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The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is becoming a new world economic centre, but research on the law of academic talent mobility in the Greater Bay Area is still scarce at present. This study builds an overall analysis framework, introduces the curriculum vitae analysis method, and systematically collects resumes of academics from universities in Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao. Through this, we try to find the stock, distribution, study origin and inflow of academic talents in the Greater Bay Area, the internal mobility of academic talents in the Greater Bay Area, and the global mobility network of academic talents in the Greater Bay Area. Academic mobility is a significant topic in higher education research, closely related to higher education's competitiveness and attractiveness. This research is of positive significance for clarifying the basic situation of academic talents in the Greater Bay Area, scientifically carrying out talent planning during the new stage of China's national economic and social development, and scientifically attracting talents based on the law of talent mobility.

Few studies have been conducted to investigate the ethical perspectives of in-service teachers on assessment issues cross-culturally. The purpose of the study was to investigate the ethical judgment by in-service teachers in the United States and China on twenty scenarios of student assessment practices. In the spring of 2020, 130 American teachers and 161 Chinese teachers completed a survey questionnaire on these assessment scenarios. The quantitative and qualitative results indicated that respondents had different ethical decisions in 9 out of 20 scenarios. Further analysis indicated that there was a high degree of similarities in ethical reasoning, and 10 scenarios with mixed reasoning indicated that certain sub-themes were different. This study reveals that cultural differences are likely reflected in their ethical judgment when presented with certain assessment scenarios. The awareness of such differences should be raised by considering assessment, teaching, and learning together.

Before adopting a scale for a new culture, researchers should conduct systematic translation procedures and evaluations to ensure its psychometric quality. The Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17) is a brief and valid scale developed by U.S. researchers to evaluate children's emotional, attentional, and behavioral problems. This study aimed to adapt the PSC-17 to a Chinese version for use in elementary school settings. In this process, 74 teachers rated 666 students using the PSC-17. These students were also assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and additional questions (e.g., teachers' referral status and demographic information). The scale was successfully translated into simplified Chinese using a standard procedure. Factor analysis supported a general factor model for the PSC-17. Furthermore, decent criterion validity and internal consistency were verified. Finally, a cut-off score of 17 was established, slightly higher than the original cut-off score of 15. We concluded that the PSC-17 is a high-quality screening tool in Chinese elementary schools. The findings are particularly relevant to researchers investigating children's emotional, attentional, and behavioral development within the Chinese cultural context.

Emerging research suggests that episodic memory challenges are commonly encountered by autistic individuals; however, the specific nature of these memory challenges remains elusive. Here, we address critical gaps in the literature by examining pattern separation memory, the ability to store distinct memories of similar stimuli, and its links to the core autistic trait of repetitive, restricted interests and behaviors. Utilizing a large sample of over 120 autistic children and well-matched non-autistic peers, we found that autistic children showed significantly reduced performance on pattern separation memory. A clustering analysis identified three distinct pattern separation memory profiles in autism, each characterized by reduced or increased generalization abilities. Importantly, pattern separation memory was negatively correlated with the severity of repetitive, restricted interest and behavior symptoms in autism. These findings offer new evidence for challenges in pattern separation memory in autism and emphasize the need to consider these challenges when assessing and supporting autistic individuals in educational and clinical settings.

With the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals in place, the quality of teacher education is a global concern. With so much talent mobility and brain circulation, any migration of low-quality educators from one region will affect the quality of education in the destination part of the global village. The study examined how the interplay in the aftermath of the cyclones, COVID-19, supervisors' quality, and student characteristics impacted student-teachers' experiences during the scrambled teaching practice supervision model. Thematic and content analyses of data from document analysis and semi-structured interviews from purposefully sampled Southern Africa Development Community countries revealed that relying on physical teaching practice supervision negatively impacts assessment, especially when even non-specialists are involved in the supervision. Educators' inadequate pedagogical content knowledge, space effect, and multiple exposures to assessment compromise teacher education amidst pandemics and natural disasters. The study recommends migration to computer-based online supervision strategies as a mitigation strategy. Recommendations for an educational policy, practicum, and architectural adaption are discussed.

Abstract During targeted treatment, oncogene-addicted tumor cells often evolve from an initial drug-sensitive state through a drug-tolerant persister bottleneck toward the ultimate emergence of drug-resistant clones. The molecular basis underlying this therapy-induced evolutionary trajectory has not yet been completely elucidated. Here, we employed a multifaceted approach and implicated the convergent role of transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in the course of diverse targeted kinase inhibitors. Specifically, pharmacological perturbation of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway resulted in the downregulation of YY1 transcription, which subsequently resumed upon therapeutic escape. Failure to decrease YY1 subverted cytotoxic effects, whereas elimination of residual YY1 maximized anticancer efficacy and forestalled the emergence of drug resistance. Mechanistically, YY1 was uncovered to dictate cell cycle and autophagic programs. Immunohistochemical analysis on a wide spectrum of clinical specimens revealed that YY1 was ubiquitously expressed across lung adenocarcinomas and exhibited anticipated fluctuation in response to corresponding RTK/MAPK inhibition. These findings advance our understanding of targeted cancer management by highlighting YY1 as a determinant node in the context of genotype-directed agents.

