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The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of leaders' innovation expectation on nurses' innovation behaviour in conjunction with artificial intelligence, as well as explore the chain mediating effect of job control and creative self-efficacy between leaders' innovation expectation and nurses' innovation behaviour.The nurses' innovation behaviour is crucial in promoting medical artificial intelligence. Thus, clarifying the influencing factors of nurses' innovation behaviour has become a priority.A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 263 Chinese nurses from tertiary hospitals and secondary hospitals in Hefei, Anhui province.Leaders' innovation expectation was positively related to nurses' innovation behaviour. Creative self-efficacy and job control respectively mediated the relationship between leaders' innovation expectation and nurses' innovation behaviour. Furthermore, creative self-efficacy and job control played a chain mediation role between leaders' innovation expectation and nurses' innovation behaviour.Leaders' innovation expectation helps to enhance nurses' creative self-efficacy and job control, thereby enhancing nurses' enthusiasm for innovation.Hospital managers and leaders formulate intervention measures to increase leaders' innovation expectation, nurses' creative self-efficacy and job control, and encourage nurses' innovation behaviour.

Background The introduction of a photothermal layer on absorbent surface is a potential solution to produce heat for promoting the absorbent performance against viscous heavy oil, but the developed photothermal absorbent is still highly desirable but challenging, considering their complicated, tedious synthesis processes and susceptible surface to mechanical damage. Methods A simple sugar-templating strategy was promoted to fabricate a porous PVDF/candle soot sponge using sugar as a sacrificial template. The encapsulated-candle soot can not only roughen the PVDF struts for superhydrophobicity but also endows the sponge with nearly full sunlight absorption (96.5%). Significant findings Under sunlight exposure, the generated heat in situ reduced the viscosity of the surrounding heavy oil. Consequently, the sponge attains a remarkable oil absorbent rate of 82.5 g/g, reaching up to the state-of-the-art levels. Benefitting from high elasticity and mechanical robustness, the sponge maintains more than 96% of its sorption capacity after 10 cycles. Moreover, the UV resistance and chemical durability in a highly salty environment enable it to respond efficiently to heavy oil spills under complex marine conditions. Owing to its simple fabrication method and outstanding integrated properties, this composite sponge is of great potential for remediating heavy oil spill.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted diagnosis and treatment could expand the medical scenarios and augment work efficiency and accuracy. However, factors influencing healthcare workers’ adoption intention of AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment are not well-understood. This study conducted a cross-sectional study of 343 dental healthcare workers from tertiary hospitals and secondary hospitals in Anhui Province. The obtained data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that performance expectancy and effort expectancy were both positively related to healthcare workers’ adoption intention of AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment. Social influence and human–computer trust, respectively, mediated the relationship between expectancy (performance expectancy and effort expectancy) and healthcare workers’ adoption intention of AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, social influence and human–computer trust played a chain mediation role between expectancy and healthcare workers’ adoption intention of AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment. Our study provided novel insights into the path mechanism of healthcare workers’ adoption intention of AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment.

Arsenic-contaminated water with low concentration is a worldwide problem because of its inevitable toxicity. Therefore, it is of practical significance to develop an economical and environment-friendly adsorbent for arsenic removal. In this work, an eco-friendly Fe–Al bimetallic oxide/biochar adsorbent composites was successfully synthesized from discarded rice husk. The factors of different pH, reaction time, initial concentration and interfering ions were studied to further explore adsorption effect by adsorbent in low concentration arsenic solution. The results indicated that the adsorbent had the excellent adsorption capacity at 60 °C and phosphate has the greatest interference to the adsorption process among the selected five interfering ions. The experimental data are fitted to the adsorption isotherm and kinetic model, and the results are more consistent with Ferundlich model and pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Furthermore, it only takes 10 s to recover the prepared materials with magnets, and the removal rate of arsenic can be as high as 75% in the first time while the removal rate reaches above 30% in the fifth time at very low concentrations of contaminants. This study revealed that the prepared Fe–Al bimetallic oxide/biochar can be used as a potential adsorbent for the removal of arsenic at low concentrations for its simple synthesis, environmental friendliness and magnetic recovery.

