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ABSTRACT Background This study aims to elucidate the expression pattern of SERPINE1, assess its prognostic significance, and explore potential therapeutic drugs targeting this molecule. Methods and Results In this study, we delved into the variations in gene mutation, methylation patterns, and expression levels of SERPINE1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and normal tissues, leveraging comprehensive analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. The connection between the biological function of the gene and prognosis was scrutinized through immune infiltration and enrichment analyses. Concurrently, we assessed the potential therapeutic value of SERPINE1 through drug sensitivity analysis. It was observed that, particularly in human papillomavirus (HPV) negative HNSCC, SERPINE1 exhibited elevated expression levels, correlating with poorer prognosis. The infiltration levels of eight cell types, such as eosinophils, Tgd, and macrophages, showed a positive correlation with SERPINE1 expression, whereas infiltration levels of four cell types, including cytotoxic cells, B cells, and pDCs, displayed a negative correlation. Furthermore, copy number variations of SERPINE1 were primarily characterized by homologous amplification, positively correlating with its expression, while methylation showed an inverse correlation. The outcomes of drug sensitivity analysis underscored the potential of SERPINE1 as a therapeutic target. Conclusion Elevated expression of SERPINE1 in HNSCC is intricately linked with adverse prognostic outcomes and has the potential to influence the immune microenvironment. Subsequent investigations are imperative to fully elucidate the prognostic implications of SERPINE1 as a biomarker and to unlock its therapeutic promise as a target for intervention.

Abstract Background The efficacy and toxicity of KRASG12C inhibitors were evaluated for advanced solid tumors in several studies; however, the results were not fully consistent. Methods Clinical trials evaluating KRASG12C inhibitors for advanced solid tumors were searched from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library online databases up to 31st December 2023. The characteristics of the studies and the results of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS) rate, overall survival (OS) rate, and treatment-related adverse events (trAEs) were extracted. Results Ten studies with 925 heavily pretreated advanced patients harboring KRASG12C mutation were included. For total population, the pooled analysis of ORR was 28.6% (95%CI, 21.2-36.6%), DCR was 85.5% (95%CI, 82.2-88.6%), PFS rate at 6 months (PFS6) was 49.6% (95%CI, 41.4-57.9%), PFS rate at 12 months (PFS12) was 26.7% (95%CI, 19.8-34.1%), OS rates at 6 months (OS6) was 76.2% (95%CI, 68.8-82.9%), OS rates at 12 months (OS12) was 47.8% (95%CI, 38.6-57.0%). The pooled analysis of any grade trAEs was 79.3% (95%CI, 66.2-90.0%) and grade three or more trAEs was 24.4% (95%CI, 16.7-32.9%). The median time to response and DoR results from individual data were 1.39 months (95%CI, 1.37–1.41 months) and 10.54 months (95%CI, 7.72–13.36 months). Sotorasib had significantly lower pooled incidences of any trAEs (OR, 0.07, 95%CI, 0.03–0.14) and grade three or more trAES (OR, 0.34, 95%CI, 0.24–0.49) compared with adagrasib. Conclusions KRASG12C inhibitors have good ORR, DCR, PFS rate, OS rate, tolerable trAEs, and early response with long duration in advanced solid tumors; however, most of the pooled results were heterogeneous. Sotorasib has shown better safety results.

As the application of next-generation energy storage systems continues to expand, rechargeable secondary batteries with enhanced energy density and safety are imperative for energy iteration. Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted extensive attention and are recognized as ideal candidates for large-scale energy storage due to the abundant sodium resources and low cost. Sodium metal anodes (SMAs) have been considered as one of the most attractive anode materials for SIBs owing to their high specific capacity (1166 mAh g−1), low redox potential, and abundant natural resources. However, the uncontrollable dendrite growth and inevitable side reactions on SMA lead to the continuous deterioration of the electrochemical performance, causing serious safety concerns and limiting their practical application in the future. Therefore, the construction of stable dendrite-free SMAs is a pressing problem for advanced sodium metal batteries (SMBs). In this review, we comprehensively summarize the research progress in suppressing the formation of sodium dendrite, including artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), liquid electrolyte modification, three-dimensional (3D) host materials, and solid-state electrolyte. Additionally, key aspects and prospects of future research directions for SMAs are highlighted. We hope that this timely review can provide an overall picture of sodium protection strategies and stimulate more research in the future.

Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showed antitumor activity for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). However, the results from different studies were controversial. Methods Online databases were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating ICIs for R/M HNSCC. The characteristics of the studies and the results of overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs) were extracted. Results A total of 4936 patients from eight studies were included. Anti‐PD1/PDL1 monotherapy significantly improved OS in total population (hazard ratio, HR, 0.87, 95% CI, 0.79–0.95, p = 0.003) and PD‐L1 high expression patients (HR, 0.71, 95% CI, 0.55–0.90, p = 0.006) with significant lower incidence of any grade TRAEs (odds ratio, OR, 0.16, 95% CI, 0.07–0.37, p

Hyperglycemia-induced endothelial endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetes and its vascular complications. Procyanidins are enriched in many plant foods and have been demonstrated to exert several beneficial effects on diabetes, cardiovascular and other metabolic diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of procyanidin B2 (PCB2), the most widely distributed natural procyanidin, on ER stress evoked by high glucose in endothelial cells (ECs) and the underlying mechanisms. We showed that PCB2 mitigated the high glucose-activated ER stress pathways (PERK, IRE1α and ATF6) in human vascular ECs. In addition, we found that PCB2 attenuated endothelial ER stress via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ). We demonstrated that PCB2 directly bound to and activated PPARδ. Conversely, GSK0660, a selective PPARδ antagonist, attenuated the suppressive effect of PCB2 on the ER stress signal pathway. Functionally, PCB2 ameliorated the high glucose-impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation in mouse aortas. The protective effect of PCB2 on vasodilation was abolished in the aortas pretreated with GSK0660 or those from the EC-specific PPARδ knockout mice. Moreover, the protective effects of PCB2 on ER stress and endothelial dysfunction required the inter-dependent actions of PPARδ and AMPK. Collectively, we demonstrated that PCB2 mitigated ER stress and ameliorated vasodilation via a PPARδ-mediated mechanism beyond its classic action as a scavenger of free radicals. These findings further highlighted the novel roles of procyanidins in intervening the ER stress and metabolic disorders related to endothelial dysfunction.

Placenta is closely related to the health of the fetus. Abnormal placental function will affect the normal development of the fetus, and in severe cases, even endanger the life of the fetus. Therefore, accurate and quantitative evaluation of placenta has important clinical significance. It is a common method to segment human placenta with semantic segmentation. However, manual segmentation relies too much on the professional knowledge and clinical experience of the staff, and it will also consume a lot of time. Therefore, based on u-net, we propose an automatic segmentation method of human placenta, which reduces manual intervention and greatly speeds up the segmentation, making large-scale segmentation possible. The human placenta data set we used was labeled by experts, which was obtained from prenatal examinations of 11 pregnant women, about 1,110 images. It was a comprehensive and clinically significant data set. By training the network with such data set, the robustness of the model will be better. After testing on the data set, the segmentation effect is basically consistent with the manual segmentation effect.

Background: Expression of miR‑92b in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) rat tissue and its effect on the OSCC CAL‑27 cells were investigated. Methods: The study was performed in Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, China on December 2018. Thirty Wistar rats were used to construct models of oral squamous cell carcinoma. CAL‑27 cells trascfected by Lipofectamine 2000 were divided into miR‑92b inhibitor, miR‑NC and blank groups. RT‑qPCR was used for the detection of the expression level of miR‑92b, and MTT and flow cytometry were carried out for the detection of the effect of miR‑92b on the proliferation and apoptosis of CAL‑27 cells, respectively. Results: The expression level of miR‑92b was significantly higher in tumor tissues than that in normal tissues (P

Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki is an important termite severely damage wood components of housing construction and old living trees in residential areas in south of China. The 70% mirex dust was one of important chemical products to control this termite damage. As the completely elimination of mirex in May 2009 in China, one of key works for Chinese researchers on termite control is to find the alternatives of mirex product. In present study, we evaluated the effect of 3% ivermectin dust to eliminate the colonies of C. formosanus in residential areas of Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province, China from April 2010 to May 2012. The results indicated that when 20-30 grams of 3% ivermectin dust were applied onto the body of termites feeding in four monitor devices at 18-80 meter far from the C. formosanus nests, the termite colonies would be eliminated completely within three and half to eight months. This means 3% ivermectin dust was a good alternative of 70% mirex dust and could be used for subterranean termite control through the method of dusting in the monitor devices.