ObjectiveTo study the effects of sodium cantharidinate (SC) on the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells through JAK2/ STAT3 pathway. MethodsGastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was cultured and treated with different concentrations of SC (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 16.0 μmol/L) and then transfected with control plasmid or JAK2 plasmid. Cell survival rate, apoptosis rate, and the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, p-p38, p-ERK, and p-JNK were detected after 48 h of treatment. ResultsThe results indicated that 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 16.0 μmol/L of SC inhibited cell proliferation, and the survival rate decreased with an increase in SC concentration (P0.05), while those of the 2.0 and 4.0 μmol/L SC groups increased significantly (P0.05) in the 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 μmol/L SC groups. The JAK2 plasmid was transfected simultaneously with the 4.0 μmol/L SC treatment; the expression levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 and the survival rate increased, whereas the apoptosis rate decreased (P

Abstract Traditional orthodontic treatment relies on subjective estimations of orthodontists and iterative communication with technicians to achieve desired tooth alignments. This process is time-consuming, complex, and highly dependent on the orthodontist’s experience. With the development of artificial intelligence, there’s a growing interest in leveraging deep learning methods to achieve tooth alignment automatically. However, the absence of publicly available datasets containing pre/post-orthodontic 3D dental models has impeded the advancement of intelligent orthodontic solutions. To address this limitation, this paper proposes the first public 3D orthodontic dental dataset, comprising 1,060 pairs of pre/post-treatment dental models sourced from 435 patients. The proposed dataset encompasses 3D dental models with diverse malocclusion, e.g., tooth crowding, deep overbite, and deep overjet; and comprehensive professional annotations, including tooth segmentation labels, tooth position information, and crown landmarks. We also present technical validations for tooth alignment and orthodontic effect evaluation. The proposed dataset is expected to contribute to improving the efficiency and quality of target tooth position design in clinical orthodontic treatment utilizing deep learning methods.

The inconsistent findings concerning the effects of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors and the large heterogeneity in the published literature call for further research to identify sources of heterogeneity and potential effect modifiers. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until March 2024 that reported estimates for the effects of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic factors and relevant baseline covariates of RCT participants. A total of 17 656 participants from 99 RCTs were analyzed, and weighted mean differences (95% confidence intervals (CI)) for the intervention status were derived using random-effects modeling. Overall, compared with the placebo, vitamin D supplementation (median dose: 3320 international unit (IU)·day−1; range 40–120 000 IU·day−1) had favorable effects on systolic blood pressure (SBP; −2.04 (95% CI, −3.50, −0.59) mmHg; 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; −3.00 (95% CI, −3.61, −2.39) mmHg), total cholesterol (TC; −0.12 (95% CI, −0.21, −0.03) mmol·L−1), fasting blood glucose (FBG; −0.13 (95% CI, −0.20, −0.05) mmol·L−1), hemoglobin A1C (A1C; −0.09% (95% CI, −0.13%, −0.05%)), and fasting blood insulin (FBI: −7.61 (95% CI, −11.93, −3.30) pmol·L−1). The benefits of vitamin D were most evident in trials performed in non-Westerners, participants with baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) lower than 15.0 ng·mL−1, non-obese (body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg·m−2), and older (age ≥ 50 years). The findings of this study underscore the need for personalized vitamin D intervention strategies that comprehensively account for individual patient characteristics (such as ethnocultural background, age, BMI, and circulating 25[OH]D level), intervention dosage, and intervention duration to optimize cardiometabolic health outcomes.

Abstract Background Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a relatively rare form of tuberculosis infection, accounting for approximately 15% of all tuberculosis infections. Lymph nodes are the most commonly affected sites, while involvement of the parotid gland is extremely rare. Case presentation We present the case of a 65-year-old male patient with a one-month history of a left parotid mass. The patient has a history of diabetes and long-term smoking, and a chest X-ray revealed secondary fibrotic pulmonary tuberculosis, while sputum smears were culture-negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The parotid mass was surgically removed and subjected to routine HE staining, acid-fast staining, and PCR molecular testing for Mtb. The final diagnosis was Warthin’s tumor of the parotid gland with concomitant tuberculosis. One month after removal of the parotid mass, the patient’s chest CT showed cavitary tuberculosis. Subsequently, the patient received anti-tuberculosis treatment; however, due to severe gastrointestinal adverse effects, the patient stopped the medication in less than a month and did not receive regular treatment. Four months after stopping the medication, the patient’s pulmonary tuberculosis progressed and worsened. Conclusion Combined tuberculosis in Warthin’s tumor is extremely rare, with only 14 cases reported to date. However, the specific pathogenesis of this condition is not yet fully understood, and the preliminary treatment and prognosis have not been conclusively determined. Early diagnosis of tuberculosis, standardized and effective use of anti-tuberculosis drugs, and personalized treatment are crucial in the management of tuberculosis. We have reviewed the treatment progress of this rare disease and analyzed the potential pathogenesis of the condition. Furthermore, we have summarized the current understanding of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis, drug resistance mechanisms, and the latest treatment advances. These studies have important clinical implications for better understanding and treating extrapulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculosis within Warthin’s tumor of the parotid gland. This comprehensive analysis sheds light on the complexities of tuberculosis and provides valuable insights for improved management and care of affected individuals.

Abstract Background Pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) is a treatment for preventing febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with early breast cancer. However, the optimal injection timing of PEG-rhG-CSF after chemotherapy is obscure. The trial was designed to explore the best administration timing of PEG-rhG-CSF when breast cancer patients could benefit most. Methods Patients with early breast cancer were randomly assigned to receive a preventive injection on the 7th or 3rd day following chemotherapy. The experimental group (n = 80) received PEG-rhG-CSF treatment on day 7 after chemotherapy, whereas the control group (n = 80) received it on day 3. The occurrence of grades 3–4 neutropenia and FN in the first cycle was the primary endpoint. The secondary endpoint was the frequency of PEG-rhG-CSF dose reduction. Results In comparison to the control group, the experimental group exhibited higher white blood cell count (WBC) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) on the 9th and 13th days following chemotherapy (P

Objective To find the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with multiple system atrophy(MSA)and to explore the muscle related risk factors that affect the ability if living and exercise of patients. Methods Through a cross-sectional study, patients with Parkinson's disease(PD) and movement disorders who visited the multidisciplinary outpatient clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from October 2022 to December 2023 were included. Their demographic data and disease duration were collected. The modified Barthel Index (simplified Chinese version) was applied to evaluate the participants' living ability. The severity of movement disorders and non-motor symptoms were evaluated by the Unified PD rating scale. The body composition, grip strength, SARC-F score were used to evaluate the muscle condition of patients and the diagnosis of sarcopenia and pre sarcopenia were made according to EWGSOP2. Results Among 44 patients included in this study, 8(18.8%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia, 17(38.6%) were pre-sarcopenia and 19(43.2) had normal muscle condition. There were significant differences in disease-related clinical characteristics among the three groups. MSA patients were characterized by older age(P＜0.01).They had lower BMI (P＜0.01), and worse disease symptom score (P＜0.01), SARC-F score(P＜0.05), and activity score (P＜0.01), significantly reduced fat removal weight (P＜0.01) and phase angle (P＜0.05). Regression analysis showed that SARC-F score, grip strength, limb skeletal muscle index and fat free weight were all independent risk factors affecting the ability of living and exercise of MSA patients. Conclusions The preval-ence of MSA sarcopenia is higher and sarcopenia is closely associated with more severe clinical illness and lower living ability. It is an independent risk factor for increased living ability score and motor function score.