In this work, a non-enzymatic molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIECS) for the detection of glucose was developed based on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with hollow nickel nanospheres (HNiNS)/carbon dots (CDs)–chitosan (CS). The HNiNS and CDs–CS act as effective electrochemical materials to improve the active area and electron-transport ability. 3-aminobenzeneboronic acid and glucose were used as the functional monomer and template in the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film. The morphology and properties of the fabricated electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The effects of molar ratio of functional monomer on template, elution time, incubation time and scan rates were investigated. The as-prepared HNiNS/CDs–CS/MIP/GCE sensor exhibited high electrochemical activity and recognition ability towards glucose. Under optimal conditions, the current response of glucose had two wide linear relationships with glucose concentrations in the ranges of 0.03–10 μM and 20–300 μM with a relatively low detection limit of 4.6 nM (S/N = 3). The proposed sensor was successfully applied for the detection of glucose in human serum and fermentation samples.

Due to the delicate materials of paper, paper relics are easily damaged and naturally aged. Therefore, the synthesis of waterproof, anti-aging, and reversible composites that meet the requirements ...

Water bamboo shell is one of the agricultural wastes and its cellulose can be used to produce source of bioresource. In this work, a composite (FeOOH/CuO@WBC) based on water bamboo cellulose (WBC) was controllable synthesized and employed for the removal of arsenic(III) from aqueous solution. The tests of SEM, XRD, FT-IR and XPS were used to characterize the materials, and the results showed that arsenic was successfully adsorbed by the prepared FeOOH/CuO@WBC. Additionally, the influence of different factors on the adsorption capacity was studied. It was found that when the pH was adjusted to about 3.5, the maximum adsorption capacity was 76.1 mg/g at 150 mg/L initial concentration. In order to further explore the adsorption mechanism, the adsorption isotherms and kinetic were studied, and the correlation coefficient (R2) value after fitting revealed that the adsorption of arsenic by FeOOH/CuO@WBC is a combination of physical and chemical reactions. The comparison with other adsorbents and the results of recycling experiments declared that the synthetic FeOOH/CuO@WBC can effectively remove arsenic from aqueous solution based on the idea of “treating waste with waste”, and has the advantages of environmental friendliness, economy and recyclability.

Paper cultural relics are prone to embrittlement, yellowing, powdering, mildew and damage due to the brittleness of materials, natural deterioration, microbial corrosion, and man-made destruction. To prolong the expected life of paper cultural relics, a series of novel microcrystalline cellulose/TiO2/fluorine/styrene-acrylate coatings were prepared with modified microcrystalline cellulose, modified nano-TiO2, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate, and several acrylate monomers. The prepared coatings were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and performance-testing devices. In addition, the optimized protective coatings were coated on the simulated paper cultural relic surface, and its protective effects were evaluated by tensile strength retention rate and weight loss rate. When the content of modified nano-TiO2 was 1.0 wt%, the protective coatings exhibited good hydrophobicity, oil repellency, mechanical strength, anti-aging, and reversibility.

In this work, a series of polymeric materials were prepared with different content of UV absorber 2-(2′-hydroxy-3′,5′-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole (UV-327). The paper-based relics protective properties of the UV-5 coating were evaluated by anti-pollution ability, dry heat and UV accelerated aging tests. The anti-pollution experiment results showed that the water and oil drops on the paper sample could be wiped directly and UV-5 coating could prevent water and oil from penetrating into the paper interior. Furthermore, the reversible test indicated that the protective coating could be directly removed with ethyl acetate and paper sample had little change after removing the coating.

