumulation with 2 years (DSA2a, 5.63 mm/min), disturbed soil accumulation with 4 years (DSA4a, 3.82 mm/min), the slope greening belt (SGB, 1.24 mm/min), and construction roads (CR, 0.51 mm/min). The conversion from forests to DSA2m had the greatest impact on the soil infiltration capacity and soil storage capacity, while the conversion to CR had the lowest impact. (iii) The total reservoir storage in the DLUs' soil was ordered as follows: DSA4a > SGB > DSA2a > DSA2m > CR. The conversion process from grass to CR exerted the greatest impact on storing water and regulating the overland flow. (iv) The water retention functions in the DLUs were all weaker than those in the OLUs: DSA2m was the weakest (0.287), while paddy fields were the strongest (0.668). Thus, the occupied areas of urban water surfaces (e.g., lakes, rivers and ponds), forests and grassland and their spatial distribution during urbanization must be carefully considered. These results could help to understand the ecological service functions of urban soil and water conservation, provide relevant knowledge to landscape rehabilitation, alleviate urban floods during urban development and recover the functions of soil and water conservation ecological services in project areas during the urbanization construction process.

Eye tracking technology has attracted more and more attention at home and abroad, becomes a hot topic in many disciplines. The part pupil tracking is very important. As the primary means of dealing with nonlinear and non-Gaussian filtering problem, Particle Filter has overcame the Kalman Filters's defects, it has no distribution limit to process noise and observation noise. While SIR (Sequential Importance Resampling) sampling method can eliminate particle degradation in the traditional particle filter. In this paper, we track the pupil by Particle Filter based on SIR. Experiments show that the method can be accurate and real-time to track the pupil, and it has high value of research and application.