Abstract Objective To elucidate the efficacy of Ginsenoside Rg3 on the reproduction and immigration of HCT-116 cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods Analysis of the cell cycle along with the colony formation assay, and MTT test were performed to detect the effect of Ginsenoside Rg3 (GRg3) on proliferation of HCT-116 cells. Transwell assay and Cell scratch wound method were carried out to determine the impact on the immigration. The differential expressed genes obtained by RNA-sequencing were intersected with the predicted target genes of GRg3, and PPI was constructed to analyze hub genes. The key target gene expression and its downstream genes were evaluated by western blot assay. Results The GRg3 can inhibit the reproduction and immigrating ability of colonic carcinoma cells, decrease the ability of colony formation in HCT-116 cells, and arrest the G2 phase. JAK3 was identified as a key target gene. Western blot assay revealed decreased levels of p-STAT5 and JAK3 post-treatment with RG3, while STAT5a and STAT5b did not change significantly. Conclusion The GRg3 inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT5 but not the expression of total protein by inhibiting the expression of JAK3, and then inhibits the proliferation and migration of HCT-116 cells. Graphical Abstract

Abstract Chinese universities typically demonstrate a preference for individuals with overseas educational experience in their faculty recruitment policies. However, there is a notable lack of research examining whether and to what extent overseas returnees possess an advantage over domestic graduates in securing employment at higher-ranking universities. To address this research gap, this study employs propensity score matching to compare the probability of being employed as academic faculty by prestigious universities between these two cohorts. This study entails the compilation of curriculum vitae data from faculty members at prestigious universities in China, totaling ~90,000 resumes. The results substantiate a positively skewed influence of overseas education on academics’ career advancement. Overseas returnees are more likely to obtain academic positions at higher-ranking universities compared to domestic graduates, with this effect demonstrating a consistent upward trend over time. Further subgroup analyses revealed that the advantage of overseas education varies among faculties graduating from different undergraduate institutions and undergoes changes over time. The latest trend indicates that those who attended Project 985 universities during their undergraduate stage derive the most significant advantages from studying abroad during their doctoral phase.

Abstract Excessive oxidative response, unbalanced immunomodulation, and impaired mesenchymal stem cell function in periodontitis in diabetes makes it a great challenge to achieve integrated periodontal tissue regeneration. Here, a polyphenol-mediated redox-active algin/gelatin hydrogel encapsulating a conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiopene)-assembled polydopamine-mediated silk microfiber network and a hydrogen sulfide sustained-release system utilizing bovine serum albumin nanoparticles is developed. This hydrogel is found to reverse the hyperglycemic inflammatory microenvironment and enhance functional tissue regeneration in diabetic periodontitis. Polydopamine confers the hydrogel with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. The slow, sustained release of hydrogen sulfide from the bovine serum albumin nanoparticles recruits mesenchymal stem cells and promotes subsequent angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Moreover, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiopene)-assembled polydopamine-mediated silk microfiber confers the hydrogel with good conductivity, which enables it to transmit endogenous bioelectricity, promote cell arrangement, and increase the inflow of calcium ion. In addition, the synergistic effects of hydrogen sulfide gaseous-bioelectric coupling promotes bone formation by amplifying autophagy in periodontal ligament stem cells and modulating macrophage polarization via lipid metabolism regulation. This study provides innovative insights into the synergistic effects of conductivity, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and hydrogen sulfide on the periodontium in a hyperglycemic inflammatory microenvironment, offering a strategy for the design of gaseous-bioelectric biomaterials to promote functional tissue regeneration in immune-related diseases.

Abstract YTHDC1, a reader of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications on RNA, is posited to exert significant influence over RNA metabolism. Despite its recognized importance, the precise function and underlying mechanisms of YTHDC1 in the preservation of normal hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) homeostasis remain elusive. Here, we investigated the role of YTHDC1 in normal hematopoiesis and HSCs maintenance in vivo. Utilizing conditional Ythdc1 knockout mice and Ythdc1/Mettl3 double knockout mice, we demonstrated that YTHDC1 is required for HSCs maintenance and self-renewal by regulating microRNA maturation. YTHDC1 deficiency resulted in HSCs apoptosis. Furthermore, we uncovered that YTHDC1 interacts with HP1BP3, a nuclear RNA binding protein involved in microRNA maturation. Deletion of YTHDC1 brought about significant alterations in microRNA levels. However, over-expression of mir-125b, mir-99b, and let-7e partially rescued the functional defect of YTHDC1-null HSCs. Taken together, these findings indicated that the nuclear protein YTHDC1-HP1BP3-microRNA maturation axis is essential for the long-term maintenance of HSCs.

