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The soluble lignin present in the pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL) is detrimental for value-added utilization of the PHL from production of kraft-based dissolving pulp. In this paper, the soluble lignin was separated from PHL by activated carbon adsorption and subsequent desorption with methanol. The structural characteristics of the soluble and dioxane lignins (from bamboo-willow material) were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The FTIR and proton-NMR results showed that cleavage of β-O-4 aryl-ether linkages and demethylation occurred in the lignin structure during the pre-hydrolysis. The main linkages between structural monomeric units of the soluble lignin were β-β, β-5, β-1, and β-O-4. Additionally, the TGA results showed that the residual char yield at 800 °C of the soluble and dioxane lignins were 33.4% and 35.3%, respectively. Therefore, the soluble lignin obtained from PHL possessed thermal stability comparable to that of dioxane lignin, and can be used as a renewable source for carbon fiber.

Bamboo-willow is a type of fast-growing wood with a high hemicellulose content. In the present study, the effects of phosphoric acid addition on the main components of bamboo-willow and pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL) were explored, and subsequently the pre-hydrolyzed bamboo-willow chips were cooked, O–H–P bleached, and acid post-treated to produce dissolving pulp. The results showed that adding phosphoric acid to the pre-hydrolysis stage effectively removed hemicellulose and increased the cellulose content of the pre-hydrolyzed bamboo-willow. The major component of the hemicelluloses was xylan/xylose, which represented approximately 62% to 78% of the total sugars in the PHL. Glucose was the most abundant sugar that was produced, apart from xylose, and represented approximately 12% to 25% of the total sugars in the PHL. Additionally, 73% to 83% of the total sugars in the PHL were in an oligomeric form. The obtained bamboo-willow dissolving pulp could be used to produce viscose rayon with a 92.1% α-cellulose content, 4.77% hemicellulose content, and 675 degree of polymerization.

The production of dissolving pulp from bamboo-willow (Salix salicaceae or Zhuliu in Chinese) was investigated. It is one of the new fast-growing tree species with strong cold resistance and can grow well in arid areas. Bamboo-willow chips were prehydrolyzed with phosphoric acid and subsequently pulped via the Kraft process. Phosphoric acid was used to dissolve hemicelluloses from bamboo-willow. The resulting brown stock was bleached using oxygen delignification (O), sodium hypochlorite (H), Peroxide (P) and acid (A). Kraft cooking and O–H–P bleaching effectively removed lignin from prehydrolyzed bamboo-willow. The acid post-treatment decreased the ash and ferric ion content in bamboo-willow dissolving pulp. The obtained bamboo-willow dissolving pulp contained low pentosan and high α-cellulose content, and the pulp had high reactivity. The final ash contents, ferric ion, pentosan and α-cellulose content as well as the degree of polymerization and brightness were 0.0950%, 14.7 mg/kg, 2.86%, 95.1%, 547, and 87.2% ISO, respectively. Reactivity is the most significant quality parameter of dissolving pulp and has a large effect on the xanthation reaction during viscose preparation. The reactivity of the obtained bamboo-willow dissolving pulp reached 5.90 s, which implies that the produced dissolving pulp can be used in rayon production.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of dendritic cell (DC) combined with cytokine induced killer cell (CIK) in treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from 39 patients with advanced NSCLC, who were admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, and cultured in vitro to produce DCs and CIK cells which, after phenotypic characterization by flow cytometry, were then returned to the patients. DCs were given subcutaneously on day 7, 9, 11 and 13 and CIK cells were given intravenously on day 11 and 13. The clinical efficacy and safety were analyzed before and after DCs-CIK cells treatment. Results Following up displayed that, in 39 patients with advanced NSCLC and eligible for evaluation, the objective response rate (ORR) was 30.8% including 2 cases of completed response (CR) and 10 cases of partial response (PR), the disease control rate (DCR) was 69.2%. No significant difference existed pre- and post-treatment on the proportion of T cell subsets including CD3+CD4+CD8–, CD3+CD4–CD8+, CD3+CD19–, CD3–CD19+, CD3–CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD16+D56+, CD3+HLA-DR–, CD3+HLA-DR+ and CD3+CD28+CD8+ (P>0.05), while obvious changes were found in Th1, Th2 and CD3+CD4+CD25+ T cells (Treg cells) (P