In this report, environmental and energy issues were deal with a Z-scheme photocatalytic system toward the synthetic ammonia by N2 photofixation. Different from traditional double-charge-transfer model, a direct all-solid-state Z-scheme system of modified TiO2 (MT) loaded with ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) was obtained by solvothermal-calcination method, in which calcination temperature is crucial for the mesoporous structure and formation of Z-scheme TiO2/ZnFe2O4. At ambient temperature and pressure, the MT/ZFO photocatalyst presented the ammonia generation rate of about 1.48 μmol/L/min, which is higher than that of single MT or ZFO. The photocatalytic activity enhancement of ammonia generation was attributed to the Z-scheme charge transfer model with a more negative reduction potential in the conduction band of ZnFe2O4. Combining the commonly TiO2 and ZnFe2O4 by a special method shows a desirable Z-scheme photocatalytic system, which can be extended to the fabrication of other Z-scheme photocatalyst according to the various application need.

Recovery of valuable elements from (industrial process) photovoltaic wastes would be beneficial for both economical and sustainability reasons. In this work, nano zero-valent iron/activated carbon nanotubes (NZVI/ACNTs) hybrid membranes were fabricated by using NZVI as dynamic layer and CNTs as substrate for deep tellurium extraction, where the NZVI particles were formed by in situ reduction. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption properties of NZVI/ACNTs hybrid membranes under different solution conditions such as pH, temperature, sorbent dosage, and competitive ions. Energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirmed good adsorption capacity of tellurium by NZVI/ACNTs through redox reactions. The tellurium adsorption capacities decreased in the presence of competitive ions and as the concentration of NO3− significantly increased, the adsorption quantity dropped from 331.6 to 286.5 mg/g. Extraction of tellurium under weakly acidic conditions had a positive effect and reached a maximum adsorption capacity about 800 mg/g at pH 4.7. Kinetic models and equilibrium isotherms fitted well to the adsorption experimental data indicating that chemical adsorption dominate during the adsorption process of NZVI/ACNTs-Te. As a reusable and high-efficient adsorbent, NZVI/ACNTs membrane has tremendous potential to handle and recycle toxic tellurium containing compounds.

Effective cleanup of viscous crude oil spills remains a persistent and crippling challenge. Herein, this work presents a Joule-heated superhydrophobic flower-like Cu8(PO3OH)2(PO4)4·7H2O-coated copper foam (SHB-CF@CP) for rapid cleanup of viscous crude oil spills via a facile strategy. The SHB-CF@CP shows outstanding water repellency and excellent stability of hydrophobicity in harsh environments. Due to the high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, it requires lower power energy consumption (less than 1 V of voltage input) to raise the temperature significantly, which dramatically reduces the viscosity of crude oil (from ∼2 × 105 to ∼60 mPa s) and then increases the oil absorption rate, effectively avoiding the poor mobility and ineffective absorption of viscous crude oil. Notably, the SHB-CF@CP can achieve continuous and quick cleanup of crude oil under in situ pumping force. The high-performance Joule-heated SHB-CF@CP sorbent with a strong porous skeleton, corrosion resistance, and low predicted operational costs holds a promise of promoting its practical applications in the cleanup of intractable and large-area viscous oil spills.

Prunus mume blossom is an edible flower that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Flavonoids are one of the most active substances in Prunus mume blossoms. The optimal ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of flavonoids from Prunus mume blossom (FPMB), the components of FPMB, and its protective effect on injured cardiomyocytes were investigated in this study. According to our results, the optimal extraction process for FPMB is as follows: cellulase at 2.0%, ultrasonic power at 300 W, ultrasonic enzymolysis for 30 min, and an enzymolysis temperature of 40 °C. FPMB significantly promoted the survival rate of cardiomyocytes and reduced the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS). FPMB also improved the activities of proteases caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in cardiomyocytes. The cardiomyocyte apoptosis rate in mice was significantly reduced by exposure to FPMB. These results suggest that the extraction rate of FPMB may be improved by an ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic method. FPMB has a protective effect on the injured cardiomyocytes.