Abstract Excessive glucocorticoid (GC) action is linked to various metabolic disorders. Recent findings suggest that disrupting skeletal GC signaling prevents bone loss and alleviates metabolic disorders in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice, underpinning the neglected contribution of skeletal GC action to obesity and related bone loss. Here, we show that the elevated expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), the enzyme driving local GC activation, and GC signaling in osteoblasts, are associated with bone loss and obesity in HFD-fed male mice. Osteoblast-specific 11β-HSD1 knockout male mice exhibit resistance to HFD-induced bone loss and metabolic disorders. Mechanistically, elevated 11β-HSD1 restrains glucose uptake and osteogenic activity in osteoblast. Pharmacologically inhibiting osteoblastic 11β-HSD1 by using bone-targeted 11β-HSD1 inhibitor markedly promotes bone formation, ameliorates glucose handling and mitigated obesity in HFD-fed male mice. Taken together, our study demonstrates that osteoblastic 11β-HSD1 directly contributes to HFD-induced bone loss, glucose handling impairment and obesity.

Abstract Background Postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) frequently occur following orthopedic surgery and are closely associated with adverse prognosis. PNDs are an emerging concept that includes both postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and postoperative delirium (POD). The prevention of combined use of peripheral nerve block (PNB) and general anesthesia (GA) on POCD and/or POD incidence following orthopedic surgery remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of this combined anesthesia method on POCD/POD incidence after orthopedic surgery, compared with GA. Methods The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase via Ovid, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for all available randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The incidence of POD/POCD was the primary outcome. Continuous and dichotomous outcomes are represented as standardized mean differences [SMD, 95% confidence interval (CI)] and risk ratios [RR, 95%CI], respectively. Results Meta-analysis of twelve RCTs with a total of 1488 patients revealed that compared with GA, PNB plus GA decreased the incidence of POCD (RR: 0.58, 95%CI: 0.35 to 0.95, P = 0.03, I2 = 0%), while the incidence of POD had no significant difference (RR: 0.87, 95%CI: 0.54 to 1.40, P = 0.57, I2 = 67%). Compared with GA alone, a significant decrease of intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption (SMD: -1.54, 95%CI: -2.26 to -0.82, P

"Research Findings": This study aims to explore the optimal roles, pressing challenges, and future developments of ChatGPT in early childhood education (ECE) by interviewing six expert professors from China and the United States. A content analysis approach that combined inductive and deductive coding was employed to analyze the transcribed interviews. The findings of this study revealed two primary roles of ChatGPT in ECE: (1) conversational agent for young children and (2) on-call facilitator for educators and caregivers. The challenges and risks associated with ChatGPT were categorized using the "3A2S" framework, which includes Accessibility, Affordability, Accountability, Sustainability, and Social Justice. The participants suggest that as knowledge, information retrieval, and integration skills become less critical, human agency and inquiry ability become more important. As a result, they predict that ChatGPT's future trajectory should be as a resource for Intelligence Augmentation (IA) rather than as a replacement for the actions of educators and caregivers. Furthermore, AI opens new domains in ECE, such as AI literacy and AI social interaction, paving the way for novel opportunities and challenges in the field. "Practice or Policy": This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on integrating AI technologies in ECE and offers valuable suggestions for policymakers, educators, and caregivers.

Abstract Objective Accumulating studies reported the crucial roles of tRFs in tumorigenesis. However, their further mechanisms and clinical values remains unclear. This study aimed at the further investigation of tRF-Leu in breast cancer chemotherapy resistance. Methods The high-throughput sequencing was performed and identified the downregulation of tRF-Leu in MCF7/ADR cells. The function of tRF-Leu in breast cancer cells and breast cancer chemotherapy resistance was investigated in vitro and in vivo, including colony formation assay, CCK-8 assay, transwell assay and apoptosis assay. The binding site of tRF-Leu on BIRC5 was verified by dual-luciferase assay. Results tRF-Leu was downregulated in MCF7/ADR cells. Overexpression of tRF-Leu inhibited the migration of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, tRF-Leu could reverse the resistance of MCF7/ADR cells to Adriamycin both in vitro and in vivo. BIRC5 was a target of tRF-Leu, which might be involved in the chemotherapy resistance regulation. Conclusion We demonstrated that tRF-Leu could inhibit the chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer by targeting BIRC5. These findings might identify new biomarkers of breast cancer therapy and bring new strategies to reverse chemotherapy resistance.

Abstract Apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) play a vital role in various physiological and pathological conditions. However, we have yet to fully understand their precise biological effects in rescuing impaired mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we proved that systemic infusion of MSCs derived from wild-type (WT) mice rather than from ovariectomized (OVX) mice effectively improved the osteopenia phenotype and rescued the impaired recipient MSCs in osteoporotic mice. Meanwhile, apoVs derived from WT MSCs (WT apoVs) instead of OVX apoVs efficiently restored the impaired biological function of OVX MSCs and their ability to improve osteoporosis. Mechanistically, the reduced miR-145a-5p expression hindered the osteogenic differentiation and immunomodulatory capacity of OVX MSCs by affecting the TGF-β/Smad 2/3-Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis, resulting in the development of osteoporosis. WT apoVs directly transferred miR-145a-5p to OVX MSCs, which were then reused to restore their impaired biological functions. The differential expression of miR-145a-5p is responsible for the distinct efficacy between the two types of apoVs. Overall, our findings unveil the remarkable potential of apoVs, as a novel nongenetic engineering approach, in rescuing the biological function and therapeutic capability of MSCs derived from patients. This discovery offers a new avenue for exploring apoVs-based stem cell engineering and expands the application scope of stem cell therapy, contributing to the maintenance of bone homeostasis through a previously unrecognized mechanism.

Abstract Universities have become increasingly strict with the academic requirements of newly enrolled faculties. It manifests as the credential inflation of new applicants for university academic positions. There is little research that has provided empirical evidence for this phenomenon. This research takes China as a case, aiming to test whether there is credential inflation in universities and the inflation rate. To conduct research, we collect faculty resume information from 802 Chinese universities, including 159,752 resumes. Results confirm credential inflation in Chinese universities’ newly enrolled faculties with domestic education. The credential inflation in elite universities, especially for 211 project universities, is the most obvious. On the contrary, those faculties with overseas education can be employed by higher-ranking institutions than local graduates, and the benefits of studying abroad in terms of the employment of university faculty have continuously improved overall. In the professional field of Chinese university faculties, the devaluation of domestic academic qualifications and the appreciation of overseas academic qualifications are relatively apparent.