N -Substituted benzo[ d ]isothiazol-3(2 H )-ones are a family of compounds with extremely important application. Recently, we have developed a new green pathway to synthesize these compounds via potassium bromide-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative dehydrogenative cyclization. This reaction has high functional group tolerance and affords excellent yield even in gram scale.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy, the immune function and follow-up observation of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) combined with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from 27 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and cultured in vitro to produce DCs and CIK cells. After sterility test, phenotypic characterization by flow cytometry and cell count, the produced DCs and CIK cells were then returned to the patient. DCs were given subcutaneously on day 7, 9, 11 and 13 respectively, after PBMCs collection, and CIK cells were given intravenously on day 11 and 13 respectively. This treatment regimen was repeated at a 3 months interval until the disease progresses. Clinical outcomes and immune function were recorded during the treatment period. Results After DCs-CIK cells treatment, clinical efficacy showed an objective response rate (ORR) of 37%, a disease control rate (DCR) of 85% and 2 years overall survival rate of 81.5%. There were no significant changes of T cell subsets including CD3 +CD4+CD8–, CD3+CD4–CD8+, CD3+CD19–, CD3–CD19+, CD3–CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD3+HLA-DR–, CD3+HLA-DR+, CD3+CD28+CD8+ and Th2 cells except CD3+CD4+CD25+ T cells (Treg cells) and Th1 in peripheral blood between pre-and post-treatment. No serious adverse events were observed. Conclusion DCs-CIK cells immunotherapy provides a safe and effective treatment approach for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and may improve the immunosuppression status and enhance the anti-tumor immunity without obvious adverse reaction. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2016.10.07

Background: Clinical reports have suggested the potential link of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) with the development of pancreatitis. We investigated the effects of long-term exposure of Exendin-4 (Ex-4), a kind of GLP-1RA, on biochemical, histological and genetic markers of pancreatitis in High-Fat Diet (HFD) induced mice. Methodology: HFD induced mice received subcutaneous twice-daily injections of Ex-4 (3 and 30 μg/kg/d) or vehicle for 12 w. Pancreatitis was induced with Caerulein (CRN) in Ex-4 treated mice or wild mice. Changes in body weight, food consumption, serum amylase, serum lipase, glucose, and insulin concentrations were measured in each group. An extended histopathological and ultralstructural by transmission electron microscopy evaluation of exocrine pancreas was performed. The expressions of pancreatitis-associated microRNAs and genes were assessed by real-time PCR. Results: Ex-4 improved physical condition, glucose concentrations, decreased food intake, and increased serum insulin sensitivity in HFD induced mice. No deleterious effects on serum amylase and lipase were observed after Ex-4 treatment. The histopathological and ultralstructural findings did not reveal adverse effects of Ex-4. Ex-4 administration did not significantly modify the level of pancreatitisassociated microRNAs (miR-181, miR-148, miR-210 and miR-216a) or pancreatitis-associated genes (RegIII, MCP-1 and IL-6). However, we noted slightly pancreatitis ultralstructural changes in one mouse from 30 μg/kg/d Ex-4-treated group. Conclusion: Ex-4 does not affect biochemical, histopathological or genetic markers of pancreatitis in HFD induced mice. However, surveillance for a possible increased risk of pancreatitis under excess GLP-1RAs administration is warranted to ensure at least benefits far outweigh potential risks.

