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To investigate the relationship betweenRetrospective analysis of 99 patients in the respiratory and critical care unit of Fujian Provincial Hospital from 2018 to 2020. The clinical characteristics of different genotypes were compared, and the treatments of different genotypes and the analysis of factors associated with acute exacerbations of COPD were compared.During the 12-month follow-up period, 53 patients developed acute exacerbations, with the 16Arg/Arg homozygous requiring significantly more antibiotics and hormones than the other two genotypes; when agonist receptor 16 gene polymorphism was associated with the risk of acute exacerbation, 16Arg/Gly patients had a 5.286-fold increased risk of acute exacerbation (OR = 6.286, 95% CI. 1.476-26.759,Acute exacerbation of 16Arg/Arg COPD is very serious; 16Arg/Gly increases the risk of acute exacerbation in COPD patients; and provides help for future treatment and management options of the disease.

The emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants have made great challenges to current vaccine and pandemic control strategies. B.1.1.529 (Omicron), which was classified as a variant of concern (VOC) by the World Health Organization on November 26th, 2021, has quickly become the dominant circulating variant and causing waves of infections. It is urgent to understand the current immune status of the general population given that pre-existing immunity has been established by national vaccination or exposure to past variants. Using sera from 85 individuals (including 21 convalescents of natural infection, 15 cases suffered a breakthrough infection after vaccination, and 49 vaccinated participants without infection history), we showed that the cross-neutralizing activity against VOCs such as Omicron can be detected in 53 (62.4%) cases, although less potent than against the Wuhan-1 strain (WT), with a 3.9-fold reduction in geometric mean neutralizing titer (GMT) (130.7, 95% CI 88.4-193.3 vs 506, 355.8-719.7, respectively). Subgroup analysis revealed significantly enhanced neutralizing activity against WT and VOCs in Delta convalescent sera. The neutralizing antibodies against Omicron were detectable in 75% of convalescents and 44.9% of healthy donors (p = 0.006), with a GMT of 289.5, 180.9-463.3 and 42.6, 31.3-59, respectively. However, the protective effect against VOCs was weaker in young convalescents (aged < 18y), with a detectable rate of 50% and a GMT of 46.4 against Omicron, similar to vaccinees. The pan-sarbecovirus neutralizing activities were not observed in vaccinated SARS-CoV-1 survivors. A booster dose significantly increased the breadth and magnitude of neutralization against WT and VOCs to different degrees than full vaccination. In addition, we showed that COVID-19 inactivated vaccines can elicit Omicron-specific T cell responses. The positive rates of ELISpot reactions were 26.7% (4/15) and 43.8% (7/16) in the full vaccination group and the booster vaccination group, respectively. The neutralizing antibody titers declined while T-cell responses remain robust over 6 months. These findings will inform the optimization of public health vaccination and intervention strategies to protect diverse populations against SARS-CoV-2 variants.