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A moderate-temperature gel profile controlling agent with the modified phenol-formaldehyde resin as cross-linkage agent is studied on the basis of reservoir characteristics. The basic recipe is determined through the laboratory experimental study, and the influence of polymer, cross-linking agent, aid cross-linking agent and additive agent usage on gel viscosity are observed and studied. It made a gel profile controlling agent apply to 70 ? stratum temperature by control polymer cross-linking ratio. It has a viscosity controlled and good temperature stability. It can plugging water flow passageway effective, improving waterdrived swept wolume and exploration of oil field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines and therapeutics will depend on understanding viral immunity. We studied T cell memory in 42 patients following recovery from COVID-19 (28 with mild disease and 14 with severe disease) and 16 unexposed donors, using interferon-γ-based assays with peptides spanning SARS-CoV-2 except ORF1. The breadth and magnitude of T cell responses were significantly higher in severe as compared with mild cases. Total and spike-specific T cell responses correlated with spike-specific antibody responses. We identified 41 peptides containing CD4 + and/or CD8 + epitopes, including six immunodominant regions. Six optimized CD8 + epitopes were defined, with peptide-MHC pentamer-positive cells displaying the central and effector memory phenotype. In mild cases, higher proportions of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 + T cells were observed. The identification of T cell responses associated with milder disease will support an understanding of protective immunity and highlights the potential of including non-spike proteins within future COVID-19 vaccine design.