Here a novel technique was employed to fabricated three-dimensionally porous polystyrene (PS) films via ultrasound assisted template method. In contrast to spin-coated thin film, different morphologies appeared on the films prepared by casting PS/toluene solution on glass substrates. By varying either systematic parameters or intrinsic parameters, surface structures changed from two-dimension flat pores to three-dimension sponge pores. The influences of ultrasonic intensity, frequency, irradiation time, film thickness and toluene content in water bath on surface morphologies were extensively studied. Scanning electron microscopy and white-light confocal microscopy showed that PS casted films with thickness of 200μm have a higher porosity and lower surface roughness within micrometer range. The contact angle measurement indicated slight changes of surface hydrophilicity with toluene content in water bath. Suitable toluene content favored multilayer formation of PS film and led to monodisperse pore distribution analyzed by ImageJ.

According to the indicator diagram of damper, the indicator diagram plumpness was proposed as a quantitative index, and its mathematical relationships with the sprung mass acceleration, suspension dynamic travel and tire dynamic load were built. Moreover, the influence of the total area on suspension characteristics was analyzed in time domain and frequency domain. The results show that, the increase of the indicator diagram plumpness can effectively restrain the variation of suspension dynamic travel and tire dynamic load, meanwhile, the body acceleration will be enlarged. Excessive indicator diagram plumpness also affects the dynamic tire load distribution in frequency domain, and it will decrease the driving security. Therefore, it should be reasonably selected from the performance indicators, which is based on the requirement of vehicle demand in the design process.

Here a simple method was developed to fabricate hydrophilic Polyethersulphone film via a sol-gel process. The correspondent hydrophilicity was evaluated by infrared spectral analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the contact angle measurement, atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope analysis, respectively. Both FTIR and XPS analysis indicated that the film surfaces have a relatively dense sol layer, which favors to become hydrophilic. AFM analysis demonstrated that the higher hydrophilicity was mainly attributed to the surface roughness, while SEM images show that the micro/nanometer crater-like protrusions appears on the film surfaces, whereas the spongy structures & the finger-like structures appear in cortex and intermediate layer respectively. This leads to the hydrophilic film forming after film being treated by sol-gel method.

Five new platinum(II) complexes (1–5) with 4-toluenesulfonyl-L-amino acid dianion and 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectra. The crystal structure of 1 has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Cytotoxicity was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays. The results indicate that 1–5 exert cytotoxic effects with selectivity against tested carcinoma cell lines; 5 displays better cytotoxicity against BGC-823, Bel-7402, and KB cell lines, while 1 has better cytotoxicity against KB cell line. The 4-toluenesulfonyl- L-amino acid dianions have important effects on cytotoxicity; when 4-toluenesulfonyl-L-amino acid dianions are 4-toluenesulfonyl-L-glycine and 4-toluenesulfonyl-L-phenylalanine, the complexes show better cytotoxicity.

Zinc sulfide nano clusters were synthesized and characterized. A kind of method using zinc sulfide nanoparticles cluster cation exchange reaction(CX) to detect trace biological molecules was established. Non fluorescent ZnS nanoparticles (NCCs) were synthesized and characterized. The property of nano clusters directly influences the detection results. Through transmission electron microscopy images and X-ray diffraction, nano clusters which could quickly release a mass of Zn2+ from rapid cation exchange reaction were known to be porous and generate fluorescence signal under the action of zinc reagent. The external crystal arranges loosely compared to the internal, which is conducive to rapid cation exchange, and the crystal size is related to heating time. It was demonstrated that the smallest nanocluster had a relative large surface area and higher cationic exchange efficiency through the determination of the specific surface area of nano clusters for detecting surface area and pore size. Three methods (acid dissolution method, cation exchange and micro wave aided by cation exchange) which effected Zn2+ release performance were experimented. It turned out that microwave auxiliary cation exchange method had high SNR, simple operation, and could be used in zinc sulfide nanoparticle immunoassay. Having compared the relations between the release efficiency, target binding force of ZnZ2+ and its average diameter, the results show that the nano cluster size of 44 nm exhibits the highest cation exchange efficiency. All these features make the ZnS nanocluster cation exchange amplifier to be a highly sensitive, fairly biocompatible, low-cost and environment friendly detection tool in the detection of biomolecules.