Resource utilization of corn bracts is essential from the viewpoint of environmental protection and sustainable development due to the adverse impacts emanating from potential fire hazards and environmental pollution of agricultural wastes. Herein, we present a versatile, convenient and green process to fabricate porous superhydrophobic biomass carbon (BC) aerogel by using corn bracts as main raw material, as well as its application in selective oil/water separation. During this process, the flexible and ultralight BC aerogel was obtained by corn bracts as main raw via simple alkalization, bleaching, freeze drying and carbonization. The resultant BC aerogels that constituted by interconnected corn bracts-based carbon fibers exhibit a three-dimensional hierarchical porous structure in microscale. The characterization results indicated that the obtained BC aerogels exhibit large specific surface areas (675.85 m2/g), mesoporous structures (3.92 nm on average), and superhydrophobicity (water contact angle > 150°). The BC aerogels can absorb a broad variety of oils and organic solvents with high selectivity and excellent absorption capacities (77.67–143.63 g/g). At the same time, the BC aerogels have excellent oil recoverability and reusability properties after ten recycles, making them particularly attractive materials to treat oily wastewater. The current research can offer a green approach to fabricate superhydrophobic BC aerogels with well-defined 3D network structure for efficient oil/water separation, and the fabrication of BC aerogels can be extended for the preparation of other functional aerogels by low-cost agricultural wastes for various applications.

A comprehensive theoretical screening of functional monomers, structural optimization, interaction energies (ΔE), and Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG) calculations of the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) were performed using density functional theory (DFT) method. Based on the thermodynamic and interaction energy calculations, it is found that acrylamide (AAm) as a functional monomer candidate has the potential to interact with glucose more efficiently for the preparation of MIP. In this work, on the basis of the theoretical calculations for the functional monomer selection in the MIP preparation, an electrochemical impedance sensor based on porous Ni foam modified with MIP (MIP@Ni) was developed for the glucose detection. The morphology and the electrochemical characteristics of the fabricated sensor were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The linear range and limit of detection were in the range of 0.8–4.0 mM and 0.45 mM with a signal to noise ratio of three in alkaline medium. Common interfering species such as ascorbic acid (AA), D-fructose, and 4-acetaminophenol (AP) were demonstrated have less effects on the glucose determination. The MIP@Ni foam exhibited better selectivity, which has a potential application in the advanced non-enzymatic glucose monitoring device.

The N2 photofixation has been considered as a green and eco-friendly ammonia synthesis approach. In this work, Bi2Te3 was employed to modify BiOCl for the formation of a highly active composited micro flower-like structure photocatalyst. Efficient ammonia evolution rate reached 315.9 μmol/L·h over Bi2Te3/BiOCl under UV light irradiation. Based on the analysis of bandgap and reduction potential of two components, the electrons generated from BiOCl is attributed to the N2 photofixation, while the photogenerated charges from the excitation of Bi2Te3 suppress the recombination of photogenerated hole-electron of BiOCl effectively.

ZnO nanoparticles combined radio frequency (ZNCRF) is a novel and effective method of pasteurization. This study was designed to evaluate microorganism control and product quality improvement (sensory, texture, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), flavor and GC-MS determination) of Twice-cooked pork dish using ZNCRF pasteurization. The results showed that the combined pasteurization effect of ZNCRF treatments was superior to conventional high pressure steam (HPS) sterilization. ZNCRF pasteurization preserved the heating uniformity and reduced the loss of sensory, texture and flavor of Twice-cooked pork dish at the same time scale and met China's national standard (GB29921-2013). In order to explain the above changes in principle, volatile organic compounds of Twice-cooked pork dish samples were measured on GC-MS. The measurement result of GC-MS indicated that aldehydes (a typical flavor of Twice-cooked pork dish) decreased from 71.56% to 62.51% with the increase of germicidal strength. Therefore, the experimental results of ZNCRF pasteurization could be helpful for food processing industries to produce high quality sterilized Twice-cooked pork dish.