Microblog is one of the important social information communication platform. Because of its characteristics of easy operation and fast spread, people can directly and quickly express their attitude to emergencies, public figures, hot products and daily life through microblog. In order to utilize the vast microblog information, it needs to combine various microblog analysis methods to discover the potential value of information. This paper first reviews the current research of microblog analysis field and puts forward the independent research and development system of microblog analysis, then explores the future research direction of microblog analysis.First of all, this paper introduces two dominating technical methods of microblog analysis, including microblog open platform and web crawler technology. People can have convenient and prompt access to microblog information resources via open interface of microblog, such as microblog content, user reviews, user personal details, the number of fans, the number of attention, etc.. But it also has many limitations. For example, it can only be grabbed for limited times every hour and it is not open for all the resources information. Utilizing the web crawler technology, more information resources can be obtained. For example, the information acquisition technology based on general web crawler can cover a wider range and based on the focused crawler, the predefined theme can be crawled selectively.Secondly, this paper presents the hot issues of current microblog, including analysis on users' behavior and microblog content. Research on microblog user behavior includes: 1) Research on information communication network. Its purpose is to predict future propagation, which uses Gephi visualization tools to present propagation path under microblog diffusion, propagation range and the key of forwarding nodes, etc.. 2) Research on propagation factors. It reveals the possible causes of information dissemination by analyzing users' behavior. 3) Research on user's influence. Different scholars give different methods of measurement, while accurate evaluation of user's influence should take into account many factors, such as the number of fans, the forwarding number, mentioned numbers, reply, and social relationship, etc.. Analysis of the microblog contents includes: 1) Microblog texts pretreatment, including words segmentation and stop words. 2) Microblog hot topic detection. Its methods include statistical method of word frequency and text clustering methods, which are beneficial to the improved detection effect of hot topics without considering the characteristics of dynamic topic evolution. 3) Sentiment analysis, also known as opinion mining, has always been a hot issue in the research field of microblog. It can use microblog expression image to extract emotional words and combine with the method of constructing the semantic dictionary and machine learning to classify the sentiments of microblog, finally judge sentiment polarity of microblog. It can be used for public opinion monitoring, business forecasting and product selection, etc..Thirdly, we put forward We-Reading, an independent research and development system of microblog analysis, and introduce three main modules including sentiment analysis, geographical distribution and propagation graph expansion. Sentiment analysis module classifies users' comments sentiment based on the method of sentiment lexicon. Regional distribution module extracts the geographical position information of users and does statistical analysis in order to show the spread distribution of microblog nationwide. Propagation graph module uses visual means to represent the microblog broadcast of information diffusion, such as forwarding relations, forwarding layer, and forwarding scope, etc..Finally, this paper summarizes the challenging problems that microblog faces from two aspects of technology and applications. Technical analysis of microblog can break interface resource constraints, and improve the efficiency and precision of microblog analysis system. Practical analysis of microblog expands event monitoring, management application and commercial application.

An affinity nanobiosensor is presented that uses an aptamer-functionalized Ni3(HITP)2 metal-organic framework (MOF). The device is a field-effect transistor (FET) with the MOF as the conducting channel and is functionalized with an aptamer for specific biomarker recognition. Binding between the aptamer and the target biomarker induces a change in the carrier density in the MOF, resulting in measurable changes in FET characteristics for determination of the biomarker concentration. In situ synthesis of the MOF enhances the adhesion between the MOF film and electrodes to reduce noise during sensor operations while also allowing devices to be potentially mass-producible at a reduced cost. Thanks to the porous structure of the MOF, the aptamer surface density on the MOF is optimized to enhance sensitivity for biomarker measurements. Experimental results show that the MOF nanobiosensor is capable of reliable and sensitive measurements of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) with a responsivity of 0.38 mV/pM and a limit of detection of 8.7 pM, which are 2.7 times the responsivity and 34% of the limit of detection of a comparison aptameric sensor that used manually transferred graphene as a transduction material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]