A range of hydroxypyridinone-L-phenylalanine conjugates were synthesized starting from kojic acid. Their tyrosinase activity was determined, and it was found that one of the compounds ((S)-(5-(benzyloxy)-1-octyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridin-2-yl)methyl 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoate, 5e) showed potent inhibitory effect against mushroom tyrosinase, the IC50 values for monophenolase and diphenolase activities being 12.6 and 4.0 μM, respectively. It was also demonstrated that these conjugates are mixed-type inhibitors, suggesting they could bind to both the free enzyme and the enzyme-substrate complexes. MTT assay indicated that 5e was nontoxic to three cell lines. This compound may find applications in food preservation and cosmetics.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) reduces fatty acid-induced beta-cell lipotoxicity in diabetes; however, the explicit mechanisms underlying this process are not fully understood. This study was designed to investigate the involvement of microRNA, which regulates gene expression by the sequence-specific inhibition of mRNA transcription in the GLP-1 mediation of beta-cell function.The cell viability and apoptosis were determined using an methyl thiazoleterazolium (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. The expression of genes involved in beta-cell function, including microRNA-34a and sirtuin 1, were investigated using real-time PCR. The underlying mechanisms of microRNA-34a were further explored using cell-transfection assays.A 24-hours incubation of INS-1 cells with palmitate significantly decreased cell viability, increased cell apoptosis and led to the activation of microRNA-34a and the suppression of sirtuin 1. A co-incubation with GLP-1 protected the cells against palmitate-induced toxicity in association with a reduction in palmitate-induced activation of microRNA-34a. Furthermore, palmitate-induced apoptosis was significantly increased in cells that were infected with microRNA-34a mimics and decreased in cells that were infected with microRNA-34a inhibitors.MicroRNA-34a is involved in the mechanism of GLP-1 on the modulation of beta-cell growth and survival.

To study the correlation of real-time continuous monitoring system (RT-CGMS) with venous glucose and capillary glucose values.A total of 33 diabetics received RT-CGMS for 5 days. Fasting venous glucose values were measured at Days 1, 3 and 5 and capillary glucose values recorded 7 times daily. The methods of correlation coefficient, error grid analysis (EGA) and Bland-Altman analysis were employed to assessed the correlation, accuracy and agreement of RT-CGMS with venous glucose and capillary glucose values respectively. The mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE) was calculated during RT-CGMS testing periods.(1) The correlation coefficient of RT-CGMS with vein glucose and capillary glucose values were 0.936, 0.933 (P0.01); (2) The analysis results of EGA showed that 98.67%, 98.64% of venous and capillary values fell in the A and B zones and 1.33%, 1.36% fell in the D zone; (3) The agreement analysis showed that RT-CGMS readings were in close agreement with venous glucose and capillary glucose results; (4) The patients at the same MAGE levels had obvious differences in HbA1C.There is a high level of correlation, accuracy and agreement between RT-CGMS and venous glucose and capillary glucose values.

To test the Piezoelectric property of novel biological piezoelectric ceramic HALNK and its effect on the proliferation and differentiation of rat osteoblast cells.The biological piezoelectric ceramic HALNK1/9 and HALNK5/5 were prepared by mixing Hydroxyapatite (HA) with lithium sodium potassium niobate (LNK) piezoelectric ceramic at a ratio of 1/9 and 5/5 (wt/wt), respectively. After poling treatment, the piezoelectric constants were measured. The osteoblast cells were then seeded on the surfaces of HALNK. The proliferation and differentiation activities of the osteoblast cells were evaluated by MTT assays, ALP activities and scanning electron microscopy examinations.Cells grown on the surfaces of HALNK showed normal morphology, and had better proliferation and differentiation activities than the control. The growth of osteoblastic cells on the surface of HALNK1/9 was significantly better than others.The surface of HALNK 1/9 possesses better piezoelectric property and osteogenesis potential than HALNK5/5.