Abstract Background In China, parents who have lost their only child are referred to as Shidu parents (SDPs). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and investigate the influence of depressive and anxiety symptoms on the development of PTSD. Method Four hundred and thirty-six SDPs completed assessments of PTSD (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders, SCID-IV; The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale-IV, CAPS-IV), depression (Hamilton depression scale), and anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Scale) via in-person interviews. Logistic regression and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore the association of demographic characteristics, depression, and anxiety symptoms with PTSD. Results The prevalence of PTSD in SDPs was 14.45%. The comorbidity of depression and anxiety symptoms was 87.30% in the SDPs with PTSD. The logistic regression model, which included factors of gender, age, education, depression, and anxiety, which contributed to the development of PTSD, was significant [χ² (11) = 122.47, p

Accurately diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease is essential for improving elderly health. Meanwhile, accurate prediction of the mini-mental state examination score also can measure cognition impairment and track the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. However, most of the existing methods perform Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and mini-mental state examination score prediction separately and ignore the relation between these two tasks. To address this challenging problem, we propose a novel multi-task learning method, which uses feature interaction to explore the relationship between Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and mini-mental state examination score prediction. In our proposed method, features from each task branch are firstly decoupled into candidate and non-candidate parts for interaction. Then, we propose feature sharing module to obtain shared features from candidate features and return shared features to task branches, which can promote the learning of each task. We validate the effectiveness of our proposed method on multiple datasets. In Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative 1 dataset, the accuracy in diagnosis task and the root mean squared error in prediction task of our proposed method is 87.86% and 2.5, respectively. Experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms most state-of-the-art methods. Our proposed method enables accurate Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and mini-mental state examination score prediction. Therefore, it can be used as a reference for the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, and can also help doctors and patients track disease progression in a timely manner.

Abstract In an era marked by rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), the dynamics of the labour market are undergoing significant transformation. A common concern amidst these changes is the potential obsolescence of traditional disciplines due to AI-driven productivity enhancements. This study delves into the evolving role and resilience of these disciplines within the AI-influenced labour market. Focusing on statistics as a representative field, we investigate its integration with AI and its interplay with other disciplines. Analyzing 279.87 million online job postings in the United States from 2010 to 2022, we observed a remarkable 31-fold increase in the demand for AI-specialized statistical talent, diversifying into 932 distinct AI-related job roles. Additionally, our research identified four major interdisciplinary clusters, encompassing 190 disciplines with a statistical focus. The findings also highlight a growing emphasis on specific hard skills within these AI roles and the differences in demand for AI talent in statistics across economic sectors and regions. Contrary to the pessimistic view of traditional disciplines’ survival in the AI age, our study suggests a more optimistic outlook. We recommend that professionals and organizations proactively adapt to AI advancements. Governments and academic institutions should collaborate to foster interdisciplinary skill development and evaluation for AI talents, thereby enhancing the employability of individuals from traditional disciplines and contributing to broader economic growth.

Abstract Post-discharge coping difficulty presents a significant challenge for mothers of preterm infants. The readiness for hospital discharge and parenting self-efficacy are crucial factors influencing post-discharge coping difficulty. However, the pathways through which these factors impact post-discharge coping difficulty remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of readiness for hospital discharge on post-discharge coping difficulty and the mediating role of parenting self-efficacy among mothers of preterm infants. A prospective study involving 462 mothers of preterm infants from six tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province was conducted. Mothers were evaluated on the day of discharge (using the Baseline characteristics and Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale) and three weeks post-discharge (utilizing the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale-Efficacy subscale and Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty Scale). Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the mediating effect. The results of this study revealed that readiness for hospital discharge significantly decreased post-discharge coping difficulty (β = − 0.533, P

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) exhibit outstanding catalytic activity due to their highly dispersed metal centers. Activating persulfates (PS) with SACs can generate various reactive oxygen species (ROS) to efficiently degrade emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in aqueous environments, offering unique advantages such as high reaction rates and excellent stability. This technique has been extensively researched and holds enormous potential applications. In this paper, we comprehensively elaborated on the synthesis methods of SACs and their limitations, and factors influencing the catalytic performance of SACs, including metal center characteristics, coordination environment, and types of substrates. We also analyzed practical considerations for application. Subsequently, we discussed the mechanism of SACs activating PS for EOCs degradation, encompassing adsorption processes, radical pathways, and non-radical pathways. Finally, we provide prospects and outline our vision for future research, aiming to guide advancements in applying this technique. HIGHLIGHTS Summarized the synthesis methods of single-atom catalysts and limitations.; Discussed the factors influencing the performance of single-atom catalysts and practical factors.; Elucidated the mechanism of SACs activating PS for EOCs degradation and prospects for the future.;

Abstract Mixed emotions have attracted increasing interest recently, but existing datasets rarely focus on mixed emotion recognition from multimodal signals, hindering the affective computing of mixed emotions. On this basis, we present a multimodal dataset with four kinds of signals recorded while watching mixed and non-mixed emotion videos. To ensure effective emotion induction, we first implemented a rule-based video filtering step to select the videos that could elicit stronger positive, negative, and mixed emotions. Then, an experiment with 80 participants was conducted, in which the data of EEG, GSR, PPG, and frontal face videos were recorded while they watched the selected video clips. We also recorded the subjective emotional rating on PANAS, VAD, and amusement-disgust dimensions. In total, the dataset consists of multimodal signal data and self-assessment data from 73 participants. We also present technical validations for emotion induction and mixed emotion classification from physiological signals and face videos. The average accuracy of the 3-class classification (i.e., positive, negative, and mixed) can reach 80.96% when using SVM and features from all modalities, which indicates the possibility of identifying mixed emotional states.

Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a major contributor to cancer-related mortality. Glycolysis plays a pivotal role in tumor microenvironment (TME) reprogramming. In this research, the functions of glycolysis-associated genes (GRGs) were evaluated to predict the outcome and reveal the characteristics of the immune microenvironment in individuals with stomach cancer. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) cohort provided gene expression and clinical data for gastric cancer (GC) patients, which were further authenticated using datasets sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). By referencing the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB), a total of 326 GRGs were pinpointed. The various subtypes of GC were outlined through consensus clustering, derived from the expression patterns of these GRGs. Utilizing multivariate Cox regression analysis, a multigene risk score model was formulated. Both the CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms played a pivotal role in assessing the immune microenvironment. To delve into the biological functions of the key genes, wound healing, transwell invasion, and MTT assays were conducted. Results Based on the expression patterns of GRGs, patients were categorized into two distinct groups: the metabolic subtype, designated as cluster A, and the immune subtype, labeled as cluster B. Patients belonging to cluster B exhibited a poorer prognosis. A prognostic risk score model, formulated upon the expression levels of six key GRGs — ME1, PLOD2, NUP50, CXCR4, SLC35A3, and SRD35A3 — emerged as a viable tool for predicting patient outcomes. The downregulation of CXCR4 notably diminished the glycolytic capacity of gastric cancer (GC) cells, alongside their migratory, invasive, and proliferative capabilities. Intriguingly, despite the adverse prognostic implications associated with both the immune subtype (cluster B) and the high-risk cohort, these groups exhibited a favorable immune microenvironment coupled with elevated expression of immune checkpoint genes. Our investigations revealed a positive correlation between high CXCR4 expression and low ME1 expression with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, as well as an enhanced responsiveness to treatment with an anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. Conclusions In this study, we discovered that the expression profiles of GRGs hold the potential to forecast the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients, thereby possibly aiding in clinical treatment decision-making.

Objective Knowledge of the regional groundwater level is an important foundation for groundwater resource evaluation and protection. Due to the limited amount of groundwater level data available at the regional scale, Kriging interpolation and deep learning methods are gradually being used for regional groundwater level prediction, but their applicability and robustness lack comparative analysis. Methods In this paper, spatial interpolation of groundwater levels in the Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone was carried out using ordinary Kriging, coKriging and deep learning methods to explore the potential of these three methods for practical application to regional groundwater level prediction. To investigate the effect of the training set sample size on the prediction effect of the three methods, 239 monitoring wells were divided into two groups of 76 and 163 wells for the training of the three models. Results The results showed that the RMSEs were 6.09, 4.04, and 7.11 when the training data of 76 wells were used to fit the validation set, and the Kriging method, which accounts for surface elevation information, was significantly better than the ordinary Kriging method and the deep learning method. In addition, the predicted water level distribution improved when a larger number of samples was used to predict the water level in the region. However, the spatial distribution characteristics still differed significantly. Conclusion The results show that when the observation data are sparse, the prediction effect of coKriging with elevation information is significantly greater than that of ordinary Kriging and deep learning methods, while the RMSEs obtained by the three methods are similar when the amount of observation data increases to a certain amount.

Abstract The geodynamic processes that formed Earth’s earliest continents are intensely debated. Particularly, the transformation from ancient crustal nuclei into mature Archaean cratons is unclear, primarily owing to the paucity of well-preserved Eoarchaean–Palaeoarchaean ‘protocrust’. Here, we report a newly identified Palaeoarchaean continental fragment—the Baishanhu nucleus—in northeastern North China Craton. U–Pb geochronology shows that this nucleus preserves five major magmatic events during 3.6–2.5 Ga. Geochemistry and zircon Lu–Hf isotopes reveal ancient 4.2–3.8 Ga mantle extraction ages, as well as later intraplate crustal reworking. Crustal architecture and zircon Hf–O isotopes indicate that proto-North China first formed in a stagnant/squishy lid geodynamic regime characterised by plume-related magmatic underplating. Such cratonic growth and maturation were prerequisites for the emergence of plate tectonics. Finally, these data suggest that North China was part of the Sclavia supercraton and that the Archaean onset of subduction occurred asynchronously worldwide.

The actively heated fiber-optic (AHFO) technology has become emerged as a research focus due to its advantages of distributed, real-time measurement and good durability. These attributes have led to the gradual application of AHFO technology to the water content measurement of in situ soil. However, all existing in situ applications of AHFO technology fail to consider the effect of soil–sensor contact quality on water content measurements, limiting potential for the wider application of AHFO technology. To address this issue, the authors propose a method for determining the soil–sensor thermal contact resistance based on the principle of an infinite cylindrical heat source. This is then used to establish an AHFO water content measurement technology that considers the thermal contact resistance. The reliability and validity of the new measurement technology are explored through a laboratory test and a field case study, and the spatial-temporal evolution of the soil water content in the case is revealed. The results demonstrate that method for determining the soil–sensor thermal contact resistance is highly effective and applicable to all types of soils. This method requires only the moisture content, dry density, and thermal response of the in situ soil to be obtained. In the field case, the measurement error of soil water content between the AHFO method, which takes into account the thermal contact resistance, and the neutron scattering method is only 0.011. The water content of in situ soil exhibits a seasonal variation, with an increase in spring and autumn and a decrease in summer and winter. Furthermore, the response of shallow soils to precipitation and evaporation is significant. These findings contribute to the enhancement of the accuracy of the AHFO technology in the measurement of the water content of in situ soils, thereby facilitating the dissemination and utilization of this technology.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the relationship between the time from percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) until subsequent fracture and the risk of new symptomatic fractures (NSFs) in untreated vertebrae at different distances from “augmented vertebrae”. METHODS: Patients who underwent PVA for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University from May 2014 to April 2019 were retrospectively recruited. Vertebrae not treated during PVA were stratified based on their distance from the nearest augmented vertebra and the time elapsed since PVA. Survival curves were plotted to compare the risk of NSFs in untreated vertebrae at different distances from augmented vertebrae. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify risk factors of NSFs in untreated vertebrae. RESULTS: total, 162 patients with 228 NSFs (2.760 vertebrae) were analyzed. More than half of the NSFs (56.6%) occurred within the first year after PVA. Rates and hazard ratios (HRs) of NSFs were higher in vertebrae located one segment away from the augmented vertebrae (21.0%, HR: 3.99, P < 0.001), two segments away (10.6%, HR: 1.97, P = 0.003), or three segments away (10.5%, HR: 2.26, P < 0.001) than in vertebrae located five or more segments away (3.81%, HR: 1.00). Similar results were observed regardless of whether the untreated vertebrae were located in the thoracolumbar junction. In addition to distance, other risk factors of NSFs were the thoracolumbar location of untreated vertebrae, the number of augmented vertebrae, and percutaneous vertebroplasty. CONCLUSION: The risk of NSFs is greater for untreated vertebrae located closer to augmented vertebrae than for untreated vertebrae further away. This distance dependence occurs mainly within the three segments closest to the augmented vertebra. The risk of NSFs decreases with time after augmentation, and it is also related to the number of augmented vertebrae, the type of augmentation, and whether the untreated vertebrae are thoracolumbar or not.

