Search

Recent clinical studies have reported that microsatellite instability (MSI) colorectal cancers show a high sensitivity to 5-FU, but these reports are contradictory to findings from in vitro analyses. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between MSI phenotypes and the expression of 5-FU metabolic enzymes in human colorectal cancer specimens. MSI phenotypes in 174 sporadic colorectal carcinomas were determined and grouped into the following three categories based on the Bethesda guidelines: high-frequency MSI (MSI-H), low-frequency MSI (MSI-L), and stable microsatellite (MSS). The expressions of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP) in tumor specimens were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assays. The ratio of TP to DPD expression (TP/DPD ratio) was calculated for each tumor. These three factors were compared with regard to MSI phenotypes by non-parametric and logistic regression analyses using cut-off values at their medians. MSI-L tumors were excluded from statistical analyses. Thirteen tumors were classified as MSI-H, 8 tumors as MSI-L, and 153 tumors as MSS. DPD expression did not differ between MSI-H tumors and MSS tumors. TP expression and the TP/DPD ratio were significantly higher in MSI-H tumors than in MSS tumors [TP, 160.1± 104.0 vs 97.3 ± 53.7 (Units/mg protein) (P=0.009); TP/DPD ratio, 3.04 ± 1.62 vs 2.07 ± 1.08, (P=0.016)]. These differences were also significant in multivariate analysis. In conclusion, these data suggest that 5-FU catabolic activity in cancer tissue does not differ between MSI-Hand MSS tumors. However, 5-FU anabolic activity in cancer tissue is higher in MSI-H than in MSS colorectal carcinomas.

Aqua oxidation water is a new disinfectant with a bactericidal activity based on high oxidation-reduction potential and acidity. We compared the effectiveness of aqua oxidation water and povidone iodine against the surgical site infection (SSI). The bacteriological effect against several organisms and the efficacy of both disinfectants were almost similar. However, the duration of treatment with aqua oxidation water was shorter than that with the povidone iodine in healed wounds (p, Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 2001, 46(1-2), p.33-37

Background- Two distinct morphologic types of colorectal cancer have been described in recent studies: polypoid growth type (PG-type) and nonpolypoid growth type (NPG-type). Materials and Methods- We investigated possible biological and clinical differences between 37 PG-type and 156 NPGtype cancers using both univariate and multivariate analyses (logistic and Cox regression models). Results- Unlike NPG-type cancers, PG-type cancers had a high proportion of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma cells, a high likelihood of being early colorectal cancers (carcinoma in situ and cancer invades submucosa), and a low frequency of lymph node metastasis. On average, such PG-type cancers also carried a better prognosis than NPG-type cancers (P=0.01). In particular, PG-type cancer patients with stage IV tumors had a better prognosis than NPG-type cancer patients (P=0.02). In fact, after performing a Cox regression analysis, we found that colorectal cancer growth type is an independent prognostic variable, separate from histologic type or stage. Conclusions- PG-type colorectal cancer is less aggressive and has a favorable prognosis compared to NPG-type cancer., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 2000, 45(1-2), p.51-59

Aims: We examined the preoperative serum levels of sialyl Lewisa (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 262 colorectal cancer patients, in order to clarify whether or not the prognostic value of CA19-9 after curative surgery is superior to that of CEA. Patients and Methods: The patients were divided into two groups: low or high antigen groups (higher or lower than a selected diagnostic-based cut-off value). For evaluation of the prognostic value of CA19-9 and CEA, the disease-free interval was studied. Results: The disease-free interval of patients with a high serum levels of CA19-9 or CEA was significantly shorter than for those patients with a low serum level of the particular antigen (P, Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 2000, 45(1-2), p.47-50

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the retroperitoneum is relatively rare in Japan. MFHs often recurs even if the tumor is resected completely. We describe a case with recurrent MFH of the retroperitoneum. A 49-year-old male was-admitted to our hospital for a palpable mass in the right lower abdomen. Ultrasonography and computed tomography demonstrated a solid mass with cystic compartment in the lower pole of the right kidney. The tumor was resected completely, and histological examination showed it was MFH, storiform-pleomorphic type. Thirty-three months later, a local recurrence developed and a second operation was performed. The resected tumor was 4.5 ﾃ・3.9 ﾃ・3.1 cm in size and histological diagnosis was recurrent MFH. We also examined the cytological characteristics of the tumor, using DNA flow cytometric quantification and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a set of 14 chromosomespecific DNA probes. DNA contents showed a DNA diploid pattern, however, FISH analysis showed various aberrations of chromosome number such as +1, +2, +7, +8, -10, +11, +12, -16, -17, -18, and +20. These results suggested that chromosomal aberrations may reflect a higher biologic aggressiveness of recurrent MFH., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1998, 43(3-4), p.88-91