To investigate the characteristics of glycemic stability in the first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS).Twenty-two first-degree relatives (FDRs) of T2DM patients and 28 age and gender-matched controls underwent CGMS to obtain the mean blood glucose (MBG), standard deviation of MBG (SDBG), mean of daily differences (MODD), and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted. Blood glucose, serum lipids, and serum insulin were assayed. The insulin sensitivity and resistance was assessed by HOMA-beta, HOMA-IR, DeltaI(30)/DeltaG(30) and modified beta cell function index (MBCI).There were no significant differences between the FDR and control groups in the levels of plasma glucose in OGTT, MBG, SDBG, and MOOD. However, the MAGE level of the FDR group was (2.3 +/- 0.5) mmol/L, significantly higher than that of the control group [(2.0 +/- 0.6) mmol/L, P0.05]. The MBCI level of the FDR group was 17.6 (16.9 - 50.0), significantly lower than that of the control group [36.0 (15.7 - 59.6), P0.05]. There were no significant differences in the serum lipids profile, body fat distribution, HOMA-beta, HOMA-IR, and DeltaI(30)/DeltaG(30) between these two groups.The excursion of blood glucose is greater in the FDRs of T2DM patients. CGMS is more sensitive to discover such change than OGTT.

For the first time vitreous materials capable of generating “white light” by simultaneous emission of blue, green, and red emitting fluorescent centers have been produced. These glasses are B 2 O 3 -based and contain Ce 3+ , Tb 3+ , and Mn 2+ as activators. Both chromaticity coordinates and luminescence intensity vary vs glass composition and activator concentration. The spectroscopic properties of singly, doubly, and triply doped glasses are reported. Ce 3+ shows a broad-band emission centered at the border between UV and visible light domains. Moreover, this ion acts as a donor in codoped glasses, transferring part of its energy to Tb 3+ and Mn 2+ , whose luminescence occurs respectively in the green and red parts of the visible. The mechanisms of the various energy transfers observed have been investigated by a detailed kinetic investigation.

To investigate the chemical constituents of the rhizomes of Actaea asiatica in order to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of its effective components.Compounds were separated by silica gel chromatography, RP-C18 chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography, and their structures were established by spectral analysis and chemical evidence.Six compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract. Their structures were identified as 25-O-acetylcimigenol (1), 12beta-hydroxycimigenol (2), 23-epi-26-deoxyactein (3), 27-deoxyacetylacteol (4), 26-deoxycimicifugenin (5) and beta-sitosterol (6).All these compounds mentioned above were isolated from the plant for the first time.

The condensation of aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate result 1,4-dihydropyridines in 82-99% yields under ultrasound irradiation without solvent and catalyst at room temperature. Compared with conventional methods, the main advantages of the present procedure are milder conditions, shorter reaction time and higher yields.

To study the antioxidative and antitumor activities of flavonoids isolated from Epimedium koreanum.The compounds were separated by column chromatography with silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, and identified by spectral a- nalysis (ESI-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) respectively. DPPH radical scavenging assay and MTT assay were used to observe the antioxidative and antitumor abilities.Six compounds were isolated from the the ethyl acetate extract of the aerial part. Their structures were identified as icariin (I), luteolin (II), baohuoside II (III), hyperoside (IV), epimedokoreanin B (V) and baohuoside I (VI). The results indicated that at concentrations of 3. 125-200 micromol x L(-1), compound I, III and VI had no ability to scavenge the DPPH radical, but the scavenging ability of compounds II, IV and V were stronger than that of Vit C in dose-dependant manner. Compounds I, II, V and VI could inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 and HepG2 in dose-dependant manner, but compounds III and IV had no effect on the proliferation.The antitumor activity of E. koreanum may be partially related to the antioxidantive activity of flavonoids.

To investigate the correlation between genotype and distribution of Pogostemon cablin by sequencing ITS1 and ITS2 genes, and provide molecular information for its germplasm evaluation, ITS1 and ITS2 genes of Pogostemon cablin from different localities were identified by PCR direct sequencing. The sequences of ITS1 and ITS2 genes were 424 bp and 380 bp in length, respectively. And nineteen base substitutions were observed in ITS1 gene, and five in ITS2 gene. The results showed a good correlation between genotype and distribution of Pogostemon cablin, and ITS gene sequencing could provide useful molecular information for germplasm evaluation of the plant species verification.

