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Objective To explore the efficacy of wenmaitongguan decoction combined with Moxibustion in the treatment of lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans. Methods From January 2020 to January 2021, 150 patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans were randomly divided into treatment group (76 cases) and control group (74 cases). The treatment group was treated with wenmaitongguan decoction combined with moxibustion, and the control group was treated with alprostadil. The clinical efficacy, the distance of intermittent claudication, brachial femoral index, no, endothelin-1 and inflammatory factor (TNF-α、CRP) were compared between the two groups before treatment, 7 days and 4 weeks after treatment。 Results 1. There was no difference in vascular endothelial function before treatment (P > 0.05); The level of ET-1 in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 7 days and 4 weeks after treatment (P < 0.05), while the level of no in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). 2. The level of ABI and intermittent claudication at 7 days and 4 weeks after treatment were significantly improved (P < 0.05), The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). 3. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF--α) in two groups、 Comparison of C-reactive protein (CRP),before treatment，There was no difference in CRP、TNF-α (P > 0.05); The level of water in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group 7 days and 4 weeks after treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion: wenmaitongguan decoction combined with moxibustion can alleviate clinical symptoms by reducing vascular endothelial injury, reducing vascular endothelial inflammatory reaction, restoring vascular tension, expanding peripheral blood vessels and improving peripheral microcirculation.

A novel chitosan-based magnetic composite CTS@SnO2@Fe3O4 was prepared by water-in-oil emulsification for adsorbing anionic dye RBR in aqueous solution. The physicochemical properties of the obtained material were characterized by FTIR, XRD, VSM, TGA, SEM and N2 adsorption-desorption. Effects of contact time, solution pH, ionic strength, initial dye concentration and temperature on the adsorption of reactive brilliant red (RBR) were investigated via batch adsorption experiments. Compared with CTS@Fe3O4, CTS@SnO2@Fe3O4 showed better adsorption performance for RBR, represented by the adsorption capacity reaching a maximum of 981.23 mg/g at pH 2, illustrating that the introduction of SnO2 was beneficial for adsorption. The kinetic data and equilibrium adsorption behaviors were well depicted by pesudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively. Evaluation of the thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. XPS analysis confirmed a potential adsorption mechanism that the N atoms on composite chelated with RBR ions in solution. In addition, CTS@SnO2@Fe3O4 particles were easy to be magnetically separated and had outstanding reusability after five times recycling. All in all, CTS@SnO2@Fe3O4 was proven to be an efficient and promising adsorbent for the dye removal due to its higher adsorption capacity compared with other adsorbents.

In order to effectively remove reactive brilliant red (RBR) in aqueous solution, a novel Cu(II) coordinated chitosan-based magnetic composite (CTS-Cu@SiO2@Fe3O4) was prepared. The physicochemical properties of the resultant adsorbent were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N2 adsorption-desorption. The adsorption capacity toward RBR was systematically investigated as a function of contact time, solution pH, initial concentration, ionic strength and temperature. Compared with CTS@SiO2@Fe3O4, CTS-Cu@SiO2@Fe3O4 showed better adsorption performance in removing RBR, reaching a maximum of 880.84 mg/g at pH 4, which confirmed that the coordination of Cu(II) can improve the adsorption capability. The adsorption kinetics of CTS-Cu@SiO2@Fe3O4 was found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the equilibrium adsorption data were well described by the Freundlich isotherm model. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. XPS analysis confirmed that the adsorption was mainly controlled by electrostatic interaction between copper/amino cation and RBR anion. Furthermore, regeneration experiments demonstrated that CTS-Cu@SiO2@Fe3O4 can be used repeatedly. In a word, CTS-Cu@SiO2@Fe3O4 can be served as a promising adsorbent for dye wastewater scavenging.

A novel chitosan-based magnetic composite CTS@SnO

The aim of the present study was to examine the role of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1)-stimulated platelet activation in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of colon cancer cells, and to identify the underlying mechanisms. TFLLR-NH2, a PAR1 agonist, was used to activate platelets and the platelet supernatants were used to treat the SW620 colon cancer cell line. Expression of E-cadherin and vimentin on SW620 cells was detected by immunofluorescence and western blotting, and the level of the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) was measured using ELISA following the activation of platelets by TFLLR-NH2. miR-200b expression was detected using quantitative PCR in SW620 cells. In order to investigate the chemotactic ability of the SW620 cells, the expression of CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) was measured by flow cytometry. Transwell migration assays were performed following exposure of the cells to the supernatant of PAR1-activated platelets. SW620 cells cultured in the supernatant of TFLLR-NH2-activated platelets upregulated E-cadherin expression and downregulated the vimentin expression. In the in vitro platelet culture system, a TFLLR-NH2 dose-dependent increase of secreted TGF-β1 was detected in the supernatant. The activation of PAR1 on the platelets led to the inhibition of miR-200b expression in the SW620 cells that were cultured in platelet-conditioned media. The number of SW620 cells that penetrated through the Transwell membrane increased with the dose of TFLLR-NH2 used to treat the platelets. The percentage of CXCR4-positive SW620 cells was significantly higher when they were exposed to the supernatant of platelets cultured for 24 h with PAR1 agonist than when cultured in non-conditioned media (40.89 ± 6.74 vs. 3.47 ± 1.40%, P < 0.01). Platelet activation with a PAR1 agonist triggered TGF-β secretion, which induced EMT of SW620 human colon cancer cells via the downregulation of miR-200b expression, and activated platelets had a chemotactic effect on colon cancer cells mediated by the upregulation of CXCR4 on the cell surface.

Aquaporin (AQP) 1 and AQP2 belongs to the aquaporin water channel family, which play a main role in reabsorption of water from the renal tubular fluid to concentrate urine. With paraffin section method combined with transmission electron microscopy, the microstructure and ultrastructure of bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) kidney was observed. We studied nephron segment-specific expression of AQP1 and AQP2 using immunohistochemical staining on paraffin sections of camel kidneys. We found that the microstructure and ultrastructure of kidneys in camel, was similar to those of other animals. However, the structure of the various parts of nephron were developed, especially, proximal tubule brush border. Moreover, strong expression of AQP1 was observed in the apical and basolateral membrane of epithelial cells in proximal tubule and Henle's loop descending limb. AQP2 was strongly expressed in apical membrane and cytoplasm of principal cells in the collecting duct and epithelial cells in the distal convoluted tubule. In conclusion, strong expression of AQP1 and AQP2 in the camel kidney showed some differences from other species in renal trans-epithelial water transport, these results enhanced our better understanding of special water metabolism mechanisms, to some extent, it may be one of the secrets of camel to survive in the extremely arid and harsh environment.