In this study, nuclear DNA content were compared with chromosomal numerical aberration by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization method in 41 cases of colorectal carcinomas and 12 cases of colorectal adenomas. In the adenomas, DNA aneuploidy was shown in 8.3%, and moreover, monosomy of the chromosome 11 was shown in 10% and trisomy of the chromosome 7 was shown in 28.6%. However, no abnormality in the chromosome 17 was defined. In contrast, with regard to the colorectal carcinomas, DNA aneuploidy was shown in 43.9%. Furthermore, it was observed that the rate of appearance of the chromosomal numerical aberrations was high. In the chromosome 17, the rate of appearance of trisomy was significantly higher in DNA aneuploidy cases as compared with DNA diploidy one. However, there was no significant difference in the chromosome 7 and the chromosome 11. In addition, with regard to the colorectal carcinomas in which the chromosome 17 was disomy, there were significantly a large number of cases with positive v factor, and in trisomy cases, there were a lot of cases with negative v factor. In conclusion, it is conceivable that detection of abnormality in chromosomes by FISH method provides a new index of the prognosis and the grade of malignancy in the colorectal carcinomas., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1994, 39(1-3), p.100-105

Recently the measurement of cellular DNA content has been focused on knowing the extent of cancer extension and biological behaviour of the tumor cells as well as on producting occurrence of recurrence and the survival time in patients with carcinomas of various organs. And also it is well known that tumor markers such as CEA, CA19-9 and CA72-2 are of great value in predicting recurrence in the follow-up study. It is common that colorectal cancers show well differentiated carcinoma which demonstrates relatively fair prognosis. However, some revealed aggressive and rapid extension of carcinoma, indicating a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study is to certify the significance of the measurement of cellular DNA content for assessing biologic behavior of colorectal cancer in comparison with clinicopathologic factors which have been used for assessment of their prognosis. Development of flow cytometer enabled us to measure the nuclear DNA content with ease, speed and producibility. Furthermore, prevalence of flow cytometric technique makes it possible to know more accurate outcome. When assessed biologically aggressive behavior of tumor cells, potent chemotherapy and extensive surgery are mandatory for improvement of the outcome. It is necessary to search for the method of the accurate assessment of the outcome for patients with carcinomas. The purpose of this study is to clarify the validity of nuclear DNA measurement for assessment of the prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer in comparison with clinicopathologic factors., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1993, 38(2-4), p.103-106

This study was performed for the evaluation of combined effects of OK-432 and anticancer agents on K562 cells in vitro. On the growth curve, an increase of cytocidl effects was not observed by co-operative action of OK-432 and Cisplatin, but such increase was found with OK-432 and VP-16. It was evident than there are the difference depending on the type of anticancer agent combined with OK-432. When this difference was investigated on the cell cycle, G2M phase accumulation was delayed with OK-432 and Cisplatin. On the other hand, this delay was not observed with OK-432 and VP-16. It was suggested that the degree of this G2M phase accumulation might affect the cytocidal effects on cancer cells., Acta Medica Nagasakiensia. 1992, 37(1-4), p.110-113

Ninety-nine patients with chest trauma were clinically evaluated in terms of their prognoses. In accordance with advances in thoracic surgery, the survival rates were remarkably improved. However, six deaths were encountered in this series. The causes of deaths were attributable to associated injuries extend to two or three regions including the head and the abdomen so that precise detection and proper treatments should be made as quickly as possible. In conclusion, the prognoses of serious chest trauma patients are influenced by the presence and the degree of concomitant injuries as well as proper urgent managements., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1994, 39(1-3), p.154-156

