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Aim. Midwives are prone to suboptimal health status (SHS), while there is a lack of unified measurement standard of SHS for them to early detect and prevent SHS. This study aimed to evaluate validity and reliability of Subhealth Measurement Scale V1.0 (SHMS V1.0) in midwives. Design and Methods. The cross-sectional study had 842 midwives from 46 midwifery institutions in southeastern China completing the SHMS V1.0 with 39 items. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity of SHMS V1.0 were assessed. Project analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to assess construct validity. Results. SHMS V1.0 had acceptable reliability with Cronbach's alpha and a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.908 and 0.804, respectively. The correlation coefficients between each item and corresponding dimension and those between dimension and corresponding subscale were all greater than 0.4. The CFA supported the structure of SHMS V1.0 with strong factor loadings and excellent fit indexes in the first-order and modified second-order factor model, illustrating that SHMS V1.0 had good construct validity among midwives. The concurrent validity for SHMS V1.0 showed large correlation with FS-14, but the social subscale showed medium correlations with fatigue, inferring that SHMS V1.0 can more comprehensively reflect SHS of midwives than FS-14, especially for social health symptoms. Practice Implications. SHMS V1.0 with excellent psychometric properties can accurately and reliably evaluate the SHS of midwives. These findings of our study provide an important measurement tool and inspiration for midwives to early detect and prevent SHS., Author(s): Xiao-Qian Chen [1,2]; Xiu-Min Jiang (corresponding author) [1]; Qing-Xiang Zheng [1,2]; Xin-Xin Huang [1]; Gui-Hua Liu [1]; Yu-Qing Pan [1,2]; Yan Bian [1] 1. Introduction As an integral part [...]

We aimed to assess the feeding pattern and influencing factors within six weeks postpartum on exclusive breastfeeding duration among Chinese mothers. This study was conducted using 2:1 matched case-control study. Cases and controls were matched for maternal age, parity and mode of birth. A total of 210 women were included. Approximately 67.9% of women stopped exclusive breastfeeding within the first six weeks postpartum. Maternal non-exclusive breastfeeding intention, lower maternal educational level, mother-infant skin to skin contact over one hour, unsatisfied breastfeeding self-evaluation and maternal unhealthy condition within the first six weeks were risk factors for ceasing exclusive breastfeeding early. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Government micro-blog is a new mode for public service, and Chinese government microblog has gradually formed three modes in the development process. The further development of government microblogs should move towards popularizing the correct operational concepts, improving the public servants' literacy of new media, making clear the functions of various government microblogs, establishing a comprehensive system of government microblog opening, certification, organizational management as well as information release, constructing a scientific operational system and management team, providing one-stop service by unifying the information platforms of government microblogs and integrating the online resources to realize the coordination of online and offline social management, establishing a monitoring mechanism by a third party, and setting up a scientific and reasonable system of performance incentive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of the market economy, the defects of the counties under the administration of a city becomes increasingly clear. Then, the counties direct under the province becomes the trend of institutional reform, which is beneficial to reducing the administrative hierarch and administrative cost especially the economic development in counties. However, such an institutional reform is so complex that many obstacles will happen to it, such as the management fields and possible crisis of regional product supply. It is necessary to find out a way to realize the reform via analyzing various obstacles comprehensively, thus framing a local administration operating system that should be in conformity to China's actual conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continuous, momentum, energy, voltage and electrochemistry equations of molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) were described. The computation fluid dynamics (CFD) method was presented to simulate the output performance of MCFC numerically, such as some important parameter distributions of temperature, power and current density etc. Comparing the numerical results of the distributions of temperature with the experimental data in a kW class stack, it shows the good agreement and proves the higher reliability of the numerical model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The openness of governmental information is of crucial importance to a government when facing an emergency or an event that will lead to serious consequence and going to deal with it. If the openness comes true, a government will do better in keeping social order and safeguarding public security, guaranteeing people's right to information, containing effectively the rumor spreading and, eventually molding the public image for itself. Nowadays the governments at different levels in China have made progress to a certain extent in this regard though some problems are still to be solved urgently, such as that some governments are reluctant to play the role of source in information opening, no sufficient supports given from legal system, lack of authorized department to release the information on emergencies, improper information control system for emergencies and, especially, the media often play the part instead of a government spokesman to release news/information on emergencies. To solve those problems, it is necessary to lead the media to guide well the public opinion to which the government shall function as the source of information, and the openness of governmental information shall be enhanced lawfully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]