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7. Response of gene abundance of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and denitrifying microorganisms to nitrogen and phosphorus addition in subtropical forest.

Author

LIU Yanji, LIU Zikai, JIN Shengsheng, DENG Huiyu, SHEN Jupei, and HE Jizheng

Abstract

We conducted a nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition experiment in Qianjiangyuan National Park in 2015, to investigate the response of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and denitrifying microorganisms. There were four treatments, including N addition (N), P addition (P), NP, and control (CK). Soil samples were collected in April (wet season) and November (dry season) of 2021. The abundance of amoA gene of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (i.e., ammonia-oxidizing archaea, AOA; ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AOB; comammox) and denitrifying microbial genes (i.e., nirS, nirK, and nosZ) were determined using quantitative PCR approach. The results showed that soil pH was significantly decreased by long-term N addition, while soil ammonium and nitrate contents were significantly increased. Soil available P and total P contents were significantly increased with the long-term P addition. The addition of N (N and NP treatments) significantly increased the abundance of AOB-amoA gene in both seasons, and reached the highest in the N treatment around 8.30x107 copies ⋅ g-1 dry soil. The abundance of AOA-amoA gene was significantly higher in the NP treatment than that in CK, with the highest value around 1.17x109 copies ⋅ g-1 dry soil. There was no significant difference in N-related gene abundances between two seasons except for the abundance of comammox-amoA. Nitrogen addition exerted significant effect on the abundance of AOB-amoA, nirK and nosZ genes, especially in wet season. Phosphorus addition exerted significant effect on the abundance of AOA-amoA and AOB-amoA genes in both seasons, but did not affect denitrifying gene abundances. Soil pH, ammonium, nitrate, available P, and soil water contents were the main factors affecting the abundance of soil N-related functional genes. In summary, the response of soil ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and denitrifying microorganisms was more sensitive to N addition than to P addition. These findings shed new light for evaluating soil nutrient availability as well as their response mechanism to global change in subtropical forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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8. The role of nosZI carrying microorganisms in regulating nitrous oxide reduction during forest conversion: A comparison of plantations and secondary forest in subtropical soils

Author

DENG, Milin, YE, Guiping, HU, Hang-Wei, XU, Chao, YANG, Ping, ZHENG, Yong, SHEN, Jupei, JIN, Shengsheng, HE, Ji-Zheng, and LIN, Yongxin

Abstract

The conversion of natural forests in subtropical regions into plantations or secondary forests has resulted in alterations in soil variables, microbial communities, and microbially-mediated processes, including nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. However, how forest conversion influences soil N2O reduction and the abundance and community structure of N2O reducing microorganisms remains unclear. Here, we investigated the impact of converting a natural forest to secondary forest, Cunninghamia lanceolataand Pinus massonianaplantations on the abundance and community structure of N2O reducing microorganisms in both bulk soils and aggregates. Compared with secondary forest, plantations had higher soil pH, available phosphorus and moisture content, and lower soil NH4+content, but similar aggregate sizes. Compared with secondary forest, forest conversion into plantations resulted in significantly higher soil N2O reduction rate and increased abundances of nosZI and nosZII in soils and aggregates. The abundance of nosZI was higher than nosZII in all tested soils and had a stronger association with N2O reduction rates, suggesting the greater role of nosZI carrying microorganisms in N2O consumption. Forest conversion had a greater impact on the community composition of nosZI than nosZII, mainly by increasing the relative abundance of alpha- and beta-Proteobacteria, while decreasing gamma-Proteobacteria. However, nosZII carrying microorganisms were exclusively dominated by Gemmatimonadetes and less affected by forest conversion. Taken together, our findings significantly contribute to our understanding of the eco-physiological characteristics of N2O reducing microorganisms and highlight the importance of nosZI carrying microorganisms in N2O consumption in subtropical forest soils.

Published
2023
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