Ensuring drug safety in the early stages of drug development is crucial to avoid costly failures in subsequent phases. However, the economic burden associated with detecting drug off-targets and potential side effects through in vitro safety screening and animal testing is substantial. Drug off-target interactions, along with the adverse drug reactions they induce, are significant factors affecting drug safety. To assess the liability of candidate drugs, we developed an artificial intelligence model for the precise prediction of compound off-target interactions, leveraging multi-task graph neural networks. The outcomes of off-target predictions can serve as representations for compounds, enabling the differentiation of drugs under various ATC codes and the classification of compound toxicity. Furthermore, the predicted off-target profiles are employed in adverse drug reaction (ADR) enrichment analysis, facilitating the inference of potential ADRs for a drug. Using the withdrawn drug Pergolide as an example, we elucidate the mechanisms underlying ADRs at the target level, contributing to the exploration of the potential clinical relevance of newly predicted off-target interactions. Overall, our work facilitates the early assessment of compound safety/toxicity based on off-target identification, deduces potential ADRs of drugs, and ultimately promotes the secure development of drugs.

Multifunctional therapeutics have emerged as a solution to the constraints imposed by drugs with singular or insufficient therapeutic effects. The primary challenge is to integrate diverse pharmacophores within a single-molecule framework. To address this, we introduced DeepSA, a novel edit-based generative framework that utilizes deep simulated annealing for the modification of articaine, a well-known local anesthetic. DeepSA integrates deep neural networks into metaheuristics, effectively constraining molecular space during compound generation. This framework employs a sophisticated objective function that accounts for scaffold preservation, anti-inflammatory properties, and covalent constraints. Through a sequence of local editing to navigate the molecular space, DeepSA successfully identified AT-17, a derivative exhibiting potent analgesic properties and significant anti-inflammatory activity in various animal models. Mechanistic insights into AT-17 revealed its dual mode of action: selective inhibition of NaV1.7 and 1.8 channels, contributing to its prolonged local anesthetic effects, and suppression of inflammatory mediators via modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. These findings not only highlight the efficacy of AT-17 as a multifunctional drug candidate but also highlight the potential of DeepSA in facilitating AI-enhanced drug discovery, particularly within stringent chemical constraints.

Sclerostin emerges as a novel target for bone anabolic therapy in bone diseases. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) are rare bone diseases in which therapeutic potential of sclerostin inhibition cannot be ignored. In OI, genetic/pharmacologic sclerostin inhibition promoted bone formation of mice, but responses varied by genotype and age. Serum sclerostin levels were higher in young OI-I patients, while lower in adult OI-I/III/IV. It's worth investigating whether therapeutic response of OI to sclerostin inhibition could be clinically predicted by genotype and age. In XLH, preclinical/clinical data suggested factors other than identified FGF23 contributing to XLH. Higher levels of circulating sclerostin were detected in XLH. Sclerostin inhibition promoted bone formation in Hyp mice, while restored phosphate homeostasis in age-/gender-dependent manner. The role of sclerostin in regulating phosphate metabolism deserves investigation. Sclerostin/FGF23 levels of XLH patients with/without response to FGF23-antibody warrants study to develop precise sclerostin/FGF23 inhibition strategy or synergistic/additive strategy. Notably, OI patients were associated with cardiovascular abnormalities, so were XLH patients receiving conventional therapy. Targeting sclerostin loop3 promoted bone formation without cardiovascular risks. Further, blockade of sclerostin loop3-LRP4 interaction while preserving sclerostin loop2-ApoER2 interaction could be a potential precise sclerostin inhibition strategy for OI and XLH with cardiovascular safety.The Translational Potential of this Article.Preclinical data on the molecular understanding of sclerostin inhibition in OI and therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of different genotypes, as well as clinical data on serum sclerostin levels in patients with different phenotypes of OI, were reviewed and discussed. Translationally, it would facilitate to develop clinical prediction strategies (e.g. based on genotype and age, not just phenotype) for OI patients responsive to sclerostin inhibition. Both preclinical and clinical data suggested sclerostin as another factor contributing to XLH, in addition to the identified FGF23. The molecular understanding and therapeutic effects of sclerostin inhibition on both promoting bone anabolism and improving phosphate homostasis in Hyp mice were reviewed and discussed. Translationaly, it would facilitate the development of precise sclerostin/FGF23 inhibition strategy or synergistic/additive strategy for the treatment of XLH. Cardiovascular risk could not be ruled out during sclerostin inhibition treatment, especially for OI and XLH patients with cardiovascular diseases history and cardiovascular abnormalities. Studies on the role of sclerostin in inhiting bone formation and protecting cardiovascular system were reviewed and discussed. Translationaly, blockade of sclerostin loop3-LRP4 interaction while preserving sclerostin loop2-ApoER2 interaction could be a potential precise sclerostin inhibition strategy for OI and XLH with cardiovascular safety.