The results of aspiration biopsy cytology were clinically evaluated on the basis of clinical experience with 608 patients with breast cancer at the First Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University School of Medicine. Aspiration biopsy is of clinical value in making a diagnosis of small-sized tumors. There was no detrimental outcome to promote tumor-cell spread locally as well as to give rise to distant metastasis into the other organ. One should be aware of a no cell finding in relation to scirrhous carcinoma and intraductal papillomatosis. Emphasis is placed on recommendation of open biopsy without repeated aspiration maneuver., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1994, 39(1-3), p.151-153

En bloc resections for patients with left atrium involved by lung cancers were evaluated in the 8 patients in terms of the operative procedure, the indication and the outcome. In one patient, application of extracorporeal circulation was accomplished to perform a complete resection and also to permit patch plasty to compensate volume diminution. En bloc resection on extracorporeal circulation is recommended for patients with limited cancer extension of squamous cell carcinomas without nodal involvement. In addition, emphasis has been placed in the genesis of double cancer in follow-up study according to improvement of surgical result in reflection of susceptibility to carcinomas in other organs., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1994, 39(1-3), p.157-159

Surgery for tracheal stenotic lesions in older patients over age 70 was evaluated in comparison with younger patients under age 69 on the basis of our clinical experience. The causes of tracheal lesions were mainly malignant diseases in spite of varying variety of etiology in the younger patients. The outcome of surgical treatment in the older ones was not inferior to that in the younger ones as far as postoperative complications were prevented. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the surgical treatment of choice is essential for palliation of symptoms and expectance of high quality of life., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1994, 39(1-3), p.144-146

Twenty-five patients with gastric cancer were clinically evaluated in terms of a clinicopathological pattern in younger patients. 1) Female was more predominant than male. 2) The main tumor location was the cardia and the gross appearance was Borrmann IV of undifferentiated carcinoma in the majority. 3) Less hepatic metastases were seen in younger patients, whereas, the common extension in younger patients was peritoneal dissemination and serosal invasion. 4) The surgical outcome was satisfactory as far as a curative operation be performed. On the contrary, the result of non-curative operation was extremely pessimistic. Recently great strides in the surgical outcome of gastric cancer have been achieved in combination with adjuvant therapy of immunochemotherapy. Improvement of surgical outcome is attributable to the standarized operative procedure with reasonable node dissection. It is common that carcinomas in various organs affect older patients, not usually younger ones. The purpose of this study is to clarify the clinicopathologic features of gastric cancer in younger patients on the basis of our result of clinical experience., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1993, 38(2-4), p.59-61

Surgery for complications of colonic diverticulum was evaluated on the basis of a result of clinical experience for the 15 patients. 1) Average age was 48.9 years, and right-side oriented lesions were more often seen in younger patients. The men and women ratio was 1.5 to 1.0. 2) The reasons for surgery were disticulitis in 7 (46.7%), perforation in 3 (20.0%) and abscess and fistula formation in 2 (13.3%), respectively. 3) Complications on the left side were much more severe than those on the right side and also seen more often in older patients., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1993, 38(2-4), p.83-85

Surgical outcome for advanced esophageal cancer patients is not satisfactory in spite of improvements of diagnostic tools, operative techniques, postoperative cares and adjuvant chemotherapy. Postoperative prognosis used to be predicted by the grades of histologic disease progression. However, it is limited to accurate prediction of its prognosis. Recent studies have been focused on biologic behavior of malignant cells, in particular, nuclear DNA contents which play an important role in cell proliferation and metabolizm. Clinical use of flow-cytometric measurement of nuclear DNA is now prevalent to assess the grades of malignancy for malignant tumors. In contrast, it is difficult to know nuclear DNA contents preoperatively. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether or not preoperative biologic behaviors is clinically feasible, from biopsied specimens in comparison with that from the surgical specimens., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1993, 38(2-4), p.270-272

Acta Medica Nagasakiensia. 1992, 37(1-4), p.138-140

An exceedingly rare case of perforated early gastric cancer is reported. A 47-year-old man developed a peritonitis due to perforation of early gastric cancer. Emergency operation was performed and followed by uneventful recovery. The histologic examination of the surgical specimen showed early gastric cancer (EGC) of type III, composed of signet ring cell carcinoma. Thirteen years after surgery, the patient died of a cerebrovascular accident with no evidence of tumor recurrence. The rarity of this complication in EGC is discussed and the Japanese literature reviewed., Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1988, 33(1-4), p.185-188