Environmentally friendly waterborne polyurethane-acrylate (WPUA) oligomers and ultraviolet curing WPUA films (UV-WPUA) were prepared. The thermal stability, solvent-resistance and mechanical properties of the films were investigated. FT-IR and photo-DSC methods were used to investigate the photopolymerization kinetics of the UV-WPUA films. The results showed that UV-curing films offered the optimum combination of properties when the polyether polyol (NJ-330), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hydroxyethyl methyl acrylate (HEMA) and dimethylolbutanoic acid (DMBA) were used as the raw materials and the mass ratio of oligomer: monomer butyl acrylate (BA): photoinitiator was fixed at 66:30:4. Reaction kinetics of different photoinitiators systems were calculated by Kissinger equation and Crane equation, thus providing a theoretical guidance for the optimization of diluent and photoinitiator in UV-curing coating industry.

Armeniaca mume Sieb. blossom is among the traditional Chinese edible flowers, and it is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Flavonoids are among the most abundant bioactive compounds in A. mume Sieb. blossom. However, the research on the extraction of flavonoids from A. mume Sieb. blossom and their immunomodulating function is insufficient. In this study, we developed a microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction of flavonoids from A. mume Sieb. blossom (FAMB) and explored their immunomodulating effect on mice with dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced colitis. The results showed that the optimum parameters for microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction of FAMB were as follows: cellulase: 2.0%, microwave power: 200 W, microwave action time: 5 min, and enzymatic hydrolysis time: 50 min. FAMB significantly promoted the lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer (NK) cell killing activity in colitis mice, and increased the concentrations of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 in serum. FAMB also significantly reduced the apoptosis of spleen lymphocytes in these mice. These results demonstrated that the microwave-assisted enzymatic method could significantly improve the yield and efficacy extraction of FAMB. FAMB showed a good immunomodulation effect on colitis mice.

According to the characteristics of blockchain data concurrent processing, the threshold ring signature algorithm is improved by combining ring signature and threshold signature scheme. Threshold is set to dynamically adjust the number of threshold ring signature nodes, and threshold ring signature process is designed. By modifying the block data structure of Dag, the concept of redundant transaction is proposed and its formal definition is given. According to the type of redundant transaction, the transaction optimization processing method is given, the group verification is realized by Threshold Ring Signature, and the DAG bookkeeping optimization scheme based on threshold ring signature is given, signature security, transaction deletion security and chain security are analyzed. Finally, a simulation experiment was conducted through the concurrent execution of the block data construction program and the optimization program, and the results show that the optimization scheme basically does not affect the execution time of the program and the storage efficiency is significantly improved.

In this study, the edible antimicrobial coating was prepared from mung bean starch and soluble soybean polysaccharide (MBS-SSPS) enriched with different concentrations (0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.2%) of nano-emulsified clove and cinnamon oil (CCO). Then MBS-SSPS incorporated CCO coating (MSC) was applied on steamed buns at 10°C, 50% RH and the microbiological attributes (total viable count and the mold and yeast counts), hardness, and organoleptic attributes were assessed. The use of CCO in MBS-SSPS coating solution reduced viscosity of final coating and increased antimicrobial activity. Also, compared with the uncoated sample, MSC0.6 and MSC0.9 under no adverse effect on flavor quality, reduced the aerobic plate count by 38.5 and 42% and decreased mold and yeast counts by 32 and 37%, respectively. Meanwhile, the coated samples obtained acceptable sensory qualities and lower hardness than the uncoated ones. Practical Applications: The objective of the study was to develop and characterize the MBS-SSPS coating enriched with nano-emulsified CCO (the mixture of cinnamon and clove essential oil), then evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial coating on the storage quality of steamed buns. MSC0.6 and MSC0.9 improved the storage quality without sacrificing flavor while compared with uncoated samples. Therefore, it was feasible to apply this new edible antimicrobial coating on the surface of the steamed buns.