The anti-osteoporosis activity and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine and medicinal plants were discussed. It is hoped that we can provide some reference for future drug development and introduction of traditional Chinese medicine to world.

In order to explore the association of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism with cerebral infarction in type 2 diabetic patients of Han nationality in Northeast China , the genotypes of ApoE gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction -restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in the 208 cases, including 69 cases in control (CON) group and 67 in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group as well as 72 in type 2 diabetes mellitus with cerebral infarction (T2DMCI) group. Plasma lipid content in T2DMCI was also detected for 70 cases. The distribution of genotypes in ApoE gene,epsilon(2)epsilon(3),epsilon(3)epsilon(3) as well as epsilon(3)epsilon(4) was no significant difference in three groups (epsilon(2)epsilon(3) : 13.2%,epsilon(3)epsilon(3) : 67.6%,epsilon(3)epsilon(4) : 16.2%in CON group;epsilon(2)epsilon(3) : 19.4%,epsilon(3)epsilon(3): : 70.1%epsilon(3)epsilon(4) : 9%in T2DM group;epsilon(2)epsilon(3) : 15.2%,epsilon(3)epsilon(3) : 75%,epsilon(3)epsilon(4) : 4.2%in T2DMCI group). The allele frequencies of epsilon(2),epsilon(3) and epsilon(4) were not significantly different in the three groups, either(epsilon(2) : 9.6%,epsilon(3) : 82.4%,epsilon(4) : 8.1%in CON group; epsilon(2) :10.5%,epsilon(3) :84.3%,epsilon(4) : 5.2%in T2DM group; epsilon(2) :11.8%,epsilon(3) :84.7%,epsilon(4) : 3.5%in T2DMCI group). The levels of total cholesterol (TC), tryglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were not significantly different among the different genotypes in T2DMCI group. The study confirmed that the polymorphisms of ApoE gene are neither associated with the T2DMCI, nor with the levels of plasma lipid in T2DMCI.

Resume Des monocristaux representatifs des diverses varietes allotropiques de Na 3 Eu(PO 4 ) 2 ont ete prepares par une methode de flux. L'etude des proprietes structurales et optiques permet de proposer un modele decrivant les mecanismes des transformations de phases successives.

Resume L'evolution thermique des nombreuses varietes allotropiques de Na3Eu(PO4)2 a ete etudiee grâce a la presence de l'ion Eu3+ comme sonde structurale locale. Les resultats obtenus ont ete analyses dans le contexte des systemes Na3PO4EuPO4 et Na3Eu(PO4)2Na3Gd(PO4)2.

Background Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignant disease that demonstrates resistance to standard chemotherapeutic agents. Yet Active immunization using genetically modified dendritic cells holds promise for the adjuvant treatment of malignancies to eradicate or control residual disease. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are a heterogeneous population of effector CD8+ T cells with diverse TCR specificities, possessing non-MHC-restricted cytolytic activities against tumor cells. Clinical studies have confirmed benefit and safety of CIK cell-based therapy for patients with malignancies. This clinical trial was conducted to evaluate efficacy and safety of genetically modified dendritic cells in combination with Cytokine-Induced Killer Cell (gmDCs-CIK) treatment of patients with RCC. Methods 28 patients with advanced renal cancer were admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences from December 2010 to March 2012 and treated by gmDCs-CIK. Clinical efficacy and safety between pre- and post-treatment were compared. Results This analysis showed an objective response rate (ORR) of 39% and a disease control rate (DCR) of as 75%. There is no significant relationship between clinical efficacy and whether metastasis occurred or not (P > 0.05). There is no significant relationship between ORR and cycles of treatment (P > 0.05), but DCR was significantly related with cycles of treatment (P