New microwave dielectric ceramics of LiZnSbO4 were prepared by the reactive sintering method. Within the sintering temperature zone of 1350∘C–1385∘C, a single-phase LiZnSbO4 with an orthorhombic structure was identified by XRD refinement, which contains 10 molecular formula per unit cell (i.e., [Formula: see text]). The relative density and average grain size had a main effect on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] value of the LiZnSbO4 ceramics, whereas the phase assemblage was responsible for its [Formula: see text]. The 1375∘C-sintered LiZnSbO4 specimens owned comparable low [Formula: see text], but ultra-high [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GHz (nearly three times) compared to LiZnPO4 and LiZnVO4 ultra-high [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GHz (nearly three times) compared to LiZnPO4 and LiZnVO4 manufactured, which showed a return loss as low as 37.4[Formula: see text]dB, maximum gain of 5.7[Formula: see text]dB and a fractional bandwidth of 3.9% (11.95–12.43[Formula: see text]GHz).

IntroductionProvision of agricultural productive services to farmers is crucial for integrating them into the modern agricultural system. However, small-scale farmers often face difficulties in accessing these services. One internationally recognized approach to addressing this issue is the government-led provision of productive services to small-scale farmers. In China, production services are provided through village collectives, which are economic organizations established in townships and villages to manage collective assets, develop resources and economy, and provide services to members. Farmer participation in these services can enhance inclusive service dynamics, improving access to services and promoting rural equity.MethodsFarmers’ subjective evaluations directly reflect their access to collective agricultural productive services. This study utilized a binary logit model to analyze the impact and mechanism of farmer participation in cooperatives on the collective supply of agricultural productive services. The study involved 3,900 farmers from 29 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China.Results and discussionThis study proposes for the first time a “cooperative+collective” model for the provision of productive services. In China, safeguarding social equity is one of the important objectives of the Government, and safeguarding and supporting the interests of small-scale farmers is crucial to safeguarding social equity. Participation in cooperatives increased farmers’ access to agricultural productive services. The analysis revealed that farmers have significantly increased their level of access to agricultural production services through participation in the “cooperative+collective” model of productive services. Farmers have participation in cooperatives helped integrate and expand farmers’ demand, leading to the continuous operation and expansion of business scale, thereby enhancing the collective supply of agricultural productive services. Furthermore, those income low-income, older farmers derived more benefits from participating in cooperatives in terms of accessing these services. This study offers empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of collective agricultural services.

Abstract The BP neural network optimized by the Adam algorithm was used to predict the defect formation energy of Al−P co‐doped ZnO systems with different concentrations of P replacing O under the presence of different concentrations of VZn. It was found that the easily formed AlZnPo‐1VZn, AlZnPO‐2VZn, and AlZn2PO‐1VZn systems. The first principles of density function were used to study the geometric, electronic, and optical properties of each system. The simulation results show that the bandgap values of the three systems have decreased relative to the intrinsic ZnO, among which AlZnPO‐1VZn and AlZnPO‐2VZn is still a p‐type conductive system, AlZnPO‐2VZn has the highest conductivity. From the analysis of reflectivity, absorption rate, and light transmittance, AlZn2PO‐1VZn has the most relatively excellent optical properties, followed by AlznPo‐2VZn.

The recycling of agricultural waste is an important measure for achieving green agricultural production. Existing studies have discussed the relationship between agricultural land scale and agricultural production from different angles, but ignored the disposal of agricultural waste. This study used China Land Economic Survey (CLES) from 2020 to 2021 and applied the probit model and the instrumental variable method to conduct the empirical analysis. The results showed a significant negative relationship between farmers' agricultural land scale and the recycling of agricultural waste. Heterogeneity analysis showed that the effect of less-developed areas was higher than that of relatively developed areas, and younger samples were less affected than the elderly. The mechanism analysis further pointed out that social norms and economic incentives can effectively promote the recycling of agricultural waste for farmers, given the scale of agricultural land. This study expands the relevant studies on agricultural waste disposal behavior, clarifies the impact and relevant mechanisms, and provides insights for realizing sustainable agricultural development.

Purpose Not all patients benefit from transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) due to the heterogeneity of the tumour burden in intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To compare the outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with molecular-targeted agents plus immune checkpoint inhibitors (TACE-MTAs-ICIs) with those of TACE for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) that were beyond the up-to-seven criteria.Patients and methods Between January 2019 and July 2022, 130 patients diagnosed with uHCC beyond the up-to-seven criteria were retrospectively identified, including 47 patients who received TACE-MTAs-ICIs and 83 patients who received TACE alone. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS); the secondary endpoints included tumour response and adverse events (AEs).Results There were 43 matched patients. The median OS and PFS times in the TACE-MTAs-ICIs group were significantly longer than those in the TACE group (OS: 27.2 vs. 15.9 months, p = 0.007; PFS: 15.4 months vs. 4.8 months, p

Introduction Advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and angiotensin‑converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin‑receptor blockers (ARB) can improve cardiac and renal function, but whether ACEI/ARB therapy improves long-term prognosis remains unclear among these high-risk patients. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the relationship between ACEI/ARB therapy and long-term prognosis among CAD patients with advanced CKD.Methods CAD patients with advanced CKD were included in five hospitals. Advanced CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)

Background Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) was confirmed as a novel inflammatory marker and strongly associated with the risk of several diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between MHR and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a Chinese adult population.Methods In this cross-sectional study, 232,775 community-dwelling adults in Binhai who completed health checkups in 2021 were enrolled. Participants were categorized based on the MHR quartiles. Clinical characteristics of participants across different groups were compared using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis h-test, and Chi-squared test as appropriate. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were taken to assess the relationship between MHR and the presence of CKD, as well as its association with low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria. Subgroup analyses were further executed to confirm the reliability of this relationship.Results A total of 21,014 (9.0%) individuals were diagnosed with CKD. Characteristic indicators including waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), serum uric acid (SUA), triglyceride, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) showed a gradual increase with higher MHR quartiles, whereas parameters such as age, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and eGFR decreased (p