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Excited states of 113In have been populated through the heavy-ion fusion evaporation reaction 110Pd(7Li, 4n)113In. A new band with the configuration of a proton d5/2 orbital is identified. Two ΔI = 2 intruder bands, built on the πh11/2 and the πg7/2 orbitals, have been extended to spins (63/2−ħ and (55/2+)ħ, respectively. The negative-parity πh11/2 intruder band shows a smooth increase in aligned spin, which is attributed to a strong proton-neutron interaction. The properties of the positive-parity πg7/2 band are discussed based on tilted axis cranking model calculations, and the features of the antimagnetic rotation for this band are shown after backbend. Furthermore, the contributions of the two-shears-like mechanism, the neutron (gd)ν shell and the core rotation are investigated for the positive-parity πg7/2 band.

The Einstein Probe (EP) focusing mirrors is a main load to focus and image x-rays. A single-layer which adopts Nickel substrates and Gold reflective coatings has been used for the EP focusing mirrors and has excellent performance below 8 keV. It is a possibility to enhance the effective area of higher x-ray regions by using the multilayer design. The multilayer with single block is designed and has excellent reflectance at specific x-ray energies above 8 keV. 54 multilayers are used for all mirror shells with different incident angles. The optimized B/Ir supermirror design for focusing mirrors with short focal length shows an effective area of up to 152 cm2 in 9 keV. And, the method can be used to design supermirror for higher x-ray regions, which will achieve hard x-ray detection with short focal length focusing mirrors and small hard x-ray detection satellite.

The positive-parity signature partner bands in 103,105Pd and 109Cd nuclei are investigated using the classical particle-rotor model. Based on the systematic study of neighbouring nuclei, the signature partner bands of 105Pd are assigned to the configuration, and this assignment is also supported by the present calculations. Furthermore, the calculated values of such bands of 105Pd reproduce the experimental values well and exhibit a decrease with increasing angular momentum, suggesting that these two bands may originate from antimagnetic rotation. Similar signature partner bands are also found in the neighboring 103Pd and 109Cd nuclei. The properties of both bands are in general agreement with the fingerprints of antimagnetic rotation, and thus the signature partner bands of 103Pd and 109Cd are suggested to be candidates for the multiple antimagnetic rotational bands of 105Pd. In addition, the evolution of the two-shears-like mechanism for possible multiple antimagnetic rotational bands in 103,105Pd and 109Cd nuclei is examined by investigating the orientation of the angular momenta.

The luminescent structure of thallium-doped cesium iodide (CsI:Tl) and the behavior of electrons during luminescence are studied at great length based on the conventional first-principles calculation combined with ordinary spectroscopic analysis befittingly in this work. The hybrid functionals based on a screened Coulomb potential (HSE) is used to visualize the energy band structure of the experimental sample’s system, and the corresponding relationship between the transition behavior of CsI:Tl energy levels and the spectrum is studied more accurately. We show the complete energy conversion process clearly, which involves the crystal beginning to receive the energy of a photon until the moment of de-excitation. All the fluorescence process is completed by Tl+ ions that replace Cs+ ions. Our results verify and complement the previous theories and potentially provide important references for the adjustment and design of the detectors and imaging equipment in different fields.

In this paper, we have studied the evolution curve of two-level atomic system that the initial state is excited state. At the different of environmental reservoir models, which include the single Lorentzian, ideal photon band-gap, double Lorentzian and square Lorentzian reservoir, we researched the influence of these environmental reservoir models on the evolution of energy level population. At static no modulation, comparing the four environmental models, the atomic energy level population oscillation of square Lorentzian reservoir model is fastest, and the atomic system decoherence is slowest. Under dynamic modulation, comparing the photon band-gap model with the single Lorentzian reservoir model, no matter what form of dynamic modulation, the time of atoms decay to the ground state is longer for the photonic band-gap model. These conclusions make the idea of using the environmental change to modulate the coherent evolution of atomic system become true.

In this paper, we have studied the multiphoton transition Jaynes-Cummings model (N = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), and researched the effect of initial state superposition coefficient $C_{1}$ , the initial photon number n, the transition photon number N, and the quantum discord $\delta $ on the quantum entanglement degrees, and given the quantum entanglement degrees curves with time evolution. We obtain some results, which should have important significance in the quantum computing and quantum information.