Effects of ZnO nanoparticles combined radio frequency (ZNCRF) pasteurization on the survival of microorganism, flavor and taste of Flavored shredded pork were compared with conventional high pressure steam (HPS) sterilization. The results showed that ZNCRF pasteurization was better than HPS sterilization in terms of flavor and taste parameters and at the same time met the pasteurization requirement. GC–MS and NMR measurements were performed to explore changes in volatile compounds and status and distribution of water within the sample. The ZNCRF pasteurization when carried out for 30 min and the HPS sterilization reduced the relative contents of aldehydes by 18.8% and 19.7%, respectively, while the ZNCRF pasteurization within 20 min had less effect on aldehydes. Both ZNCRF pasteurization and HPS sterilization destroyed the vacuolar membrane of the samples caused the loss of water from the cytoplasm (T(23)). This work shows that ZNCRF when applied for 20 min is a mild pasteurization method that can be applied to improve the quality of Flavored shredded pork.

In this work, a novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIECS) based on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with carbon dots (CDs) and chitosan (CS) for the determination of glucose was proposed for the first time. The use of the environmental-friendly CDs and CS as electrode modifications improved the active area and electron-transport ability substantially, while 3-aminobenzeneboronic acid was used as a functional monomer and glucose as template for the fabrication of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film to detect glucose via differential pulse voltammetry. Transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were applied to characterize the fabricated sensor. Experimental conditions such as molar ratio of functional monomer to template, volume ratio of CDs to CS, incubation time and elution time were optimized. By using glucose as a model analyte, the MIECS had two assay ranges of 0.5–40 μM and 50–600 μM, and fairly low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.09 μM (S/N = 3) under the optimized conditions. The MIECS also exhibited excellent selectivity, good reproducibility, and stability. The proposed sensor was successfully applied to a preliminary test for glucose analysis in real human blood serum samples.

In recent years, the pyrolysis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been widely employed to prepare advanced heterogeneous catalysts. However, large size or agglomeration caused by pyrolysis severely limits the performance of the catalysts due to the high mass transfer resistance. In this work, MOF crystals (Cu-BTC) in-situ grown on the biomorphic hierarchical layered double hydroxides (LDHs) surface (ZnAl-LDH/Cu-BTC) and it as a pyrolytic precursor to prepare layered double oxides/metal (ZnAl-LDO/Cu) composite catalyst were reported. ZnAl-LDH support induced the uniform distribution of nano-sized Cu-BTC on the nanosheets surface, and this unique method mediated Cu-BTC precursor for the in-situ construction of highly stable Cu nanoparticles under a high-temperature H2 reduction. ZnAl-LDO/Cu exhibited excellent catalytic activity and stability for the reduction 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in the presence of NaBH4, which could be recycled for fifteen successive cycles with a high reduction efficiency (over 93%). Meanwhile, the ZnAl-LDO/Cu demonstrated high catalytic efficiencies on rhodamine B, congo red, methyl orange and methylene blue dyes. Hence, the concept presented in this work can be further expanded to synthesis of other MOFs derived high-efficiency non-noble metal catalysts, which have a great potential as a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly reusable catalyst to replace noble metals catalyst in large scale catalytic application.

Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials have exhibited a wide range of application as heterogeneous catalyst or catalyst precursor. However, the catalytic activity of many micro-sized or big block MOFs usually was limited by mass transfer resistance and low percentage of exposed active site. Herein, we report a novel strategy to prepare high-efficiency non-noble metal nanocatalysts via the exfoliation of stromatolithic MOF crystal combined subsequent carbonization process. First, micro-sized Cu- or Zn-containing MOF (Cu- or Zn-MOF) was synthesized by the coordination bonds between metal ion precursor and organic ligand. Subsequently, an exfoliated process was carried out to harvest MOFs nanosheets by H3PO4 molecules selective diffusion and etching between the MOFs crystal layer. Cu or Zn nanoparticles embedded by porous carbon (Cu@C or Zn@C) was finally obtained by the carbonization of Cu-MOF or Zn-MOF nanosheets in N2 atmosphere, respectively. Cu@C and Zn@C nanosheets showed excellent catalytic activity and reusability toward the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and organic dyes. Such enhanced performance could be attributed to the high specific surface area, good dispersibility, fully exposed active sites, and the synergistic effect of metal NPs and carbon. The strategy presented herein can give MOFs great potential for application in the treatment of environmental wastewater.