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Phase engineering is a critical strategy in electrocatalysis, as it allows for the modulation of electronic, geometric, and chemical properties to directly influence the catalytic performance. Despite its potential, phase engineering remains particularly challenging in thermodynamically stable perovskites, especially in a 2D structure constraint. Herein, we report phase engineering in 2D LaNiO3 perovskite using the strongly non‐equilibrium microwave shock method. This approach enables the synthesis of conventional hexagonal and unconventional trigonal and cubic phases in LaNiO3 by inducing selective phase transitions at designed temperatures, followed by rapid quenching to allow precise phase control while preserving the 2D porous structure. These phase transitions induce structural distortions in the [LaO]+ layers and the hybridization between Ni 3d and O 2p states, modifying local charge distribution and enhancing electron transport during the six‐electron urea oxidation process (UOR). The cubic LaNiO3 offers optimal electron transport and active site accessibility due to its high structural symmetry and open interlayer spacing, resulting in a low onset potential of 1.27 V and a Tafel slope of 33.1 mV dec−1 for UOR, outperforming most current catalysts. Our strategy features high designability in phase engineering, enabling various electrocatalysts to harness the power of unconventional phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rational and well‐structured construction of electrocatalysts with exceptional catalytic activity and adsorption capability is essential for effectively addressing the challenges faced by lithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs). In this paper, the synergistic effect of spatial confinement design and doping engineering‐induced electronic‐state modulation is leveraged to suppress the shuttle effect, and high‐efficiency catalysis for polysulfide conversion is achieved. The Ni‐doped CoSe2 nanoparticles are in situ formed on a 3D MXene hollow microsphere via self‐assembly and selenization strategies. The hollow structure provides spatial confinement and serves as a physical barrier, mitigating the polysulfide shuttle while the prevention of MXene self‐stacking ensures maximal exposure of the Ni‐CoSe2 nanoparticles to provide additional active sites and enhances their adsorption properties. These findings are corroborated by electrochemical experiments and in situ XRD analysis, demonstrating significantly improved rate capabilities and cycling stability of LSBs utilizing the functional electrocatalyst. This study presents a valuable pathway for exploiting the synergistic effect of structural construction and electronic‐state modulation to develop high‐performance LSBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of interference electric stimulation at Baliao and Dachangshu acupoints combined with mosapride on constipation patients with diabetes.MethodsA total of 40 constipation patients with diabetes in the outpatient department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from January 2018 to December 2019 were randomly assigned to the control group and the observation group, with 20 cases in each group. The control group was treated with oral mosapride plus lifestyle intervention, and Mosapride was given orally five mg a time, three times a day, continuous treatment for two weeks. The observation group received interference electric stimulation at Baliao and Dachangshu acupoints on the basis of oral mosapride and lifestyle intervention. The frequency was (4 000±100) Hz, and the intensity was subject to the patient's tolerance, 20 minutes each time, once a day, continuous treatment for two weeks. Before and after treatment, the surface electromyography (EMG) of pelvic floor muscle was measured by multifunctional biological stimulation feedback instrument, the pelvic floor muscle strength was evaluated by Laycock score system, the quality of life of patients was evaluated by the MOS item short from health survey (SF-36), the constipation symptoms were evaluated by constipation symptom score scale, and the clinical effects of two groups were compared.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the scores of pelvic floor surface EMG, pelvic floor muscle strength and quality of life between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). ① Pelvic floor electromyography: compared with that before treatment, the Pre baseline resting EMG and Post baseline resting EMG were decreased significantly (PPPPPPPPPPP

As a sustainable and ecological dye resource, the biomass materials are receiving more and more attention. In this work, the pigments in Cordyceps militaris were extracted and applied for dyeing wool fabrics, and the various properties were investigated. The extracted pigments and dyed wool fibers were analyzed and characterized by ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The single-factor experiments were used to screen and optimize the dyeing process. Six metal mordants with different use order were compared with each other, and their possible mordanting mechanisms were proposed. The color fastnesses, UV resistance and antioxidant properties were evaluated after dyeing. The results showed that UV-Vis, LC-MS and FTIR analysis confirmed that the main components of C. militaris extract was lutein. The optimal dyeing process for the extract was as follows: dyestuff mass 200% (o.m.f.), dyeing temperature 90 °C, dyeing time 45 min, bath pH 5.0, Na2SO4 mass 0 g/L. Metal ions are added to form chelate bonds between the dyes and the fibers, further improving the color fastness. The dyed fabric exhibits excellent UV resistance and its UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) value increases with the color yield. Meanwhile, the dyed wool fabric could exhibit up to 94.77% antioxidant activity. These results provide new insight for the application of C. militaris pigments on wool fabric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ink-jet-printed silk, a premium textile material, was achieved by utilizing a bio-based gardenia blue dye. However, the sharpness of the printing pattern is difficult to control due to the limited water-retention capacity of silk. To address this issue, three polysaccharide derivatives, namely, sodium alginate (SA), low-viscosity hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC-I), and high-viscosity hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC-II), were employed as thickeners to modify the silk by the dipping–padding method. Firstly, the preparation of the gardenia blue ink and the rheology assessment of the thickener solution were conducted. Furthermore, the impacts of different thickeners on the micro-morphology, element composition, and hydrophilicity of the silk, along with the wetting behavior of the ink on the silk, were analyzed comparatively in order to identify an appropriate thickener for preserving pattern outlines. Lastly, the color features, color fastness, and wearing characteristics of the printed silk were discussed to evaluate the overall printing quality. Research results showed that the optimized ink formulation, comprising 12% gardenia blue, 21% alcohols, and 5.5% surfactant, met the requirements for ink-jet printing (with a viscosity of 4.48 mPa·s, a surface tension of 34.12 mN/m, and a particle size of 153 nm). The HPMC-II solution exhibited prominent shear-thinning behavior, high elasticity, and thixotropy, facilitating the achievement of an even modification effect. The treatment of the silk with HPMC-II resulted in the most notable decrease in hydrophilicity. This can be attributed to the presence of filled gaps and a dense film on the fibers' surface after the HPMC-II treatment, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the HPMC-II treatment introduced the highest content of hydrophobic groups on the fiber surface. The reduced hydrophilicity inhibited the excessive diffusion and penetration of gardenia blue ink, contributing to a distinct printing image and enhanced apparent color depth. Moreover, the printed silk demonstrated qualified color fastness to rubbing and soaping (exceeding grade four), a soft handle feeling, an ignorable strength loss (below 5%), and a favorable air/moisture penetrability. In general, the surface modification with the HPMC-II treatment has been proven as an effective strategy for upgrading the image quality of bio-based dye-printed silk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]