With the nonlinear Jaynes-Cummings model, we have studied the atom and light field quantum entanglement of multiphoton transition in nonlinear medium, and researched the effect of the transition photon number N and the nonlinear coefficient χ on the quantum entanglement degrees. We have given the quantum entanglement degrees curves with time evolution, we find when the transition photon number N increases, the entanglement degrees oscillation get faster. When the nonlinear coefficient α > 0, the entanglement degrees oscillation get quickly, the nonlinear term is disadvantage of the atom and light field entanglement, and when the nonlinear coefficient α

We have proposed a new two-dimensional function photonic crystals, which the dielectric constants of medium columns are the function of space coordinates r → . The photorefractive nonlinear optical effect or electro-optic effect can turn the dielectric constants of medium column into the function of space coordinates. In this paper, we studied the dielectric constants of medium columns are the linear function of space coordinates, i.e., e ( r → ) = k r + b , and calculated the band gaps structures of TE and TM waves. We have found there are absolute band gaps and semi-Dirac points in the two-dimensional function photonic crystals. When the parameters k, b and the medium column radius ra change, the band gaps number, location and width, the absolute band gaps and semi-Dirac points should be changed, which can realize the adjustability of band gaps structures. The two-dimensional function photonic crystals should provide a new method for designing optical device.

Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum theory as well as a key resource for quantum computing and quantum communication, but the entanglement mechanism has not been found at present. We think when the two subsystems exist interaction directly or indirectly, they can be in entanglement state. such as, in the Jaynes-Cummings model, the entanglement between the atom and the light field comes from their interaction. In this paper, we have studied the entanglement mechanism of electron-electron and photon-photon, which are from the spin-spin interaction. We found their total entanglement states are relevant both space state and spin state. When two electrons or two photons are far away, their entanglement states should be disappeared even if their spin state is entangled.

In this paper, we have studied the transmission characteristic of one-dimensional mirror structure photonic crystals (MSPCs) ( AB ) N D 1 D 2 D 3 ( BA ) N with the quantum theory method. We find there are some sharp peaks (quantum transmissivity T = 1) in the PBG of MSPCs, and the number of sharp peaks is added with the increasing of thickness, refractive index and numbers of defect layer, which is beneficial to design the optic filter of multiple channel.

Finding the most robust entangled states during the whole process of decoherence is a particularly fundamental problem for quantum physics and quantum information processing. In this paper, the decoherence process of two-qubit system under two individual identical decoherence channels is investigated systematically. We find that although the robustness of two-qubit states with same initial entanglement is usually different, the Bell-like states are always the most robust entangled states during decoherence. That is to say, affected by the same amount of noise, the remain entanglement of an arbitrary two-qubit state is not more than that of a Bell-like state with the same initial entanglement.

The axially deformed relativistic mean field theory with the effective interaction PK1 has been applied to investigate the contributions of time-odd fields to the ground-state binding energies of 66 odd–odd nuclei and 140 odd- A nuclei in O–Ca isotopes. The results show that the ground-state deformation and configuration of 5 nuclei have been changed with considering the time-odd fields. The odd–odd nuclei have two unpaired valence nucleons and corresponding contribution of time-odd fields to binding energies ( 0.15 – 0.90 MeV ) are larger than of the neighboring odd- A nuclei with only one unpaired valence nucleon ( 0.4 MeV ), and thus a staggering for this contribution appears in the isotones with odd number of neutrons. In addition, taking Al isotopes as an example, the contributions of time-odd fields to binding energies and corresponding configurations are studied in detail. Moreover, azimuthal components of neutron and proton currents in 22 Al, 24 Al and 26 Al, and the differences between the contributions of time-odd fields to ground-state binding energies of mirror nuclei, as well as the odd–even staggering of binding energies, are also investigated.

NiAlxFe2 − xO4/SiO2 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) nanocomposites were fabricated by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Mossbauer spectroscopy at room temperature. XRD confirms that the samples have cubic spinel structure, the average grain size and the lattice constant decrease with increasing Al content x. Mossbauer and the VSM reveal that the samples with x = 0.0–0.8 show ferromagnetic behavior which decreases with increasing x and the sample with x = 1.0 displays superparamagnetic behavior. In addition, the variation of the magnetization number with x exhibits a non-collinear structure for x = 0.0 and Neel collinear structure for x = 0.2–0.6.

In the large fluctuation transition process of hydropower unit, hydraulic turbine operating condition changes drastically, following the change, hydraulic-turbine transfer coefficients also change drastically, thus the mathematical model of hydro-turbine governing system is nonlinear. This paper establishes simulation model of large fluctuation transition process in SIMULINK software, puts forward a method of establishing simulation model of nonlinear hydro-turbine governing system.

We have studied the transmissivity of one-dimensional photonic crystals quantum well (QW) with quantum theory approach. By calculation, we find that there are photon bound states in the QW structure(BA)6(BBABB)n(AB)6, and the numbers of the bound states are equal ton+1. We have found that there are some new features in the QW, which can be used to design optic amplifier, attenuator, and optic filter of multiple channel.

In this paper, we have given the spin states of two-photon, which are expressed by the quadratic combination of two single photon spin states, they are a kind of quantum expression. Otherwise, we give all entanglement states of two-photon, which are different from the xanzsd classical polarization vector expression of two-photon entanglement state., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1303.3406 by other authors

Two-dimensional function photonic crystals, in which the dielectric constants of medium columns are the functions of space coordinates , are proposed and studied numerically. The band gaps structures of the photonic crystals for TE and TM waves are different from the two-dimensional conventional photonic crystals. Some absolute band gaps and semi-Dirac points are found. When the medium column radius and the function form of the dielectric constant are modulated, the numbers, width, and position of band gaps are changed, and the semi-Dirac point can either occur or disappear. Therefore, the special band gaps structures and semi-Dirac points can be achieved through the modulation on the two-dimensional function photonic crystals. The results will provide a new design method of optical devices based on the two-dimensional function photonic crystals.

Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) with emission peak at 520 nm were designed. The electroluminescence (EL) spectra including the integrated intensity, the peak width at half height, and the intensity and the position of the peak of the EL spectra of the OLEDs and microcavity OLEDs (MOLEDs), the total thickness of organic layers which is changeable, were calculated and theoretically analyzed with the thickness of the layer of NPB and light-emitting layer of Alq3 ranging from 10 to 100 nm, respectively. According to these studies, it was found that the optimized OLEDs should be constructed with 70 nm NPB and 62 nm Alq3, and this structure should be more suitable to configurate the MOLEDs. These results suggest that the suitable structure of OLEDs/MOLEDs could be designed with help of theoretical calculation, which is also helpful to the light-emitting properties of OLEDs and MOLEDs.

The resonant cavity length of microcavity influences the light emitting characteristics of microcavity organic light emitting device (MOLED) directly. According to the related calculation formula of microcavity device, when the lengths of microcavity are lambda/2 and lambda, the authors use transfer matrix method to simulate and compare with the functions of composite light emitting EL when exciton is in different positions of microcavity. The authors found that when the length of microcavity is lambda/2, the peaks of luminous spectrum are all at the 520 nm, and the width of half-peaks are all 17 nm. The peak intensity and integral intensity are biggest when exciton is in the central area of microcavity. When the length of microcavity is lambda and exciton is at different positions of microcavity, the peaks of luminous spectrum are all at the 520 nm of designed center wavelength, and the widths of half-peaks are all 12 nm. The peak intensity and integral intensity are smallest when exciton is in the central area of microcavity. After analyzing, The authors found that the light emitting characteristics is best when the exciton is at the maximum position of the electric field. This is because the electric field's intensities in the microcavity with two kinds of lengths are distributed differently. It illustrates that one should distinguish different resonant cavity length and exciton at the maximum position of the electric field within microcavity if one wants to create an efficient MOLED.

High-spin states in 84Rb have been studied by using the 70Zn (18O, p3n) 84Rb reaction at a beam energy of 75 MeV. The γ - γ coincidence, excitation function and ratios for directional correlation of oriented states were performed. A new level scheme was established in which the positive and negative parity bands have been extended up to 17+ and 17- with excitation energy about 7 MeV. The signature splitting and signature inversion of the positive parity yrast bands were observed and are discussed.

A systematic study of even–even nuclei from Ne to Ca in covariant density functional theory with triaxiality Ying Wang1, Jian Li1,∗, Jing Bin Lu1,∗, and Jiang Ming Yao2,3 1College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China 2Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan 3School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China ∗E-mail: jianli@jlu.edu.cn, ljb@jlu.edu.cn

Structure of high spin states in 87Zr was studied through the reaction 59Co(32S, 3pn)87Zr at a beam energy of 118 MeV using in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic method. Measurement of γ - γ coincidence was performed, and directional correlation orientation ratios of some γ rays were determined. The level scheme of 87Zr was established up to spin (37/2+) and (43/2-). Many previously unknown states have been observed. Comparison with neighboring isotones indicates that the effect of neutron on nuclear structure property is predominant compared to proton, and there is a tendency of reduction in band crossing frequency with increasing proton number.